Abstract: A material composed primarily of coffee grounds, along with other commercial and industrial waste materials, in which the materials are uniformly pulverized, skillfully measured and combined to form a homogeneous particulate waste mixture. The composition is alternately turned and rested in a windrow or like apparatus for several months until natural aerobic thermophilic fermentation causes the material composition to have an overall pH level of 5.0 to 7.0 (with an optimum of 6.0), for the purpose of making the minerals latent in the material composition soluble, conducive to healthy plant life, and therefore useable as a plant growth medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel ecological method of phyto-remediation of alkaline ad chemically degraded soils, said method comprising the steps of dispersing biomass obtained from Pelargonium sp. in alkaline or chemically degraded soil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a granular fertilizer for plants, the grains of said fertilizer containing spores and/or mycellium of at least one type of mycorrhizal fungus in sufficient amounts to ensure symbiosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composting accelerator for a plant-derived material, which accelerator comprises wheat bran and/or low-grade flour powder and an organic waste matter and/or organic fertilizer, and optionally a specific composting assistant; and a compost producing process comprising adding, to a plant-derived material, wheat bran and/or low-grade flour powder and an organic waste matter and/or organic fertilizer and optionally a specific fertilization assistant and carrying out composting.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an application of Lumeikesi hybrid rumex acetosa in production of agricultural fertilizer. Lumeikesi hybrid rumex is a new variety, which has high contents of protein, vitamin C and carotene. A nutrient juice of Lumeikesi hybrid rumex is added to weathered coal and converted to humic acid necessary for agricultural fertilizer, then formulated into agricultural fertilizer. The fertilizer can increase yield of crop, improve quantity of fruit and can also reduce environmental pollution and prevent humans from chemical substance.

Abstract: The invention is a sprayable organic fertilizer for application to a plant or plant soil that includes denatured soybean particles having a total protein content of at least fifty and up to ninety per cent by weight, wherein the denatured soybean particles have a particle size of no greater than 250 microns, and wherein the denatured soybean particles are dispersed in an adequate amount of a liquid carrier so that the particles may be evenly sprayed onto the plant or plant soil through a liquid applicator. The denatured soybean particles may be mixed with a yeast extract that stimulates microbial growth. The sprayable organic fertilizer cannot be leached from the soil; cannot burn target plants; enhances the ecosystem of the root zone of the target plants; and, provides a high nitrogen analysis.

Abstract: A method of application of organic fertilizer. In accordance with the teachings of this method plant matter is dehydrated and pelletized to form fertilizer pellets. The fertilizer pellets are then spread on soil. When the fertilizer pellets are hydrated, the fertilizer pellets release nutrients into the soil. This form of organic fertilizer is easy to handle and has a higher concentration of nutrients than other fertilizers made from plant matter.

Abstract: A process for treating animal manure, particularly poultry feces, with concentrated sulfuric acid (about 93 to 95% H2SO4). The product of the process can be used for treating agricultural soils.

Abstract: A process to recover energy, reduce pollution potential, and add value to organic waste such as animal manure is described. The process involves the anaerobic digestion of feedstocks, such as animal manure, at low to high temperatures in batch, semi-continuous or continuous reactors. The process makes use of existing handling and storage equipment at the farm and requires minimal supervision and skill by the operator. The system is not affected by high concentrations of volatile acids and ammonia or nitrogen. The productivity of the anaerobic digester system, in terms of methane a gas production and quality, is exceptionally high. The anaerobic digester requires only a singe reaction vessel. Consequently, the process is low cost and does not interfere with regular farm operations.

Abstract: Kelp/seaweed extract biocatalyst compositions, methods of making the kelp/seaweed extract biocatalyst compositions and methods of using these biocatalyst compositions are disclosed. The biocatalyst compositions are useful in wastewater treatment, bioremediation and the elimination of grease from grease traps and sewage systems. In addition, the biocatalyst compositions are useful in home, garden and lawn care applications.

Abstract: Organic media are derived from natural organic materials, which are coconut dust, simple coconut dust, or those containing coconut staple fibers, coconut pericarp chips, and are beaten bark, which is both broadleaf trees and needleleaf trees, and sawdust. These natural organic materials contain a lot of organic acids and salt (NaCl). The feature of the present invention is treatment using the modifying reagents to eliminate the organic acids and salt that adversely affect the cultivation of plants. The modifying reagents consist of at least one salt selected from among iron salts and aluminum salts, and the modified organic media obtained by modifying the natural organic materials with the modifying reagents. The natural organic materials are preferably coconut dusts, beaten bark, and sawdust. The modifying materials of 0.1 to 5 g is preferably applied to the natural organic materials of 100 g in dry weight.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing the fertilizer made from organic wastes such as food wastes, human excrements, animal excrements, slaugterhouse waste, henhouse waste, fish and shellfish wastes, vegetable wastes and agricultural wastes. Various wastes are mixed and crushed into certain sizes, processes for adjusting the water content, put into the treating tank and digested by mixing a calcined lime. The present invention utilizes a dolomite or mixture of calcined lime and dolomite to provide the first treatment material. This first treatment material is mixed with the supplement material such as charcoal, saw dust, loess, zoelite, chaff, or shell powder to give compost fertilizer. It is also mixed with agricultural products such a watermelons or melons which ferment to provide a special fertilizer for the agricultural product. The treatment material can be added to water and mixed with mugwort, medicinal herb, zeolite, loess, and then extracted to provide a liquid fertilizer.

Abstract: Improved cation exchange zeolite crystalline and zeolite-like plant bed structures are disclosed, preferably saturated with water-based extracts of particular plant/herb materials exhibiting plant growth acceleration properties and synergistically providing also nutrient, and sometimes anti-microbial and insect and fungus repellent properties, as well, and with the adaptability to present the structures in solid, gel and liquid form.

Abstract: A method of treating and fertilizing a lawn comprising separate applications of corn gluten, 100% poultry manure organic lawn/plant fertilizer and milky spore organic soil conditioner in controlled amounts at specific times over a three year period, the times being early spring, late spring/early summer, mid to late summer and late fall or about 50 to 60 days apart commencing in early spring while forsythia is blooming but before lilacs bloom.

Abstract: A soil improver composition produced by digesting a mixture comprising leguminous plant material, igneous rock powder of particle size less than 350 microns, a biodegradable surfactant and water with composting microbes to produce said soil improver composition.

Abstract: The invention includes probiotic soil additive compositions including pulverized alfalfa, a wetting agent, granular humate ore, and a calcium source for promoting healthy plant growth without pesticides. Methods are disclosed for applying the additive, and optimizing application to maintain a preferred ratio of bacterial to fungal biomass or mycorrhizal coverage of the roots to promote disease resistant plant growth. A method is disclosed for applying the composition to promote deterioration of thatch when grass is grown. When applied to grass turf the invention imparts resistance to common grass turf diseases.

Abstract: Compost of the present invention has a weight ratio (C/N) of carbon (C) to nitrogen (N) of 9.5 or less on completion of a compost treatment. Further, a method of the present invention for producing the compost comprises the steps of providing a compost material having the weight ratio (C/N) of carbon (C) to nitrogen (N) of 10.5 or less, and carrying out the compost treatment of the compost material by maintaining water content thereof substantially at 30-60%. Thus, the present invention provides the compost excellent in fertilizing activity and the production method thereof.

Abstract: A method of recycling organic wastes in which organic wastes such as garbage from households, restaurants are recycled and utilized as a pro-ferment for other organic wastes such as feces and urine of domestic animals, pruned branches, bush, and lawn, which are generated at parks, river terraces, roads, and the like to utilize them as compost. In the organic waste recycling method according to the present invention, a pro-ferment, which is obtained by mixing a medium with an organic waste, is mixed with another organic waste to accelerate fermentation of the latter organic waste and produce compost. In the above method, the medium may be composed of dried coffee refuse, one of wheat bran and coconut fiber, and a ferment bacillus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing compost, characterized in that when the compost is produced by inoculating aerobic composting seed bacteria to an organic waste material, the process comprises: supplying oxygen while the waste material is stirred, and supplying water so that the water content of the waste material is 60±5%, and to a process for producing compost, characterized in that when the compost is produced by inoculating aerobic composting seed bacteria to an organic waste material, the process comprises, after begining of the fermentation, adding sugars to the waste material in a divisional manner before a main fermentation is transferred to the amine/ammonium metabolic system. Further, according to the present invention, an apparatus for producing compost is provided.

Abstract: A method of converting organic waste to a useful end product by aerobic thermophilic fermentation process within a short period of time, includes the steps of mixing the organic waste that naturally contains microorganisms with the porous material as a fermentation medium in a mixing digester to form a waste mixture, providing an external heat source to transfer heat into the waste mixture of the organic waste and the porous material, maintaining the waste mixture at a thermophilic temperature to create microbial symbiosis and mutualism reaction to proliferate and grow beneficial thermophilic microorganisms between the porous material and microorganisms that naturally present in the organic waste and allowing whereby the microbial reaction to accelerate the organic waste fermentation and decomposition speed and decompose the organic waste into the usefil end product within a short period of time.

Abstract: A method for treating infectious organic waste material such as dewatered sewage sludge, mixed organic wastes and animal waste. The method includes mixing the infectious organic waste material with a comminuted organic fibrous material to provide a reaction mixture. An oxidizing agent is an optional additive. The reaction mixture is heated in a hyperbaric reactor vessel at an elevated pressure and temperature for a time sufficient to create saturated steam and to produce a substantially denatured product containing inactivated pathogenic agents. The denatured product is dehydrated to produce a free-flowing solid product that may be used in various agricultural, industrial or commercial applications. Odor is controlled so that malodorous compounds are not released to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method produces surprising results by increasing the yield of a plant. The method includes the step of foliarly applying crystalline birefringent raw starch granules. The granules are applied under selected temperature, moisture, and sunlight conditions and during a selected period of time prior to row closure.

Abstract: A method for composting organic waste materials utilizing aerobic and anaerobic decomposition processes simultaneously is disclosed. The method of the present invention is carried out by forming a compost pile of organic waste material which will decompose aerobically by microbes indigenous to the waste material. A cavity of predetermined size is formed within the compost heap and filled with alternating layers of organic waste material which will decompose anaerobically followed by a layer of waste material which will decompose aerobically until the cavity is filled. The parameters of the decomposition processes including temperature, water content, aeration, and moisture percolation are monitored to ensure that adequate conditions are met for both decomposition processes to proceed simultaneously. After a predetermined time interval has passed, the organic waste materials deposited within the central cavity of the compost heap are harvested to obtain a nutrient rich, soil additive.

Abstract: Sprayable aqueous fertilizer compositions comprising humic acid in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and boron, when applied to sugar-containing plant leaves, achieves a dual purpose of significantly altering the sugar-content of such leaves and eliminating infestation of such leaves by sugar-eating, slow-moving, soft-bodied insects.

Abstract: A soil top dressing resulting from the method of taking a quantity of sand comprised of a plurality of sand particles; coating the sand particles with a liquid plasticizer material comprised of a mixture of water and at least one from the group of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, silicon rubber latex or glycerol, adding a quantity of clay comprised of a plurality of clay particles, along with a quantity of the plasticizer material to the coated sand particles; adding a quantity of kelp to coat said sand coated particles; and coating the kelp with calamovilla longifolia.

Abstract: Processes for forming a stabilized liquid biochemical agricultural product containing an organic solvent extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis comprising subjecting an organic solvent extract of dried particulate Reynoutria sachalinensis to first and second extract concentration stages, and wherein prior to said second extract concentration stage, the concentrated extract from said first extract concentration stage is mixed with a liquid stabilizer, most preferably a liquid nitrogen-containing fertilizer.

Abstract: An integrated system and method for removing excess nutrients from water, for removing the nutrients from the removal site, and for enhancing soil includes bioremediating water to be treated with cultured algae or another suitable plant matter in an attached periphyton bed, harvesting the algae/plant matter to produce a wet algal biomass, and mixing the wet biomass with a shredded fibrous material to produce a pulp. The pulp can be molded into a biodegradable package that can be utilized as a delivery vehicle to a site having nutrient-enrichable soil, where the package can be used as a soil amendment after being used as a delivery vehicle.

Abstract: Methods, devices and compositions directed to the delivery of a preferably organic formulation of plant nutrients to indoor and outdoor potted plants, cut flowers, vegetable, herb, and flower seedlings, and other types of plants. The methods, devices and compositions form a simple, safe, non-toxic, cost effective and easy to use delivery system comprising the use of a plant nutrient composition. The plant nutrient composition is typically dry and is maintained in a plant nutrient delivery system during storage and shipping. When ready for use, the plant nutrient composition is contacted with hot water to release the plant nutrients retained within the plant nutrient composition, and the resulting infusion is cooled, and then administered to the plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cultivation substrate and to a method of preparing the same. The cultivation substrate of the invention contains comminuted plants selected from among knot grass, C.sub.4 plants and plants of the cannabis and Dicksonia genuses, and is suited as a peat substitute.

Abstract: Improved cation exchange zeolite crystalline and zeolite-like plant bed structures are disclosed, preferably saturated with water-based extracts of particular plant/herb materials exhibiting plant growth acceleration properties and synergistically providing also nutrient, and sometimes anti-microbial and insect and fungus repellent properties, as well, and with the adaptability to present the structures in solid, gel and liquid form.

Abstract: Manufacturing procedures and compositions for soil enhancers and the like are disclosed. A solution is formed from adding humate to water under constant agitation. Sodium Bicarbonate is added to the solution, resulting in a reaction allowing silica to precipitate out of the solution. The resulting solution is about 12% humic acid. Additional water is added to the solution along with a series of crude protein sources, including fish protein, blood extract, and feather meal. Following the addition of each protein source to the humic acid solution, citric acid is added to increase the protein solubility. Sarsaponins (Yucca extract) is then added to stabilize microbial activity. Additional water is added to the resulting mix, followed by the addition of sugar beet waste lime (calcium carbonate). The calcium carbonate brings the mixture to a pH of about the range of 6.8 to 7.2, which has been found to be encouraging for microbial activity. Seaweed is then added to the mix.

Abstract: The method of treating wastewater or bioorganic sludges containing odor, animal viruses, pathogenic bacteria, and parasites to produce a bioactive but stabilized product that is useful as a soil substitute or as a fertilizer which can be applied directly to lands which consists essentially of the following steps: mixing said sludge with at least one alkaline material, wherein the amount of added material mixed with said sludge is sufficient to raise the pH of said mixture to pH 12, and raise the conductivity to disinfect and stabilize the sludge, and adding green waste at different process locations so that a biological action occurs converting the greenwaste into a soil-like granular product with improved odor over that of the treated municipal sludge alone or a composted greenwaste alone.

Abstract: An improved agricultural carrier and a method of making the carrier is disclosed. The granular carrier is adapted for carrying a low-melting chemical, specifically pesticides. An aromatic solvent is used to dissolve the low-melting chemical, before combining it with the carrier. The granular carrier unexpectedly exceeds its liquid holding capacity for the low-melting chemical.

Abstract: A fertilizer comprising a dewatered solid agricultural nutrient is disclosed. A method for preparing this fertilizer is provided including the steps of providing a raw agricultural waste to be treated, adding to the raw agricultural waste an effective amount of a composition comprising a quaternized amino methylated polyacrylamide polymer for separating the raw agricultural waste into a mixture having a separate clarified liquid portion and a separate dewatered nutrient solids portion, wherein the separated dewatered nutrient solids portion is a fertilizer, mixing the composition with the raw agricultural waste to facilitate the separation of the raw agricultural waste into the mixture, and subjecting the mixture to at least one mechanical separation means for segregating the separated clarified liquid portion from the fertilizer. An aqueous system comprising water, raw agricultural waste and a composition comprising a quaternized amino methylated polyacrylamide polymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a moisture retaining cellulose matrix comprising zeolite bonded fibers hollowed by chemical immersion capable of temporally absorbing suitable and essential plant nutrients that are encased in a gelatinous halo, such that the nutrients do not leach and become polutinous to ground water when introduced to the soil. Such soluble nutrients are made readily available to plant roots that are attracted to each growth complex so formed by cellular polarization. Inert micro-organisms present in the matrix are activated on contact with moisture and ingest the cellulose residue over a growing season, a by-product of this process being humic acid the precursor of humus.

Abstract: The present invention provides an all-natural, non-chemically modified supplement for increasing the growth and/or crop yield of fungi in a growth medium comprising corn gluten meal having a particle size range of from about 10 to about 40 mesh, having a moisture content of less than about 10% and having a protein content of about 60% or greater of the total weight percent of the corn gluten meal. The present invention also provides processes for preparing the nutrient supplement, compositions containing the nutrient supplement and media and processes for growing fungi.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method and apparatus for producing carbon dioxide, fungicidal compounds and thermal energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treating material for animal excretions comprising agglomerates of a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion treating base material and fine powder of water-absorbent resin sprinkled on the agglomerates, and also to a method of producing a treating material for animal excretions which comprises forming agglomerates from a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion base treating material using water and then, sprinkling fine powder of a water-absorbent resin on the agglomerates. The treating material for animal excretions according to the invention can quickly absorb moisture, and its surface is brought to a half dry condition soon after it absorbs urine. Thus, it is possible to prevent urine from being attached to the pet's fur and paw, and contaminating the room or the like. Further, by absorbing urine, the treating material becomes a rubber-like mass. Thus, only its portion having absorbed urine can be easily taken out and disposed.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of organic agricultural waste into a soil amendment uses earthworms. The organic material is rent into small pieces, placed in a rick with 60% or more moisture. Earthworms are added to the rick for the consumption of the decomposing organic material. Succeeding ricks are added as the material is being consumed until the resulting castings can be most efficiently separated from the earthworms and remaining organic material. Storage as silage of the organic agricultural material may be employed between harvesting and addition of the earthworms.

Abstract: A method of processing fibrous waste materials, such as textile waste, in which the waste materials which are not particulate are formed into particles, and the particles are thoroughly mixed to form a waste mixture. The waste mixture has an increased temperature which allows the mixture to be used as a heat source as well as a plant growth medium. A particulate source of calcium may be added to the mixture if it is to be used as a plant growth medium. The plant growth medium may be mixed after formation with a dry wood waste mixture to enhance both its growth and heat properties.

Abstract: The invention concerns a high-grade, long-duration, organic fertilizer and a method of manufacturing it by the oxidative ammonolysis of industrial lignin. The fertilizer contains nitrogen in the form of ammonium compounds, normally hydrolyzable amides and more strongly bound organic nitrogen. The proportion of more strongly bound organic nitrogen is 55 to 85%, preferably 65 to 80%, relative to the total nitrogen content of the fertilizer. The manufacturing process uses industrial lignin precipitated under alkaline conditions from alkaline waste liquors, extracts or solutions. Preliminary tests have confirmed that this process gives a natural-like, high-grade, long-duration fertilizer similar to humus in character and with surprisingly good environmental compatibility.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of treating all types of green organic material including small timber pieces, shrubbery, grass cuttings and other green organic material mixing various size components of such organic material together with fertilizer nutrients allowing the mixture to stand in a naturally formed windrow or windrows of substantially triangular cross section with a predetermined amount of moisture therein monitoring the temperature of the windrow until such time as there is a significant drop in temperature indicating that the chemical reaction has been completed.

Abstract: A process for making organic slow release nitrogenous fertilizers from pyrolysis products obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass uses a chemical reaction to combine a nitrogen compound containing the --NH.sub.2 group with the pyrolysis products to form a mixture. The mixture is heated to form organic nitrogen compounds. Various sources of biomass can be used. The mixture can be heated to remove water and to cause polymerization and solidification to occur. The mixture can also be combined with an absorbent. Previously, nitrogenous fertilizers had been produced using an ammoxidation process requiring long reaction times of up to several hours.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of decontaminating soil and/or sediments containing DDT type contaminants by converting these contaminants into harmless materials thereby decontaminating the soil to whatever extent desired, either partial decontamination or complete remediation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of decontaminating soil and/or sediments containing DDT type contaminants by converting these contaminants into harmless materials thereby decontaminating the soil to whatever extent desired, either partial decontamiation or complete remediation. The process comprises treating solid and/or sediment which contains populations of viable anaerobic and aerobic microbes capable of transforming DDT type contaminants into harmless materials and being viable under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for rendering humic acid bearing particulates substantially free of dust. An aqueous solution that includes one of a caustic humate and a caustic soda is prepared and mixed with humic acid bearing particulates in a concentration and for a duration such that an adhesive humate gel forms about the particulates. The gel causes adjoining particulates to bind together. The mixture is allowed to dry such that the mixture is substantially free of dust-size particulates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of disposing obsolete planting seed treated with seed-protectant coatings, especially coatings comprising captan or any of the other widely used compounds such as, for example, pirimiphos-methyl and thiram, alone or in combination with other fungicidally or even insecticidally active compounds, which process comprises subjecting the said plant seed to a compostation.

Abstract: A process for disposal of organic waste containing large quantities of fat or oil. A sample of the waste is decomposed in soil containing ample quantities of nutrients required for decomposition, specifically nitrogen and phosphorus. Resulting test data indicates how much nutrient material is required for decomposition, and how much, and when, nutrient material is released to the soil after decomposition. The waste is then incorporated into soil in a field, and nutrients are applied to induce a rapid decomposition phase in which soil organisms absorb and immobilize the applied nutrients to decompose the waste and a subsequent mineralization phase in which the soil organisms release nutrients to the soil. A crop is appropriately selected and planted to begin absorbing significant quantities of soil available nutrients during the mineralization phase.

Abstract: A dry flowable fertilizer mixture is provided that contains soluble seaweed extract and fish solubles. Calcium silicate is added to the mixture to prevent excessive caking and thereby maintain the flowability of the fertilizer mixture. Chelated iron is also added to the mixture, preferably with EDTA. Chelated trace elements and micronutrients available from seaweed and fish solubles can thereby be made available to plants by applying a dilute solution of the fertilizer mixture.

Abstract: A method for aerobic composition of organic waste material including high flow-rate aeration to provide beneficial soil amendments, fertilizers, and supplemental heat sources.