Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory card includes a nonvolatile memory including a data storage region and storing a table in which a logical address received from a host device is mapped to a physical address in the data storage region, and a controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory. The controller exchanges a first logical address with a second logical address based on a first command and data received from the host device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method, apparatus and system for determining accessible paths between two nodes. According to the method of the present disclosure, an adjacency matrix of a graph, which includes a plurality of points and edges connecting the plurality of points, is first established; then, search is made for an accessible path that can reach a destination from a starting point based on the adjacency matrix. Especially, a termination condition for the searching is set based on an already-sought path during the searching, and the corresponding search is terminated in response to the termination condition being met during the searching. With the present disclosure, it may substantially reduce repeated traversal, obvious reduce the time taken to search for accessible paths between two nodes, and significantly improve the efficiency in searching for the accessible path.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for monitoring and encouraging health and fitness. In accordance with a first aspect, an apparatus is provided that is adapted to assist in weight loss and exercise. The apparatus comprises a personal digital assistant (PDA) having computer program code adapted to assist in at least one of calorie counting, meal selection, meal suggestion, weight monitoring, weight loss or gain monitoring, fat consumption monitoring, sugar consumption monitoring and salt consumption monitoring. The PDA also includes computer program code adapted to display historical data regarding at least one of calorie counting, meal selection, meal suggestion, weight monitoring, weight loss or gain monitoring, fat consumption monitoring, sugar consumption monitoring and salt consumption monitoring. Numerous other embodiments are provided, as are methods, systems and computer program products.

Abstract: A formula display control device includes a display unit, a text display control unit, a formula designation unit, a template formula generation unit and a template formula display control unit. The text display control unit displays text including a formula on the display unit. The formula designation unit designates the formula in the text displayed on the display unit in response to a user operation. The template formula generation unit replaces a coefficient portion in the formula with an input frame to generate a template formula when a coefficient is included in the designated formula. The template formula display control unit displays the template formula generated by the template formula generation unit as text which is displayed on the display unit.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for deriving a secondary secret from a root secret are described, the method, system and apparatus including reserving a memory buffer included in an integrated circuit, the memory buffer being large enough to contain all of the bits which will include the secondary secret, receiving a plurality of bits from a root secret, the root secret being stored in a secure memory of the integrated circuit, inputting the plurality of bits from the root secret and at least one control bit into a permutation network, and thereby producing a multiplicity of output bits, the at least one control bit including one of one bit of a value g, and one bit an output of a function which receives g as an input, receiving the multiplicity of output bits from the permutation network, inputting the multiplicity of output bits from the permutation network into a plurality of logic gates, thereby combining the multiplicity of output bits, wherein a fixed number of bits is output from the logic gates, inputt

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for inputting equations. An equation input apparatus includes a learning context recognizer for extracting learning context information regarding a learner; a target equation group extractor for generating a target equation group including target mathematical symbols based on the extracted learning context information; and a predicted equation provider for providing a predicted mathematical symbol list relating to information, input or selected from the target equation group by user command, and for reflecting an equation selected from the predicted mathematical symbol list in the input or selected information.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for monitoring and encouraging health and fitness. In accordance with a first aspect, an apparatus is provided that is adapted to assist in weight loss and exercise. The apparatus comprises a personal digital assistant (PDA) having computer program code adapted to assist in at least one of calorie counting, meal selection, meal suggestion, weight monitoring, weight loss or gain monitoring, fat consumption monitoring, sugar consumption monitoring and salt consumption monitoring. The PDA also includes computer program code adapted to display historical data regarding at least one of calorie counting, meal selection, meal suggestion, weight monitoring, weight loss or gain monitoring, fat consumption monitoring, sugar consumption monitoring and salt consumption monitoring. Numerous other embodiments are provided, as are methods, systems and computer program products.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a decoder and an actuator. The decoder is configured to receive a signal comprising a target olfactory pleasantness, to determine one or more combinations of odors which produce the target olfactory pleasantness, and to select a given one of the combinations of odors. The actuator is coupled to the decoder and configured to utilize the given combination of odors to produce an odor with the target olfactory pleasantness.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include a quick and easy user interface system for allowing a user to format mathematical expression on a math program as they would be formatted in longhand. The user interface is configured to switch between a linear math expression entry scheme and a structured math expression entry scheme based on a user's math expression entries in order to predict the user's desired entry format. The user interface contains additional shortcuts and display features which enable a user to enter mathematical expressions quickly and easily, with less confusion.

Abstract: A method for calculating a formula included in text in an electronic device includes detecting the text, detecting at least one formula included in the detected text, calculating at least the one formula, and displaying the calculated result. An apparatus for implementing the method includes at least one processor, at least one memory, and at least one program which is stored in at least the one memory and is configured to be executable by at least the one processor. The at least one program detects input text, detects at least one formula included in the detected text, calculates at least the one formula, and displays the calculated result.

Abstract: Processing a neural signal sequence occurs in accordance with a neural signal spiking model that includes an exponential component (EC) and a polynomial component (PC). The exponential component is correlated with the presence of signal sequence noise, and the polynomial component is correlated with the presence of detectable signal sequence spikes distinguishable from the noise. A neural interface includes a frequency shaping amplifier (FSA) configured for receiving input signals; an amplifier gain stage and an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) stage; a Hilbert transformer configured for performing a Hilbert transform upon neural signal data received from the ADC stage; a linear regression engine configured for estimating EC parameters and PC parameters corresponding to Hilbert transformed neural signal data; and a neural spike probability estimator configured for generating a neural spike probability map based upon the EC parameters and the PC parameters.

Abstract: A method for providing an adiabatic RF pulse that is an inversion or refocusing pulse for a RF pulse sequence is provided. A linear phase frequency profile (Flp(?)) is determined for the adiabatic RF pulse. A quadratic phase is applied to the linear phase frequency profile for the adiabatic RF pulse to obtain F(?), wherein the applying the quadratic phase comprises setting F(?)=Flp(?)eik?2. A polynomial ? is set to equal a Fourier Transform (F(?)). A corresponding minimum phase ? polynomial is determined for the ? polynomial. (?,?) are set as inputs to an inverse Shinnar Le-Roux transform to generate an adiabatic RF waveform. The adiabatic RF waveform is truncated to produce the adiabatic RF pulse, wherein k>0.03?/(?5??p)/(N+1) and k<kmax, where kmax is a value at which the adiabatic RF pulse is truncated at 25% of a maximum RF amplitude.

Abstract: A system comprises a processor and a keyboard coupled to the processor. The keyboard comprises a mathematical function key and an arrow key. When the mathematical function key is pressed, the processor causes the display to display a sequence of math functions or math menu choices upon a user repeatedly pressing the arrow key. For each math function displayed on the display, the processor concurrently also causes the result of the math function to be displayed without the user pressing another key.

Abstract: A method for calculating coordinate points corresponding to a segment of a circle for arch construction includes entering a desired width dimension of a desired arch, entering a desired height dimension of a desired arch, and calculating coordinate pairs corresponding to a previously defined coordinate system, wherein the resultant coordinate pairs correspond to points defining an arc, wherein the arc is the arc corresponding to the width and height dimensions of the desired arch.

Abstract: A metric-converter watch device comprising a small watch-shaped housing having a display panel and a numeric keypad; and a microprocessor configured to perform mathematical operations and configured to convert a first English numeric value to a first metric numeric value and convert a second metric numeric value to a second English numeric value, wherein the microprocessor is operatively connected to a first conversion button, to a second conversion button, and the display panel, wherein the microprocessor is operatively connected to a battery, the battery being operatively connected to a solar panel disposed on the housing, wherein the solar panel provides power to re-charge the battery.

Abstract: A validation module provides for the upgrading of a physical access control system (PACS) to full HSPD-12 compliance without requiring modification or replacement of the existing PACS. The validation module may contain all of the validation functionality required by federal specifications and technical requirements. The validation module may be installed between an existing PACS panel and a supported card/biometric reader. Readers may be selected based on assurance level requirements, e.g., contactless or contact readers for low and medium assurance level areas and full biometric readers for high assurance areas. The validation module may validate a card according to the assurance level setting, extract ID information from data on the card and then pass the ID information to the PACS panel for an access decision. Cardholder data captured by one validation module may be distributed to other validation modules of the PACS using a management station.

Abstract: A cost-effective system that provides for the efficient protection of transmitted non-public attribute information may be used, for example, to control access to a secure area. Encryption of the attribute information may be performed using symmetric encryption techniques, such as XOR and/or stream cipher encryption. A centralized database that stores and transmits the encrypted attribute information may generate the encryption/decryption key based on selected information bytes, for example, as taken from a card inserted into a handheld device used at the secure area. The selected information to generate the encryption key stream may be varied on a periodic basis by the centralized database. Information as to which selected bytes are to be used for a particular access authorization request may be transmitted to the handheld unit or may be input through action of a user of the handheld unit, for example by entry of a PIN code.

Abstract: Systems and methods for use in handwriting recognition in computer algebra are provided. One disclosed method includes receiving handwriting input from a user via a handwriting input device, the handwriting input representing a mathematical expression. The method further includes, at a recognizer, processing the handwriting input to recognize a plurality of candidates and ranking the plurality of candidates to form initial candidate data. The method may further include, at an application program, scanning the plurality of candidates for segments that match application-level criteria, and adjusting a rank of one or more of the plurality of candidates based on the matching, to form a processed candidate list. The method may further include displaying the processed candidate list via a graphical user interface.

Abstract: This is a calculator for tabulating the score in the game of dominos or other tile or card games, wherein the score is determined by symbols or colors rather than numerals, comprising a housing, a display panel, a control panel having a plurality of mathematical function keys and input keys, wherein the input keys have symbols or colors corresponding to the symbols or colors on the game pieces.

Abstract: A programmable calculator includes: a display unit; a calculation processing section configured to perform calculation processing; a calculation screen display control section configured to control the display unit to display a calculation screen; a base state setting section configured to set, as a base state, a calculation state; a base state storing section configured to store the base state that is set together with the calculation screen corresponding to the base state; an operation pattern storing section configured to store an operation pattern of a series of user operations that are input after the base state was set by the base state setting section; and a guide display control section configured to control the display unit to display a calculation screen corresponding to the arbitrary base state stored in the base state storing section, and to display, as guide indications, the stored operation pattern.

Abstract: A calculator comprises a processor and a keyboard coupled to the processor. The keyboard comprises a calculation key that causes a calculation to be performed on input data. The calculator also comprises a display coupled to the processor. When the calculation key is pressed, the processor determines whether the input data has already been entered. If the input data has not already been input, the processor prompts a user of the calculator to enter the input data via the keyboard by displaying an alphanumeric description of the input data required for the calculation.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel affordance to algebra. It combines the immediacy of a manipulative with the power of a computer algebra system. Operations are executed in-place on a mutable expression, by direct manipulation of its terms by the user. Terms, whether simple or complex, can be selected by the user and dragged from one location in the expression to another. The equivalence of the expression is maintained by changes to the moving term and other terms in the expression. A highly interactive interface illuminates to the user the range of potential actions. The beneficiaries of this technology are students, who have a new avenue for exploratory learning and technologists, who have a new tool for symbolic reasoning.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides computational device that comprises a processor for performing mathematical computations, and a user interface. The user interface comprises a display and a plurality of functional buttons each associated one of a plurality of variables in a mathematical equation defining a relationship among those variables. In response to the selection of any of the buttons by a user, the processor effects presentation of one or more prompts in the display to invite the user to enter values for variables associated with buttons other than that selected by the user, and upon entry of the last variable value, the processor calculates a value for the variable selected by the user and presents said calculated value in the display.

Abstract: When a numerical expression (FIG. 6(a)) is inputted to a mathematical calculator (1) and then a rough display key (27) is depressed, calculation units composing the numerical expression are converted to display blocks, whereby the numerical expression is displayed in a natural expression form on a display (3) and a rough map (M) is also displayed in which the display blocks are disposed at positions corresponding to those of the calculation units of the numerical expression in the natural expression form (FIG. 6(b)). A calculation unit of the numerical expression to be edited is indicated by a cursor (30) and a corresponding display block of the rough map is displayed emphatically in the rough map (FIG. 6(c)).

Abstract: In another aspect, a handheld electronic device is disclosed that includes a body sized and shaped for holding by one hand of a user. The device further includes a user interface comprising a plurality of buttons for operating the device and at least one securing element coupled to the body. The securing element is adapted for engagement with at least one digit of the user's hand to facilitate holding the device so as to allow the user to operate the device, via its user interface, with one or more other digits of that same hand. In some embodiments, the device can be utilized for calculating a variable value associated with a loan (e.g., monthly payment) based on entered values of the other variables of the loan (e.g., amount, interest rate, and duration).

Abstract: An electronic abacus includes a calculating apparatus, an input apparatus and a display apparatus. The input apparatus and the display apparatus are connected to the calculating apparatus respectively. The calculating apparatus receives the input information from the input apparatus, processes the information, and displays the processed information on the display apparatus. The input apparatus includes function keys and number input keys The number input keys include several sets of numeral keys. Each set of the numeral keys is corresponding to one digit of the input information displayed in the display apparatus. Each set of the numeral key includes the keys indicating “5”, “?5”, “4”, “?4”, “3”, “?3”, “2”, “?2”, “1”, “?1” respectively.

Abstract: A compact modular embedded device. A base module includes a processor, a memory medium operable to store a bootloader for executing graphical programs, a bus, and a power input coupled to the processor, memory medium, and bus, for receiving power from a power source and providing the received power to the processor, memory medium, and bus. The base module can couple to a host computer via a transmission medium, receive a program from the host computer, and store the program in the memory medium. The base module may couple to extension modules via the bus in a stacked fashion, where the base module and the extension modules each include a respective substantially planar circuit board that when stacked are substantially parallel. Each extension module provides respective functionality for the device. The base module can execute the program to perform a function in conjunction with the extension modules.

Abstract: An authentication system and a method for signing data are disclosed. The system uses a hardware software partitioned approach. In its implementation the system of the invention compares favourably with performance and other parameters with a complete hardware or full software implementation. Particularly, advantageously there is a reduced gate count. Also as disclosed in the invention the system makes it difficult for hackers to attack the system using simple power analysis.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a software keyboard includes a software key with a first label and a second label, where both the first and the second label are visible. The first label may be displayed on the software key so as to indicate that the first label is active. In an embodiment, the user may provide an input so as to make the second label active and the change may be indicated on the software key. In an embodiment, the arrangement of the first and second labels may be adjusted in response to a resizing of the software keyboard.

Abstract: A system is provided comprising a switching device and a response module. The switching device has a critical switch and a plurality of non-critical switches. The switching device generates an analog output voltage based on a switching state of the critical switch and each of the non-critical switches. The response module monitors the analog output voltage. The response module detects when the critical switch is closed, regardless of whether any non-critical switch is closed or any non-critical switch is open.

Abstract: A graphing calculator includes: a touchscreen display unit having a formula display area and a graph display area; a formula input section configured to receive a calculation formula; a formula display control section configured to control the touchscreen display unit to display the calculation formula in the formula display area; a formula drag determining section configured to determine whether the calculation formula is dragged to the graph display area; a function calculating section configured to perform a calculation corresponding to a type of a function included in the calculation formula; a range setting section configured to set coordinate ranges to be used for generating a graph image; and a graph display control section configured to generate a graph image corresponding to the calculation formula and the calculation result according to the coordinate ranges.

Abstract: A method for calculating coordinate points corresponding to a segment of a circle for arch construction includes entering a desired width dimension of a desired arch, entering a desired height dimension of a desired arch, and calculating coordinate pairs corresponding to a previously defined coordinate system, wherein the resultant coordinate pairs correspond to points defining an arc, wherein the arc is the arc corresponding to the width and height dimensions of the desired arch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to tools that handle and perform computations using dimensional and dimensionless values, automatically converting them appropriately within equations, outputting answers in default or user-selected output units, and indicating when inconsistencies or errors are present in the input so that these can be quickly and easily identified and immediately corrected. More particularly, it relates to improved, computer-based systems, methods and software for automatically changing between different units, correctly computing formulas using dimensional values, and outputting the results in arbitrary dimensionally consistent units. The current embodiments accomplish these objectives with as much simplicity, as flexible a syntax, as little typing, and with as little chance of human error as possible.

Abstract: The systems and methods of the invention are directed to portfolio optimization and related techniques. For example, the invention provides a method for multi-objective portfolio optimization for use in investment decisions based on competing objectives and a plurality of constraints constituting a portfolio problem, the method comprising: generating an initial population of solutions of portfolio allocations; performing a first multi-objective process, based on the initial population and the competing objectives, to generate a first interim efficient frontier; performing a second multi-objective process, based on the initial population and the competing objectives, to generate a second interim efficient frontier; and fusing the first interim efficient frontier with the second interim efficient frontier to create an augmented efficient frontier for use in investment decisioning.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for developing a structural model of credit risk that incorporates the short-term uncertainty inherent in default events is disclosed. The model is based on the assumption of incomplete information, taking as premise that bond investors are not certain about the true level of a firm's value that may trigger default. In addition, the coherent integration of structure and uncertainty is facilitated with compensators. Compensators form the infrastructure of a class of credit models that is broad enough to include traditional structural models, intensity-based models, and a great deal more. Several empirical examples are provided that compare default probabilities and credit yield spreads forecast by the incomplete information model to the output of a Black and Cox (1976) model. It is found that the incomplete information model reacts more quickly and, unlike traditional structural models, forecasts positive short-term credit spreads for firms that are in distress.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a means of securitization of life settlement contracts using a method of stripping the death benefit asset from the premium liabilities by producing a Stripped Collateralized Life Settlement Obligation. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a means of securitizing life insurance contracts using a method of stripping the death benefit asset from the premium liabilities by producing a Stripped Collateralized Life Insurance Obligation.

Abstract: A measurement instrument reads information on the guarantee number-of-measurements issued depending on the payment of purchased consumables from a magnetic card (21), stores the information in a guarantee number of measurements storage unit (31), stores the actual number of measurements in a number of measurements storage unit (32), stores the remainder of subtraction of the actual number of measurements stored in the number of measurements storage unit (32) from the guarantee number of measurements stored in the guarantee number of measurements storage unit (31) in a remainder storage unit (33). When the remainder reaches a predetermined value, the measurement instrument outputs a message to invite to purchase a new magnetic card to a display unit (4).

Abstract: Internet-based business system and management programs therefor, and more particularly to financial investment management characterized by a unique system of attracting and identifying the Best Investors, including offering, facilitating and managing performance-based investment competitions based on model (virtual) investment portfolios, creating actual portfolios for the identified Best Investor, creating and operating actual mutual funds based on the identified Best Investors as fund managers, and providing a full suite of related subscriber and investor services associated therewith as a fund supermarket. The invention includes facilitation of daily feedback of one or more significant and appropriate financial performance metric(s), preferably the NAV (iTAV), of identified stocks and funds. Performance ranking of advice is provided so that the investor knows the track record (ranking), on an ongoing basis, of a particular advisor, thereby establishing credibility of comments.

Abstract: For sequentially input data string, the outliner and the change point are detected through calculation of the outlier score and the change point score by combining a time-series model learning device to learn the generation mechanism of the read data series as the time-series statistic model, a score calculator to calculate the outlier score of each data based on the time-series model parameter and the input data, a moving average calculator to calculate the moving average of the outlier score, a time-series model learning device to learn the generation mechanism of the moving average series as the time-series statistic model and the above score calculator that further calculates the outlier score of the moving average based on the moving average of the outlier score and outputs the result as the change point score of the original data.

Abstract: A remote control (3, 4) for controlling source devices (PC, DVD, RADIO, MP3, TV1, TV2) and playback devices (B1, B2, TV1, TV2, M) sends a command document (DOC) containing a control command (SB) in the form of text to the source device (PC, DVD, RADIO, MP3, TV1, TV2) or playback device (B1, B2, TV1, TV2, M) to be controlled, with the result that a user-friendly matching of the control commands (SB) and a decoding of control commands (SB) is rendered possible in a plurality of devices.

Abstract: A portable data processing device with one touch control and a switching method thereof apply to the portable data processing device with a touch pad and a built-in one touch control official system, and users can directly press the key on the touch pad to execute the corresponding application program or function.

Abstract: A computer keyboard assembly includes a bottom module connected separably to a top module. The bottom module has a top wall formed with through holes registered respectively with key caps mounted movably on the top module, a wiring board provided with electrical contacts, an actuating unit disposed on the wiring board and having upright biasing members, each extending upwardly through a corresponding through hole and having an actuator contacting electrically a corresponding electrical contact as a result of movement of a corresponding key cap from a normal position to a depressed position, and a keyboard controller for interpreting a mode identification signal from a mode-determining unit of the top module so as to output an identification code corresponding to the mode identification signal.

Abstract: A method of reusing an expression in a hand-held calculator and corresponding apparatus therefore are described. At least one user-entered expression is received and displayed. The user-entered expression is evaluated and the result displayed. A first user input requesting reuse of one of the previously displayed expressions is received and one of the previously displayed expressions is displayed for editing by the user. A second user input requesting reuse of one of the previously displayed expressions is received and one of the previously displayed expressions is displayed for editing by the user at the same time as the previously displayed expression responsive to the first user input.

Abstract: A computer-aided learning method and apparatus for a learning user to learn materials inexpensively. Not only does the apparatus provide the user the freedom as to where and when to learn, and the guidance as to what to learn, the apparatus also reduces a significant hurdle to learning—Tuition. The apparatus retrieves a user identifier entered by the user, and determines whether the user is a learning user or an institute user. If the user is a learning user, the apparatus allows the user to access information regarding learning materials. If the user is an institute user, the apparatus permits the user to access information regarding at least one learning user. The institute user might be interested to use the apparatus to recruit employees to fill job openings. A learning user pays significantly less than an institute user to access information, so as to encourage the learning user to work on learning materials. The apparatus can also track and update information regarding the users.

Abstract: Working with an information system operating an application—are an imager, a coded data source, and a computer-readable signal-bearing medium signal (FIG. 1, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 91, 92, 93) connected to the information system where light from the data source—which represents data—is detected by the imager which inputs a signal—which represents the light—to the information system; where a use component of the medium causes the data to be made available to the application with the application being specified by the data; and where: the image can be from a plurality of imagers signal connected to the information system; the coded data source can be from a plurality of coded data sources; the application can be from a plurality of applications operated by the information system; and the medium can have a plurality of components which cause uses of data, management of imagers, and output signals.

Abstract: A novelty calculator and system of input and data manipulation for amusement. The preferred embodiment of the device contemplates a calculator having a body, keyboard for input of numerical data and functions, and a display similar to standard calculators. However, the calculator of the present invention is programmed to provide manipulated, erroneous responses or answers in response to data entered for a humorous or surprising reaction by an observer. The preferred embodiment of the present system includes function controls to provide predetermined manipulation of the of the data for amusement tailored to select themes.

Abstract: A method and system for automatically identifying the type of communication interface used to couple a portable computer system with a second computer system, and for selecting the form of an application that is used with the type of interface. For example, a debugger application is collaboratively executed on the computer systems over the interface. When entering the debugger mode, software executed on the portable computer system identifies the type of interface by reading a resistance value of a pin. After determining the type of interface, the form of the debugger used with the interface is automatically selected. A similar process is followed for other applications that depend on the type of interface. The user does not have to manually identify the type of interface. Instead, in response to a command that is independent of the type of interface, the proper form of the application is automatically selected.

Abstract: A hybrid microcontroller system for controlling a function of a device in an apparatus. The system controls the switching of the device so as to inhibit the formation of an abrupt transient spike between a pair of current switching contacts. Also, the system enables an operator from outside the system to enter a command relating to a function of the device, and for indicating to the operator outside the system the nature of the command thereof.

Abstract: A input apparatus for vehicle-installed instruments includes main input unit (operation unit) being placed in the proximity of a driver's seat for a user (driver) to switch a plurality of indicators displayed on a display screen into a selection mode and select any desired one of the indicators, thereby operating a vehicle-installed instrument. The main input unit includes leg parts and a palm support part extended in a lateral direction from the upper ends of the leg parts, a plurality of operation switches are placed on the opposite side of either of the leg parts to the extension direction, and an operation dial is placed on a side of the palm support part, enabling the user to move the indicators displayed on the display screen and switch one of the indicators into a selection mode by operating the operation switches and the operation dial.

Abstract: A portable terminal is provided with an internal connector accessible via an opening at one end of the terminal. A peripheral device is integrated with the terminal by coupling a peripheral circuit with the connector via the opening. A peripheral housing may serve to protectively cover the opening. The connector may be coupled with a terminal processor system and with the terminal power supply.