Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for handling bar-shaped material, such as tubes, beyond a plant for manufacturing and/or machining same, comprising the steps of sub-dividing the material moving out of the plant by means of a severing device, sorting the cut lengths of material into at least two groups and feeding said sorted lengths to at least two cooling beds, conveying the cut lengths from the first cooling bed and subjecting them to substantially automatic continuous after-processing and conveying the cut lengths from the second cooling bed, after intermediate storage subjecting them at the second cooling bed to at least partially manual individual after-processing.

Abstract: A method for rolling out a slab, preferably a slab produced by continuous casting, to form a billet having a square cross section, in which the width of the slab is reduced by repeated powerful edging passes, a temperature drop starting from the central region of the slab being provided during rolling, for example by spraying the edge regions of the slab with coolant, in order to give the edge regions greater deformation resistance and thus to prevent bulges at the edge regions. The bulge occurring in the central region of the slab is rolled away by guide rollers located at right-angles to the edging rolls. A rolling mill with suitable heating means is also provided.

Abstract: In a rolling mill for reducing metal, having upper and lower work rolls between which the metal is passed and at least one back-up roll for the upper work roll, the combination of means for applying coolant to the surface of the upper work roll only on the outgoing side of the mill, casing structure enclosing the locality of coolant application and so arranged that a narrow gap is defined between the upper work roll and a transverse wall of the casing below the coolant-applying means, and means for creating a rapid flow of air along the upper work roll surface adjacent the gap in a direction to prevent exit of coolant through the gap from the casing structure while withdrawing air from the casing structure. The air-flow creating means may include means for maintaining the interior of the casing structure at subatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A process for forming a ferrous billet into a finished product is disclosed comprising the following steps, in sequence: heating the billet to an appropriate elevated bulk temperature in preparation for rolling; hot rolling the heated billet to produce a semifinished product having an intermediate bulk temperature which is lower than said elevated bulk temperature; cooling the semifinished product to reduce the surface temperature thereof to a level below that of a desired finish rolling bulk temperature; allowing the temperatures of the surface and center portions of the semifinished product to equalize substantially to the level of the desired finish rolling bulk temperature; rolling the semifinished product to a finished product; and, cooling the finished product to an ambient bulk temperature.

Abstract: A method for levelling a metal strip or sheet in which the metal strip or sheet is subjected to repeated bending by means of a roll arrangement of two or more rolls having a diameter of at least 600 times the thickness of the metal while cooling the metal strip or sheet from at least about 210.degree. C to about 50.degree. C at a cooling rate not lower than a critical cooling rate C as defined by the following formula but not higher than 200.degree. C/sec.

Abstract: Reducing or overcoming frictional drag on a rod moving through an enclosing tube by utilizing viscous drag of a liquid medium flowing through the tube in the direction of rod movement. Heated metallic rod moves through a hollow support tube leading from the output of a rolling mill to a mechanism for coiling the rod. The rod leaving the rolling mill is at an elevated temperature which places the rod in an extremely flexible state, so that the rod tends to become twisted within the tube to create "cobbles" or entanglements preventing further movement of the rod through the tube. The present apparatus and method, as applied to the disclosed embodiments of the invention, provide a flow of liquid medium through the tube in the direction of rod movement at a velocity sufficient to impart substantial force to the rod through the effect of viscous drag between the moving liquid medium and the rod.

Abstract: A discharge device for the reception in the axial direction of advancing rolled bars or the like and the discharge of same, this discharge device comprising essentially two rotating drums, opposed to another in a way so as to be rotated on parallel axles between them, substantially on the horizontal plane with an equal number of symmetric arrangements of external radial longitudinal grooves, which form external opposite channels suitable for the reception of the said bars, and in which in the longitudinal lateral opposite horizontal area of said rotating drums is juxtaposed a wall or shell to form a static containing case for the closing of the said channels in the restricted lateral area of each rotating drum, respectively in order to close said drums in the restricted area, wherein the closed channels in the cover section of the restricted area are to receive in opposition, respectively alternately the bars and by the way of the said drums, in order that said bars are respectively rotated into said channels

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying an elongated hot-rolled steel rod in off-set form on a conveyor through a series of cooling chambers. Each chamber comprises a stationary lower section and a removable cover section, the interior walls of each being heat reflective. Each chamber is also provided with tubes supported adjacent the interior walls and controlled in temperature by gas passing through said tubes, said gas being cold or hot, the hot gas being supplied from a plurality of separately controlled burners. The tubes differentially control the rate of heat radiation from the rod rings to compensate for the different rates of radiational heat loss emanating from the top and sides of the rod rings so as to cause the rod to cool uniformly. The side walls of the chamber are provided with adjustable apertures for the escape of radiant energy from the sides of the rod rings.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to an arrangement for cooling a heated workpiece, such as, strip or slab as it issues from a rolling mill or continuous slab caster. The longitudinally moving workpiece is caused to pass between a number of coolant discharge headers arranged above and below the workpiece in which, during its cooling, the coolig rates of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece differ. The effective discharge of the headers is varied to equalize the cooling rates of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece to symmetrically cool the workpiece.

Abstract: An entry rollerway for a cooling bed for elongate rolled stock in which all parts necessary for guiding and laterally ejecting the rods are carried by lantern-shaped cast members which also constitute the bearings for the rollerway rollers, so that the long support structure or the frame-like understructure previously used in entry rollerways is avoided.

Abstract: Removing the crust of oxide formed on the surface of a continuously casted copper bar by projecting a liquid (water or a rolling emulsion) under pressure of between 20 and 60 atmospheres against the periphery of the bar, the flow of the liquid under pressure being less than 50 liters/minute.

Abstract: Rolls of a rolling mill have hydraulic pressure exerted on the exterior surfaces thereof by hydrostatic pressure devices which produce hydraulic pressure in the gaps between bearing surfaces of the devices and the roll, and a flow of the hydraulic fluid in the gaps to cool the rolls. The pressure may be applied to press the rolls together, and also to provide lateral support. Different pressures may be applied to devices spaced parallel to the roll axis. Quadrilateral and overlapping rhomboidal bearing surfaces may be employed. A pair of small diameter working rolls may be pressed together by larger diameter pressure rolls and lateral support provided for the working rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cold working metal powder to produce a metal powder highly suited for consolidation wherein the apparatus comprises a cold rolling mill including a pair of driven rolls mounted within a sealed work chamber for receiving and deforming a closely metered amount of powder. The work chamber is continuously purged with an inert atmosphere to protect the powder from gaseous contaminants and circulating and filter means is provided for removing solid contaminants. To facilitate cold rolling the powder is lubricated prior to passage through the rolls and brushes are provided for cleaning any adhering powder from the surface of the rolls. The resulting cold worked powder particles have a coin, or plate-like, shape and demonstrate desirable properties for hot consolidation, such as, a low incidence of hollow particles and nonmetallic inclusions, the capability of achieving a condition of superplasticity, and an increased tap density of the loose powder.

Abstract: Rows of stakes rising from several parallel beams in a soaking pit form a multiplicity of compartments each designed to receive one or more slabs coming to rest on a pair of such beams. The slabs are carried hot to the pit and cold from the pit by a railborne transporter including a traverse provided with two sets of fixed vertical guide bars hanging down between the rows of stakes, these sets being separated in the direction of travel by twice the stake spacing and flanking an array of vertically reciprocable gripper arms lowerable to the level of the beams between the rows of stakes. The gripper arms, mounted on carriages guided by the bars, define with them two carrying cages, alignable with a pair of adjacent pit compartments, and are provided with retractable feet that can be alternately extended across the bottom of one or the other cage for supporting a hot slab to be deposited in one compartment and then extracting a cooled slab from the adjoining compartment.

Abstract: An improved rod coiling and cooling system includes a coiler which receives hot rod from a rod rolling stand. A guide or repeater section is provided between the rolling stand to effect a bending of the rod to guide it into the coiler. The coiled rod is transferred from the coiler to one of a plurality of coil supports disposed in an indexable tank of water. When a length of rod has been coiled and deposited on one of the coil supports the tank is indexed to move a next adjacent coil support into position to receive a succeeding coiled rod from the coiler. After a coiled rod has cooled in the tank of water, it is transferred to a car, is moved along a first set of rails to a first turntable which is rotated to position the loaded car on a second set of rails leading to a bundling station and a station where the cooled coil is removed from the car. The empty car is moved onto a second turntable which positions the car for movement along the first set of rails back to the loading station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling a rod of a coil form, immediately after the hot-rolling thereof and within which the rod, whose loops are spaced a given pitch from one another, is laid flat upon a chain conveyor, and more particularly upon rails thereof, and transported therealong by means of endless chains, includes the cooling of the rod with cooling fluid or air which is introduced from below the cooling floors through means of nozzle portions formed within the bodies of the cooling floors. The method and apparatus features the arrangement and construction, including the configuration, of the nozzle portions thus formed, the cooling fluid being projected upwardly at an angle within the range of 10.degree.-70.degree. with respect to the plane of the cooling bed, and horizontally at an angle within the range of 10.degree.-150.degree.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to a positive drive hose reel apparatus for a cooling system mounted on the linearly movable thrust block of a piercing or reeling mill. The thrust block means is adapted to move along a path between a working position and a retracted position and includes a rotatably mounted hose reel apparatus to support a flexible hose. The hose interconnects a remote water supply with the cooling system of the thrust block. A drive cable extends between and is secured at points adjacent the working position and retracted position and is partially wrapped around the hose reel apparatus, whereby the linear movement of the thrust block will impart positive rotational movement to the hose reel apparatus and thereby coil and uncoil the hose, as needed as the thrust block moves at high speed back and forth along the path.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling the temperature of an arbor-sleeve type roll employed in a rolling process such as in a briquetting machine by transporting temperature control medium to the extremities of the working surface of a removable sleeve by providing in the arbor a system of passageways extending radially and terminating at a point beneath the outer surface of the arbor and by providing in the sleeve a system of interconnecting axially extending passageways. Both of these systems are joined by manifold ring assemblies mounted externally of the roll and which include an expandable bellows which compensate for thermal variation of the roll during the briquetting process. Two other rings, also mounted externally, are connected to the opposite sides of the arbor and sleeve, thereby preventing relative movement between the arbor and sleeve and still permitting the quick removal and replacement of the sleeve.

Abstract: Water-cooling tubes are extensively used for cooling hot moving strands, for instance hot-rolled rod. In order to avoid the braking action of the water within the tubes, the invention provides for the water to be expelled from the tubes before the leading end of the strand passes through the tubes, by blowing air into the tubes.

Abstract: Rolling mills require uniform temperature control across the width of the sheet in order to roll a flat metal sheet of uniform gauge. This invention provides a rolling mill with spray nozzles that operate in groups to maintain substantially uniform temperature across the width of the sheet metal. Back pressure of the coolant within the cooling spray nozzle adjustment means obtains automatic control of individual nozzle adjustment to make the rate of flow of the coolant to the sheet metal workpiece always obtain substantially uniform temperature of the metal. In place of back pressure, other signal energy supplied to nozzle adjustment can be used. The nozzles are carried by spray boards that adjust to control the angle of impingement of the nozzle sprays against the sheet metal; and there is a novel construction for transmitting liquid between fixed passage to other passages in the angularly adjustable spray boards without the use of hoses.

Abstract: In a rolling mill for reducing metal, having upper and lower work rolls between which the metal is passed and at least one back-up roll for the upper work roll, the combination of means for applying coolant to the surface of the upper work roll only on the outgoing side of the mill, casing structure enclosing the locality of coolant application and so arranged that a narrow gap is defined between the upper work roll and a transverse wall of the casing below the coolant-applying means, and means for creating a rapid flow of air along the upper work roll surface adjacent the gap in a direction to prevent exit of coolant through the gap from the casing structure while withdrawing air from the casing structure. The air-flow creating means may include means for maintaining the interior of the casing structure at subatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A cooling system for cooling steel slabs or the like comprises an elongated tank with parallel rollers for conveying the heated slab horizontally beneath the surface of a water bath. Water curtains from angularly directed upper and lower nozzles seal the entry opening in the end of the tank through which the slab is introduced into the tank and also supply cooling water to the tank. The rollers have axially spaced disk portions for supporting the slab in spaced relation above guide plates or aprons extending between the rollers. Inlet cooling water from the lower water curtain impinges against the lower surface of the slab and is diverted into and flows at high velocity through the restricted cooling channel defined between the guide plates or aprons and the underside of the slab. In a continuous form of the cooling system, a water curtain sealed outlet opening for the slabs is also provided in the opposite end of the tank. Intermediate cooling water nozzles may also be provided between the ends of the tank.

Abstract: A rod treatment line consists of a rod conveyor on which the rod is carried in open loop form, a coil forming device for forming the rod into coils, and a coil loader for moving the coils from the coil forming device to a loading station with the axes of the coils horizontal. For removing the coils there is a conveying system consisting of a number of hooks suspended from a track, the hooks being aligned with the track and pointed in the direction opposite to the direction of movement. In order to bring the hooks to the loading station pointed towards the coil forming device, so as to facilitate loading, the track is routed in its approach to the loading station, to pass the coil forming device from the direction of the rod conveyor.

Abstract: A movable rack cooling bed for receiving hot metal strands from a rolling mill and having a dual strand run-in table and means for selectively transferring a strand from either portion of the run-in table to cooling bed holding notches for single or two-step transfer by the cooling bed carry-over mechanism. A packing mechanism is provided for forming packs of flat metal strands in one of the holding pockets of the cooling bed after which the pack may be transferred across the cooling bed where an unpacking mechanism is provided for automatically unscrambling the strand pack and for transferring individual strands to shuffle bars for removal. When strands are received by both run-in table positions, means are provided for sensing the position of successive strands and for removing strands individually from each run-in position if the time lapse between strands at each position is too great to permit both strands to be removed together without interference with succeeding strands at either position.

Abstract: In a process for cooling rolled wire a coolant tube is mounted directly behind a pair of grooved rollers used to roll wire stock into wire, the coolant being introduced into the tube in a direction opposite the direction of wire movement through the tube. The tube is provided with an inlet at a spaced distance from the rollers, and coolant supply bores are provided on the tube in communication with the inlet. Coolant under a pressure at more than 5 atmospheres is introduced through the bores in a direction toward the rollers to thereby cool the rolled wire. The coolant issuing from an end of the tube adjacent the rollers likewise serves to cool the rollers.

Abstract: In the rolling of seamless tubes using a mandrel which is inserted in a hollow bloom as it is advanced through a rolling mill, the cooling of the mandrel after the tube rolling stage is effected, for example by passing the mandrel through a cooling bath, as the mandrel is returned to a ready position upstream of the mill along a return path which is at one side of the rolling axis, so that while this mandrel is being cooled a further rolling operation can be carried out using another mandrel, the mandrels being moved in a closed cycle of successive rolling and cooling stages.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for uniformly cooling hot rolled rod over a continuous range of cooling rates from less than 0.5.degree. C/sec. to about 20.degree. C/sec. together with a mechanism for removing scale accumulated therein in a confined and safe manner. The context is that of cooling hot rolled steel rod directly after the steel leaves the rod mill wherein the rod may either be cooled rapidly by forced air convection or cooled very slowly under conditions in which a heated fluid or radiant heating must actually be employed in order to retard the cooling rate. The apparatus includes a group of cooling chambers, each of which has a blower which can be used to force cool air from the atmosphere onto the rod. Some of the cooling chambers are also equipped with means for supplying heat to the rod as may be necessary to retard the cooling rate.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying an elongated hot-rolled steel rod in overlapping off-set ring form over a controlled cooling conveyor. The conveyor is provided with a plurality of nozzles through which cooling air is supplied to the edges of the rings and with a lesser number of nozzles through which cooling air is supplied to the centers of the rings. The center and edge nozzles are supplied through independent air plenums each of which is supplied with air from independently controlled air blowers. The blowers are independently adjustable to adjust the quantity of cooling air to the center and edges of the rings. The nozzles are configured to direct high velocity streams of air along non-intersecting paths through the rings. The apparatus provides means for carrying out a process in which, by properly controlling the independently adjustable blowers, the rings may be made to cool along a predetermined time cooling curve with all parts of the rings cooling at the same rate.