Abstract: A core cap is formed from a one-piece sheet metal blank in which an inner cylindrical sleeve is formed and a reverse-fold outer sleeve determining a bight therebetween, and a recess is gradually formed by stamping in the bight and the inner sleeve so as to provide a keyway with parallel side walls symmetrically parallel with the axis of the inner sleeve.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of forming a shadow mask for a color picture tube from a flat apertured mask. The mask has an central apertured portion, a solid border portion and a skirt portion. The improved method comprises several steps. First, a flat apertured mask is placed beneath an upper punch. Next, the periphery of the mask at the skirt portion is clamped. The punch then is pressed against the mask to contour the mask in its central apertured and solid border portions. Thereafter, the periphery of the mask at the skirt portion is unclamped, and the solid border portion of the mask is pressed between a bead die and the punch to form a peripheral bead in the solid border portion of the mask. Finally, the skirt portion is swept back to substantially parallel a central longitudinal axis of the formed mask, while the border portion is held between the bead die and the punch.

Abstract: A process of producing an outer joint part formed in a non-chip forming way from a plate metal member and having circumferentially distributed, outwardly formed ball tracks. In one or several connected process stages, a plate metal bar is formed into a rotary member whose axial end regions are deformed so as to differ in cross-section from a central portion and that in at least one separate process stage, the ball tracks are formed in an axial region between the deformed end regions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming can ends is disclosed wherein ends are blank from sheet material and formed in a die in which the completed end is formed and removed from the die at a vertical position below the blanking position. Formation and removal of the end beneath the cut line enables better control of the ends after forming. Vacuum is applied to the end underside to positively seat the end against lower die forming elements as the lower elements raise the end to the level of an ejection slot where pressurized air blows the air from between the dies. An automatic lubrication circuit for properly lubricating seal members forming pneumatic cushions for resiliently biasing the various die members is also disclosed.

Abstract: The device comprises a punch (2) of frustoconical shape and a die (1). The die comprises concentric rings (8, 9, 10) movable in the direction of the displacement of the punch, and pressure means (14, 15, 16) for exerting on the rings a predetermined force in the direction toward the punch, each of the annular front surfaces (20, 21, 13) of the rings having a shape which is complementary to the annular surface (20', 21', 13') of the punch in axially facing relation thereto.

Abstract: The method to manufacture sealing nipples or plugs comprises a cutting process of a disk-shaped element from a metal sheet followed by drawing of the disk to obtain a hollow element of cylindrical shape, closed at one end by a cap, and then pressing the hollow element to form an annular crown on the outer peripheral surface of it.Lastly the threading of at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface starting from the open end, is carried out.

Abstract: In the method proposed a peripheral wall with at least one axial section of high shaping and fitting accuracy is made by forming an initial blank. This accuracy is achieved, in that before the peripheral wall is formed, sheet material which has been put into a plastic state is swaged in places round the periphery, then the swaged locations are sized, and/or in that during or after the formation of the peripheral wall, the wall is shaped by stamping in a plurality of places along its periphery, whereby the said zone providing shaping and fitting accuracy is formed from fitting areas at at least one side of the peripheral wall in the region of the swaged and/or stamped locations. An apparatus for carrying out such a method is generally in the form of a drawing machine, wherein the holder and/or the bottom die contain radial apertures, which open into the inner edge of the holder and/or into the shaping cavity of the die, and which are arranged at intervals round the periphery.

Abstract: The method forms a part in relief on a sheet metal blank (10) by means of a die and a punch. There are carried out on at least a localized zone of the blank (10 of FIG. 2), whose dimension exceeds the dimension of the part in relief, a preforming operation and a shaping operation resulting in the forming of the part in relief. In the course of the preforming operation, a succession of stepped undulations are progressively produced in an intermediate zone of the localized zone located between the future high part of the part in relief and the periphery of the localized zone, and, in the course of the shaping operation, the stepped undulations of the intermediate zone are progressively unfolded and the part in relief is simultaneously formed. The invention also provides a device for carrying out this.

Abstract: A piston for a door closer comprises metal cups on opposite ends of a stem. A plastics ring is a snap-fit in one of the cups and protrudes from that cup to seal against the wall of a cylinder. A groove in the side wall of the cup for receiving a rib on the ring is formed by pressing a substantially flat blank before the blank is formed into the cup.

Abstract: A safe opening container lid having a bead side plate portion and a removable plate portion. The bead side plate portion has a first loop portion formed at the outer side of a tear line defining a removable plate portion, the loop portion being bent upwardly from the portion where the tear line is formed, the return portion of the loop portion that returns toward the tear line being spaced apart from the tear line forming portion, and the return portion being further bent outwardly at a position inward of the tear line. The removable plate portion has a second loop portion formed at the inner side of the tear line, the second loop portion being bent downwardly from the portion where the tear line is formed, the return portion of the second loop portion that returns toward the tear line being spaced apart from the tear line forming portion, and the return portion being further bent inwardly at a position outward of the tear line.

Abstract: A can body maker apparatus of the type having an axially reciprocal ram member and an axially reciprocal redraw carriage comprising a ram position sensing assembly for sensing the position of the ram member and for generating a ram position signal in response thereto; an electromagnetic bearing assembly for frictionlessly radially supporting and aligning one end of the ram member with a predetermined ram displacement path; an electromagnetic redraw carriage actuator for applying magnetic force to the redraw carriage for reciprocating the redraw carriage; and a control assembly for selectively energizing and deenergizing electromagnets in the electromagnetic bearing assembly and the electromagnetic redraw assembly in response to the ram position signal, also, an electromagnetic doming apparatus is provided for shaping the bottom portion of the can body.

Abstract: A sheet metal end closure for a container of pressurized products, which closure includes a substantially planar central panel, a countersink around the central panel, a chuckwall around the countersink and a seaming flange around the chuckwall. It further includes an annular downwardly stepped portion between the central panel and the countersink and a coined zone in the panel radius which connects the stepped portion to the countersink. The invention includes a method and apparatus for forming such a sheet metal closure wherein the panel radius between the central panel and the countersink is coined around at least a portion of the circumference of the central panel before the periphery of the central panel is reformed. In accordance with this invention, a major portion of the central panel is moved away from the countersink by depressing the outer peripheral portion of the central panel along with the countersink and chuckwall.

Abstract: A collector apparatus for use in motor vehicle exhaust systems for connecting an internal combustion engine to a open-ended gas receiving member. The collector apparatus defines a chamber for receiving and thoroughly mixing exhaust gases delivered from opposite manifolds associated with the engine prior to delivery to the open end of the gas receiving member. The collector may be formed from a one-piece tubular housing or as a two-piece clam shell and a method for construction of each is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an integral metal furniture top having formed and drawn sides and connecting drawn corners in a single step. Each connecting corner has a radius of approximately 3/32 inch. A segmented die is employed having surface treated steel corner pieces with working faces at an approximately 90.degree. angle and steel side pieces having a compound working face including a metal forming face and a trailing coining projection for substantially removing the shockline produced during the forming operation. A metal blank has metal cut out of each corner that would interfere with the drawing process. The metal blank is placed on a mandrel and surrounding pressure plate. The segmented die then closes on the metal blank forming the sides and drawing the corners of the furniture top in a single operation. The sheet metal used to form the top is approximately 0.028 to 0.031 inch thick and to die/mandrel clearance is approximately 0.032 to 0.033 inch.

Abstract: Domer apparatus includes a housing having a cavity therein; an inner die being disposed in the cavity and being disposed around a longitudinal ram axis; an outer die being disposed in the cavity, being disposed around the longitudinal ram axis, and being disposed circumferentially around the inner die; second, third, and fourth springs being disposed in the cavity radially outward from the longitudinal ram axis, being circumferentially spaced-apart, and operatively engaging the inner die; and an air spring being disposed outwardly of the housing distal from the outer die, and providing a resilient force to the outer die along a plurality of paths that include a plurality of push rods, that are disposed radially outward of the longitudinal ram axis, and that extend longitudinally past the second, third, and fourth springs.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a method for forming a sheet-metal blank (1), in particular in order to make a cathode ray tube mask, on a press, according to which the central part (1a) of the sheet-metal blank (1) is formed with a specified curvature under the effect of a punch (20) which deforms, in a mould (12), the upper die part (14), the load exerted on the punch (20) being distributed over the entire surface of the base (24) of the punch (20), and according to which, after the curving of the central part of the sheet-metal blank, a mechanical action is exerted on a peripheral forming member (30) so as to apply pressure to a ring (36), the ring (36) is deformed and presses against the free part (1b) of the sheet-metal blank (1) in order first to effect a controlled bending of the said free part, and then the said free part (1b) is applied, still under the action of the ring (36), along the side walls of the punch (20) in order to form the flanged edge.

Abstract: In a method for forming a barrel for a two-piece can, before the step of draw-forming the bottom, a taper portion having an inner diameter gradually decreasing toward the bottom surface is formed on a lower part of the side wall of a flat-bottom barrel, corresponding to the outer circumferential frustoconical portion of the bottom of the final barrel or an upper portion contiguous to the outer circumferential portion, and at the step of draw-forming the bottom, at least an upper part of the taper portion is outwardly expanded by insertion of the cylindrical punch. According to this method, a two-piece can having a bottom having a good appearance, a high pressure-resistant strength and an excellent corrosion resistance can be prepared at a high productivity and with a good operation adaptability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of redrawing a metal cup, in which an annular working member is used together with a redrawing die, a redrawing punch and a cup-shaped holding member, and this annular working member has a working face having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of a preliminarily drawn cup to be redrawn. If redrawing is carried out by using this annular working member, the thickness of the drawn cup can be uniformly and sufficiently reduced without damaging a metal sheet of the preliminarily drawn cup or a coating layer thereof.

Abstract: A method for forming a two chambered can having a first chamber in a seamless hollow can cylinder with a closed end portion formed by deep drawing a thin aluminium sheet a second chamber defined in a recess which is formed by inversely rolling a part of the can cylinder at the location adjacent to the end wall of the can cylinder to displace the end wall toward the interior of the can cylinder. respective chambers are filled with different contents and are sealingly closed by respective can lids by a double winding up process respectively.

Abstract: In a method of making a poly-V grooved pulley from a circular flat plate of sheet metal of a predetermined thickness, the central portion of the parent flat plate is pressed to form a cup-shaped blank integral with a circular flat peripheral flange of the same thickness as that of the parent flat plate, the cup-shaped blank having a predetermined thickness thinner than that of the parent flat plate. The cup-shaped blank is pressed to form a hub wall, and the circular flat peripheral flange is drawn to form a cylindrical pulley flange wall. At the final stage, the cylindrical pulley flange wall is formed in its exterior periphery with a plurality of V-shaped grooves for a poly-V belt.

Abstract: A press assembly is operable between open and closed conditions to deform a workpiece. During operation of the press assembly, the workpiece is held by upper and lower draw rings which apply pressure to opposite sides of the workpiece. A cushion assembly is operable to provide a yieldable force opposing movement of the draw rings. An auxiliary apparatus is operable to perform an operation on the workpiece while the workpiece is in the press assembly. A control valve is operable to a closed condition to block fluid flow from the cushion assembly to maintain the cushion assembly in a retracted condition during at least an initial portion of the operation of the press assembly from the closed condition to the open condition. During operation of the press assembly from the open condition toward the closed condition, the piston in a control cylinder is movable under the influence of force transmitted from the upper draw ring to pump fluid to both the cushion assembly and the auxiliary apparatus.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming a reinforced pressure resistant can end shell from sheet material comprises a cutting ring (11), a cutting punch shell (13) enterable into the ring (11) to blank out a disc of material therebetween, an annular draw ring (14) axially aligned with the cutting punch shell (13) to support a peripheral margin of the disc held against it by the cutting punch shell, a die center ring (15) arranged coaxially and slidably within the draw ring (14) and having an end face profiled to define a surface of a seaming panel of the can end shell, an ejector pressure ring (19) arranged coaxially and slidably within the punch shell and axially aligned with the die center ring so that when in use peripheral material of the blank is restrained between the die center ring and the ejector pressure ring, a draw punch center (16) arranged coaxially and slidably within the ejector pressure ring and reform pad (20) arranged coaxially and slidably within the die center ring to engage the central panel of the blank

Abstract: A sheet of metal is blanked by an annular die to form a disk, and a peripheral portion of the disk is gripped between the blank die and a lower pressure sleeve. The peripheral portion is shifted downwardly relative to a center portion of the disk engaged by a center panel punch to form a center panel portion and a panel wall portion connected by a generally frusto-conical inverted chuck wall portion to the peripheral wall portion. The center panel portion and the panel wall portion are engaged by a die center having a projecting lip with a small countersink radius. An inner part of the peripheral wall portion is gripped between a die core ring and an upper pressure sleeve to define a crown portion, and an outer part of the peripheral portion of the disk is formed by the blank die and the die core ring into a depending lip portion.

Abstract: A method of forming a container body having a profiled bottom in a continuous operation wherein the body is formed from a blank of material into an inverted cup, the cup is reverse drawn and a preliminary profile is imparted to the bottom of the cup, and a final profile is imparted. The apparatus includes a die cut edge movable into telescoping relationship around a redraw die to form the inverted cup and a profile punch movable into telescoping relationship within the redraw die to form the preliminary profile against a profile pad. The profile pad is selectively supported by a pair of fluidly actuated pistons whereby, upon activation of the second piston, the final profile may be formed.

Abstract: The method of manufacturing a closure unit formed of sheet metal and containing a holding ring having a ring area bounding a central opening and comprising three substantially flat superjacent and folded sections for attachment with a membrane, contemplates performing in a single deep-drawing operation predetermined shaping and punching operations upon a blank from which there is formed the closure unit.

Abstract: A can bottom forming assembly for forming the bottom wall of a can body. A bodymaker punch urges a can bottom wall first against an outer forming ring, then against a middle forming ring, and then against a domer die.

Abstract: A clutch drum includes a cylindrical drum body having a spline portion consisting of plural extruded angles and extruded channels formed by pressing, and plural pressed-out portions formed at the spline portion, one side wall of the pressed-out portions having a continuous shape without any rupture, the other side wall of the pressed-out portions being formed by half blanking of the clutch drum body so as to stop a snap ring threat.

Abstract: A method of forming container end panels from a sheet of material includes inserting the material into a press at a first level, blanking the material at that level, passing the material through a die and preliminarily forming it in a continuous stroke but at a second level and transferring it laterally at the second level for reforming and curling. The apparatus includes blanking and forming tooling at a first station and reforming and curling tooling at second and third stations. The reforming and curling tooling is disposed at the second level and the first, second and third stations are interconnected by an endless, apertured belt also disposed at the second level. An alternative embodiment involves disposing the first station tooling at an angle with respect to the press centerline, feeding the material into the press in a first direction and moving the preliminarily formed ends in opposite directions normal to the feed direction to second and third stations disposed on opposite ends of the press.

Abstract: A sheet of metal is blanked by an annular die to form a disk, and a peripheral portion of the disk is gripped between the blank die and a lower pressure sleeve. The peripheral portion is shifted downwardly relative to a center portion of the disk engaged by a center panel punch to form a center panel portion and a panel wall portion connected by a generally frusto-conical inverted chuck wall portion to the peripheral wall portion. The center panel portion and the panel wall portion are engaged by a die center having a projecting lip with a small countersink radius. An inner part of the peripheral wall portion is gripped between a die core ring and an upper pressure sleeve to define a crown portion, and an outer part of the peripheral portion of the disk is formed by the blank die and the die core ring into a depending lip portion.

Abstract: This relates to special tooling for forming metal end units for use in conjunction with cans for carbonated beverages and the like wherein the formed end unit is provided with an integral reinforcement in the form of a countersink so as to increase the buckle strength of such an end unit when it is formed of thin metal. Previously there has been developed tooling for forming such an end unit which, while it is commercially satisfactory, did not produce end units having the required buckle resistance. That tooling has been modified by changing the configuration of a punch core so as to eliminate a previously formed cylindrical extension of the end unit chuck wall and a countersink starter. The punch core cooperates with a die core to clamp a center panel of a formed end unit shell so as to move the center panel reversely of its forming direction and to effect a folding of an outer peripheral portion of the center panel in a lower part of the previously formed chuck wall into the required countersink.

Abstract: A method and structure for a piston suspension system for tooling used during shaping of a metal can blank. An integral cylinder housing member is provided with two cylindrical opposing chambers having different diameters. Axial bores are located in sidewalls of a first chamber to receive pushrods extending into the second chamber. A piston is provided in the second chamber for tensioning support of the pushrods. Resilient members are arranged to provide tensioning support for the integral cylinder housing member substantially independent of the piston member and the pushrods.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a tape guide cylinder of small thickness from metal sheet by combination of drawing processing technique, flange processing technique, piercing technique, trimming technique, curling technique and optionally burring technique of metal working processing is disclosed. The tape guide cylinder produced has flange-like inward portions or inwardly bent portions at both ends of the cylinder which fit on cylinder attaching shaft of a cassette case, respectively. Therefore, the inward portions or inwardly bent portions contribute the reduction of the thickness of the cylinder body and thus the reduction of the material used for the production of a tape guide cylinder.

Abstract: A method of forming container end panels from a sheet of material includes inserting the material into a press at a first level, banking the material at that level, passing the material through a die and preliminarily forming it in a continuous stroke but at a second level and transferring it laterally at the second level for reforming and curling. The apparatus includes blanking and forming tooling at a first station and reforming and curling tooling at second and third stations. The reforming and curling tooling is disposed at the second level and the first, second and third stations are interconnected by an endless, apertured belt also disposed at the second level.

Abstract: A CRT shadow mask 9 is made by clamping the outer periphery of a blank, stretch or draw-forming the main spherical surface 9a of the mask, releasing the clamping and wipe-forming the skirt 9c of the mask, and finally press-forming a peripheral spherical border 9e inward of the skirt and having a sharper angle of inclination. The border prevents the spring-back of the high yield strength mask material and the attendant formation of creases and dimples in the mask surface. The die press for implementing the process features an inner pad 32 surrounded by an outer pad 31, both defining spherical surfaces configured to mate with those of a punch 1 for individually forming the main surface and border of the mask. The components are arranged such that a single downward stroke of the press successively implements all of the forming steps.

Abstract: Disclosed herein in dies for forging a gear-shaped part made of a sheet metal, comprising a cylindrical die for forming, in cooperation with a cylindrical punch, tooth portions and bottom land portions at a peripheral wall portion of a cup-shaped work integrally formed from the sheet metal, wherein ridges and grooves provided at the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical die in the axial direction of the die in order to form the tooth portions and the bottom land portions are such that, in the direction from an insertion-side opening of the cylindrical die toward the depth of the die, the height of the ridges is gradually increased to a final height, then the width of the ridges is gradually increased to a final width, and thereafter the depth of the grooves is gradually decreased to a final depth.

Abstract: An apparatus for reforming an end shell includes a stationary tooling assembly having a reform punch for engaging an interior surface of the central wall portion of the end shell. A reciprocating tooling assembly includes spring-loaded pressure pad complimentary to the reform punch for engagin the exterior surface of the central wall portion. A reform ring, mounted circumferentially about the pressure pad, includes an annular nose for fully engaging and supporting the exterior surface of the frustoconical wall portion of the end shell. At the bottom of the reforming stroke, the central wall portion is simultaneously supported by the reform punch and the pressure pad.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a novel shell such as used in the manufacture of can ends, and to a method and tools for making such a shell. A non-circular blank having rounded corners is cut from thin metal. The blank is oblong in a direction transverse to the grain of the metal. A first set of tools separates the blanks and forms a substantially flat central panel and an upward-extending chuck wall about the edge of the panel to produce a partially formed shell. The junction area between the panel and the chuck wall has a relatively large radius of curvature at this time. A second set of tools forms in the blank a lip extending outward from the upper end of the chuck wall and generally parallel to the panel; then the panel and the chuck wall are separately gripped, followed by relative movement between the panel and the chuck wall while wrapping the junction area around a forming punch to form a panel wall in the junction area extending upward from the inner part of the chuck wall.

Abstract: A method of forming a container body having a profiled bottom in a continuous operation wherein the body is formed from a blank of material into an inverted cup, the cup is reverse drawn and a preliminary profile is imparted to the bottom of the cup, and a final profile is imparted. The apparatus includes a die cut edge movable into telescoping relationship around a redraw die to form the inverted cup and a profile punch movable into telescoping relationship within the redraw die to form the preliminary profile against a profile pad. The profile pad is selectively supported by a pair of fluidly actuated pistons whereby, upon activation of the second piston, the final profile may be formed.

Abstract: A method of forming a container end piece from a sheet of material includes the steps of forming an inverted cup by wiping a peripheral edge of the material over a die core ring, inverting the cup by advancing a punch core into the material, thereby forming a flanged area, a central bottom area and a chuckwall interconnected thereto by a radiused portion. The radiused portion is initially formed by an annular nose on the punch core larger than the final radius. The punch core is then retracted and exerts force on the flanged area to shorten the chuckwall and reduce the radius by forcing the material in the chuckwall and radiused areas into the space between a die core and die core ring. A modified method includes supporting and aligning the radiused area with a contoured knockout sleeve between the die core and die core ring.

Abstract: A method of controlling the spacing between a material forming punch and a complemental die includes advancing a punch shell and a pressure sleeve into engagement with the material and holding the material with the sleeve and blanking it with the punch shell. The material is then preliminarily formed by clamping the periphery between the pressure sleeve and a die core ring and advancing a punch core past the top of the die core ring and clamping the material against a die core to establish the desired dimension. The material is then finally formed by further advancement of the punch core with the die core and die core ring moving together. The apparatus includes a die core and die core ring which are concentrically arranged and independently supported but movable into engagement with each other after a predetermined amount of travel so as to move together through any further travel caused by movement of a punch core against the die core.

Abstract: A can bottom forming assembly for forming the bottom wall of a can body. A bodymaker punch urges a can bottom wall first against an outer forming ring, then against a middle forming ring, and then against a domer die.

Abstract: At least the collecting groove surface of a chiplessly formed, open-end spinning rotor is not contacted with shaping tools as the groove is formed. Such collecting groove may have a surface including a number of smooth, uniformly distributed islets formed thereon during initial production of an intermediate product pot. To produce the rotor, a pot is first made by stretching and stamping flat material. The pot is then subjected to plastic deformation, such as roll pressing, to affect a peripheral wall of the pot to form the collecting groove between such peripheral wall and a bottom of the pot. Such plastic deformation may further optionally be accomplished without interior support of the walls thus formed, with the result that such undistributed slip walls also have smooth, uniformly distributed islets thereon.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of forming a bathtub having a sloped back end in a sheet steel drawing process, wherein a steel blank is first held onto a draw ring and bed by a blank holder. A punch in the general shape of the bathtub is forced into the blank. As the punch extends into the draw ring, an air draw is made at the portion of the blank corresponding to the sloped back end in the final product of the process. This portion of the blank develops wrinkles as the drawing operation continues, until the blank contacts a die in the bed of the set-up. As the punch extends further into the draw stroke the blank is pressed into recesses in the die by corresponding bulges in the punch, thereby "ironing" out the wrinkles in the blank so that the sloped end is smooth.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a dome in the bottom wall of a can body having a beveled peripheral edge incorporating a floating doming die and pressure ring to compensate for misalignment of the doming die and punch or the can body, and resilient members for restoring the doming die and pressure ring accurately to a normal coaxial central position.

Abstract: A method of forming a deep-drawn and ironed container having a bottom profile wherein a cup is formed by drawing an inverted cup and reverse drawing the cup and simultaneously imparting a bottom profile thereto while controlling the thickness of the material in the bottom. The method also includes providing support to the profiled bottom while ironing the cup thus formed. The method is accomplished by a system which includes a draw-redraw station wherein the inverted cup is adjustably held by a fluidly actuated lift out ring and draw pad in the bottom area against a punch during reverse drawing to control metal thickness in the bottom. A separate pressure sleeve is also engaged with the profiled bottom during ironing to prevent pulling material from the bottom.

Abstract: A doming assembly for doming the bottom wall of a can body. A bodymaker punch urges a can bottom wall first against a forming ring and then against a domer die. The forming ring forms an outer annular portion of a dome and the domer die forms a central portion of a dome in the can bottom wall. The sequential engagement of the can bottom wall by first the forming ring, then the domer die prevents flower dome formation and axial can body shortening.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a shadow mask from a mask blank includes a punch having a convex surface, a pad having a complementary concave surface, and upper and lower dies having openings therein for receiving the punch and the pad, respectively. Each die also has a complementary nonplanar surface adjacent the opening for clamping the mask blank. Each die surface has a surface contour that substantially matches the extended surface contour of the mask blank when the mask blank lies against the inner edge of the lower die surface, so that wrinkling does not occur when the mask blank is clamped between the upper and lower dies.

Abstract: A method of forming a container end panel having a countersink radius and a chuckwall including preforming the radius and the chuckwall so that the chuckwall includes a straight wall portion tangent to the radius and reforming and reducing the radius without tooling restraint while holding pressure against the straight wall area. Apparatus for performing the method includes a punch core and a cooperating die core ring having complimental geometry for forming the chuckwall and radius configuration. The article formed by the method and apparatus includes an end panel having a straight wall portion between the normal tapered wall portion and countersink radius.

Abstract: A method of forming container end panels includes first forming the bottom outer panel and then preliminarily forming the chuckwall and countersink radius by pulling material from the peripheral edge area with a punch core. The countersink radius is finally formed by partially retracting the punch core from the radius while holding the chuckwall to wrap some of the material in the radius upwardly. The apparatus includes an outer punch core with a tapered nose which preliminarily forms the chuckwall and countersink radius and then is retractable from the radius while holding the wall during final forming of the radius.

Abstract: A one-piece tri-pot universal joint housing is cold formed from a part having a shank at one end and an enlarged cylindrical head at the opposite end. The enlarged head is backward extruded to form a triangularly shaped cup which is then draw-ironed to provide a tri-lobal housing portion integrally attached to the shank.