Abstract: Techniques for creating a training technique for an individual are provided. The techniques include obtaining video of one or more events and information from a transaction log that corresponds to the one or more events, wherein the one or more events relate to one or more actions of an individual, classifying the one or more events into one or more event categories, comparing the one or more classified events with an enterprise best practices model to determine a degree of compliance, examining the one or more classified events to correct one or more misclassifications, if any, and revise the one or more event categories with the one or more corrected misclassifications, if any, and using the degree of compliance to create a training technique for the individual.

Abstract: System and method for tracking and processing of text translations for online use. The adding or editing of a text element for a primary language site or a primary language promotional email automatically generates a potential translation task. Potential translation tasks are reviewed and either deleted if no translation is required or organized into groups of related translation items and submitted along with language and schedule information for translation of the primary language text into other languages for use on other language versions of the primary language site or emails. Submission of a translation group generates an automatic notification of pending translation work to the affected translators. In performing translations, the translator first selects a task group and then translates the individual tasks in the group.

Abstract: System and method for tracking and processing of text translations for online use. Translation tasks are submitted along with language and schedule information for translation of primary language text into other languages for use on other language versions of the primary language site or emails. In performing translations, the translator first selects a task group and then translates the individual tasks in the group. A translation memory retains previously translated text and associated translations. When each individual translation task is selected for translation, the translation memory is searched and previously translated identical or similar text and translations are made available for displaying to and use by the translator.

Abstract: A method, system, and article of manufacture for defining and managing instances of time-based organization hierarchies, and for assigning sales credit to corresponding positions within the time-based organization hierarchy in response to a sales data input are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a user may define and/or manage one or more instances of the time-based organization hierarchy via a user interface generated on a client. Moreover, and in response to the sales data input corresponding to a transaction, a sales credit assignment process may then be executed to assign sales credit to one or more positions within the instance of the time-based organization hierarchy based on an evaluation of conditions specified in one or more identified assignment rules associated with the time-based organization hierarchy.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and system to verify an employment history of an applicant. The method involves obtaining data from a plurality of data sources comprising a business application, aggregating data to obtain aggregated data, where aggregated data includes employment and payroll data from the plurality of data sources, receiving a request for an employment history verification report based on a job application, where the request includes applicant identification information, searching aggregated data for data associated with applicant identification information, and providing the employment history verification report corresponding to applicant identification information, where the employment history verification report is based on the request and aggregated data. The employment history verification report may be based on employment and payroll data associated with applicant identification information.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for analyzing work skills. In one aspect, a method includes receiving work task data specifying a plurality of work tasks for a plurality of service providers. For each service provider, receiving performance data specifying an objective measure of a performance metric associated with the service provider performing a work task; receiving assessment data specifying a subjective measure of an attribute associated with the service provider performing the work task; and generating skills data for the service provider based on an aggregation of the assessment data and the performance data.

Abstract: A method and apparatuses for verifying Cryptographically Generated Address (CGA) signature are provided. The method includes: receiving a message sent by a CGA address owner, wherein a RSA public key, a first RSA public key signature, a second public key, and a second public key signature are carried in the message, the first RSA public key binds one or more second public keys, and a part protected by the first public key signature includes the one or more second public keys; verifying the first RSA public key signature according to the message; extracting the second public key, and verifying the second public key signature. According to the method and apparatuses of the embodiment, the effect of supporting other public key can be achieved, the change of the IP address can be omitted, and public key deployment and computing resources are saved.

Abstract: A method for managing the application of penalties to employees of a company. The method comprises executing software encoded on a machine readable storage medium by a CPU to implement a job assignment monitoring function, the job assignment monitoring function monitoring events occurring in the course of a job assignment procedure during which a server arrangement communicates with a remote client over a data network to present an employee at the remote client with a job proposal, detecting among the monitored events a penalty triggering event and in response to the detecting, determining a penalty to be applied to the employee on the basis of the penalty triggering event. The method further comprises recording in an employee record stored in a database, data derived from the determining to register the penalty applied to the employee.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for measuring a set of shopper behavior metrics that represent the strength of a product category or a group of categories in the performance of a store area. A set of rating parameters are defined in order to provide a unified and standardized rating system. The rating system represents the effectiveness of the product category in a store area. The metrics are defined in a manner that is normalized so that they can be used across different types of product categories. The datasets are measured per category or group of categories over time to identify how the strength has varied over time, and to monitor trends in the category performance. The measured datasets are further analyzed based on various demographic groups and behavior segments. The analysis facilitates a better understanding of the strength of the category for different shopper segments, which in turn can be applied for developing better store area optimization strategies.

Abstract: System and method for monitoring and mentoring driver behavior and vehicle operation and for categorizing or grading a driver's performance. The driver's classification or grade is used to determine or adjust insurance rates, premiums or coverages for the driver. The driver may receive discounted insurance rates for using monitoring and/or mentoring equipment in the vehicle. Insurance companies may use the driver classifications or grades to bid for coverage of groups of drivers having similar classifications or grades.

Abstract: An output formula is automatically generated from an input formula using one of multiple methods determined by types of one or more parameters associated with the input formula and a dimensional operation associated with a dimension of at least a first parameter. The automatically generated output formula is stored, or a representation based on the automatically generated output formula is presented using a user interface.

Abstract: Healthcare providers are faced with an extremely fast paced environment where patient care is closely coupled with quality and safety standards. To promote a safe and optimal environment for patients and healthcare workers, numerous standards must be met. The number of standards continues to grow as healthcare continues to become more complex. The present invention, and the various embodiments thereof, describes a computer based system and method for strengthening a healthcare provider's quality program through the use of quality assurance, quality improvement and performance improvement modules that help to structure, monitor and manage quality tasks. A pixel mapped calendar provides a compelling graphical representation of the current status of the various quality tasks associated with a specific date or dates to provide a visual representation of the overall health of an organization as it relates to meeting quality and safety standards.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a flow of related tasks by supervisors of an organization stores information that defines a hierarchy within an enterprise, the hierarchy including a tree structure where each of a plurality of supervisors is placed in a supervisory position over one or more subordinates and each supervisor is sub ordinate to at most one other supervisor. The system also assigns a task for each of the plurality of supervisors to perform, wherein performing the task by a first supervisor depends in part on completion of the task by each of the one or more respective subordinates. The system also determines if one or more subordinates are causing a delay in the progress towards completion of the task within the hierarchy. The system further generates a report identifying the subordinates, if any, who are causing a delay in the task completion progress.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for finding and retrieving information within an enterprise that is relevant to enterprise problems, enterprise opportunities, and unexpected or interesting events. The method includes scanning content related to a process conducted by an enterprise, where the process includes one or more process steps; identifying a problem, opportunity or event associated with a process step (an enterprise stress point); indexing the scanned content with respect to the enterprise stress point; determining whether the scanned content is information relevant to the problem, opportunity or event; and providing relevant information to a user. The relevant information includes a description or discussion of a contemporaneous or previous experience of the enterprise regarding the problem, opportunity or event.

Abstract: Methods and systems for capturing, measuring, sharing and influencing the behavioural qualities of a service performance.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus caused at least to acquire information of a supervisor identifier allocated to a supervisor who is registered to a network environment accessible by a plurality of supervisors and by a plurality of clients; acquire information of a different client identifier allocated to each client registered to the network environment; associate at least one client identifier with the supervisor identifier on the basis of a notification of whether or not the client is co-operating with the supervisor; acquire at least one activity metric related to the at least one client corresponding to the at least one client identifier associated with the supervisor identifier; and determine a performance level of the supervisor corresponding to the supervisor identifier at least partly on the basis of the acquired at least one activity metric.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products are provided for identifying activity outliers from amongst employees/associates within a predetermined peer group of employees. The inventive concepts herein disclosed require establishing consistent peer groupings of employees/associates. In specific embodiments, the peer groupings may be defined by combining one or more and, typically two, line of business hierarchies and job title. Once the peer grouping is established, monitoring of pre-determined activities within designated applications is performed to determine the number of occurrence of the predetermined activities over a designated period of time. Activity outliers are subsequently determined based on the number of occurrence of the predetermined activities over the designated period of time.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for providing reviewer feedback identifying a correlation between a reviewer's past voting record and successful results. Based on a reviewer's past record, the reviewer may be assigned a power rating identifying the statistical accuracy of the reviewer's voting history. That power rating may be used to weight future votes, thereby increasing the likelihood that accurate decisions will be made.

Abstract: A customizable work measurement tool that includes a data gathering tools to facilitate work sampling. A setup process generates customized data tables that are synced to a mobile computing device. The mobile computing device utilizes the data tables to generate a user interface presenting predefined lists and parameters based on an interactive decision matrix. Activity and parameter selection may be prompted by sensor readings received by the mobile computing device that identify locations, workers, or assets. Users may be provided data collection routes, data collection instructions, prompts, and tools for acquiring work observations including comments on work activities. The collected work observations may be analyzed for reporting, data mining, and historical benchmark comparisons. The storage of data categorizes each data point as direct work, indirect work, barriers to work, or a delay thereby providing in-depth analysis and reporting capabilities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and a method for analysing with a temporal resolution below 160 milliseconds at least one response of a test person to at least one input stimulus. At least one input stimulus is provided to the test person and data representing the test person's response to this provided at least one input stimulus is obtained. From these data, at least one induced response pattern is determined in an automatic manner and at least one induced response pattern is identified. Optionally, the response pattern is interpreted and at least one induced response indicator is identified. The identified at least one induced response pattern and/or and at least one induced response indicator are synchronized to the presented at least one input stimulus. The synchronized at least one input stimulus and the determined at least one response pattern and/or at least one response indicator are presented in the same display and/or stored on the same means for storing.

Abstract: A method and system assigns trust ranks to nodes from disparate sources, such as user profiles found in social networking websites across the Internet. The score assigned to a profile is calculated from the subjective scores given to it by the connected profiles that have ranked it, and weighted according to the scores of those connected profiles. The score and associated data are stored in a central server with a searchable database that communicates with one or more third party application servers. The score and associated data are displayed on social networking websites according to user-defined criteria and available for use by third party users to assess the risk of doing business with a user.

Abstract: Systems and methods for evaluating a worker in performing crowd sourced tasks and providing in-task training are disclosed. In one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure include a method, which may be implemented on a system, for selecting a job distributed through a job distribution platform for workers to work on, for use to generate a test task, the job being associated with a known correct result, associating a manipulated result, known to be an incorrect result for the job, with the job to generate the test task, and/or presenting the job with the manipulated result as the test task to a worker for evaluation of work quality of the worker. The job distribution platform crowd sources tasks online to workers to work on via their respective computing devices.

Abstract: A method for ranking the performance data of a plurality of employees. The method may include using a receiver to receive information relating to the performance, by each of the employees, of a plurality of tasks. Each of the plurality of tasks may be tasks completed during a predetermined time period. The method may also include using a processor to compute for each of the plurality of employees, based at least in part on the received data, a median cycle time score, an accuracy score, an escalation percentage score, a volume score and a client target date score. The method may further include using the processor to rank, using percentile ranking, the of the median cycle time scores, accuracy scores, escalation percentage scores, volume scores and client target date scores.

Abstract: A method and system for managing employment candidate data utilizes a pre-screen application to enable pre-screening of employment candidates who log on to a website and are prompted to enter additional information and schedule pre-employment tests via the website. The method and system for managing employment candidate data also uses a tracking and testing application to handle screening of candidates' paper-based applications, administration of interviews, hiring pool management, job offer support, and scheduling of training, and is integrated with an applicant tracking system. A resume tracking application of the method and system for managing employment candidate data automatically identifies and merges duplicate resume information to create a single unique resume in the tracking system.

Abstract: An information capture, processing and retrieval (“ICPR”) system shared by multiple buyers, suppliers and workers concurrently and a method of operating the same. In one embodiment, the ICPR system includes an order documentation subsystem configured to document orders for the suppliers and the buyers with respect to the workers. Each of the orders specifies a different method of time capture for the workers assigned thereto. The ICPR system also includes a time capture subsystem configured to receive the different methods of time capture from the workers positioned in one of anchored and untethered locations assigned to the orders. In a related embodiment, the ICPR system further includes a time approval and buyer tagging subsystem configured to allow the buyers to label time worked by the workers corresponding to the buyers with one or more tags, thereby translating approved time of the workers into custom, internal terminology of the buyers.

Abstract: Whilst partaking in a traditional electronic questionnaire survey, responses given by any one respondent are almost always influenced by that person's emotional state due to the survey format. This emotional content skews the results thus obtained making them inaccurate, so that statistical methods become necessary to interpret the results. Such a statistical analyses requires not only a minimum sample size but also to be interpreted, which can also lead to false, non repeatable results. However, by structuring the system and method of the electronic questionnaire survey in accordance with a strict set of guidelines, it is possible to measure a respondent's views on any subject matter both emotionally and rationally, together with the respondent's level of conviction. By comparing the emotional responses with the rational responses, a truly quantifiable and repeatable measure of respondent satisfaction towards the subject matter can be achieved, which also allows benchmarking as an added benefit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that assesses the importance of projects in a portfolio of projects and allocates labor resources to multiple concurrent projects is provided. The method includes specifying clear project schedules that are readily testable for various projects and using labor categories for project schedule tasks requiring labor resources. The present design determines each project team member's productivity for each supported labor category and allocates project team members to the project tasks on a periodic basis such that the most important project tasks receive the most productive available project team members for each project's specified labor categories.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a total cost of ownership method and system for technology components, applications or business units. The system provides financial reporting costs in information technology terms in order to build a bridge between technology and finance organizations. The method and system utilize data from systems of record for assets and charges, extract this data and deliver output reports and visualizations on the data processing and analysis in order to drive a Total Cost of Ownership for technology components, applications or business units. The method includes bringing data from disparate sources into the computer processor accessing at least one storage medium, validating the data by a Data Quality Engine, processing the data by matching the at least one charge to the at least one asset and performing data analytics and reporting on the Total Cost of Ownership.

Abstract: Embodiments of personnel management systems are presented herein. Other examples, and related methods, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and competence assessment system for assessing the competences of a participant in a project. The method includes assessing at least one competence of at least one participant in a project by applying a mathematical formula. The project includes at least one phase, at least one competence of an assessed participant intervening in at least one phase of the project, the competence being assessed by at least one assessor figure by at least one piece of evidence.

Abstract: Methods, computer-readable media, and apparatuses support the accreditation of an employee based on training provided to the employee. Different employment areas are supported, including services and manufacturing. The employee's experience level and performance rating are compared with a predetermined experience duration and an acceptable performance rating, respectively, in order to determine a number of training modules and an allowed time frame to complete the number of training modules. The number of training modules is selected from a collection of training modules based on a performance indicator that is associated with the employee. When the employee has completed the number of training modules in the allowed time frame, the employee is accredited. If an employee's performance is less than a satisfactory performance rating, the employee may forfeit accreditation. Consequently, the employee must repeat the accreditation process in order to regain accreditation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for management of sales activity information. In an embodiment, a system comprises a client system; and a server system, communicatively coupled to the client system, wherein the server system comprises: a client interface to receive sales activity data from the client system, wherein the sales activity is associated with a sales process and arranged using a multi-dimensional matrix; and a data storage system to store the sales activity data using a coordinate system that corresponds with the multi-dimensional matrix. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Policies defining the entitlements to be assigned to a new identity joining a role are automatically generated. An automatic policy assigns a new identity the entitlements commonly owned by a predetermined number of identities in the role, which may be all of the role identities. A conditional policy recommends that a new identity be assigned the non-commonly-owned entitlements associated with the role identity whose non-entitlement attributes most closely match the non-entitlement attributes of the new identity. This may be automatically determined by iterating through a vector that maps the non-commonly-owned entitlements with the non-entitlement attributes of each role identity, comparing the non-entitlement attributes of the new identity to find the closest match. The non-commonly-owned entitlements of that identity are then recommended to be assigned to the new identity, upon approval.

Abstract: One or more pieces of equipment (e.g., a locate wand, a marking tool) are used to perform an operation to identify, in response to a ticket, a presence or an absence of an underground facility at a dig area. Data relating to the use of the equipment to perform the operation is electronically processed to determine whether the operation was completed correctly. In one example, ticket information from the ticket also is processed with the data relating to the use of the equipment to determine whether the operation was completed correctly. In another example, the equipment includes a marking apparatus, and data relating to the use of the marking apparatus that is processed includes one or more of marker characteristic information, timing information, supply information and location information relating to one or more markers dispensed by the marking apparatus.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a system and method for allocating labor to units processed in a materials handling facility are described. Embodiments may include a labor allocation system configured to receive information associated with a materials handling process that includes handling multiple units. For each unit, such information may indicate a respective pre-handling time period and a respective post-handling time period. The labor allocation system may determine a measure of variability of the pre-handling time periods associated with the units. The labor allocation system may also determine a measure of variability of the post-handling time periods. In response to determining that one of the measures of variability is less than the other, the labor allocation system may determine that each time period associated with the lesser measure of variability is representative of a quantity of labor expended to process a respective unit in accordance with the materials handling process.

Abstract: A method, system and program product for providing distribution of customer feedback pertaining to an aspect of a retail environment. The method includes creating either a text, an audio or visual tag for inputting into a tool, feedback from customers using a plurality of devices, the tag including either a product-related or a location-related tag that can be used to extrapolate on the feedback. The method further includes identifying respective locations of customers, collecting in real-time the feedback inputted by the customers and providing a user, a customer that has provided feedback or not, access to the feedback collected based on either an inquiry submitted to the tool by the user or based on a current location of the user identified by the tool. The method further includes retrieving in real-time a subset of the feedback collected based on either the inquiry submitted or the current location of the user.

Abstract: A customer experience management capability is disclosed. The customer experience management is configured to create a prioritized improvement action plan with regard to the customer experience of a customer of a service provider across all or part of the lifecycle of the relationship of the customer with the service provider.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-readable medium for utilizing the design centers, assembly line and job shops of a global delivery network across multiple software factories are presented. Pre-qualified factory organizational units in a software factory are identified. Identified qualified factory organizational units, including design centers, assembly lines and job shops, are matched to customer requirements. If the identified qualified factory organizational units are available, then they are load balanced and deployed to create software deliverables to the customer.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments, there are provided mechanisms and methods for managing multiple business hours in an on-demand service. These mechanisms and methods for managing multiple business hours in an on-demand service can enable embodiments to provide access to a stored set of business hours for a user to track, at a user level. The ability of embodiments to provide this access may allow users of such on-demand services better insight as to how much time their agents are spending on cases.

Abstract: Systems and methods for initiating and conducting an automated survey are disclosed herein. According to some implementations, a computer-readable medium may be encoded with computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions includes logic adapted to receive a notification of the occurrence of a trigger event associated with a service performed for a customer. The computer-executable instructions further include logic adapted, in response to receiving the notification, to initiate an automated survey to be offered to a survey recipient. Additional logic is adapted to conduct the automated survey. The instructions also include logic adapted to receive survey result information from the survey recipient in response to the automated survey.

Abstract: For creating a data governance assessment, a response module receives responses to an automated questionnaire. A scoring module computes a data governance assessment comprising a maturity level describing organizational adoption of data governance, a data governance model describing a data centralization level, and a framework describing a tier of data governance by calculating the maturity level, the data governance model, and the framework from the responses.

Abstract: A project management system includes a project processor configured to receive information about a project, wherein the information includes subtasks for the project and information about an entity assigned to complete at least one subtask of the project; calculate expected outcomes for the project based on the subtasks for the project and the information about the entity, wherein the expected outcomes include at least one subtask expected outcome; receive realized outcomes of the project after it is realized, wherein the realized outcomes includes at least one subtask realized outcome; determine feedback for the project based on the at least one subtask realized outcome in relation to at least one the subtask expected outcome; generate a performance evaluation for the entity assigned to complete the at least one subtask of the project based on feedback for the project; and publish the performance evaluation for the entity.

Abstract: An expert system for providing optimized recommendations regarding a construction project is configured to generate conflicting optimization recommendations. Multiple expert system engines are implemented, where each engine provides one or more recommendations optimized in accordance with the priorities of a functional discipline. A conflict engine will identify conflicts between optimized recommendations and will package the conflicts into conflict objects that are presented to a conflict user interface for resolution. The user could resolve the conflicts him/herself, or could configure a cross-functional conflict object to resolve such conflicts based upon specified resolution criteria.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to employee management system and more particularly, to employee management in appraisal system. The embodiments herein disclose an appraisal system using a modified form of Activity Hierarchy Process (AHP). The appraisal system covers all the facets of appraisal to measure individual's “Capabilities” is disclosed. Every employee in an organization will be included in the appraisal system and the capabilities of the employees are measured to determine a value based on the rank given to the employees.

Abstract: Systems and methods for iteratively obtaining and sharing a review of a service performance, the performance being carried out by at least one performer. A user interface is provided for playback of the performance to a reviewer. The review is carried out using at least one integrated option in the user interface for carrying out the review of the performance during the playback of the performance. At least one portion of the review is directly related to a time point in the playback. The entire review process has at least one iteration. Each iteration provides the same or a different user interface for playback and review of at least one of the performance and a previous review by the same or another reviewer.

Abstract: A system for effective project size estimation. In response to receiving an input to predict a size of effort required to complete a project, a set of metrics associated with the project is identified. All possible subsets of metrics are constructed from the identified set of metrics associated with the project. One project size prediction model is generated for each constructed subset of metrics from the identified set of metrics associated with the project. An accuracy score is calculated for each generated project size prediction model. A project size prediction model is selected with a highest calculated accuracy score to identify a subset of effective metrics for the project. The subset of effective metrics is associated with the project size prediction model with the highest calculated accuracy score. Then, the project size prediction model with the highest calculated accuracy score is outputted for use by a project developer.

Abstract: A method and system for using Threat Imaging Projection (TIP) technology, and the operator testing data that it generates, in order to certify x-ray inspection system operators and thereby assure an acceptable and uniform level of operator performance. In a preferred configuration, the operator views x-ray images of objects on a screening system equipped with TIP technology. When the operator believes that a threat item image appears on the screening system, the operator indicates such via an indicating means. The system is capable of recording, storing and transmitting individual operator performance data relating to proper detections, missed detections, and false alarms, i.e., when an operator indicates that a threat item image appears when no such image actually appears on the screening system. The system preferably contains a library of various threat item images, e.g., guns, bombs, knives, etc., which are classified according to type of threat and difficulty of detection.

Abstract: The discovery cost forecasting system uses incomplete information to generate forecasts of discovery expenses. Models are generated with different levels of granularity depending upon the available facts and user preferences. An expert provides real-time information to improve the accuracy of the predictions. A scenario analysis is generated that evaluates how changes to the parameters of the matter could affect the forecasted cost. An estimate is generated of the degree of advancement of the matter in its lifecycle as part of the cost forecast. The cost associated with each data source and custodian is tracked and reported. A configurable and extensible cost equation is defined. A dashboard user interface is generated to monitor the entire portfolio to extract easy to understand facts, trends, and early warning signs related to discovery cost management.

Abstract: Disclosed are computerized methods and systems for enhancing the sales performance of selected sales force professionals comprising assessing a plurality of sales reps along various objective and subjective dimensions (including sales performance information) and generating, for each such sales rep, an associated sales rep record; and comparing each such sales rep record to a computer database of high-performing sales rep records to identify, for each selected sales rep, those dimensions which by improving will, based on the organization's sales culture (determined by the aggregate of sales rep records), better align such sales rep record with high-performing sales rep records. Moreover, other important features are disclosed, and examples given.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are computer-implemented methods, computing systems, and related technologies that may be used for determining the optimal number of Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) that should be engaged by a service provider in order to provide a service to an insurance company. Multiple service level agreements (SLAs) exists between the service provider and the insurance company, each of which indicates that the service provider must complete a given percentage of assigned tasks for the service within a given time period. A resource optimization application (ROA) determines how many FTEs the service provider should employ, in order to complete assigned tasks as required by the SLAs. The ROA determines the number of FTEs based on factors such as an average handling time (AHT) for the tasks, the capacity of the service provider, historical data that describes tasks previously assigned to the service provider, and other factors.