With Phosphorus-containing Substances Patents (Class 71/29)
  • Patent number: 7402263
    Abstract: A trace amount of a tungstate is disclosed for inhibiting corrosion by nitrogen fertilizer solution, in particular, an ammonium nitrate fertilizer solution, (UAN) in contact with ferrous metal storage tanks, piping, and equipment surfaces. Tungstate added with a dispersant polymer is also effective for inhibiting corrosion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 2005
    Date of Patent: July 22, 2008
    Assignee: Nalco Company
    Inventors: Craig W. Myers, Steven R. Hatch, Donald A. Johnson
  • Patent number: 7402190
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making formulated nitrogenous and complex fertilizers, in granule form, suitable for slowly releasing nitrogen, comprising the steps of preparing an aqueous urea/formaldehyde dispersion with a molar ratio from 0.8:1 to 2:1, adding an aqueous catalyzer solution in a weight ratio from 0.1 to 4%, controlling the pH of the aqueous dispersion to hold it within a range from 4.0 to 7.0, and supplying the aqueous dispersion to a recirculating granulating device, as a growth seed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 2002
    Date of Patent: July 22, 2008
    Inventors: Giancarlo Costa, Giuseppe Rizzi
  • Patent number: 6953537
    Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use with Urea Ammonium Nitrate solutions is disclosed, comprising a blend of molybdate and one or more of the inorganic phosphates (including phosphates, polyphosphates, and pyrophosphates) and organic phosphates or phosphonates. Inorganic phosphates include, but are not limited to, SHMP (Sodium Hexametaphosphate) and TKPP (Tetra-Potassium Pyrophosphate). There are numerous other inorganic phosphates that will also serve as suitable secondary inhibitors. Organic phosphates or phosphonates include, but are not limited to, HEDP (1-Hydroxyethylidine-1,1-diphosphonic acid; also known as ethanol diphosphonate, acetodiphosphonic acid, or etidronic acid), ATMP or AMP (aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid)), PBTC (Phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid), DETPMP (Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylene phosphonic acid)), and HPA (hydroxyphosphono acetic acid). There are numerous other organic phosphates and phosphonates that will also serve as suitable secondary inhibitors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 23, 2003
    Date of Patent: October 11, 2005
    Inventors: Scott David Trahan, Eric Paul Mistretta
  • Patent number: 6936087
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates made from a particulate calcium source, a water-soluble binder and optionally containing a primary plant nutrient source and/or micronutrient source and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The agglomerates may be used as a soil liming agent and for introducing nutrient values into cultivated soil. Also disclosed is a method for introducing nutrient values into cultivated soil so as to inhibit leaching of the nutrient values from the soil and improve utilization of the nutrient values by plants grown in the soil.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 16, 2002
    Date of Patent: August 30, 2005
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Roy M. Stephen
  • Patent number: 6884756
    Abstract: A water-dispersible particle for delivery of nitrogen to a plant is disclosed. The water-dispersible particle also delivers an active ingredient such as a plant hormone to a desirable plant or a pesticide or herbicide to an undesirable organism. Methods for making and using the water-dispersible particle are described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 16, 2002
    Date of Patent: April 26, 2005
    Assignee: The Andersons Agriservices, Inc.
    Inventors: James R. Lynch, Timothy Birthisel, Chris S. Taylor
  • Patent number: 6852142
    Abstract: The subject invention provides methods for producing homogenous organic base fertilizer for plant nutrition and soil fertility. Also provided by the subject invention are value added fertilizer products for plant nutrition and soil fertility and concentrated liquid formulations/nutrient supplements that provide the value added nutrients to fertilizer products. Methods according to the invention involve the application of concentrated liquid(s) and/or dry formulation(s) comprising a mixture of one or more plant nutrient(s), one or more additional organic compound(s), one or more penetrate(s), and one or more optional supplement(s) into one or more organic base material(s). These organic base materials include, and are not limited to, biosolids, activated sludge, municipal compost, animal manures (e.g., horse, cow, chicken, pig, and sheep), and composted organic byproducts.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 2001
    Date of Patent: February 8, 2005
    Assignee: Green Technologies, Inc.
    Inventor: Amir Varshovi
  • Patent number: 6752849
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method of disinfecting and stabilizing organic wastes wherein organic waste is intimately mixed with one or more mineral by-products to produce a mixture having a pH of less than about 9. The mixture is heated and dried to produce a stable, granular bio-mineral product that may be used for example, as a fertilizer, soil amendment or as a soil substitute. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the heat for heating and/or drying the mixture is provided by residual heat in at least one of the one or more mineral by-products. Also provided are stable, granular bio-mineral products formed by the methods of the present invention and fertilizers, soil amendments, and soil substitutes that include these stable, granular bio-mineral products. Further provided are systems for disinfecting and stabilizing organic waste, and systems for making a stable, granular bio-mineral product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 19, 2002
    Date of Patent: June 22, 2004
    Assignee: N-Viro International Corporation
    Inventors: Terry J. Logan, Ervin L. Faulmann
  • Patent number: 6749660
    Abstract: This invention concerns the formulation and preparation of ammonium- and urea-free solid-chemical compositions for the anaerobic bioremediation of environmental contamination using the biological process of denitrification. The composition includes nitrate salts and may also include additional sources of nutrient phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. The use of complex phosphates (i.e., salts of phosphoric acid) is used as a combined binder-nutrient system. The use of complex phosphates in this manner enables the water-based agglomeration of the composition into granular forms in a manner which greatly improves upon the safety of the commonly known “Tennessee Valley Authority” type granulation processes by reducing or eliminating the use of the highly toxic and dangerous chemicals anhydrous ammonia, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 2001
    Date of Patent: June 15, 2004
    Assignee: Geovation Technologies, Inc.
    Inventor: Eric Christian Hince
  • Patent number: 6566304
    Abstract: The invention relates to use of (a) compounds of phosphorus containing at least partly lipophilic organic radicals together with (b) urea and/or urea derivatives in selected quantity ratios of (a) to (b) as a soil additive for biologically controlling plant-parasitic soil nematodes by strengthening the correspondingly antagonistic soil potential, more particularly by strengthening the growth of antagonistic and/or nematicidal rhizosphere bacteria and/or corresponding mycorrhiza strains—and at the same time strengthening the growth of cultivated plants in soil. The multicomponent mixtures which strengthen bacterial growth are preferably introduced into the region of the plant roots in the form of an aqueous preparation using plant-compatible emulsifiers before and/or during plant growth. Components (a) and (b) are used in such quantity ratios that the ratio by weight of C to N is no higher than 6:1 and preferably no higher than 5:1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 2001
    Date of Patent: May 20, 2003
    Assignee: Cognis Deutschland GmbH
    Inventors: Doris Bell, Bettina Kopp-Holtwiesche, Stephan Von Tapavicza
  • Patent number: 6515177
    Abstract: A method of forming a methylol urea prepolymer and a particle coated in with the prepolymer. The method involves providing a source of methylol urea and a source of aldehyde and reacting the urea and the aldehyde in the presence of an excess of urea to form the methylol urea prepolymer. The coated particle is preferably a controlled-release fertilizer particle. The particle is a substrate coated with a substantially uniform coating comprising a total nitrogen content ranging from about 39N to about 42N. The coating includes a low molecular weight methylene urea compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 2, 2001
    Date of Patent: February 4, 2003
    Assignee: The Homestead Corporation
    Inventor: James M. O'Donnell, Sr.
  • Patent number: 6503287
    Abstract: A soil distribution system, and particularly a method of blowing topsoil, using an improved topsoil blend and specialized equipment, onto selected surfaces, including sloped surfaces. The topsoil blend may be placed either via traditional or selected placement means including placement by blowing the mixture into place. The topsoil blend may be blown through a manipulatable distribution line onto the surface, including areas which may be substantially inaccessible. A selected aerobic compost tea may be combined with the soil distribution operations such that the tea is distributed and intermixed with the soil as the soil is blown into place. Greensand may be distributed over the surface prior to blowing the soil in place and the soil is then distributed over the layer of greensand.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 7, 2000
    Date of Patent: January 7, 2003
    Inventor: Hendrikus Schraven
  • Patent number: 6464746
    Abstract: A process for making homogeneous granules of slow-release fertilizer to deliver high doses of slow-release nitrogen in pellets that disperse or fall apart when contacted by moisture. The method includes mixing particles of slow-release nitrogen with particles of a potassium source and particles of a phosphorus source, to make a homogeneous blend of the particles. Then, the blended particles are moistened with water or an aqueous solution of urea to moisten the homogeneous blend. After moistening, the blended particles are contacted with an aqueous suspension of urea-formaldehyde resin to bind the particles into homogeneous granules. The aqueous suspension of urea formaldehyde resin preferably has a urea:formaldehyde ratio of about 1:1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 24, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 15, 2002
    Assignee: Lebanon Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Gary B. Neyman, Elmer A. Derr
  • Patent number: 6432156
    Abstract: A method of forming a methylol prepolymer and a particle coated in with the prepolymer. The method involves providing a source of methylol urea and a source of aldehyde and reacting the urea and the aldehyde in the presence of an excess of urea to form the methylol urea prepolymer. The coated particle is preferably a controlled-release fertilizer particle. The particle is a substrate coated with a substantially uniform coating compromising a total nitrogen content ranging from about 39N to about 42N. The coating includes a low molecular weight methylene urea compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 2000
    Date of Patent: August 13, 2002
    Assignee: The Homestead Corp.
    Inventor: James M. O'Donnell, Sr.
  • Patent number: 6398840
    Abstract: A process for treating sludge comprising the addition of sulphuric acid and anhydrous ammonium to the sludge inside a granulator in order to produce an exothermic reaction which generates sufficient heat to evaporate the water contained in the sludge, thus eliminating all the pathogen and non pathogen microorganism, and producing a dry product having a low pH, free of polluting agents and a high commercial value.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 8, 2000
    Date of Patent: June 4, 2002
    Inventors: Pedro Orta-Castro, José Cabello-Fuentes
  • Patent number: 6387145
    Abstract: A granulated fertilizer composition for local application during sowing or transplanting, of the type comprising organic nitrogen and phosphate or phospho-nitrogen compounds as well as possible further fertilizer compounds or adjuvants, wherein the diameter of the granules is between 0.1 and 1.5 mm. Preferably, in the composition, the diameter of the granules is between 0.5 and 1 mm.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 1999
    Date of Patent: May 14, 2002
    Assignee: Agroqualita' S.r.l.
    Inventors: Sergio Miele, Enrica Bargiacchi
  • Patent number: 6352569
    Abstract: For applications as nutrient for field plants, vegetables, fruit trees and vines, and for decomposition of organic materials, like straw, composts, wood scraps and municipal wastes there is prepared a liquid fertilizer comprising from 10 up to 65% of mass of dry matter of organic residues and up to 50% of mass of dissolved urea and/or agrochemical matter containing phosphorus, the agrochemical matter being preferably in a form of suspended particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 2000
    Date of Patent: March 5, 2002
    Assignee: Lear, A.S.
    Inventors: Zdenek Beran, Bohumil Mare{haeck over (s)}
  • Publication number: 20020011087
    Abstract: A process for making homogeneous granules of slow-release fertilizer to deliver high doses of slow-release nitrogen in pellets that disperse or fall apart when contacted by moisture. The method includes mixing particles of slow-release nitrogen with particles of a potassium source and particles of a phosphorus source, to make a homogeneous blend of the particles. Then, the blended particles are moistened with water or an aqueous solution of urea to moisten the homogeneous blend. After moistening, the blended particles are contacted with an aqueous suspension of urea-formaldehyde resin to bind the particles into homogeneous granules. The aqueous suspension of urea formaldehyde resin preferably has a urea:formaldehyde ratio of about 1:1.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 24, 1998
    Publication date: January 31, 2002
    Inventors: GARY B. NEYMAN, ELMER A. DERR
  • Patent number: 6336772
    Abstract: Compositions for and method of degrading organic chemicals in soil. The composition is a nutrient medium serving as a substrate for micro-organisms in the soil, preferably containing a major proportion of a source of carbon skeleton and energy, a macronutrient component preferably including nitrogen and other macronutrients, and a micronutrient component, preferably also a complexing agent and a vitamin/co-factor component. This nutrient material is added to soil, e.g. soil contaminated by a pesticide, to cause proliferation of micro-organisms which are effective, or which develop effectiveness to degrade the organic chemicals. Preferably the micro-organisms are those naturally present in the soil but useful micro- organisms may be added with the nutrient medium.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: January 8, 2002
    Inventor: Thomas T. Yamashita
  • Patent number: 6325836
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from cement kiln dust and other particulate calcium sources containing CaO or Ca(OH)2 and other calcium-containing compounds having the potential to be hydrated and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining the particulate calcium source and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from −7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 21, 2000
    Date of Patent: December 4, 2001
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Carl Holley, Eugene Greskovich
  • Patent number: 6312493
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid water soluble fertilizer composition containing one or more fertilizer materials and a phosphate free, organic acid which is solid at ambient temperatures. The fertilizer materials include primary macro nutrients, secondary macro nutrients, micro nutrients and mixtures thereof. The organic acid has a water solubility of at least 10 g/l (at 25° C.) and an acidifying effect in the range of 0.5 to 1.3 g HCO3−/g acid. The acidifying effect is defined as the amount of HCO3− that can be transformed into H2CO3 per gram of acid and is calculated in accordance with the following formula: 61 ⁢ n M w , acid wherein Mw,acid is the molecular weight of said acid and n represents the number of dissociation constants (i.e., pKa values) of the acid below the value of 6.35.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1999
    Date of Patent: November 6, 2001
    Assignee: OMS Investments, Inc.
    Inventors: Michael Gustaaf Eltink, Philip van Roij, Edze Jan Tijsma, Johannes Gijsbertus Antonius Terlingen, Hendrikus Gijsbertus Adrianus van Kaathoven
  • Patent number: 6309440
    Abstract: Composition for and method of stimulating growth of plants, e.g. increase in crop production. The composition comprises a carbon skeleton/energy component, typically a sugar or mixture of sugars; a macronutrient component providing the elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, preferably also magnesium and sulfur; a micronutrient component providing zinc, iron and manganese, preferably also copper, boron, molybdenum and cobalt. The composition also preferably contains a vitamin/cofactor component and an enhancement component. The composition may be in the form of an aqueous solution or in a form suitable for coating seeds or coating pollen. It may be applied as a foliar spray, as a soil amendment, as a root dip or as an injectable solution. Preferably where, for example, it is used as a foliar spray it is applied at intervals at different stages of growth.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 25, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 30, 2001
    Inventor: Thomas T. Yamashita
  • Patent number: 6293985
    Abstract: Fertilizer granulation method for incorporating urea directly into the matrix of fertilizer pellets. The process involves introducing the urea in a liquid form into the matrix and then progressively cooling the mixture of pellet and urea to recrystallize the urea within the matrix of the pellet. The result is a substantially harder particle relative to pretreatment hardness, reduced solubility for longer lasting pellets and substantially reduced dust and other handling problems of the formed pellets.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1998
    Date of Patent: September 25, 2001
    Assignee: Airborne Industrial Minerals
    Inventor: Robin Phinney
  • Patent number: 6241795
    Abstract: A dry, concentrated, fertilizer which is readily water-soluble and a method of applying the solubilized dilute fertilizer to crops to enhance crop production are described. The dry fertilizer contains a contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds, as well as a mixture of plant growth stimulators including at least one of each of growth promoters, vitamins, amino acids, carbohydrates/polysaccharides, and adjuvants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 2000
    Date of Patent: June 5, 2001
    Assignee: Miller Chemical and Fertilizer Corporation
    Inventors: Charles H. Svec, Akshay Vidyarthi
  • Patent number: 6231633
    Abstract: Provided is a granular fertilizer coated with a thermosetting resin coating, characterized in that a dissolution rate of the fertilizer is retarded by containing a hydrophobic compound in at least one of the coating portion and the fertilizer portion thereof. The dissolution rate is further retarded than that of a conventional granular coated fertilizer coated with a thermosetting resin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 1999
    Date of Patent: May 15, 2001
    Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited
    Inventors: Yasuhiro Hirano, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Nakamura
  • Patent number: 6217629
    Abstract: Provided herein are novel porous phosphate sulfur fertilizer particles which are in a continuous phase, and have applications in supplying soluble phosphates to plants and crops, thus increasing the yield of such crops. Also provided are novel methods of producing such porous phosphate sulfur fertilizer particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 1999
    Date of Patent: April 17, 2001
    Assignee: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
    Inventor: Robert Kunin
  • Patent number: 6048378
    Abstract: A method preparing controlled release nitrogen in particulate fertilizers which exhibit single growing season availabilities to plants of about 80 percent or higher. The method utilizes relatively low urea and ammonia to formaldehyde mol ratios of about 1.7 urea to 0.1 ammonia to 1 formaldehyde to assure high conversions to controlled release nitrogen with low free ureas, and carefully controlled elevated temperatures, acid dehydration condensation catalyst concentrations and short dehydration reaction times of about 2-4 minutes to provide effective conversion of hydroxymethyl nitrogen compounds by dehydration condensation reaction to controlled release methylene nitrogen compounds. Quick neutralization of the dehydration catalyst in a turbulent mixing reactor minimizes the formation of undesirable methylene nitrogen polymers which are hot water insoluble and unavailable to plants in a single growing season.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1998
    Date of Patent: April 11, 2000
    Assignee: Lesco, Inc.
    Inventor: William P. Moore
  • Patent number: 6045810
    Abstract: A reinforced-resin coated, attrition resistant controlled release plant food containing water soluble central spheroids of plant nutrients amounting to between 75 and 98 percent and water insoluble resin coatings amounting to between 2 and 25 percent covering the central spheroids with the insoluble resin coatings reinforced with finely divided water insoluble plant nutrients formed in-situ by the chemical coreaction of a plurality of water soluble plant nutrients. The reinforcing nutrients amount to between 5 and 25 percent of the resin coating. A method is provided for preparing the new reinforced-resin coated plant foods with the reinforcing solids distributed throughout the insoluble resins or between thin layers of resins.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1998
    Date of Patent: April 4, 2000
    Assignee: Agri-Nutrients Technology Group, Inc.
    Inventor: William P. Moore
  • Patent number: 6015445
    Abstract: Solids having a tendency to cake are treated with distillation heavies that are liquid at about 60.degree. C. or less and are obtained from production of a ketone having the formula:R.dbd.O,wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted, branched, straight chain or cyclic, C.sub.4 to C.sub.18. The solids so treated have a reduced tendency to cake.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 18, 2000
    Assignee: BASF Corporation
    Inventors: Andrew J. McNabb, R. Merritt Sink
  • Patent number: 6001147
    Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of unsymmetrical polyurea-urethane coated granular fertilizer products, and to the unsymmetrical polyurea-urethane coated granular fertilizer products produced by these processes. These processes comprise coating fertilizer granules with compounds which react to form unsymmetrical polyurea-urethane coatings, then the compounds are polymerized. Suitable compounds comprise a) an organic polyisocyanate component, and b) an alkanolamine component containing at least one primary or secondary amine group and at least one hydroxyl group. These compounds are present in sufficient quantities that the NCO to active hydrogen group is from about 0.5:1.0 up to about 1.5:1.0. It is necessary that sufficient amounts of these compounds are applied to the fertilizer granules such that the unsymmetrical polyurea-urethane coated granular fertilizer particles contain from about 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 23, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 14, 1999
    Assignee: Bayer Corporation
    Inventors: Peter H. Markusch, James W. Rosthauser
  • Patent number: 5997601
    Abstract: A method of making free-flowing moisture resistant calcium-containing particles that inhibit the water absorption characteristics of calcium products, hygroscopic and deliquescent, for example, the method comprising the steps of spraying molten soluble nitrogen-containing material onto the hygroscopic calcium-containing granules and recovering the coated granules. The core of the particle is a calcium-containing material, more particularly a soluble calcium-containing material. Moisture resistant or hydrophobic coatings are applied to the core to inhibit water absorption by the calcium-containing material. The coated particles may then be more easily shipped, stored and handled as a dry, anhydrous product. A core comprised of calcium chloride coated with urea is useful as both a soil conditioner and a fertilizer. Additional plant nutrients are mixed with either the core or the coating materials to improve fertilizing is qualities.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 8, 1999
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignee: TetraTechnologies, Inc.
    Inventor: Roger N. Kust
  • Patent number: 5997599
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Carl Holley, Eugene Greskovich
  • Patent number: 5997602
    Abstract: The invention relates to a stable, concentrated aqueous fertilizer suspension, which can be diluted with water to provide a working solution. The suspension contains 10 to 60% by weight of water and 40 to 90% by weight of a plant nutrient composition based on at least a calcium, and/or a magnesium and a phosphate ion, and the suspension comprises at least one plant nutrient containing water-insoluble solid particles with a particle size less than 50 .mu.m, the pH of the suspension being in the range of 0.5 to less than 2.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 23, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignee: Kemira Agro Oy
    Inventor: Hannu Aijala
  • Patent number: 5980601
    Abstract: A substantially non-caking solid is treated with distillation bottoms that are liquid at about 60.degree. C. or less and are obtained from production of an alcohol having the formula:R2--R1--OH,wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted branched, straight chain or cyclic C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 and R2 is OH or H.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 9, 1999
    Assignee: BASF Corporation
    Inventors: Andrew J. McNabb, R. Merritt Sink
  • Patent number: 5917110
    Abstract: Free-flowing moisture resistant calcium-containing particles that inhibit the water absorption characteristics of calcium products, including soluble calcium products that are hygroscopic and deliquescent, by providing a moisture resistant coating. The core of the particle is a calcium-containing material, more particularly a soluble calcium-containing material. Moisture resistant or hydrophobic coatings are applied to the core to inhibit water absorption by the calcium-containing material. The coated particles may then be more easily shipped, stored and handled as a dry, anhydrous product. A core comprised of calcium chloride coated with urea is useful as both a soil conditioner and a fertilizer. Additional plant nutrients are mixed with either the core or the coating materials to improve fertilizing qualities. Additional coatings of hydrophobic materials such as a paraffinic hydrocarbon or a polymeric resin increase the water resistance of the particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 18, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 29, 1999
    Assignee: Tetra Technologies, Inc.
    Inventor: Roger N. Kust
  • Patent number: 5885320
    Abstract: Solids that, untreated, have a tendency to cake are treated with distillation bottoms that are liquid at about 60.degree. C. or less and are obtained from production of an alcohol having the formula:R2-R1-OH,wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted, branched, straight chain or cyclic, C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 and R2 is OH or H.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 1997
    Date of Patent: March 23, 1999
    Assignee: BASF Corporation
    Inventors: Andrew J. McNabb, R. Merritt Sink
  • Patent number: 5871667
    Abstract: Aqueous ammoniate solutions made during the manufacture of N-hydrocarbyl thiophosphoric triamides, consisting essentially of aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride and ammonia containing a water-soluble impurity normally tending to engender corrosion of ferrous metal are rendered corrosion-resistant by dissolving therein a small corrosion-inhibiting amount (e.g., up to about 5000 ppm (wt/wt) of a water-soluble salt or oxide of zinc, aluminum, arsenic, antimony or bismuth.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 1997
    Date of Patent: February 16, 1999
    Assignee: Albemarle Corporation
    Inventors: Chi Hung Cheng, Gerald M. Sulzer
  • Patent number: 5851260
    Abstract: The invention relates to a stable aqueous fertilizer suspension suitable for drip irrigation, which suspension contains 5-55% by weight water and 45-95% by weight of one or several plant-nutrient containing substances, of which at least one contains water-insoluble solid particles, the particle size of the solid particles contained in the suspension being less than 50 .mu.m and the pH of the suspension being within the range 2-7. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of this suspension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 26, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 22, 1998
    Assignee: Kemira Agro Oy
    Inventors: Hannu Aijala, Thomas Ahlnas
  • Patent number: 5849060
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a controlled release fertilizer having water-soluble fertilizers as nucleus and limited-soluble plant nutrient compounds as coating layers, characterized in that more than two coating layers of limited-soluble compounds are formed around the nucleus, and that the release rates of the fertilizer can be controlled by regulating the solubilities of the limited-soluble compounds. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the controlled release fertilizer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 9, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 15, 1998
    Assignee: Zhengzhou Centre of Popularization & Research on Zhengzhou Luxuriance Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer
    Inventors: Li Diping, Wang Haobin, Xu Xiucheng, Hou Cuihong
  • Patent number: 5782951
    Abstract: A particulate urea product having improved hardness, nonfriable and anti-caking properties and which is useful for either direct application to the soil or as an intermediate product for the subsequent incorporation with other fertilizer materials into solid bulk blends. The product consists of an admixture of urea and a finely divided inorganic material selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, cement and fly ash and is in particulate form, some examples of which are granules or prills.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 20, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 21, 1998
    Assignee: Western Industrial Clay Products, Inc.
    Inventors: Peter B. Aylen, James C. Blyth
  • Patent number: 5743934
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 5, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 28, 1998
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Carl Holley, Eugene Greskovich
  • Patent number: 5741345
    Abstract: This patent describes nitrification inhibitors characterized by the fact that they contain as their active ingredients a substituted pyrazole, or a salt or metallic complex thereof, dicyanodiamide, and one of the compoundsammonium thiosulfate,biguanide, orammonium rhodanide. The combinations of the present invention are more efficacious than the individual ingredients alone and binary combinations of the same ingredients, and are thus superior to same from the ecological, phytotoxicity, and cost-effectiveness stand-points, as well as in terms of their tendencies to form undesirable residues.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1998
    Assignee: SKW Stickstoffwerke Piesteritz GmbH
    Inventors: Margrit Grabarse, Sieghard Lang, Hans-Jurgen Michel, Hartmut Wozniak
  • Patent number: 5683487
    Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention provides a microbial nutrient composition comprises a stable, bi-continuous first and second phase. The first phase comprises an aqueous solution of microbial nutrients and the second phase comprising a hydrocarbon liquid and a mixture of surfactants combined in amounts sufficient to render the mixture of first and second phases a liquid at a first temperature and as a waxy solid at a lower second temperature.In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating hydrocarbon contaminated soils and water by applying to the soil or water a microbial nutrient composition which is in the liquid state when it is applied and which forms a waxy solid at temperatures below the application temperature.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 4, 1997
    Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company
    Inventors: Max Leo Robbins, Ramesh Varadaraj
  • Patent number: 5647885
    Abstract: The essence of the invention resides in that in production of a solid product obtained in a reactor (1) by way of synthesis from source components and serving as a raw material for preparing a solution of salt and/or fertilizer, a pulp is obtained and then loaded in a container (2) at fixed temperatures corresponding to crystallization of the product to a hydraulically compacted state of preset degrees. The same container (2) is used for transportation and storage of the hydraulically compacted crystals. The solution of salt and/or fertilizer is prepared within preset concentration and dosage just before its application by the user (4), and the crystals are dissolved in the same container (2). If required the product is transferred into another container.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 27, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 15, 1997
    Assignee: Nauchno-Inzhenerny Tsentr "Infomir"
    Inventors: Alexandr Anatolievich Andreev, Vyacheslav Evgenievich Bukovsky
  • Patent number: 5634959
    Abstract: A dry flowable fertilizer mixture is provided that contains soluble seaweed extract and fish solubles. Calcium silicate is added to the mixture to prevent excessive caking and thereby maintain the flowability of the fertilizer mixture. Chelated iron is also added to the mixture, preferably with EDTA. Chelated trace elements and micronutrients available from seaweed and fish solubles can thereby be made available to plants by applying a dilute solution of the fertilizer mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 3, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 3, 1997
    Inventor: Clayton Beaty
  • Patent number: 5597400
    Abstract: Plant growth stimulants containing compounds which increase intracellular carbon dioxide as the main active component and optionally supplemented with specific nutrients have been found to enhance productivity of plants. Exemplary compounds include lower alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, and amino acids, such as glycine, glutamate, and aspartate. Such growth stimulation appears to result, in part, from inhibition of stress induced photorespiration according to a previously unrecognized photosynthetic pathway. Exposure of the plants to sunlight or other sufficient illumination following treatment with the compositions results in enhanced fixation of carbon dioxide and turgor. Stimulant compositions may comprise from 5% to 50% by volume aqueous solutions of methanol or 0.1% to 10% by weight amino acids and are preferably applied by foliar spraying of plants and plant shoots.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 9, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 28, 1997
    Inventors: Arthur M. Nonomura, Andrew A. Benson
  • Patent number: 5584905
    Abstract: A process for the removal of oxides or hydrated oxides of carbon or sulfur from an acid waste gas stream in which a bed of moist particulated solid waste material is formed, the bed particles are coated with alkaline earth oxides or alkaline earth carbonates and a catalyst to promote the reaction of the oxides or hydrated oxides of carbon or sulfur with the alkaline earth oxides or alkaline earth carbonates in the presence of the moisture and in which the bed is contacted with the waste gas stream whereby the oxides or hydrated oxides or carbon or sulfur react with the alkaline earth oxides or alkaline earth carbonates in the presence of the moisture and are absorbed on the bed particles. The bed particles resulting from the process may be used as agricultural soil amendments alone or in combination with fertilizers and the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1996
    Inventor: Harold W. Wilson
  • Patent number: 5547486
    Abstract: A machine system and process for producing attrition resistant, controlled release fertilizer is described. In the process, a prewet solution is used to initially coat the plant nutrient to be coated followed by the separate application of the individual components used in the coating. The machine system provides an improved means for uniformly applying a single layer or multiple layers of polymer coatings to the plant nutrient.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 20, 1996
    Assignee: RLC Technologies, L.L.C.
    Inventors: John H. Detrick, Frederick T. Carney, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5494498
    Abstract: Urea increases the solute content of a fertilizer comprising water and at least two different nitrate-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, alkali metal nitrates, and alkaline earth metal nitrates. In addition, urea enhances plant uptake of alkaline earth metals. Particularly favored are quaternary aqueous solutions containing urea, calcium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1996
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 5492553
    Abstract: Solid compound fertilizers for dissolving into stock solutions advantageously employing urea phosphate as a phosphorous source. The use of urea phosphate makes it possible to have calcium present as well as nonchelated trace metals without precipitation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1996
    Assignee: OMS Investments, Inc.
    Inventors: Richard P. Vetanovetz, Robert Peters
  • Patent number: 5482529
    Abstract: A controllably active fertilizing preparation in the form of an emulsion-suspension or an emulsion is comprised of:a) 30-90% by weight of mixtures containing plant nutrients,b) 5-50% by weight of water,c) 2-20% by weight of an oleophilic organic substance,d) 1-25% by weight of a surface-active substance, ande) 0.1-10% by weight of an acid or its mixture, salt or anhydride. The acid component improves the extraction of phosphor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1996
    Assignee: Kemira OY
    Inventors: Thomas Ahlnas, Stephan Vermeulen, Anders Weckman