Abstract: The present disclosure relates to diagnosing and locating fluid leakage within a pneumatic system (5) using a minimal amount of pressure sensors (55, 75, 89). In general, each branch (51, 71, 85) of a pneumatic system (5) includes an associated pressure sensor (55, 75, 89) and in accordance with how the pneumatic components (57, 59, 61, 77, 91, 93, 95) associated with the pneumatic branch (51, 71, 85) are toggled and monitored, leaks can be detected and located within the branch (51, 71, 85) using a minimal amount of pressure sensors (55, 75, 89). More specifically, pressure and pressure decay may be measured by the sensors (55, 75, 89) within a branch (51, 71, 85) while the pneumatic components (57, 59, 61, 77, 91, 93, 95) are in a particular configuration. The configuration is thereafter changed, and pressure and pressure decay are again measured by the sensors (55, 75, 89). The results of these two measurements may enable the pneumatic system (5) to derive the presence and location of a leak.

Abstract: A refuse collection vehicle has various hydraulic actuators including at least one cylinder with an internal seal. A sensor is responsive to movement of the piston and sends a signal to a controller to indicate piston movement information during an associated vehicle body component movement. The controller is configured to determine a motion characteristic of the piston during a predetermined body component movement, compare the determined motion characteristic to a stored reference motion characteristic, and in response to determining that a difference between the determined motion characteristic and the reference motion characteristic is greater than a predetermined value, trigger an indication that the refuse collection vehicle is in need of service.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for efficiently arranging equipment. A method of arranging equipment in a plant for processing a fluid includes: calculating a risk; obtained by multiplying a probability that flowing-out of a fluid requiring use of the equipment occurs by an impact degree of the flowing-out of the fluid; setting a distance of a range in which the equipment is arrangeable so that, when the calculated risks of a plurality of devices are compared with each other, the range in which the equipment is arrangeable is shorter for a device for which the risk is high, and the range is longer for a device for which the risk is low; and then determining a position to arrange the equipment based on positions at which the plurality of devices are arranged in the plant, and on the distance of the range in which the equipment is arrangeable.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for developing a model to predict humidity (relative, absolute) values inside a closed housing with an absorbent filter. In an example, a methane sensor that includes an internal atmospheric sensor and an external atmospheric sensor can be placed at a site. A computing device can use measurements from the atmospheric sensors to calculate predicted relative and absolute humidity values inside the methane sensor. The computing device can train a gaussian process regression model to calibrate sensor data based on the external temperature and humidity. When the model predicts the ambient methane within a predetermined degree of allowance, the model can be applied to live readings from methane sensors in the field.

Abstract: Liquid flow detection is described herein. One method for liquid flow detection includes heating a zone of liquid in a closed system, measuring changes in liquid temperature of the zone, and detecting a liquid flow pattern based on the measured changes in liquid temperature of the zone.

Abstract: Electrical circuits, systems, methods, and/or computer program products that can facilitate isolation resistance monitoring for high voltage buses are addressed. In one example, a system can comprise an electrical circuit further comprising one or more resistors and a voltage meter which measures voltage, such that the voltage measurement assists with monitoring isolation resistance, simultaneously, for a smartcell system of an electric vehicle, and for a direct current (DC) charging source external to the electric vehicle.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the disclosed apparatus is a process cooling-water isolation system used in a process tool. The system includes an isolation valve coupled between a water supply and an inlet of one or more components in a process-module water-cooling circuit. An open device allows cooling water to flow to the one or more components, while a close device prevents cooling water from flowing to the one or more components. At least one water-leak sensor is coupled to the close device to detect a water leak within the process tool. A check valve having an inlet port is coupled to an outlet of the one or more components, and an outlet port is coupled to a water-return reservoir. The check valve prevents water from back-flowing from the water-return reservoir into the one or more components. Other apparatuses and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: Hydrostatic test tool 100 comprises frame 161; pressurizer 120; connection system 110; control system 130; data communicator 140; power supply 150; device handler 162; and buoyancy unit 163. Hydrostatic test tool 100 can be used to perform an in situ seal test of subsea equipment connectors with limited support from external systems, allowing optimization of subsea operations by not requiring constant support from underwater vehicle 5, which could be used to perform other tasks while the test is being carried out, optimizing the total time of support vessel 6 and reducing operational cost. Hydrostatic test tool 100 typically requires interfacing with underwater vehicle 5, e.g., an ROV or AUV, only for deployment/installation and data communication, if at all.

Abstract: A hydrogen sensor includes a communication terminal, a plurality of identification terminals, and an ID setting section. The communication terminal is connected to a first communication bus or a second communication bus, and communicate with a vehicle ECU. Each of the plurality of identification terminals is set to either an open state (OPEN) in which the identification terminal is not connected to any potential or a grounded state (GND) in which the identification terminal is connected to a ground potential. The ID setting section sets an identifier in either a standard format or an extended format, according to a difference in the communication bus to which the communication terminal is connected.

Abstract: A leak detection sensor may be capable of dynamically adjusting a sampling time for acoustic data based on monitored fluid flow. The leak detection sensor monitors leak detection information associated with a fluid in a fluid transporting medium over a predetermined time interval, where the leak detection information comprises flow and pressure of the fluid in the fluid transporting medium, and processing the leak detection data monitored at the sampling time in the predetermined time interval, where the sampling time is determined based at least in part on the monitored flow of the fluid.

Abstract: A system and computer-implemented method are provided for enabling control of a physical system based on a state of the physical system which is inferred from sensor data. The system and method may iteratively infer the state by, in an iteration, obtaining an initial inference of the state using a mathematical model representing a prior knowledge-based modelling of the state, and by applying a learned model to the initial inference of the state and the sensor measurement, wherein the learned model has been learned to minimize an error between initial inferences provided by the mathematical model and a ground truth and to provide a correction value as output for correcting the initial inference of the state of the mathematical model. Output data may be provided to an output device to enable control of the physical system based on the inferred state.

Abstract: A state analysis device is capable of determining a state of the interior of piping with high precision, and includes: an index calculation means for deriving an index indicating the state of the piping, based on a flow speed of fluid flowing out of the piping, and a fluid pressure of the interior of the piping at two or more locations of the piping; and a determination means for determining the state of the piping, based on the index.

Abstract: A system for operation and integrity management of a pipeline stores field data obtained from an operational system, and in-line data obtained from an in-line inspection vehicle and external data from a video camera on an external companion device. The system performs data processing on the in-line data and field data to generate input for risk modeling and performs risk modeling of the pipeline using the input to predict a risk of one of a plurality of failure mode states at a portion of the pipeline. The system may initiate risk monitoring for the portion of the pipeline by the operational system and the in-line inspection vehicle.

Abstract: A sound source device and a signal receiver are disposed at first and second ports of a target object, respectively. A sound of a specific frequency of the sound source device is introduced into the target object to generate a resonant sound wave. A computer simulates a signal generated when the resonant sound wave is received by the signal receiver and regarding the signal as reference information. The reference information comprises first data having characteristics of the resonant sound wave, and data having features of an imaginary defect formed on the target object. The features of the imaginary defect correspond to the characteristics of the resonant sound wave. When the target object has a real defect, the sound of the specific frequency of the sound source device is introduced into the target object. Features of the real defect are derived by comparing the first data with the second data.

Abstract: A method for remote pneumatic testing of a piping system is described. A system administering the method may perform a safety check of the piping system. Following the safety check, the system may verify a digital connection between a remote control system and the piping system, and verify a mechanical connection between a pressure source and the piping system. The system may remotely control the disbursement of fluid from the pressure source into the piping system to apply pressure to the piping system. The system may remotely monitor the pressure applied to the piping system, and may determine that a target pressure to a piping system is reached. Responsive to determining that the target pressure is reached, the system may cause a leak check to be performed.

Abstract: It is provided a portable tester for leakage rate of a cylinder of an automobile engine. The portable tester includes a shell; wherein a circuit board and a manifold body are provided in the shell; a throttle hole is provided inside the manifold body, the shell includes a front shell and a rear shell; a display and a control key are provided respectively at an upper end of and at a middle part of the front shell; the circuit board is provided with a decoding drive electrically connected with the display, and a single chip microcomputer unit is provided on the decoding drive and electrically connected with the control key; an air inlet connecter and an air outlet connector are provided at the lower end of the front shell. Two ends of the manifold body are provided with sensors electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer unit.

Abstract: An autonomous marking apparatus comprising a propulsion system, a location sensor, a payload assembly, one or more marking sensors, a transceiver, a data store, and a processor. The location sensor is arranged to determine the location of the apparatus. The payload assembly is arranged to carry a payload of marking material. The one or more marking sensors are arranged to scan an area in proximity to the apparatus. The transceiver is arranged to exchange data with a remote server via a data network. The data store is arranged to store a portion of the data. The processor is arranged to receive data from the location sensor, the one or more marking sensors, and from the transceiver. The processor is also arranged to send data to the transceiver and control the delivery of the payload at the location of the apparatus.

Abstract: A method for fluid flow measurement for a discrete area of a fluid supply network, where the fluid supply network includes a network of pipes that includes a main pipe for transporting fluid from a source into the fluid supply network for delivery to consumers, wherein the main pipe crosses a boundary between the discrete area and a further area of the fluid supply network, which is outside of the discrete area, and a plurality of distribution pipes each transport fluid from the main pipe to a consumer, where fluid pressure and the fluid consumption on at least two selected key metering points located inside and outside of the discrete area are measured, and where the fluid pressure and the fluid consumption measured on these selected key metering points the fluid flow in the main pipe that crosses the boundary of the discrete area is calculated.

Abstract: Dynamic pressure wave propagation can be used in pipelines to provide information about the available, unobstructed diameter and any partial or complete blockages in the pipeline. Based on this information, a system can automatically determine optimal times to launch pipeline inspection gauges for cleaning or other purposes. A pipeline inspection gauge is sometimes referred to as a pig. Certain aspects and features include a system that can launch pigs as needed automatically by activating an automatic multiple pig launcher at appropriate times.

Abstract: A diagnosis apparatus 1 including: a target vibration information generation unit 2 that generates pieces of target vibration information; a comparative relationship information generation unit 3 that generates pieces of comparative relationship information indicating relationships among the pieces of target vibration information, or the pieces of comparative relationship information indicating relationships among pieces of reference vibration information and the pieces of target vibration information, the pieces of reference vibration information indicating vibrations in the target mode among vibrations that are measured in a reference period; and a diagnosis unit 5 that diagnoses that a change has occurred in the structure 20 between the diagnosis period and the reference period based on a result of comparison between a distribution of pieces of reference relationship information and the distribution that has been calculated in relation to the pieces of comparative relationship information.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes: a sensor module including a cylindrical portion into which a measurement target fluid is introduced and a diaphragm including a first surface in contact with the measurement target fluid and a second surface provided with a detector; a joint provided with a pressure introduction port for introducing the measurement target fluid to the sensor module; a cylindrical base member surrounding the sensor module; an electronic circuit attached to the base member to receive a detection signal outputted by the detector; and a temperature sensor electrically connected with the electronic circuit. The temperature sensor includes a temperature detector for detecting temperature, and a lead wire electrically connecting the temperature detector and the electronic circuit. The base member is provided with a receiver for receiving the temperature detector and the lead wire.

Abstract: Automatically pressure testing a frac iron configuration in a wellbore environment including performing a plurality of pressure testing cycles using increasing higher levels of fluid pressure to detect the presence of any leaks in the frac iron at one or more of the pressurization levels.

Abstract: An example acoustic detector includes an acoustic transducer, an analog-to-digital converter, an encryption module, and a wireless communication interface. The acoustic transducer is to be coupled to a solid medium and is configured to generate an electrical signal in response to acoustic waves propagating through the solid medium. The analog-to-digital converter is coupled to the acoustic transducer to convert the electrical signal into digital acoustic data. The encryption module is coupled to encrypt the digital acoustic data to generate encrypted acoustic data and the wireless communication interface is coupled to transmit the encrypted acoustic data via one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a leakage handling device and a method for handling a fluid leakage in a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus can include a lithography apparatus with a chuck configured to hold a substrate, and a photoresist feeder configured to dispatch a coating material on one or more areas of the substrate. The photoresist feeder can include a photoresist cartridge configured to output the coating material, a conduit fluidly connected to the photoresist cartridge, and a fluid leakage handling device disposed above the chuck, where the conduit can be configured to fluidly transport the coating material and circulate a coolant and the fluid leakage handling device can be configured to detect a fluid leakage from the conduit.

Abstract: The present application discloses a metering system for calculating a real-time profit or loss of a gas station, including a metering module, a level gauge of the oil tank, and a communication management machine with a built-in data processing module; the metering module and the level gauge are respectively communicated with the communication management machine; the oil tank, an oil pipeline of the oil tank and an oil inlet of the fuel dispenser are respectively provided with a sensor array module for collecting density data of the oil therein; the sensor array module includes a plurality of oil density sensors; the sensor array modules are communicated with the communication management machine; the built-in data processing module receives and processes data from the metering module, the level gauge and the sensor array modules respectively.

Abstract: A method of detecting a leak event within a wellbore can include inducing a pressure differential within a wellbore comprising a fluid, obtaining a sample data set representative of the acoustic signal across a frequency spectrum while inducing the pressure differential, determining a plurality of frequency domain features of the sample data set, determining a presence of a leak event at one or more depths within the wellbore based on determining that the plurality of frequency domain features match a leak event signature, correlating the leak event with the induced pressure differential, and determining a presence and location of a leak within the wellbore based on the presence of the leak event and the correlating of the leak event with the induced pressure differential.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a natural gas leak detection system generates display content including indicators of remote and local potential leak source areas situated on a map of an area of a gas concentration measurement survey performed by a vehicle-borne device. The remote area may be shaped as a wedge extending upwind from an associated gas concentration measurement point. The local area graphically represents a potential local leak source area situated around the gas concentration measurement point, and having a boundary within a predetermined distance (e.g. 10 meters) of the gas concentration measurement point. The local area may be represented as a circle, ellipse, or other shape, and may include an area downwind from the measurement point. Size and/or shape parameters of the local area indicator may be determined according to survey vehicle speed and direction data, and/or wind speed and direction data characterizing the measurement point.

Abstract: A system and method to check for flow anomalies, such as leaks, in a washer system includes collecting sound information originating from the washer system and collecting an image of the washer system. The system and method are configured to determine a location of a flow anomaly in the washer system based on the sound information and the image of the washer system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer program products, and devices for in-pipeline optical interference-based cognitive systems for leak and defect detection are provided herein. A computer-implemented method includes obtaining optical interference-related data pertaining to at least one interior portion of a pipeline; obtaining multiple items of sensor data pertaining to the at least one interior portion of the pipeline; generating one or more pipeline-irregularity predictions by applying an inference-based algorithm to the optical interference-related data, the multiple items of sensor data, and one or more additional items of data, wherein each of the one or more pipeline-irregularity predictions comprises an identified location within the interior surface of the pipeline of a predicted irregularity and an estimated size of the predicted irregularity; and outputting the one or more pipeline-irregularity predictions to one or more users.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine having a high-pressure fuel injection system stops and starts the engine independently of an intervention by the motor vehicle operator and then restarted. A high-pressure fuel pump is used to pump fuel to a high-pressure reservoir to which at least one high-pressure fuel injector is connected in order to inject fuel into the at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Fuel pressure can be adjusted on the high-pressure side using an electrically actuated pressure reduction valve (PDV).

Abstract: A system for creating an energy performance and predictive model. The system includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium which performs the steps obtaining parametric information objects that represent actual physical objects and modifying the parametric information objects by embedding data related to energy performance characteristics unique to the device represented. The system further performs the steps grouping the modified parametric information objects that define actual real world interrelationships to create a complete virtualized project and parsing the virtualized model data set to create a first parsed data set and a second parsed data set. The first parsed data set creates the project system control application, which acts upon and coordinates the actions of the real device through the virtual field bus.

Abstract: An infrastructure monitoring assembly includes a fire hydrant; a pipe connected in fluid communication with the fire hydrant, a fluid at least partially filling the pipe; a sensor positioned in the fluid, the sensor configured to measure a parameter of the fluid; and a processor connected in communication with the sensor, the processor configured to receive a signal from the sensor.

Abstract: A water drip testing device includes a frame member, a water tank, a drip member, a first carrying member and a second carrying member. The frame member includes an upper portion, a lower portion, and a frame body between the upper and lower portions. The water tank includes a lower plate provided at the top portion. The drip member is connected to the lower plate and communicates with the water tank. The first carrying member is detachably connected to the frame body, and includes a first carrying surface facing the drip member. The second carrying member is detachably connected to the frame body, and includes a second carrying surface facing the drip member. When the water drip testing device is in a first or second test mode, the first or second carrying member is installed on the frame body.

Abstract: The fluid in a vessel can be monitored in real-time by a system that consists of at least a level module positioned proximal a vessel. The level module may be connected to a first sensor and a second sensor that are each attached to the vessel and responsive to changes in fluid within the vessel. The level module can employ a stored log of sensor measurements to provide a real-time volume of fluid within the vessel while fluid is flowing into or out of the vessel.

Abstract: A method and system for analyzing machinery operating parameters are provided. The method is implemented using a computing device coupled to a user interface and a memory device. The method can include determining an ideal curve of a first operating parameter of a machine that can include a plurality of component parts. The method also can include receiving an indication of a second operating parameter of the machine and receiving an indication of the first operating parameter of the machine wherein the indication of the first operating parameter is correlated to the received indication of the second operating parameter. The method further can include normalizing the indication of the first operating parameter to the ideal curve of the first operating parameter and determining a condition of the machine based on the normalizing of the indication of the first operating parameter to the ideal curve of the first operating parameter.

Abstract: A remote water heater monitoring system is configured to communicate with a plurality of client water heaters over a network. The system processes received data related to the operation of the plurality of client water heaters and identifies one or more baseline trends over time related to water heater performance and/or water heater reliability using the received data from one or more of the client water heaters and identifies one or more abnormalities in the operation of a particular one of the client water heaters based on the baseline trends. An alert is generated for one or more of the abnormalities in the operation of the particular one of the client water heaters and is associated with a corresponding client account.

Abstract: This gas leak position estimation device is provided with a specifying unit and a first determination unit. The specifying unit specifies a gas region image indicating a region in which the gas hangs in an image obtained by photographing a monitoring region. The first determination unit determines a pixel indicating a gas leak estimated position estimated to be a position at which the gas is leaking out from a plurality of pixels constituting an outline of the gas region image.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for conducting a pressure test on an apparatus. The method may include selecting a maximum test pressure for the pressure test, providing a first volume of liquid in the enclosed space and estimating a volume of gas in the enclosed space. The method may further include calculating a volume of additional liquid necessary to bring the enclosed space to the maximum test pressure, providing the volume of additional liquid in the enclosed space, and observing pressure of the enclosed space.

Abstract: Method, and corresponding system, for receiving and adaptively compressing sensor data for an operating manufacturing machine. The method includes determining the sensor data values at the working tool positions based on a time correlation of the values of the sensor data relative to time and the working tool positions relative to time. Tool control magnitude values relative to the working tool positions are determined based on the process data. The method further includes determining a magnitude differential, relative to the working tool positions, between the sensor data values and the tool control magnitude values. Scoring data is determined by applying a scoring function to the magnitude differential. The magnitude differential data is compressed based at least in part on the scoring data. The method further includes decompressing the magnitude differential data and determining the sensor data values versus the working tool positions based on the magnitude differential data.

Abstract: A computerized method for conducting a performance diagnostic for a damper in a flow control unit includes providing a control signal to the damper. The control signal instructs the damper to move into a target position or to achieve a target flow rate through the flow control unit. The method includes measuring a first differential pressure using a pressure sensor of the flow control unit at a first time before providing the control signal to the damper and measuring a second differential pressure using the pressure sensor of the flow control unit at a second time after providing the control signal to the damper. The method includes calculating a rate of change between the measured differential pressures based on a difference between the first and second measured differential pressures and a difference between the first and second times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a leak detection method for GIS based on vibration signals and belongs to the technical field of apparatus for detecting or reacting mechanical or electrical troubles. The method is carried out by the following steps: 1) Installing a vibration sensor on each connecting flange of each gas-tight chamber of the GIS; 2) Starting the GIS; 3) Acquiring the vibration signals of sensors when the GIS operation is stable after starting; 4) Doing de-noise processing on the collected vibration signal; 5) Doing 4-layer wavelet packet decomposition of the vibration signal after noise reduction to obtain the energy proportion of the vibration signal in each frequency band; 6) Analyzing the energy proportion of the vibration signal in each frequency band in step 5), Then alarm to notify the relevant personnel. Return to step 3) until the fault has been solved.

Abstract: It is described a method for detecting and identifying obstructions in a pipeline network for transporting fluids, wherein the network is composed of a plurality of pipeline sections (P) and a plurality of junctions (N). The method comprising the following phases: acquiring the geometrical data of a predefined number of pipeline sections (P) for which the presence of obstructions has to be evaluated; measuring the actual flow-rate values (Q1) of the fluid in one or more pipeline sections (P) and of the actual pressure values (h1) of the fluid at one or more junctions (N) of the network; comparison between the values of the nominal diameters (D1) of said pipeline sections (P) and the corresponding equivalent diameters (Dieq) of said pipeline sections (P); calculating, by means of a specific numerical model, the theoretic flow-rate values (QiT) and pressure values (hiT) of the fluid for said equivalent diameters (Dieq).

Abstract: An intelligent utility monitoring method and system for monitoring a network of utility lines can include a data collector configured to receive acoustic data based on real-time measurements of the utility line, an events historian configured store the acoustic data, an alarm and events (A&E) manager, a server, and an interface. The A&E manager can be configured to store alarm and even data. The A&E data can be based on analysis of the acoustic data. The interface can be configured to provide output based on the acoustic data and on the A&E data. The server can be configured to store the acoustic data and the A&E data. The server can further be configured to provide a computer network for at least the events historian, the A&E manager, and the interface.

Abstract: transducer apparatus comprises a transducer housing, a tube, a temperature sensor as well as a temperature sensor. The tube is arranged within a cavity of the transducer housing, in such a manner that an intermediate space is formed between a wall of the transducer housing facing the cavity inner surface and an outer surface of a wall of the tube facing the cavity. Furthermore, the tube is adapted to guide a fluid in its lumen, in such a manner that an inner surface of the wall of the tube facing the lumen is contacted by fluid guided in the lumen.

Abstract: A device can receive, from a set of sensor devices associated with an irrigation system, information that identifies a set of volumetric flow rates. The device can determine a set of pressure loss values based on the set of volumetric flow rates. The device can determine, based on the set of pressure loss values and a first set of moving average pressure loss values, a second set of moving average pressure loss values. The device can determine a subset of sensor devices for which corresponding moving average pressure loss values satisfy a threshold, and determine a subset of locations that correspond to the subset of sensor devices. The device can identify a leak location based on the subset of locations, and provide information that identifies the leak location to permit and/or cause an action to be performed in association with the leak location.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to analyze recordings in leak detection are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a leak detection sensor to record a plurality of recordings and a memory. The example apparatus also includes a processor to convert one ore of the plurality of recordings to a corresponding one or more spectral representations, calculate a spectral average based, at least in part, on the one or more spectral representations, store the spectral average to the memory, and generate a data packet based, at least in part, on the spectral average. The example apparatus also includes a transceiver to transmit the data packet to another device.

Abstract: A method for detecting package tampering comprises performing first scanning of a container comprising a packaged item and a plurality of packaging elements surrounding the packaged item, wherein each of the plurality of packaging elements comprises an identification component, and the first scanning comprises using the identification component of each of the plurality of packaging elements to detect each of the plurality of packaging elements. The method further comprises determining an orientation of each of the plurality of packaging elements in the container from the first scanning, performing second scanning of the container, determining an orientation of each of the plurality of packaging elements in the container from the second scanning, and comparing the orientation of each of the plurality of packaging elements in the container from the first scanning with the orientation of each of the plurality of packaging elements in the container from the second scanning.

Abstract: This invention provides a water-leakage state estimation system configured to estimate a state of a water leakage in a specific area of a water distribution network. A learning unit is configured to: receive labeled data, which is labeled so as to separate past flow rate data into abnormal values and normal values, and past environment state condition data; build a prediction model for predicting the normal values in the labeled data through learning; and determine a score parameter defining a length of a period involving data to be verified through learning as well. A water-leakage estimation unit is configured to: compare predicted flow rate data obtained by supplying current environment condition data into the prediction model and current flow rate data to produce error values; and calculate an average value of the error values in the period of a window width defined by the score parameter to estimate a water-leakage score representing a state of the water-leakage in the specific area.

Abstract: A milking system includes a milking apparatus for milking of dairy animals, and a plurality of wearing parts, inclusive of teat liners and/or milk lines and/or pulsation lines. The system further includes a computer system configured to control and/or monitor the milking apparatus, and to generate a signal which indicates that one of the wearing parts should be replaced and provides a characterization of that wearing part. The milking system further includes a 3D printer operatively connected to the computer system and configured to print the characterized part on the basis of the generated signal. Thus it is not necessary to keep an unnecessarily large stock of spare parts, but it becomes possible to directly provide the spare parts quickly, cheaply and with less chance of errors. Moreover, it is thus possible to tailor the parts, especially teat liners, to animals.

Abstract: A gas leak detection device includes a learning section, which has a correlation between a gas temperature inside gas pressure containers and a surface temperature of the gas pressure containers in a learning period corresponding to a current value flowing in the conductor, to make database, and a diagnosis section, which extracts a gas temperature corresponding to the measured current value and the surface temperature from the learning section in a diagnosis period, corrects a gas pressure value corresponding to an arbitrary surface temperature to a gas pressure value of a reference temperature using the extracted gas temperature, and detects a leak of the insulating gas based on the corrected gas pressure value.