Abstract: A transmitter with a DC detection circuit that can control when a modulator of the transmitter is active. When data is being transmitted, a tone introduced by a mixer in the transmit path is hidden by the data signal and has minimal effect on the transmit path. However, when there is no data, the tone can cause undesirable noise. A modulator may move the tone or noise outside of the transmitter's bandwidth. As the data can hide the tone, the DSM may only be needed when there is a DC signal. By activating the DSM only when a DC signal is detected, the extra power introduced by the modulator can be reduced while eliminating in-band noise.

Abstract: A method for predicting a clamp force using a convolutional neural network includes: generating a cepstrum image from a signal processing analysis apparatus; extracting a characteristic image by multiplying a predetermined weight value to pixels of the generated cepstrum image through artificial intelligence learning; extracting, as a representative image, the largest pixel from the extracted characteristic image; synthesizing an image by synthesizing the extracted representative image information; and predicting a clamp force by comparing the synthesized image with a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method for testing an analog-to-digital converter is disclosed. In an implementation, the method may include providing input data to analog-to-digital converter circuitry. The analog-to-digital converter circuitry generates an output code based upon the input data. The method includes generating expected output code based upon the corresponding input data and generating an output code error signal based upon the difference of the output code and the expected output code. A predicted code error signal is modeled based upon corresponding code. The method also includes generating a noise error signal representing a difference between the output code error signal and the predicted code error.

Abstract: An electret type vibration detection system has a vibration-powered generator that performs vibration-induced power generation by displacing on a basis of external vibration an electret group formed of a plurality of electrets and an electrode group having a plurality of electrode pairs in a relative movement direction to output a vibration-induced voltage between electrodes of the electrode pair, and a transfer function memory section that stores transfer function information that defines a correlation between a vibration velocity of the external vibration and an output power voltage of the vibration-powered generator in a range of a predetermined frequency included in the external vibration, wherein the transfer function information contains a transfer coefficient set according to each of a plurality of frequencies belonging to the predetermined frequency range to place the vibration velocity of the external vibration and the output power voltage of the vibration-powered generator in a predetermined proport

Abstract: A spectrum analyzer for measuring an RF signal over a selected frequency span configured to use multiple Intermediate Frequencies (IFs) for residual, spurious and image signal reduction. The spectrum analyzer has both a primary IF path and a secondary IF path configured to provide band pass filtering of the IF signals. A master clock synthesizer is configured to reduce residual noise by providing from a single Voltage Controlled Oscillator, a master clock signal and a Local Oscillator (LO) signal. The spectrum analyzer has a microcontroller configured to change the frequency of the master clock signal and the LO signal if the center frequency of the selected span is sufficiently close to a known spurious signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the acquisition of color images by a sensor including a plurality of photosites comprising spectral sensitivities that can to be different between photosites. The invention provides for a digital processing of signals emitted by the photosites, which comprises applying a spatial-chromatic transfer function to said signals, taking into account a variety of spectral sensitivities of the photosites. The sensor can then be devoid of a physical matrix of color filters. Spectral calibration of the sensor is also provided for this purpose, thus comprising the following steps: obtaining spectral sensitivity data of each photosite (S91), building a spatial-chromatic transfer function (S94) taking into account a variety of said spectral sensitivities of the photosites, and applying same to the signals emitted by the photosites in order to compensate for the aforementioned variety of sensitivities.

Abstract: A microbolometer comprises an array of sensor elements or ‘pixels’ each individually responsive to generate an output indicative of the intensity of infrared radiation incident thereupon. In practice there are significant non-uniformities in the response of each pixel and further processing of the outputs must take place to generate an accurate image. These non-uniformities are dealt with by means of individual correction factors to be applied to the outputs of each pixel in the image. Commonly, the correction used provides a constant offset (1pt) and a linear gain correction (2pt). As the optimal values of these corrections drifts over time it is still necessary to provide further correction.

Abstract: Provided are a decoding apparatus, a decoding method and a receiving apparatus for decoding in a system supporting an OFDM/OFDMA scheme. The decoding method includes the steps of: receiving phase-modulated signal; performing subcarrier demodulation on the received signal and generating correlation metrics; generating decoding metrics using the correlation metrics; and determining a payload using the largest metric of the decoding metrics and at least one of an average metric and the second largest metric of the decoding metrics.

Abstract: A microcomputer which constitutes an ECU transmits a start/stop signal and a crank angle signal to an analog input circuit. The analog input circuit is activated when the start/stop signal is received. The A/D converter converts a sensor signal into a digital signal. The digital processor detects a peak value of the digital signal. A counter restarts a counting operation when the crank angle signal is received. A data register sends a detected data of the peak value as a specified information adding by a count value and an information of the crank angle signal to the microcomputer. The microcomputer acquires the crank angle of the specified information by computing the crank angle from the detected data.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for signal period stretch and ultra-fast serial-to-parallel/parallel-to-serial conversion, which relate to the technical field of analysis and measurement control. The method is to change a propagation velocity of a target signal or displacement-reflecting the target signal, so as to extend or compress the period of the signal. Displacement-reflection is to generate a Doppler shift through interaction of the displacement of a reflecting plate with the target signal, so as to achieve period stretch; for a signal transmitted through a medium, the propagation velocity of the target signal is changed by changing the property of the medium, so as to achieve period stretch; for a signal ascribed to an electron flow, the movement velocity of the electron beam is changed through a varying acceleration field, so as to achieve period stretch.

Abstract: Described herein is technology for, among other things, reducing offset errors in RMS-to-DC converters. The technology involves generating first and second feedback signals with first and second feedback paths respectively. A multiplier is then employed to receive first and second signals and provide a third signal based on multiplying the first signal and the second signal. The first signal is based on an input signal and the first feedback signal, and the second signal is based on the input signal and the second feedback signal. A chopper is then employed to receive an output signal, which is based on the third signal, and a chopping signal, and in turn provide a fourth signal based on multiplying the output signal with the chopping signal. As a consequence, the fourth signal represents the output signal shifted to a frequency different than that of low-frequency noise components of the first and second signals.

Abstract: One example embodiment includes a testing device. The testing device comprises a signal reception element, an out-of-band detector and testing logic. The signal reception element is configured to receive a physical layer signal from a communication module via a physical link and to produce an incoming double modulated signal, the incoming double modulated signal including a high-speed data signal and an out-of-band data signal. The out-of-band data signal comprises diagnostic data of the communication module. The out-of-band detector is coupled to the signal reception element and is configured to extract the out-of-band data signal from the incoming double modulated signal. The testing logic is coupled to the out-of-band detector and is configured to extract and analyze the diagnostic data from the out-of-band data signal.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for correlating overhead sky clearness for use in photovoltaic fleet output estimation is provided. A temporal distance that includes a physical distance between two locations, which are each within a geographic region suitable for operation of a photovoltaic fleet, is determined in proportion to cloud speed within the geographic region. A set of input sky clearness indexes is generated as a ratio of each irradiance observation in a set of irradiance observations that has been regularly measured for one of the locations within the geographic region, and clear sky irradiance. A clearness index correlation coefficient between the two locations is determined as an empirically-derived function of the temporal distance. The set of input sky clearness indexes is weighted by the clearness index correlation coefficient to form a set of output sky clearness indexes, which indicates the sky clearness for the other of the locations.

Abstract: A method, an adapter and a system including a medical device and an adapter. The adapter receives patient scale data (e.g., height and weight data) from a scale. The patient scale data is in a first format data generally not interpretable by a vital sign monitoring device. The adapter translates the patient scale data into a second format compatible with the vital sign monitoring device. The adapter then outputs the translated data to the vital sign monitoring device. The scale and adapter may be coupled via a universal serial bus (USB) connection. The adapter and vital sign monitoring device may be coupled via one of a USB connection and an RS-232 connection. The patient data may be stored in an electronic health records (EHR) database by the vital sign monitoring device.

Abstract: A process is provided for the electronic monitoring of the on-board power supply system, or parts of the on-board power supply system, of a motor vehicle with respect to voltage peaks or voltage drops. The value of the electric voltage is continuously recorded, and a comparator circuit continuously compares a first earlier voltage value with a subsequently determined second voltage value. The comparator circuit keeps available for a predetermined time period the highest voltage value recorded up to that point-in-time.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for determining the rotational direction and/or rotational speed of a rotatable body on the basis of a sine signal and cosine signal, which is assignable to the rotational direction and/or rotational speed of the rotatable body and are output by a sensor, having at least one of the following steps: recording a sine signal and cosine signal, which is assignable to the rotational direction and/or rotational speed, at a point in time; determining a phase value from the sine signal and cosine signal; recording sine signals and cosine signals, which is assignable to the rotational direction and/or rotational speed, at points in time; determining phase values from the corresponding sine signals and cosine signals; calculating phase differences from the phase values and the phase value; and determining the rotational direction and/or rotational speed from the phase differences on the basis of a Vernier method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling the operating mode of an internal combustion engine (1) comprising several cylinders (3) and an injection system (4) with one injection unit (5) per cylinder (3). According to said method: a digital measuring signal, which characterizes the combustion of fuel (6) in the internal combustion engine (1), is first determined; said digital measuring signal is then transformed into a frequency range; a misfiring of the ignition is detected using the amplitude information of the transformed measuring signal and if a misfiring has occurred, the injection of the individual cylinders (3) is deactivated sequentially for a predefined period and for each cylinder the corresponding digital measuring signal that characterizes said cylinder is determined and transformed into the frequency range and a misfiring cylinder (3) is identified during the evaluation of the transformed measuring signal using the amplitude information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for identifying an islanding condition. In one embodiment, the method comprises altering a phase error response within a phase locked loop (PLL), and determining whether the islanding condition exists based on the altered phase error response.

Abstract: A method for transforming machine sensor data between a time domain and a combustion pulse domain is disclosed. The method may include determining a number of pulse events per rotation of a shaft and determining a sampling rate per pulse event. The method may also include sampling one or more sensors at the sampling rate per pulse event. The method also may include transforming the samples into the combustion pulse domain.

Abstract: A method of measuring a power quality index. A total current waveform of an ingress from a customer, and a current waveform and a voltage waveform of each of at least one load installed at the customer are measured. A load composition (LC) of the customer using the total current waveform of the ingress and the current waveform of each of the at least one load is computed. A total harmonic distortion (THD) of each of the at least one load using the current waveform and the voltage waveform of each of the at least one load is computed. Thereafter, a distortion power quality index (DPQI) of each of the at least one load using the LC and the THD is computed.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for estimating power data for a photovoltaic power generation fleet is provided. Solar irradiance data is assembled for locations representative of a geographic region. The data includes a time series of solar irradiance observations electronically recorded at successive time periods spaced at input time intervals. Each observation includes measured irradiance. The data in the time series is converted over each time period into clearness indexes relative to clear sky global horizontal irradiance and the clearness indexes are interpreted as irradiance statistics. Each location's irradiance statistics are combined into fleet irradiance statistics applicable over the geographic region. Fleet power statistics are built as a function of the fleet irradiance statistics and the fleet's power rating.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for determining point-to-point correlation of sky clearness for photovoltaic power generation fleet output estimation is provided. A physical distance between two points is obtained, each point being suitable for operation of a photovoltaic station. A temporal distance that includes the physical distance between the two points in proportion to cloud speed is determined. A correlation between sky clearness over the two points is evaluated as an empirically-derived exponential function of the temporal distance. A set of input clearness indexes for one of the points is correlated into a set of output clearness indexes indicating the sky clearness for the other of the points using a coefficient of the clearness index correlation.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for efficiently performing area-to-point conversion of satellite imagery for photovoltaic power generation fleet output estimation is provided. Satellite imagery data of overhead sky clearness for a geographic region is accessed. Pixels within the satellite imagery data corresponding to a bounded area are identified. Each pixel represents collective irradiance within the bounded area. An area clearness index for the bounded area is set as an average of point clearness indexes derived from the collective irradiance for each point. A variance of the area clearness index is expressed as an average of the variance of the point clearness indexes. The variance of the area clearness index is proportioned to an area metric corresponding to each pixel's physical coverage area. A variance of the point clearness index is determined for one point as a ratio of the variance of the area clearness index and each pixel's physical coverage.

Abstract: A spectrum analyzer for measuring an RF signal over a selected frequency span configured to use multiple Intermediate Frequencies (IFs) for residual, spurious and image signal reduction. The spectrum analyzer has both a primary IF path and a secondary IF path configured to provide band pass filtering of the IF signals. A master clock synthesizer is configured to reduce residual noise by providing from a single Voltage Controlled Oscillator, a master clock signal and a Local Oscillator (LO) signal. The spectrum analyzer has a microcontroller configured to change the frequency of the master clock signal and the LO signal if the center frequency of the selected span is sufficiently close to a known spurious signal.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for monitoring a processing system is disclosed. The method includes obtaining N parameter-value pairs that include a first parameter value and a second parameter value; obtaining, for each parameter-value pair, the product of the first parameter value and the complex conjugate of the second parameter value to obtain N products defined by a real part and an imaginary part; obtaining, for each parameter-value pair, a product of the second parameter value and the complex conjugate of the second parameter value to obtain N real numbers; calculating an average reflection coefficient by dividing an imaginary number by an average of the N real numbers, the real component of the imaginary number being equal to the average of the real parts of the N products and the imaginary part of the imaginary number being equal to an average of the imaginary parts of the N products.

Abstract: A compensation table for compensating interference signal obtained by OCT measurement is generated easily. When a reflection body interference signal is obtained by OCT measurement, the reflection body interference signal is compensated by a compensation table (Formula (1)) to obtain an evaluation output signal. Then, a spectrum of the evaluation output signal is calculated to obtain an evaluation value of the spectrum. Thereafter, a model coefficient is updated such that the evaluation value becomes small.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anti-islanding of distributed power generation systems having an inverter comprising a phase locked loop (PLL), a phase shift generator for injecting a phase shift into the PLL during at least one sample period, and a phase error signature monitor for monitoring at least one phase error response of the PLL during the at least one sample period.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for providing remote monitoring of a power device or power delivery system. In architecture, the system includes a remote device for performing the operation. The remote device comprises a power condition detection circuitry and a memory circuitry that stores information describing the power condition of the power device. Moreover, the remote device further comprises a transmission circuitry that transmits the information of the power condition to the service device for analysis. The present invention can also be viewed as a method for providing remote monitoring of a power device. The method operates by (1) detecting a power condition of the power device; (2) storing information describing the power condition of the power device; and (3) transmitting the information of the power condition to the service device for analysis.

Abstract: A baseline processing device and method are provided for analyzing signals with uneven distributions of pulses and slow varying baselines. In one embodiment, the device includes an A/D sampling unit for sampling a digital counting signal to obtain sampled data, and a baseline extracting unit for sorting the N sampled data in the sampling sequence by magnitude and for outputting, among the N sample data, one sample data A with a value equal to the mid-value in the N sample data. A phase compensating unit with a width of M, to which a digital signal is input, outputs a sampled data B according to a FIFO sequence, wherein M=N/2. A first subtractor subtracts the sample data A from the sample data B and outputs the result as baseline removed data.

Abstract: A method of measuring a power quality index, including: measuring a total current waveform of an ingress from a customer, and a current waveform and a voltage waveform of each of at least one load installed at the customer; computing a load composition (LC) of the customer using the total current waveform of the ingress and the current waveform of each of the at least one load; computing a total harmonic distortion (THD) of each of the at least one load using the current waveform and the voltage waveform of each of the at least one load; and computing a distortion power quality index (DPQI) of each of the at least one load using the LC and the THD.

Abstract: Described herein is technology for, among other things, reducing offset errors in RMS-to-DC converters. The technology involves generating first and second feedback signals with first and second feedback paths respectively. A multiplier is then employed to receive first and second signals and provide a third signal based on multiplying the first signal and the second signal. The first signal is based on an input signal and the first feedback signal, and the second signal is based on the input signal and the second feedback signal. A chopper is then employed to receive an output signal, which is based on the third signal, and a chopping signal, and in turn provide a fourth signal based on multiplying the output signal with the chopping signal. As a consequence, the fourth signal represents the output signal shifted to a frequency different than that of low-frequency noise components of the first and second signals.

Abstract: A method for transforming machine sensor data between a time domain and a combustion pulse domain is disclosed. The method may include determining a number of pulse events per rotation of a shaft and determining a sampling rate per pulse event. The method may also include sampling one or more sensors at the sampling rate per pulse event. The method also may include transforming the samples into the combustion pulse domain.

Abstract: A device for measuring intensity of a transmitted light, includes a first measuring unit that measures a first intensity of a light transmitted through a medium on a conveying path in its thickness direction and outputs a first measured value; a second measuring unit that is arranged adjacent to the first measuring unit, measures a second intensity of the light transmitted through the medium in the thickness direction, and outputs a second measured value; and an operating unit that obtains a true measured value from the first measured value and the second measured value.

Abstract: A system and a method for estimating a state vector associated with a battery are provided. The method includes determining a time interval that the battery has been electrically decoupled from a load circuit. The time interval starts at a first time. The method further includes obtaining a first state vector associated with the battery from a memory. The first state vector is determined prior to the first time. The method further includes calculating a second predicted state vector associated with the battery based on the first state vector and the time interval.

Abstract: A system and method for characterizing the jitter of a periodic signal. Samples of the signal are taken with a sampling device. A set of samples representing a particular value of the signal in multiple cycles of the periodic signal is collected. Those values are formed into a histogram. The histogram is matched to a probability distribution function. By identifying parameters that shape the probability distribution function to match the histogram of actual samples, characteristics of the jitter are determined. This technique may be employed as part of the calibration or verification of the jitter injection instrument such as might be used for testing semiconductor devices. Measurements may be made with a sampling device that is calibrated to NIST standards. In this way, the jitter measurements become NIST traceable.

Abstract: A method for determining the thermal efficiency of a heat sink for an electrical component includes determining an estimated temperature of the heat sink, determining an actual temperature of the heat sink, and determining a thermal efficiency of the heat sink based on a comparison of the estimated temperature of the heat sink to the actual temperature of the heat sink. A related diagnostic system is provided.

Abstract: Apparatus for compensating for a coupling error in an input signal may include a blocking correction filter. The blocking correction filter is in operable connection with an AC coupling circuit. The blocking correction filter applies to the input signal a transfer function including a settling parameter and a time constant of the AC coupling circuit.

Abstract: A circuit and method for using hardware to calculate a first derivative of the number of performance events that occur in a microprocessor during a predetermined period of time. This first derivative indicates a frequency of such performance events, which can be used as either a predictor of future problems or needs, or may be used to invoke a corrective action.

Abstract: A method for interpreting the current distribution of an object being measured using basis vector components calculated from the measured signals. The components in question have been so selected that they describe the features, as independent as possible, of the current distribution being examined, which enhances the computation and makes it more accurate. This is achieved by converting the measured signals into a more natural form from the standpoint of the current distribution while totally eliminating the signals associated with the external interferences. After the conversion, the source modeling is performed in an optimal manner using the basis vector components of the signal space instead of the actual measurement signals. One substantial feature of the invention is that after the conversion, the source model need not be regularized any more.

Abstract: A method to precisely differentiate the heavily overlapped electrical properties (electrical impedance or complex dielectric permittivity) measured from a system (a biological tissue, a body, a material, or a device, etc.).

Abstract: A measure system for signal measurement is introduced. The measure system simplifies the effort for a signal measurement in many applications. The application for a signal measurement is, for example, computation of a signal average value. The measure system includes a digital computation circuit together with an analog to digital converter (ADC) to constitute a compact signal measurement component. With the proposed design, a general microcontroller can proceed with a signal level sense and control with very few CPU power. In addition, the proposed system can be integrated with other analog or digital signal processing circuitry to form a single silicon chip.

Abstract: An AC power supply includes a digital feedback loop for output regulation. The feedback loop generates an RMS control signal that is mixed with a desired waveform to produce an input for a feedback loop that generates an instantaneous control signal. The instantaneous control signal is used to regulate power supply output.

Abstract: A method of processing oscillatory response data from a resonant system includes: obtaining data measuring an oscillatory response of the system at a plurality of evenly spaced time intervals; obtaining a plurality of reference frequencies from the data at a plurality of times in the data, each reference frequency preferably being the natural frequency of a mode of the response at the respective time or an estimate of the natural frequency; and transforming the data to an uneven data set having unevenly spaced time intervals by adjusting the evenly spaced time intervals according to the values of the measured reference frequencies. The method can transform non-stationary response data to make it effectively stationary, and thus in a more useful form for further analysis. A method of analysing a resonant system and an apparatus for processing oscillatory response data are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for determining minimum operation and startup for a generator are described herein. A method and system according to the invention may include assigning a binary value to one or more commitment status variables each associated with an increment of time. The method and system may also assign a binary value to a time-dependent startup status variable. The method and system may implement the following constraints. The startup status variable minus the current commitment variable plus the subsequent previous commitment status variable is greater than or equal to zero, the startup status variable plus the subsequent previous commitment status variable is less than or equal to one, and the startup status variable minus the current commitment status variable is less than or equal to zero.

Abstract: A wireless metering device for real time measuring of at least one parameter has a probe for measuring the at least one parameter. The probe will wirelessly transmit real time measured values. A meter is wirelessly coupled to the probe. The meter is used for displaying the real time measured values.

Abstract: A monitoring system includes a plurality of monitoring devices adjacently provided to a group of integrated fuel cell stacks for measuring a voltage of the fuel cell units. Each of the monitoring devices includes a plurality of monitoring sensors adapted for electrically connecting to a predetermined set of fuel cell units and a MCU (Micro-Chip-Unit) for sequentially and circularly switching each two neighboring monitoring sensors for reading the voltage of each respective fuel cell. A CAN bus is provided for electrically and collectively interconnecting the monitoring devices with a central operator which is arranged in such a manner that when said the voltage of the respective fuel cell unit exceeds a safety range, the central operator generates an alert signal for indicating an abnormal operation of the respective fuel cell.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for measuring an RMS voltage of an arbitrary time-varying waveform includes: a) coupling said arbitrary time-varying waveform to said thermally sensitive device; b) decoupling said arbitrary time-varying waveform from said thermally sensitive device; c) coupling said thermally sensitive device to said controlled DC voltage source; d) measuring a current through said thermally sensitive device at least two points in time; e) determining a change in said current over said at least two points in time; f) if said current is increasing between said at least two points in time, then decrease said controlled DC voltage source responsive to determining that said current is increasing; g) if said current is decreasing between said at least two points in time, then increase said controlled DC voltage source responsive to determining that said current is decreasing; and h) repeating steps a)–g).

Abstract: In lieu of the common practice of attempting to maximize the likelihood of sample deviations from unknown true values, representations of data inversions are generated by implementing optimizing techniques which are based upon a concept of maximizing the likelihood of deviations of successively determined inversion-conforming data sets from previously acquired (hence invarient) data- point samples. Inversion-conforming data sets are considered to be sets of coordinate points which correspond to the projection of respective data points along corresponding coordinates onto a fitting approximation or onto the locus of any respectively rendered approximating relationship which corresponds to a data inversion or a considered estimate of the same.

Abstract: A method for performing an availability measurement on a networked system comprising: identifying at least one measurement point in the system; defining a measurement model configured to return a pass or fail result corresponding to a threshold sensed at the at least one measurement point; measuring the system using the measurement model; populating a table with results from the measurement, the table including rows corresponding to measurement points and columns corresponding to measurement functions for multiple measurements; and aggregating the measurement criteria row results to formulate a single availability value representing the availability of the system.

Abstract: An extended partial least squares (EPLS) approach for the condition monitoring of industrial processes is described. This EPLS approach provides two statistical monitoring charts to detect abnormal process behaviour as well as contribution charts to diagnose this behaviour. A theoretical analysis of the EPLS monitoring charts is provided, together with two application studies to show that the EPLS approach is either more sensitive or provides easier interpretation than conventional PLS.