Abstract: An electric power receiving device according to the invention receives an electric power from a primary coil, with which a first alternating voltage is applied and through which a first alternate current flows. The device includes an electric power receiving section and a reducing-voltage generating section. The receiving section includes a secondary coil electromagnetically coupled to the primary coil and a capacitor connected to the secondary coil, and generates a second alternating voltage based upon the first alternating current. The generating section generates a reducing-voltage and applies the reducing-voltage to the receiving section, the reducing-voltage being capable of reducing a reactance voltage generated in the receiving section by a second alternating current generated in the receiving section due to the second alternating voltage, and the reducing-voltage being approximately equal to the second alternating voltage in frequency.

Abstract: A receiver component and a method for enhancing a detection range of a time synchronization process in a receiver utilize multiple cross-correlations of a received signal with a known preamble sequence. The results of the multiple cross-correlations are divided into delay segments. The delay segments of one of the multiple cross-correlations are compared with the delay segments of another of the multiple cross-correlations to determine delay of the delay segments of the one of the multiple cross-correlation results.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a write operation in a nonvolatile memory device to provide wear leveling, where the nonvolatile memory device includes multiple memory blocks. The method includes reading write indication information with respect to at least a selected memory block of the multiple memory blocks; determining whether a write order of data to be stored in the selected memory block is an ascending order or a descending order, based on the write indication information of the selected memory block; and generating addresses of memory regions in the selected memory block in an ascending order when the write order of the data is determined to be an ascending order, and generating addresses of the memory regions in the selected memory block in a descending order when the write order is determined to be a descending order.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, a system and method of detecting wideband signals of bandwidth X within a communications system having a coherency time constant of T. A synchronization signal is generated as a function of a chirp signal that sweeps a portion of bandwidth X. The synchronization signal is transmitted and received as a wideband signal at a receiver. The receiver detects the synchronization signal within the wideband signal received at the receiver by generating a detection signal, correlating the received wideband signal with the detection signal and indicating when the synchronization signal is detected within the wideband signal. The detection signal is a complex conjugate of the synchronization signal.

Abstract: A method for processing a signal derived from a radio frequency signal at some rate in a range of allowable data rates according to one embodiment includes downconverting an incoming signal derived from a radio frequency signal to complex near-baseband signals; processing the complex near-baseband signals in two data correlators corresponding to data 0 and data 1; and changing effective lengths of the correlators based on a symbol data rate of the incoming signal. Such methodology may also be implemented as a system using logic for performing the various operations. Additional systems and methods are also presented.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for analyzing identification (ID) signals by converting radio frequency (RF) signals which are transmitted with an ID signal added thereto by a transmitting part, e.g., a plurality of transmitters or repeaters, into signals of a desired band; creating ID signals that are identical to the ID signals added to the RF signals; calculating correlation values between the converted signals and the created ID signals based on partial correlation; and extracting channel profile of multi-path signals caused by a channel between the transmitting part and the ID signal analyzing apparatus from the correlation value. The technology of the present research is applied to broadcasting and communication.

Abstract: A method for performing channel estimation in a millimeter wave wireless communication system. The method includes receiving complementary sequences at a receiver of the millimeter wave wireless communication system. The received complementary sequences are generated at a first sampling rate; producing special complementary sequences from the received complementary sequences; cross-correlating the special complementary sequences with an input signal related to the received complementary sequences. The cross-correlation is performed at a second sampling rate and the second sampling rate is higher than the first sampling rate; and analyzing the result of the cross-correlation to estimate at least characteristics of a channel between the receiver and a transmitter of the millimeter wave wireless communication system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for determining the temporal position of an analogue trigger signal with relation to an analogue clock signal, comprising an analogue cross-correlator (30), which carries out an analogue cross-correlation between the trigger signal and clock signal to provide a fine resolution.

Abstract: A paper sheet identification apparatus capable of identifying an authenticity of a watermark area formed on a paper sheet is provided without increasing the cost. The paper sheet identification apparatus includes: a light receiving part receiving reflected light from a watermarked image formed on a paper sheet to be conveyed, a converter converting the reflected light from the watermarked image received by the light receiving part for each pixel as a unit of a predetermined size including color information having brightness; and an identification processing part identifying the authenticity of the watermarked image based on a correlation coefficient, which is calculated from a density value for each pixel converted by the converter and a density value for each pixel by the transmitted light from the watermarked image of the bill serving as a reference.

Abstract: A sub-circuit for facilitating the synchronization of event-based samples of signals in a cross-correlation circuit utilizing event-based sampling is provided. The sub-circuit alternatively integrates one of the signals to be cross-correlated and alternates between the signals in response to the output of a hysteretic comparator. The invention extends to a method of manipulating the input signals to a cross-correlation circuit utilizing event-based sampling so-as to facilitate the synchronization of the event-based samples of the signals.

Abstract: A wireless communication device uses a time-invariant delay-Doppler channel response estimate for received signal demodulation. The device provides coherent signal demodulation by accounting for frequency and time selectivity in a land-based mobile communication environment, which arise mainly because of delay and Doppler shifts, respectively. In one embodiment, the wireless communication device includes a channel estimator that estimates channel response in a wireless communication network by estimating a delay-Doppler response of a wireless communication channel to obtain a delay-Doppler channel response estimate and converting the delay-Doppler channel response estimate to a time-varying channel response estimate, e.g., a time-varying frequency or impulse response. The delay-Doppler response may be estimated in a continuous or discrete domain.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for implementing matched filter in a system using QPSK modulation. In the present invention, a multiplier is changed as a multiplexer by using the characteristic of the pilot sequence (or training sequence) so as to implement the matched filter.

Abstract: There is provided a hybrid rake/equalizer receiver for correlating a delay spread in a spread spectrum system. The hybrid rake/equalizer receiver includes a plurality of adaptive equalizers, each for filtering different regions of the delay spread that have an energy level above a pre-specified threshold to respectively provide equalized-descrambled chip sequences for correlation. Equalizer coefficients respectively corresponding to the plurality of adaptive equalizers are updated individually.

Abstract: The n-to-m bit down-scaling correlates a plurality of n-bit correlation integral values into a plurality of m-bit data (n>m). The n-bit correlation integral values are obtained by correlating global positioning system (GPS) signals with a plurality of expected codes. Upper (n?m+1) bits are selected from the n-bit correlation integral values, and (n?m+1)-bit estimated absolute values are obtained. A significant bit of a maximum value of the upper (n?m+1) bits of the estimated absolute values is selected. A scale level is obtained based on the significant bit of the maximum value. The n-bit correlation integral values are down-scaled into the m-bit data based on the scale level. The amount of n-bit correlation integral values is reduced into m-bit correlation integral values by the down-scaling method, and thereby reducing a size of the memory for storing the correlation integral values.

Abstract: A method of convoluting a first signal (32) and a second signal. The method includes generating a multiplication signal responsive to the second signal, multiplying (34) the first signal by a plurality of time shifted versions of the multiplication signal, integrating (38) the products of the multiplying of the first signal and the plurality of time shifted versions of the multiplication signal, the integrations being performed over a time period longer than the time difference between at least two of the time shifted versions, and providing an output signal based on the integrations of the products.

Abstract: A reference structure tomography device is provided which includes a reference structure configured to intercept and modulate energy in the form of waves or otherwise propagating from a source to a sensor, along longitudinal and traverse directions. The reference structure modulates or otherwise conditions the propagating wave to simplify an inversion process on the data set created by the interaction between the wave and the sensors. The reference structure can modulate a wave through multiple types of interactions with the wave including obscuring, defracting, defusing, scattering, and otherwise altering any characteristic of a portion of the wave. By selecting a reference structure that is compatible with the sensors, the number of measurements needed to resolve the source through the source wave is reduced. The reference structure can also increase the resolution of an imaging system.

Abstract: A fast convolution method applicable to convolve a signal with a smooth kernel that can be approximated by a spline kernel, and a system configured to perform such method using software or signal processing circuitry. Unlike Fourier-based convolution methods which require on the order of N log N arithmetic operations for a signal of length N, the method of the invention requires only on the order of N arithmetic operations to do so. Unlike wavelet-based convolution approximations (which typically also require more arithmetic operations than are required in accordance with the invention to convolve the same signal), the method of the invention is exact for convolution kernels which are spline kernels. Moreover, convolution in accordance with the invention can be acyclic convolution (achieved without zero-padding) or cyclic convolution, and in both cases the invention imposes no restriction (such as evenness) on signal length.

Abstract: A sum of product circuit (20) which adds up two input voltages, each of which is multiplied by the prescribed coefficients. The sum of product circuit (20) has a &ngr; MOS transistor (50), a first and a second capacitance (C1, C2), and an output terminal (86). The &ngr; MOS transistor (50) includes a drain (70), source (72), and a floating gate (74). The first and a second capacitance (C1, C2) connects each of two input voltages to the floating gate (74) by capacity coupling. The output terminal (86) outputs a voltage realized between a resister element (R0) and the &ngr; MOS transistor (50). A constant voltage is applied between the drain (70) and the source (72) through the resister element (R0).

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for interrogating a sensor comprising the steps: applying a periodic electrical signal to the sensor; obtaining a signal therefrom; and performing an operation on the obtained signal to obtain the sensor response at a plurality of frequencies, said operation including a transformation to the frequency domain of said signal or a quantity related to said signal.

Abstract: In a correlation arithmetic system adapted to detect a relative difference between two functions, an operation is simplified. This makes it possible to perform the operation with a small scale of hardware and also with great accuracy. There is adopted an operation g*h instead of the "product" in the correlation arithmetic operation. There is disclosed an arithmetic unit in which two numeral values a and b are inputted, and the two numerical values a and b are subjected to a predetermined operation process, so that a numerical value c representative of an operation result is derived. The arithmetic unit has an absolute value operation unit for evaluating an absolute value .vertline.c.vertline. of the numerical value c, and a sign operation unit for evaluating a sign "sing (c)" of the numerical value c.

Abstract: In a correlation arithmetic system adapted to detect a relative difference between two functions, an operation is simplified. This makes it possible to perform the operation with a small scale of hardware and also with great accuracy. There is adopted an operation g*h instead of the "product" in the correlation arithmetic operation. There is disclosed an arithmetic unit in which two numeral values a and b are inputted, and the two numerical values a and b are subjected to a predetermined operation process, so that a numerical value c representative of an operation result is derived. The arithmetic unit has an absolute value operation unit for evaluating an absolute value .vertline.c.vertline. of the numerical value c, and a sign operation unit for evaluating a sign "sign (c)" of the numerical value c.

Abstract: Early and on-time signals are generated from a received CDMA signal for each PN code phase being searched, and the early and on-time signals are each divided into a number of subdwells sequentially in time. A correlation is then performed for each PN code phase search, on subdwells of the early and on-time signals for that PN code phase in a staggered manner in time, by alternating the correlation between the early and on-time signals during each sequential subdwell correlation. A detection statistic for the PN code phase is then generated from the correlation result. In an embodiment of the invention, two PN code phases are searched simultaneously by staggering the subdwell correlations in an alternate fashion between the early and on-time signals, so that each PN code phase uses a different set of subdwell correlations. In an alternative embodiment, a single PN code phase is searched by alternating the correlation between the early and on-time signals during each sequential subdwell correlation.