Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein that improve grid performance by smoothing demand using thermal reserves. The smoothed demand can reduce peak loads as well as the ramp rate of demand that will otherwise require the use of inefficient, expensive generation sources. These improvements are tied to the selective switching on or off electrical loads that are coupled to thermal reserves, effectively using the thermal reserves as an energy storage mechanism. Historical data of past usage can be used to create load model and ensure that effects on customer comfort are minimized while still accomplishing the beneficial effects for the overall grid, which enables grid owners to both reduce their operational cost by avoiding expensive generation and improve system reliability by achieving more predictable power demand.

Abstract: A diagnosis assisting device includes: an imager to capture an image of a working machine; a display to display the captured image of the working machine; a controller to control the display; a memory to store one or more pieces of drawing data of one or more of the working machines; an input to receive operator input; and a data extractor to extract one of the stored one or more pieces of drawing data that corresponds to at least one component to be diagnosed, wherein the controller is configured or programmed to cause the display to display the extracted one of the one or more pieces of drawing data and the captured image of the working machine such that the at least one component indicated by the extracted one of the one or more pieces of drawing data is superimposed on at least one corresponding component in the captured image.

Abstract: A system and method for supplying power to a power grid. The system includes a battery storage system; and a power management system, the power management system including a storage management system with a processor configured to: direct generated energy to the battery storage system; discharge battery-stored energy from the battery storage system to the power grid; and control the discharge of the battery-stored energy from the battery storage system to the power grid based on a demand index.

Abstract: A power conversion circuit energization unit includes a bus bar module and a conductive fixing bolt. The bus bar module includes conductive P and N bus bars connected to a switch element in a power conversion device and an insulative terminal block on which the bus bars are located. The fixing bolt fixes the terminal block to a housing in which the switch element is housed. A head of the fixing bolt and the P bus bar are separated from each other in an axial direction along which a shaft of the fixing bolt extends while facing each other.

Abstract: The present invention is a wind farm control method, wherein a reinforcement learning method (RL) is implemented in a decentralized manner (for each wind turbine). The reward (REC) is calculated according to a wake propagation delay (DEL). Thus, the reward is truly representative of the effect of the last action (previous yaw control for example).

Abstract: A computer-implemented method executed by one or more processors includes receiving interconnection data for a proposed interconnection to a power grid; accessing a power grid model including a topological representation of the power grid, electrical specifications of grid components, and empirical operation characteristics; and generating, using the interconnection data for the proposed interconnection to the power grid, and the power grid model, simulated power grid data. The simulated power grid data is based on simulating operation of the power grid with the proposed interconnection coupled to a location of the power grid identified by the interconnection data during a simulated time period. The simulated power grid data includes a plurality of different temporal and spatially dependent characteristics of the power grid. The method includes evaluating, using one or more metrics, the simulated power grid data; and outputting evaluation results of the one or more metrics.

Abstract: A communications controller is disclosed. The communications controller includes a data transfer unit and a protocol engine. The communications controller further includes a circuit configured to control transfer of data from the data transfer unit to the protocol engine in dependence upon a process identifier which identifies a process entity requiring the protocol engine to transmit data for the process entity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a DC power supply device that includes: a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side; a diode rectifier connected at its input side to the secondary side of the transformer; an inverter connected at its output side to the secondary side of the transformer; and a controller. The inverter is controlled by the controller to generate reactive power and/or harmonics onto the secondary side of the transformer so as to regulate the DC voltage at the output side of the diode rectifier to a target value. The controller receives at its input side at least one DC signal outputted by the diode rectifier and uses the at least one DC signal to control the inverter.

Abstract: A method for energy management in a mobile medical unit, including: using a microgrid assessment tool to capture both granular load profiles and power quality data for a mobile medical unit powered by a microgrid; modeling a plurality of scenarios, using the data captured by the microgrid assessment tool to determine hybrid power system optimization; and supplying power to the mobile medical unit from one or more of a plurality of energy sources in the hybrid microgrid based on the optimization results. The plurality of energy sources includes at least one renewable energy source and at least one non-renewable energy source. A mobile medical system that includes a mobile medical unit and a hybrid microgrid configured to provide power to the mobile medical unit. The hybrid microgrid includes a measurement, verification, and control module, at least one renewable energy source, at least one energy storage device, and a generator.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intelligent multi-pollutant ultra-low emission system and a global optimization method thereof. The intelligent multi-pollutant ultra-low emission system comprises a device layer, a sensing layer, a control layer and an optimization layer from bottom to top.

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically and automatically adjusting the load on a power grid through micro adjustments of equipment coupled to the consumer side of the power grid. The system allowing for the automatic adjustment of equipment to either decrease or increase instantaneous power demand on the grid in response to peak demands and demand valleys to smooth the demand curve on the power grid. The system able to balance demand within the grid to adjust demand within various different portions of the power grid and allowing for reducing the power buffer supplied by electric utilities to reduce waste and carbon emissions.

Abstract: A planning method for a power distribution automation system based on a reliability constraint is provided. The method includes: defining installation states of components and principles of a fault isolation, a load transfer and a fault recovery after a branch fault occurs; establishing a reliability evaluation optimization model for a power distribution network based on a mixed integer linear programming, the reliability evaluation optimization model comprising a target function and constraint conditions; solving the reliability evaluation optimization model to obtain an optimum planning scheme; and planning the power distribution automation system based on the optimum planning scheme.

Abstract: A system includes a flexible datacenter and an energy storage unit that receives and stores power from one or more grid-scale power generation units. The energy storage unit and the flexible datacenter are connected behind-the-meter to the power generation unit(s) such that they are not typically subject to grid transmission and distribution fees. By various methods, behind-the-meter power is routed between the power generation unit(s), the energy storage unit, the flexible datacenter, and/or the grid based on a variety of conditions and operational directives.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and a system for calculating a stability margin domain of the control parameters of a hydraulic turbine regulating system, which belongs to the technical field of stability margin analysis of the hydraulic turbine regulating system. The method includes: determining a high-order state space model of the hydraulic turbine regulating system; determining a dominant eigenvalue and an interference eigenvalue of a state matrix of the high-order state space model; determining an associated state variable of the interference eigenvalue; determining the interference eigenvalues under different target control parameter conditions; determining whether a target control parameter meets a stability margin requirement; and determining the stability margin domain of the control parameter.

Abstract: A data moving method, a direct memory access apparatus, and a computer system are disclosed. The data moving method is used for a neural-network processor, the neural-network processor includes at least one processing unit array, and the method includes: receiving a first instruction, wherein the first instruction indicates address information of target data to be moved, and the address information of the target data is obtained based on a mapping relationship between the target data and at least one processing unit in the processing unit array; generating a data moving request according to the address information of the target data; and moving the target data for the neural-network processor, according to the data moving request.

Abstract: Implementations are directed to aspect(s) of a fast feedback control system that actively stabilizes a geographically dispersed power grid by e.g., providing capabilities to match supply and demand at a high update rate. Implementations enable fast measurements of properties of the power grid and fast control parameter(s) back to controllable resource(s) in the power grid, such as control parameter(s) back to battery storage units, solar generation curtailment, wind generation curtailment, EV charging systems, and/or HVAC systems. In various implementations, the fast measurements and/or the fast control parameters can continuously occur at an update rate that is faster than once per second, such as at an update rate greater than 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 Hz. For example, measurements from a controllable resource can be transmitted to a geographically remote parent controller at 60 Hz and responsive control parameters can be received at the controllable resource at 60 Hz.

Abstract: Techniques are presented for physically incapacitating data storage functionality of a computer data storage device for preventing access of data stored on the device. A security breach can be detected of a device housing a component communicable with a computer and where digital data is storable on the component. A mechanism can be activated for physically disabling the component in the device, in response to the detecting of the security breach. The incapacitating of the component can be a result of the mechanism physically contacting the component, in response to the activation of the mechanism, and the incapacitating of the component renders digital data stored on the component unretrievable by a computer.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for a distributed communications and control network that manages Distributed Energy Resources (“DER”) on a power utility grid. An integrated network and system uses a hub and spoke, substation-centric network architecture, and comprises: a plurality of edge DER (“E-DERM”) devices, each E-DERM device located at a DER point of interconnection; a single substation DER controller (“D-DERM”) located at a utility substation and configured to manage the plurality of E-DERM devices; integrated point-to-point secured communications between the D-DERM and each of the plurality of E-DERM devices using dual-channel, redundant paths; and closed-loop control software algorithms running autonomously on the D-DERM at the utility substation to monitor and control DER connected to power lines emanating from the utility substation.

Abstract: Provided is a vacuum adiabatic body. The vacuum adiabatic body includes an alternating current line through which AC current flows as a driving source, a direct current line through which direct current flows as a driving source, and a signal line through which a control signal flows as electric lines configured to electrically connect the first space to the second space. Thus, the number of lines passing through the vacuum adiabatic body may be reduced.

Abstract: A power management system, which manages a transaction of power generated based on renewable energy, includes: a power supply system capable of supplying power generated based on the renewable energy to a power demand system; and a power demand-supply management apparatus that manages demand and supply of the power. The power demand-supply management apparatus requests the power supply system to supply the power to the power demand system in a power generation time zone of the power, and issues, to the power demand system, a certificate that an amount of supplied power has been consumed in accordance with generation of the power.

Abstract: A method performed by a UE. The method incudes generating a SUCI comprising: i) an encrypted part in which a Mobile Subscription Identification Number of a SUPI is encrypted and ii) a clear-text part comprising: a) a Mobile Country Code of the SUPI, b) a Mobile Network Code of the SUPI, c) a public key identifier for a public key of a home network of the user equipment, and d) an encryption scheme identifier that identifies an encryption scheme used by the UE to encrypt the Mobile Subscription Identification Number in the SUCI. The method also includes transmitting the SUCI to an authentication server in the home network for forwarding of the SUCI to a de-concealing server capable of decrypting the Mobile Subscription Identification Number.

Abstract: A method of detecting a fault in a power distribution system includes placing a signal on the system at a frequency F1 and then detecting a change in the signal due to a change in the impedence of the system as a result of a fault wherein the change is one of a change in phase, a change in signal tone, or a change in voltage level at the load. In one embodiment, band reject filters can be used to diminish the signal at the load or source. In another embodiment, the power source can be a periodic pulsed power source and the signal can be placed on the system during an idle phase of the periodic pulsed power.

Abstract: A power management system includes a first receiver for receiving information specifying reverse power flow from a base power meter measuring at least the reverse power flow output from a facility to a power grid, a second receiver for receiving information specifying each of individual output powers of two or more adjustment power supplies provided in the facility, and a controller for specifying each of individual reverse power flows of the two or more adjustment power supplies managed as the reverse power flow. The controller specifies individual reverse power flows of the two or more adjustment power supplies, by executing a correction process of correcting a discrepancy between a sum of the individual output powers of the two or more adjustment power supplies and the reverse power flow based on the individual output powers of the two or more adjustment power supplies.

Abstract: A high performance mechanism for exporting peripheral services and offloads using Direct Memory Access (DMA) engine is presented. The DMA engine comprises a ring buffer, a DMA memory, and a DMA engine interface operatively coupled to the ring buffer and the DMA memory. The DMA engine interface is configured to retrieve, from the ring buffer, a first DMA request; extract first transfer instructions from the first DMA request; retrieve a first data corresponding to the first DMA request from the DMA memory; and execute the first DMA request using the first data based on at least the first transfer instructions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for determining a broken conductor condition in a multiple-phase electric power delivery system. It has been observed that broken conductors pose a safety concern when occurring in the presence of people or vulnerable environmental conditions. Broken conductor conditions disclosed herein may be used to detect and trip the phase with the broken conductor, thus reducing or even eliminating the safety risk. Broken conductors may be determined using detected phase series arcing differences in one phase without commensurate differences in other phases. In various embodiments the phase series arcing attributes may be phase current monitored for decrement and/or phase resistance monitored for increase.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a process for configuring or commissioning a solar power system includes receiving, at a controller, hardware identifiers of a plurality of power electronics modules to be configured. Each of the plurality of power electronics modules of at least a portion of the plurality of power electronics modules is associated with a corresponding photovoltaic panel. A hub is configured to wirelessly communicate with the plurality of power electronics modules. The controller is physically connected to the hub and communicates with the hub via wiring that also carries power from photovoltaic panels to an inverter. The process includes configuring, by the controller, the plurality of power electronics modules using the received hardware identifiers.

Abstract: A method for intelligently adjusting a power flow based on a Q-learning algorithm includes: converting a variable, an action, and a goal in a power grid to a state, an action, and a reward in the algorithm, respectively; selecting an action from an action space, giving an immediate reward based on a result of power flow calculation, and correcting a next state; forwardly observing a next exploration action based on a strategy in the Q-learning algorithm; updating a Q value in a corresponding position in a Q-value table based on the obtained reward; if a final state is not reached, going back to step 2; otherwise, increasing the number of iterations by 1; if the number of iterations does not reach predetermined value K, that is, Episode<K, going back to step 2; otherwise, that is, Episode=K, outputting the Q-value table; and outputting an optimal unit combination.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a local energy management system (LEMS) at local mixed power generating sites for providing grid services and grid service applications. The LEMS generally serves as a local power control agent for facilitating energy management at the local site level by controlling and leveraging a plurality of local assets deployed at the local site, and combining a plurality of generated power from each site which acts as its own virtual power plant for delivering grid services to the grid. In addition, the LEMS has the ability to effectively handle and fulfill energy and electrical objectives of the grid services, including regulation or demand response objectives from the grid, by conveying operational set points that control the power charge and discharge at each local asset in order to meet those objectives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for setting up a board ID of a board used for a controller in a HVDC system that is capable of shortening inspection time of a board by easily identifying a location and a type of the board for inspection mounted. The apparatus for setting up a board ID of a board used for a controller in a HVDC system in the present invention comprises: IO boards for controlling submodules; a main board for managing the at least one IO board, and a backplane for connecting the main board with the at least one IO board.

Abstract: A method of providing safety configuration parameters for a wind turbine is provided. The method comprises receiving a safety configuration file at a location of the wind turbine, and comparing a turbine ID associated with the safety configuration file to a turbine ID of the wind turbine stored at the location of the wind turbine. A tamper check is performed on the safety configuration file to determine if data in the safety configuration file has been modified. If the turbine ID associated with the safety configuration file matches the turbine ID of the wind turbine, and if the tamper check determines that the data has not been modified, a safety configuration parameter associated with a safety system of the wind turbine is extracted from the file and stored.

Abstract: An input/output (I/O) command referencing a logical address of a memory sub-system is received by an active input/output expander (AIOE). The I/O command is received from a memory sub-system controller via the AIOE. The AIOE identifies a physical block address corresponding to the logical block address. The AIOE identifies, among a plurality of memory devices, a memory device associated with the physical block address. The AIOE converts the I/O command received via the serial interface to a parallel interface compliant I/O command. The AIOE sends the parallel interface compliant I/O command to the memory device.

Abstract: To facilitate storage of data from plural data sources of an industrial automation control system, power distribution system or power generation system, a decision making device executes a machine learning algorithm to determine a compression technique in dependence on the data source from which data originates.

Abstract: This regional energy management device calculates the power interchange between consumers, on the basis of: storage battery level distribution indicating the relationship between storage battery levels and the position of storage batteries in a region at each time; excess or shortages of power for each consumer at each time, if a consumer has implemented a power supply equipment operation plan for fulfilling a consumer target index for that consumer; and an overall regional target index.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for provisioning an alternative energy source generator operable with a gateway in communication with a web portal are provided herein. In one embodiment, the method includes entering system information into the gateway, and transmitting the system information to the web portal. The method also includes validating the system information, determining configuration information for the alternative energy source generator in response to validation of the system information, and transmitting the configuration information to the gateway. The method also includes initiating a discovery process to ascertain discovery information for the alternative energy source generator in response to the configuration information, and transmitting the discovery information to the web portal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimal power flow-based hierarchical control method for a distributed energy storage system (ESS), where the method divides control of an energy storage cluster into three layers, performs primary and secondary control to realize intra-cluster control, and performs tertiary control to realize inter-cluster control. In the primary control, droop coefficients are set to realize intra-cluster basic power distribution. In the secondary control, a frequency/voltage shift and uneven power distribution that are caused by a droop are compensated for based on a consistency algorithm. In the tertiary control, a central controller is set, a solution of an optimal power flow is calculated and delivered to each cluster as a control signal, and the control signal is tracked in real time through the secondary control and the primary control. The method adjusts a reference voltage of each energy storage cluster without requiring a common bus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining an operational parameter indicative of the power capability of an energy storage system (ESS) of a vehicle, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining a state temperature of the ESS; determining an acceptable temperature increase of the ESS for a given time period based on the determined state temperature of the ESS and a maximum temperature threshold of ESS, the maximum temperature threshold being indicative of any one of a safety temperature level of the ESS and an operational life time temperature level of the ESS; and determining a maximum operational power level of the ESS for the given time period based on the determined acceptable temperature increase of the ESS.

Abstract: Methods of determining if it is safe to restore service to a gas meter remotely are provided. The method includes determining if any pre-existing conditions are present in the gas meter responsive to issuance of a restore command to restore service from a remote location. The pre-existing conditions indicates that safety test results are unreliable. If it is determined that no pre-existing conditions are present, a valve on the gas meter is opened to fill the gas meter with gas until the gas meter reaches a predefined fill state. It is determined if pressure in the gas meter is stable at the predefined fill state and the valve on the gas meter is closed if the pressure is stabilized. A pressure decay test is performed after the valve on the gas meter is closed. The valve to restore gas flow is opened if the pressure decay test passes.

Abstract: A wearable device may include an article configured to be worn by a user and a sensor array coupled with the article. The sensor array may be configured to obtain force data, among other data. A system can receive information generated by the wearable device utilized to perform a task. The information may include motion data indicating a motion of the wearable device and the force data indicating a force applied to the wearable device. The force data may be obtained from the sensor array generating digital outputs. The system can control a robotic device to perform a robotic motion based on the motion data and apply a robotic force based on the force data to repeat the task. The robotic device may include a sensor array to determine a force applied to the robotic device for controlling the robotic force. Other aspects are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A dispatching method for an electric-hydrogen energy system considering flexible hydrogen demand includes establishing an electric load flexibility equation, a power purchase and sale constraint equation, a renewable energy output constraint equation, a hydrogen load flexibility equation, an electricity-to-hydrogen production safety operation constraint equation and an electric power balance constraint equation, establishing an electric-hydrogen energy system dispatching model with the lowest operating cost of the electric-hydrogen energy system within the dispatching cycle as an objective function, and solving the electric-hydrogen energy system dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching result. As compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively solve the problem of coordination between electric and hydrogen energy flows, while taking into account the flexibility of electric and hydrogen loads, further providing additional flexibility to the operation of the system.

Abstract: A load control system for controlling an electrical load in a space of a building occupied by an occupant may include a controller configured to determine the location of the occupant, and a load control device configured to automatically control the electrical load in response to the location of the occupant. The load control system may include a mobile device adapted to be located on or immediately adjacent the occupant and configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The load control device may be configured to automatically control the electrical load when the mobile device is located in the space. The load control system may further comprise an occupancy sensor and the load control device may automatically control the electrical load when the occupancy sensor indicates that the space is occupied and the mobile device is located in the space.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, computer-readable media, and methods related to modeling on multivariate time series data overlaid with event data. In particular, some examples involve selecting one or more historical time series data arrays similar to a recent time series data array and filtering the similar historical time series data arrays based on event data. Some examples can also involve training a localized temporal forecasting model using the filtered historical time series data arrays. Some examples can include building and/or training the localized temporal forecasting model at or near a time that a forecast is needed.

Abstract: A thermostat for a building space can include a processing circuit. The processing circuit can cause building equipment to heat or cool the building space via one or more heating outputs or one or more cooling outputs. The processing circuit can record the length of time that the processing circuit causes the building equipment to heat or cool the building space. The processing circuit can simulate a thermal plant model to determine a simulated runtime, wherein the thermal plant model is a thermal plant model of the building space and the building equipment. The processing circuit can determine a number of hours saved based on the simulated runtime and the recorded length of time.

Abstract: A method and system of controlling the time dependent transfer of electrical power between a first electrical network and a second electrical network is disclosed. The first electrical network is operable to provide instantaneous electrical power to the second electrical network located at a location, the second electrical network includes electrical generating capacity at the location based on stored energy accessible at the location. The method and system involves receiving at the second electrical network pricing information from the first electrical network, the pricing information associated with the future supply of electrical power by the first electrical network to the second electrical network and then modifying substantially in real time the transfer of electrical power between the first and second electrical networks in accordance with the pricing information and the electricity demand characteristics of the location.

Abstract: Physical and/or financial instruments may optimally hedge the cash flow of one or more renewable energy generators based on a desired risk and return profile of renewable infrastructure investors. Baseline revenues may be determined based on forward-looking electricity market price scenarios corresponding to qualified market products intended for sale from the renewable energy generators. Risk and return metrics of cash flows of the renewable energy generators may be determined. At least one physical hedge and/or financial hedge may be added. The size and operation of the renewable energy generators along with any physical hedges, or financial hedges, or both physical and financial hedges, may be optimized across multiple market price scenarios of qualified market products to optimize investor-tailored risk and return utility functions.

Abstract: The invention discloses a system for dynamic management and control of a lithium battery energy storage system and an electronic device. A battery management system (BMS) is configured to read a present operation data stream of each cell. A diagnosis apparatus is configured to extract a key battery parameter of said each cell from the present operation data stream and consistency thereof, compare the key battery parameter with historical data to determine whether a battery module fails, generate a control parameter according to a diagnosis result, and transmit the present operation data stream to an intelligent gateway and the control parameter to the BMS and an energy management system (EMS), to cause the EMS to dynamically change a charging/discharging control parameter for the battery energy storage system according to a present state of the battery energy storage system.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to hot water heaters 1 that are for the use of using electricity to store heat energy for current or later use. In some embodiments, the heat energy is stored in Thermal Energy Storage 7 (TES) to store excess electrical energy for the later use of heating water. The present disclosure also relating to several species of the invention which relate to the water tank 1 being a Grid Interactive Water Heater (GIWH). Some of the embodiments disclose methods of storing heat energy at a lower temperature than the hot water in the tank, which avoids being limited to phase change materials that phase change withing the narrow range of the hot water temperature. Another embodiment makes hydrogen for the use of heating water. Another uses the exhaust heat from a heat engine to improve the overall efficiency over common CHP water heaters.

Abstract: A system for controlling power in a facility having an electrical system including an energy storage device and a generator and an associated fuel tank. The fuel tank provides fuel to the generator and has a gauge indicating remaining fuel. Both the energy storage device and the generator operate. The generator may be used to provide power to the facility, the energy storage device, or both simultaneously. A first power consuming device imposes a first load connected to the electrical system and second power consuming device imposes a second load connected to the electrical system. The system receives information related to the loads and calculates an initial estimated run time of the energy storage device, and information related to the first load and information related to the second load. The system selectively removes the second load in a simulation and calculates a second run time of the energy storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for controlling 4 a process within a system, particularly a combustion process in a boiler or furnace, comprising the following steps: capturing 1 of state variables (st) of the system; creating 2 an interference model, which describes the effects of interference-based system changes (vt) on the state variables (st) of the system; creating 3 a process model, which describes the effects of setting actions (at) on the state variables (st) of the system; and controlling 4 the process within the system by performing setting actions (at) by considering the process model, the interference model and predetermined controlling goals.

Abstract: A method of analytical calculation of power supply reliability indexes of a power distribution network includes (A1) acquiring parameters of the power distribution network; (A2) building a reliability calculation model, which includes treating the power distribution network as a node-branch calculation unit and numbering nodes and branches in the power distribution network; (A3) building correlation matrices, and calculating a power supply path matrix and a tie-line matrix, wherein the correlation matrices are a node-branch association matrix, a section switch matrix and a fuse matrix; (A4) deriving a fault incidence matrix through the power supply path matrix, the section switch matrix, the fuse matrix and the tie-line matrix, and calculating the reliability indexes of the nodes and the power distribution network; and (A5) identifying vulnerable links by performing sensitivity analysis through partial derivative transformation for quantifiable parameters or perturbation transformation for unquantifiable para

Abstract: Techniques for performing an emissions demand response (EDR) event are described. In an example, a cloud-based HVAC control system may obtain a first emissions rate forecast and generate an EDR event with a start time and end time based on the first emissions rate forecast. The EDR event may then be transmitted to a thermostat and stored in a memory of the thermostat. At the start time, the thermostat may commence controlling an HVAC system according to the EDR event. After the start time and prior to the end time, the cloud-based HVAC control system may obtain a second emissions rate forecast and generate a modified EDR event with a modified end time. The modified EDR event may be transmitted to the thermostat before the end time and/or the modified end time whereupon the thermostat may control the HVAC system accordingly until the modified end time is reached.