Abstract: In one embodiment, a set of tunnels is determined that traverse a particular link connected to an intermediate node in a network. The intermediate node computes, in a coordinated path computation, paths for tunnels of the set of tunnels that do not include the particular link. The coordinated path computation considers each of the tunnels of the set of tunnels. The intermediate node selects one or more tunnels of the set of tunnels for preemption. The one or more tunnels are selected as tunnels that are reroutable by respective head-end nodes of the one or more other tunnels. Notifications are sent to one or more other intermediate nodes that inform the one or more other intermediate nodes of the one or more tunnels selected for preemption.

Abstract: A data center network system and a packet forwarding method thereof are provided. The data center network system includes a virtual bridge and an address resolution protocol (ARP) server. The virtual bridge intercepts an ARP request having an identification field and a destination IP address field and adds a corresponding virtual data center identification to the identification field of the ARP request and redirecting the ARP request to the ARP server. Additionally, the ARP server queries a corresponding MAC address according to an IP address recorded in the destination IP address field of the ARP request and the corresponding VDCID recorded in the identification field of the ARP request, and transmits the corresponding MAC address in response to the ARP request. Accordingly, the same private IP address can be reused in the data center network system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention a method for policing a packet at line rate. A hierarchical policer receives a policer request comprising packet characteristics and identifying request configuration information. The hierarchical policer retrieves meter states specified by the request configuration information. The hierarchical policer processes packet characteristics through meters to generate a meter result. The hierarchical policer generates a hierarchical policer table lookup address using a plurality of meter types, a plurality of input color controls, one or more of the packet characteristics, the meter results, and a plurality of coupling algorithm identifiers. The hierarchical policer reads a hierarchical meter result from a hierarchical policer result table, containing at least a final output packet attribute that classifies the packet. The hierarchical policer updates one or more of the meter states based on the plurality of meter state results.

Abstract: System, apparatus, and methods for dynamically managing logical path resources are provided. The logical path resources are managed by adding, removing, and establishing logic paths based on specified priority schemes associated with the logical path resources. Information associated with the logical path resources is updated in a logical path resource table.

Abstract: A switch element and a method for routing packets in an IB Multi Level switch and network is provided. The method includes determining if alternate routing is enabled for a packet; determining an alternate route address for the packet, if alternate routing is enabled; and routing the packet using the alternate route address, if the alternate route address is valid. The switch element includes a routing table in a port that determines a base route address; and if alternate routing is enabled for a packet, the port determines an alternate route address for a packet; and routes the packet using the alternate route address.

Abstract: A method and system is provided to reduce the time to restore links in a communication system. The method and system employ a preplanned backbone zone to eliminate downtime searches for alternate paths. Efficient use of restoration techniques assures that inter-zone routes are properly allocated. Alternate paths are chosen by calculating shortest paths from a root node to a target node. The shortest paths are placed in a table for lookup whenever a communication failure occurs. Considerations as to cost and length are taken into account in determining the alternative routes.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods that route a communication link to a proper destination are disclosed. The method may include connecting the communication link to a first destination; requesting a response from the first destination; validating the response from the first destination; and disconnecting the communication link to the first destination if the response from the first destination is not valid. The method may also include connecting the communication link to a second destination; requesting a response from the second destination; and disconnecting the communication link to the second destination if the response from the second destination is not valid. The devices, systems and methods may provide hunt group, call center and conference call features as discussed later herein.

Abstract: A system and method of demultiplexing Provider Backbone Bridging Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) service instances. The method is used when monitoring service instances between a first bridge port and a second bridge port by exchanging CFM frames over each service instance. The CFM frame is received by the second bridge port where the complete ESP—3-tuple is demultiplexed. The CCM frames may be demultiplexed by a Full Traffic Engineering Service Instance Multiplex Entity which demultiplexes both the source address value and destination address value of the CCM frames.

Abstract: Network devices include proxies and where multiple proxies are present on a network, they can probe to determine the existence of other proxies. Where more than two proxies are present and thus different proxy pairings are possible, the proxies are programmed to determine which proxies should form a proxy pair. Marked probe packets are used by proxies to discover each other and probing is done such a connection can be eventually formed even if some probe packets fail due to the marking. Asymmetric routing can be detected and proxies configured for connection forwarding as necessary.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to promptly reestablishing communication between nodes in a dynamic computer network and dynamically maintaining an address list in an unstable network. A computer system sends a message to other message queuing nodes in a network, where each node in the message queuing network includes a corresponding persistent unique global identifier. The computer system maintains a list of unique global identifiers and the current network addresses of those network nodes from which the message queuing node has received a message or to which the message queuing node has sent a message. The computer system goes offline for a period of time and upon coming back online, sends an announcement message to each node maintained in the list indicating that the message queuing node is ready for communication in the message queuing network, where each message includes the destination node's globally unique identifier and the node's current network address.

Abstract: Image data for frames of a moving image is transmitted from a first computer to a second computer. A region of interest for all of the frames in the moving image is identified by calculations using the image data for at least some of the frames. Coordinates for the region of interest are transmitted. Image data for a first frame and second frame for the region of interest is encoded and transmitted. A region surrounding the region of interest is identified. Coordinates for the region surrounding the region of interest are transmitted. Image data for the first frame for the region surrounding the region of interest is encoded and transmitted, wherein transmission of the encoded image data for the first frame for the region surrounding the region of interest is effected after transmission of encoded image data for both of the first and second frames for the region of interest.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a content router configured to couple to a customer node and implement joint server selection (SS) and path selection (PS) to meet a user request for content and achieve load balancing for transporting the requested content in a provider network. Also disclosed is a network component comprising a receiver unit in a content router or switch configured to receive a user request for content, a content routing engine configured to implement a joint SS and PS algorithm to select a plurality of servers that comprise the content and a plurality of paths that achieve load balancing for transporting the content, and a transmitter unit configured to indicate the selected servers and paths to a provider network.

Abstract: An image forming method, an image forming apparatus, and a host include determining if a disorder is generated in a network set to perform an operation among networks between an image forming apparatus including at least two network interfaces and a host, and if a disorder is generated in the set network, networking the image forming apparatus with the host via a non-disordered network interface.

Abstract: A technique for operating a network involves controlling the black-holing of traffic by selectively redirecting unicast traffic destined for a dual-homed customer equipment (CE) device from a first provider backbone bridge (PBB) provider edge (PE) device to a second PBB PE device in response to a service failure. Unicast traffic is selectively redirected from the first PBB PE device to the second PBB PE device for a time interval that is long enough to enable the customer source MAC address (CMAC)-to-backbone MAC address (BMAC) association of the second PBB PE device to be learned by other PBB PE devices.

Abstract: A method of detecting proximity between a media proxy and a client uses a proximity probe to query a plurality of media proxies, forcing the media proxies to respond to a proximity server. The proximity server uses an algorithm to determine which media proxy is closest to the client based on the responses. In an alternate embodiment, the same sorts of proximity probes may be used to determine if two media endpoints have a direct connection such that they may bypass a media proxy.

Abstract: A method for enabling co-existence of multiple machines with identical addresses within a single data center network. The method includes assigning a unique pseudo identifier to each machine in the network that can be used for routing a packet to a destination machine, replacing a sender media access control address on an address resolution protocol request with a pseudo identifier of the sender at an edge network switch, retrieving a private network identifier from a mapping table based on the sender pseudo identifier and returning a pseudo identifier for the destination address based on the private network identifier, and replacing the pseudo identifier of the destination address with an actual identifier at a destination edge network switch for routing the packet to the destination machine.

Abstract: The present solution is directed to providing, transparently and seamlessly to any client or server, layer 2 redirection of client requests to any services of a device deployed in parallel to an intermediary device An intermediary device deployed between the client and the server may intercept a client request and check if the request is to be processed by a service provided by one of the devices deployed in parallel with the intermediary device. The service may be any type and form of service or feature for processing, checking or modifying the request, including a firewall, a cache server, a encryption/decryption engine, a security device, an authentication device, an authorization device or any other type and form of service or device described herein. The intermediary device may select the machine to process the request and use layer 2 redirection to the machine.

Abstract: The device configuration of a communication system capable of wireless data communication between a plurality of terminal apparatuses is confirmed, together with the operating condition of each of the terminal apparatuses and the channel condition of wireless data communication. Whether a service that can be provided as a communication system is executable is identifiably displayed on a display based on the confirmation results.

Abstract: Diversity constraints with respect to connections or links in a client layer are conveyed to a server layer where those links or connections are served by paths in the server layer. A network device in the server layer stores data associated paths in the server layer with identifiers for connections in the client layer. The network device in the server layer receives from a network device in the client layer a request to set up a path in the server layer for a connection in the client layer. The network device in the server layer receives information describing the diversity requirements associated with connections in the client layer. The server layer network device computes a route in the server layer for the connection specified in the request based on the diversity requirements.

Abstract: A system and an article of manufacture for enabling co-existence of multiple machines with identical addresses within a single data center network. include assigning a unique pseudo identifier to each machine in the network that can be used for routing a packet to a destination machine, replacing a sender media access control address on an address resolution protocol request with a pseudo identifier of the sender at an edge network switch, retrieving a private network identifier from a mapping table based on the sender pseudo identifier and returning a pseudo identifier for the destination address based on the private network identifier, and replacing the pseudo identifier of the destination address with an actual identifier at a destination edge network switch for routing the packet to the destination machine.

Abstract: A method and member device for forwarding service messages in an Intelligent Resilient Framework (IRF) system and an IRF system. In the method, each member device in the IRF system is allocated to at least two virtual devices, and at least one stack link for each virtual device is configured in order to connect interface boards among different member devices. When it is determined according to a forwarding entry of an interface board in a first member device receiving a service message that the service message is to be transmitted to a second member device, the service message is forwarded via the at least one stack link configured for the virtual device of that interface board.

Abstract: Systems and methods can include converting multi-channel circuit switched voice data to packet-switched voice over internet protocol (VoIP). A multi-channel connection originating from one or more customer premise equipment private branch exchanges can be terminated at a channel to packet gateway device. Call data originating from multiple customer premise equipment telephony devices can be received through the multi-channel connection associated with the one or more customer premise equipment private branch exchanges, and can be processed at the channel to packet gateway device responsive to call control instruction information. The payload data associated with the call data can be packaged according to predetermined packaging rules and transmitted according to VoIP.

Abstract: Each of a first switching processor and a second switching processor included in a switching device switches plural pieces of data to determined destinations. A controller bypass-transmits a determined number of pieces of data received by the first switching processor to the second switching processor according to a congestion state of the first switching processor to make both of the first switching processor and the second switching processor perform a switching process. Alternatively, the controller bypass-transmits a determined number of pieces of data received by the second switching processor to the first switching processor according to a congestion state of the second switching processor to make both of the first switching processor and the second switching processor perform a switching process.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for redirecting internet relay chat (IRC) traffic identified utilizing a port-independent algorithm and controlling IRC based malware. In use, IRC traffic communicated via a network is identified utilizing a port-independent algorithm. Furthermore, the IRC traffic is redirected to a honeypot.

Abstract: A rule indicates that data having particular characteristics be automatically routed to a particular destination. When software on a switching device detects a new data stream, it is analyzed to determine whether it has characteristics specified by the rule. If it does, the packet is encapsulated with a special tag, indicating that the packet should be routed to the new destination. Also, an entry is added to a quick-lookup table in the switching device. The entry indicates that future packets in the data stream that have the same source and destination port and address should also be routed to the new destination.

Abstract: In one embodiment, single-homing and active-active multi-homing is provided in a Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS). A customer edge node actively communicates frames of a same Virtual Private Network (VPN) instance with two or more VPLS nodes of a VPLS network. The VPLS nodes are configured to appropriately forward frames throughout the VPLS network: without looping of a frame sent by the same external node back to the same external node, without flooding multiple copies of a frame to the same external node, and while performing learning of addresses in forwarding tables of said VPLS nodes such that said forwarding tables of said VPLS nodes converge despite frames of the same LAN service being received by said at least two of said VPLS nodes from the same external node.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing packet flows in a communication network are provided. Packet information can be cached on different levels and used to avoid external queries. The cache information can also be correlated with other types of information, such as location information, to be able to serve that information quicker than if one or more external queries were to be made. A demux manager can provide routing and session setup, by routing packets that already have a session to the session manager and assigning packets to a session manager if they are not already assigned to a session. The tiered architecture also provides scalability to many users and minimizes delays even during high call volumes because the load can be distributed well across the gateway's resources.

Abstract: A uniform resource locator (URL) mapping and routing system and method for generating, routing, and managing URLs is used to route internet users to application landing pages or websites based on a URL mapping scheme. Routing instructions for the URL may route a user accessing a URL to a destination landing page or an alternate landing page depending on routing instructions in the URL mapping scheme.

Abstract: A method and device for determining a route including: presetting the number N of routes, performing a K shortest paths algorithm after a route query request is received, calculating the routes by group according to the number N of the routes, whenever N routes are calculated, outputting the N calculated routes as a group, and assigning resources to the group of routes; and stopping calculating the routes if a route on which resource matching is successful is obtained from the group of routes, and using the route on which the resource matching is successful as the determined route; otherwise, performing the resource matching on the next group of output routes to determine a route; where N is a positive integer and 1<N<K.

Abstract: An energy-efficient architecture for wide area network (WAN) Internet Protocol (IP) backbones in which a condensed core apparatus routes packets between access routers of different points of presence (PoPs), where the PoPs do not need to include core routers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for optimising a communications network (101) comprising a plurality of heterogeneous network resources. The method comprises receiving a communication request from a device (106a, 106b, 105, 107a, 107b) for setting up a communication through one of a plurality of heterogeneous network resources; selecting, in accordance with at least one communication characteristic, a network resource of the plurality of network resources through which the communication is to be set-up; and establishing the communication through the selected network resource.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method comprises creating, in a computing network, a hierarchal routing topology for reaching a destination, the hierarchal routing topology comprising a single parent supernode providing reachability to the destination, and a plurality of child supernodes, each child supernode comprising one or more exit network devices each providing a corresponding link to the parent supernode; receiving, in one of the child supernodes, a data packet for delivery to the destination; causing the data packet to traverse along any available data link in the one child supernode independent of any routing topology established by network devices in the one child supernode, until the data packet reaches one of the exit network devices; and the one exit network device forwarding the data packet to the parent supernode, via the corresponding link, for delivery to the destination.

Abstract: Systems and methods of resource compatibility for data centers are disclosed. In an example, the method may include accessing a condition for utilizing resources. The method may also include comparing the condition to compatibility information for the resources in a data center. The method may also include using the comparison to identify a supported configuration for the resources in the data center satisfying the condition.

Abstract: The present solution provides a spillover management technique for virtual servers of an appliance based on health. Using a health based spillover technique, a network appliance may direct requests to a backup or second virtual server upon determining that a predetermined percentage of services being load balanced are down. In this manner, the spillover will occur based on a user controlled determination of a level of services being down to the number of services enabled. Instead of waiting for a last service of a virtual server to be marked down to spillover to another virtual server, the spillover may occur based on a user specified percentage. For example, the appliance may spillover from one virtual server to another virtual server when the number of services marked down relative to the number of enabled services falls below a specified percentage.

Abstract: A system and method for providing multimedia communication between a firewall protected, LAN based endpoint and an endpoint that is external to the LAN. A logical port of a multimedia communications control unit is attached to the LAN behind the firewall. Another logical port of the multimedia communications control unit is attached to the external endpoint. Multimedia communication data, consisting of call management data and media data, can be exchanged between the endpoints via the multimedia communications control unit. The multimedia communications control unit allows only multimedia communication data that strictly adheres to a particular communications protocol to pass through. Thus, the security afforded by the firewall is not compromised.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a plurality of spoke-to-hub virtual private network (VPN) tunnels are established from a spoke router located at an edge of a spoke network to a hub network. The spoke router is configured as an optimized edge routing (OER) node. The spoke router monitors a network statistic for each of a plurality of prefixes on each of the plurality of spoke-to-hub VPN tunnels. The monitored network statistic is analyzed to determine whether a distribution of traffic between the spoke network and the hub network can be optimized. In the event the distribution of traffic between the spoke network and the hub network can be optimized, traffic is redistributed on a per-prefix basis among the plurality of spoke-to-hub VPN tunnels based on the monitored network statistic, such that at least a portion of the traffic is routed over each of the plurality of spoke-to-hub VPN tunnels.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that enable more than one server to host a resource using a shared IP address such that a client may generally access the resource on any of the servers using the shared IP address are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for providing paths that allow a client to access a resource in a TCP/IP network includes obtaining an IP address, as well as associating the IP address to first and second servers. The first and second servers support the resource at the IP address, and a first path of the plurality of paths that allow the client to access the resource is between the client and the first server and a second path of the plurality of paths that allow the client to access the resource is between the client and the second server.

Abstract: A method implemented by a network element functioning as a home agent (HA) for a mobile node (MN) communicating with a corresponding node (CN) using Mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (MIPv6), the method including selecting by the HA a virtual home agent (VHA) in the network to provide home agent services to the MN with a better quality of service than the HA, sending a flow switch request (FSR) message to the selected VHA, the FSR message including a home keygen token, an address of the CN and a care-of address of the MN, the FSR message to cause the selected VHA to direct the CN to send data traffic for the MN to the selected VHA instead of the HA, and receiving a flow switch acknowledgement (FSA) message from the VHA indicating that the selected VHA has successfully redirected the data traffic from the CN to the MN.

Abstract: A transmission device is included in a communication network, and the transmission device includes a link trace frame transfer unit that transfers, from a first transferring port corresponding to an operation system route, a first link trace frame that is received and that is destined to a target transmission device, and that transfers, from a second transferring port corresponding to a preliminary system route, a second link trace frame that is distinguishable from the first link trace frame, when transferring ports of the transmission device have a route redundancy configuration; and a link trace response frame transmission unit that transmits, in response to receiving the second link trace frame, a second link trace response frame to an origin transmission device, the second link trace response frame being distinguishable from a first link trace response frame that is transmitted in response to receiving the first link trace frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of allowing client roaming between gateways of a wireless mesh network is disclosed. The gateways are connected through a layer 3 network to an aggregation router. The method includes a first gateway sending a first route update to the aggregation router when a client joins a first cluster of the first gateway, the first gateway aging the route, and a second gateway sending a second route update to the aggregation router when the client roams to a second cluster of the second gateway.

Abstract: A critical notification is reliably delivered to at least one participant in a real-time communication session. A candidate delivery channel is selected, and a set of one or more communication state variables associated with the candidate delivery channel are identified. Current values associated with the communication state variables and determined, and a determination is made as to whether the current values associated with the communication state variables indicate that the notification can currently be reliably delivered using the candidate delivery channel. If the notification cannot currently be reliably delivered using the candidate delivery channel, an alternative delivery option is selected that may include using an alternative delivery channel and/or delaying delivery of the notification.

Abstract: Selected modalities of a multimodal communication session may be diverted over different networks by an administrator or automatically to reduce burden on utilized networks. Modalities may be selected and diverted over different networks including the Internet for the same multimodal communication session based on network conditions, communication session attributes, participant attributes, and similar factors.

Abstract: A method of detecting proximity between a media proxy and a client uses a proximity probe to query a plurality of media proxies, forcing the media proxies to respond to a proximity server. The proximity server uses an algorithm to determine which media proxy is closest to the client based on the responses. In an alternate embodiment, the same sorts of proximity probes may be used to determine if two media endpoints have a direct connection such that they may bypass a media proxy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a server apparatus including a conversion unit which, in case another terminal takes part anew in a group of terminals, during a time of transmitting the copied stream or packet, converts a video frame to a non-predictive frame and transmits the non-predictive frame and transmits a video signal following the non-predictive frame, as it is.

Abstract: Processing a browser request that specifies a destination network resource generally includes intercepting a browser request that specifies a selected destination network resource and redirecting the browser request to a network server that differs from the destination resource specified by the browser request. Processing a browser request also may include intercepting a browser request received from a client computer at a proxy server when the browser request specifies a selected destination network resource and performing instructions associated with and in addition to instructions performed to download the selected destination network resource.

Abstract: DNS-based content routing techniques are described. In one or more implementations, data is examined that describes interactions via a network with content via a domain name. Responsive to the examination, a policy is adjusted to change how one or more network addresses are resolved for the domain name for access to the content. A communication is formed that includes the adjusted policy to be communicated to one or more domain name system (DNS) servers, the adjusted policy configured to specify which network address are resolved for the domain name by the one or more DNS servers for access to the content.

Abstract: Processing a browser request that specifies a destination network resource generally includes intercepting a browser request that specifies a selected destination network resource and redirecting the browser request to a network server that differs from the destination resource specified by the browser request. Processing a browser request also may include intercepting a browser request received from a client computer at a proxy server when the browser request specifies a selected destination network resource and performing instructions associated with and in addition to instructions performed to download the selected destination network resource.

Abstract: A computer system implements a method to redirect a user request containing a keyword to a target URL. Once received by the system, the user request is processed to extract the keyword. The keyword is then utilized to retrieve a target URL associated with the keyword. Such association is pre-established by the collective intelligence of a user community. The collective intelligence of the user community builds consensuses in establishing keyword-URL associations. After the target URL is retrieved, the user request is redirected to the target URL, as a response to the original user request received.

Abstract: A facility for publishing information in a distributed network without a central management infrastructure is described. In various embodiments, the facility receives an indication of a new node and a destination node, the new node omitted from a contact list associated with the destination node, the contact list having an approximately logarithmic distribution of neighboring nodes; introduces the new node to the destination node via a permanent circuit; and causes the destination node to add the new node to the contact list when adding the new node improves the logarithmic distribution of neighboring nodes.

Abstract: A system including a first wireless device and a second wireless network device. The first wireless network device is configured to transmit a data frame a first number of times, wherein the first number of times is determined based on a timing resolution associated with the first wireless network device, receive a respective acknowledgement frame in response to each transmission of the data frame, determine an accumulated delay period corresponding to a total time between each transmission of the data frame and reception of the respective acknowledgement frame, and calculate a distance between the first wireless network device and the second wireless network device based on the accumulated delay period and the first number of times. The second wireless network device is configured to receive each transmission of the data frame and transmit the respective acknowledgement frame in response to each transmission of the data frame.