Abstract: There is disclosed a rolling arrangement including a rolling stand and a preceding descaling means. In order to obtain a perfect surface quality while maintaining a high energy content of the rolling stock the descaling means is arranged immediately in front of the rolls of the rolling stand and is formed by a rotor descaling means. The liquid jets emerging from the rotor descaling means and impinging on the rolling stock are directed opposite to the rolling direction. The liquid impinging on the point of impact of the liquid jet on the surface of the rolling stock, after impingement has a flow resultant which--projected on the rolling direction--has a component opposite to the rolling direction.

Abstract: A reciprocating lubricator assembly for a die press employs a non-linear travel path and a mechanical advantage to permit the use of an actuator having a very short stroke to move a lubricating nozzle into and out of alignment with the dies, thereby permitting very rapid operation and increasing the press's production rate. The design of the lubricator assembly may depend upon the size of the press. Relatively small presses employing dies on the order of 6" can accommodate a lubricator assembly the nozzle of which is reciprocated by a glide arm assembly which causes the nozzle to move a stroke on the order of 51/2-7" with a 3" actuator stroke. Larger presses having dies on the order of 14" or larger are better suited for accommodating a swing arm assembly the nozzle of which traverses a stroke of 10" or more with an actuator stroke of 3".

Abstract: In a bending type mechanical descaling method, streak-like scales remain, which cause a die seizure in the subsequent drawing process. In the present invention, there is provided a quite new mechanical descaling technique capable of eliminating such streak-like scales. The new mechanical descaling method includes the step of passing a metal wire through a torsion generating portion for forcibly turning the metal wire around the axial center thereof while running the metal wire, thereby removing scales due to a difference in toughness between the metal wire and scales.

Abstract: An arrangement for sealing without contact a gap between a separating wall and a work roll in the runout of a roll stand includes at an end of the separating wall a separating element which is arranged so as to extend approximately tangentially relative to the surface of the work roll and at a relatively small distance from the surface of the work roll and from the surface of the rolled material. The separating element has at least one supply duct for compressed air connected to a compressed air source, wherein the supply duct has at an end thereof a slot-shaped nozzle which is located at a small distance from the roll surface and extends along the roll surface in the direction of the roll axis. The blowing-out direction of the slot-shaped nozzle and a line extending from the nozzle opening perpendicularly relative to the axis of the work roll include an angle of between 0.degree. and 45.degree..

Abstract: A device for the processing of a barrel of which the upper side comprises a filling hole situated in a standardized position, this device comprising a processing enclosure fitted with a supporting structure bearing a rotary annular part on which the barrel can be disposed, centered and pivoted about its vertical axis of symmetry, and with a purging device comprising a purging rod that is vertically translatable, this rod being disposed to come into line with the axis of the hole subsequent to a rotation of the barrel and to then be inserted inside the barrel by translational motion.

Abstract: In a production method for silicon steel hot rolled sheets by subjecting a slab of silicon steel to a rough hot rolling through high-temperature heating and then subjecting to a finish hot rolling, rolling at the first stand in the finish hot rolling is carried out so that a relation of thickness at entrance side of the stand t.sub.F1 (mm), thickness at delivery side thereof t.sub.F2 (mm), surface temperature of steel sheet at gripping T.sub.F0 (.degree. C.) and temperature at the depth of (t.sub.F1 -t.sub.F2)/2 (mm) from the surface of the steel sheet at gripping T.sub.F1 satisfies the following equation:(T.sub.F1 -T.sub.F0)/{(t.sub.F1 -t.sub.F2)/2}.ltoreq.10+t.sub.F1 /10 (.degree.C./mm).Thus, surface defect and surface cracks can be prevented in the hot rolling to provide silicon steel sheets having excellent surface properties.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method of preventing deposition of oil on steel mill scale particles comprising adding from about 1 part per million to about 500 parts per million of an amine acrylate/acrylic acid copolymer to mill flume water. Once the copolymer is added, deposition of oil onto scale particles is prevented. The recovered mill scale has less than 2% oil by weight on the scale, making it suitable for recycle to the steelmaking process. Oil and water are subsequently separated with a greater percentage of oil being recovered.

Abstract: A self-contained unitary assembly for peripheral devices normally located close to a Steckel mill is provided. The assembly has a frame open at both ends to receive and pass through the steel product being rolled. Above and below the pathway for the steel product are located transversely spaced arrays of descaler nozzles and their headers and also controlled cooling nozzles and their headers. Also included within the unitary assembly is the x-ray measuring gauge or other suitable measuring instrument for measuring some characteristic of the steel product. The unitary assembly is positioned between the pinch rolls and the Steckel mill. Protective steel plates or beams are provided running both transversely and longitudinally within the frame for the assembly to provide protection for the nozzles and measuring apparatus. These protective elements also serve to minimize the amount of errant water spray that might otherwise tend to enter the coiler furnace.

Abstract: A device for moving a blowing and spraying assembly for dies used in a forging press freely adjusts the movement of the blowing and spraying assembly. The distance from an intermediate fulcrum P of a driving lever 2 having a certain length L to a pressure receiving roller 21 located at one end of the lever 2 being in contact with a slide 11 is established as L1, and a distance from the fulcrum P to an engagement ring 31 located at another end of the lever 2 is established as L2. The distances L1 and L2 can be freely adjusted by changing the position of the point P. The engagement ring is engaged with a linkage 5 through a connecting part 4, and a driven lever 51 of the linkage is connected to the spray blower. When changing the ratio of L1 to L2, an inclination .theta.1 of the driving lever is increased or decreased, and this variation of the inclination causes an inclination .theta. 2 of a driven lever to change, whereby a stroke S of a jet 61 on the top end of the spray blower is changed.

Abstract: A die lubricant applicator for spraying lubricant from a pressurized source of lubricant through a plurality of injector nozzles onto a die press. Associated with each injector nozzle is a solenoid-operated valve for selectively gating the flow of the lubricant to the injector nozzle, and also an electronic control, such as a portion of a programmable logic controller, responsive to the movement of the die of the die press, for opening the solenoid valve for a predetermined and programmable dwell time, thereby passing a predetermined volume of lubricant from the pressurized source to the injector nozzle. The electronic control associated with each injector nozzle includes a programmable timer that causes the solenoid valve to open for the programmed dwell time, and the electronic control may also include a programmable counter that can inhibit the firing of the programmable dwell timer for a number of die press cycles.

Abstract: A film of lithium capable for example of providing the anode of a polymer electrolyte battery is produced by laminating a lithium sheet between two working rolls. At the outlet, the film remains attached to one of the two rolls up to a given point of the circumference of the latter where it forms an angle of about 90.degree. with the meeting point between the two rollers. A sufficient tension is thereafter exerted on the film, which in any case is inferior to the limit of elasticity of lithium, by pulling the film in order to detach it from the surface of the roller and usually so that the given point moves into an intermediate position between 90.degree. and the meeting point, for example about 45.degree.. The product obtained may also be used any time there is a need for a film of lithium having a thickness for example between 10 and 100 .mu.m.

Abstract: In descaling and cold rolling of metal strip, there are performed the steps of joining strips longitudinally together, passing the joined strip continuously through a descaler, subdividing the descaled strip into long strip lengths and coiling the long strip lengths into large coils at a first coiling station having a plurality of coiling drums, feeding the large coils from said coiling station to a cold rolling mill and rolling each of them in the mill. The cold rolling mill is a reversing multi-pass cold rolling mill in which the strip is rolled in a plurality of passes with reversal. To achieve efficient use of the capacity of the reversing mill while reducing the size of the descaler, coiling and uncoiling of two said large coils respectively take place simultaneously at the first coiling station, and each long strip length is coiled a first time on one of the coiling drums at the coiling station on exit from said descaler and at least a second time on the same coiling drum during its rolling in the mill.

Abstract: In a rolling mill for following aluminum strip, it is desirable to apply water to the rolls on the entry side of the mill. Water should be kept off the surface of the rolled strip to avoid marking and, to this end, a moisture extraction device is arranged to collect moisture passing between the upper work roll and its back-up roll. The device includes an extractor system connected to a head assembly located in the cusp between the work roll and its back-up roll on the exit side of the mill.

Abstract: The device embodying the invention uses a hydraulic press activating a mobile plate in a chamber opposite a base on which a metal barrel can be disposed, and successively comprises: the placing and maintaining of the barrel on the base; the perforating of two opposite sides of the barrel by means of an elongated perforating mechanism running through the barrel from side to side and from top to bottom; the cleaning of the interior of the barrel by projection of a cleansing fluid under pressure by means of a rotary injection head integral with the perforating mechanism; and the crushing of the barrel by displacement of the plate towards the base. The invention notably concerns the processing of polluted metal barrels with a view to facilitating handling, storage and recycling thereof.

Abstract: A semi-continuous "push-pull" pickle line for removing oxides from hot-rolled steel strip. In addition to other value added features, a treatment portion of the pickle line includes: (1) a two-high temper mill operable to break scale on the strip as well as elongate, shape correct and controllably reduce the gauge of the strip; (2) a pickling zone including at least one V-shaped, shallow-path pickling tank within which a plurality of sparging ports dispense substantially laminar flows of acid solution toward the bottom surface of the strip as it passes through the pickling tank; and (3) a displaceable inspection table desirably cooperating with lights and mirrors to permit simultaneous inspection of the top and bottom surfaces of the steel after pickling.

Abstract: An apparatus for pre-processing a stainless steel to be cold-rolled comprising: annealing and pickling means having a mechanical descaling device and a pickling device; rolling means consisting of rolls arranged to be two or more stages; and means capable of applying liquid lubricant at a thin thickness to a work roll of the rolling means.

Abstract: A system for processing steel strips in a hot strip mill includes an apparatus and method for minimizing oxide growth on steel strips and reducing wear on work rolls in the finishing mill. In order to reduce oxide build up, steel strips are sprayed with coolant at selected locations throughout the finishing mill and the surface temperature of the strips is controlled to be within the range of an upper limit (T.sub.u) and a lower limit (T.sub.L) where oxide growth is minimized. Accordingly, wear on the work rolls due to abrasive contact with the steel strips is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for drawing and forming a bright wire of a predetermined diameter and cross-section, from stock of a greater diameter. It includes the steps of (a) chemically removing scale from said stock; (b) applying a coating of lubricant carrier to the descaled stock; (c) applying drying air to the stock with the lubricant carrier thereon; (d) applying a lubricant to the carrier-coated stock; (e) drawing the lubricated stock through one or more pressure dies to decrease the diameter of the stock down to the desired predetermined diameter, including lubricating before each die; (f) buffing the drawn stock with a plurality of buffing wheels, said buffing wheels being applied to the drawn stock at a plurality of angles to the direction of travel of the stock to produce bright wire; and, (g) coiling the resulting bright wire into coils for subsequent use. The chemical descaling may be continuous or batch and the remainder of the process is continuous.

Abstract: A rolling mill strip wiper assembly is provided which includes an elongated strip wiper positionable transversely to the direction of travel of the moving strip, having a substantially rigid wiper body which supports on its exterior one or more layers of permeable media, one or more inlet ports in the wiper body for receiving a liquid which is channeled to outlets for permitting the liquid to impregnate the permeable media on at least one such strip wiper positionable on at least one side of the moving strip, thereby effectively removing and preventing accumulation of virtually all contaminate matter carried by the strip.

Abstract: When a strip of e.g. hot steel is rolled by a rolling or roughing mill, scale develops on the surface of the strip which must be removed. The strip is passed over a bending roller which bends the strip and causes cracks in the scale. Then water is injected onto the strip to wash the roller and lift of the scale. Inertia then causes the water and scale to leave the surface of the strip and pass to a collection device whose water collecting surface is out of contact with the strip and on the opposite side of the bending roller from where the water is injected. In this way the time of contact of the water with the strip can be kept short and the strip is not damaged by contact with the collection device.

Abstract: Hollow billet (13) in a first operation of a piercing mill (1, 2) is advanced over a piercer (10) placed on front end (5) of a piercer rod (6) and is retracted after removal of the piercer. During the advance of hollow billet (13) a lubricant is applied to the hollow billet inside wall processed immediately before by piercer (10) with the help of an inert carrier gas current through outlet openings (16, 17) on front part (14) of piercer rod (6). In this way the lubricant is distributed uniformly on the hollow billet wall in the first operation for processing in the second operation of the piercing mill and in the latter for processing in a third operation (in a reeling mill). Thus, no delay whatsoever occurs in the processing, i.e., the operations can be performed without interruption successively, and no environmental pollution by the agent occurs.

Abstract: A method of pre-processing a stainless steel strip to be cold-processed comprising the steps of: annealing and pickling the stainless steel strip after completing hot rolling; applying liquid lubricant with a thickness of 1 .mu.m or less to the surfaces of rolls before the rolls come into contact with the stainless steel strip; and rolling the stainless steel strip at a reduction ratio exceeding 5%. An apparatus for pre-processing a stainless steel to be cold-rolled comprising: annealing and picking means having a mechanical descaling device and a pickling device; rolling means consisting of rolls arranged in two or more stages; and means capable of applying liquid lubricant in a thin layer to a work roll of the rolling means.

Abstract: A system for processing steel strips in a hot strip mill includes an apparatus and method for removing the oxide layer in the finishing mill process such that the final thickness of the oxide layer is much less than previously possible. In order to reduce the thickness of the oxide layer, the invention provides for the removal of oxide scales from the surface of the steel strips at a distance in front of the working rolls of the finishing mill that minimizes the time the strip is exposed to ambient conditions after it is descaled and before it is received between the pair of working rolls. By minimizing this exposure time, the thickness of the oxide layers in the finished strips is substantially reduced.

Abstract: The formation of mill scale contaminated with an appreciable amount of oily substances is prevented by spraying rolled steel with an aqueous stream under high pressure containing an effective amount of a surfactant.

Abstract: A system for processing steel strips in a hot strip mill includes an apparatus and method for removing the oxide layer in the finishing mill process such that the final thickness of the oxide layer is much less than previously possible. In order to reduce the thickness of the oxide layer, the invention provides for the removal of oxide scales from the surface of the steel strips at a distance in front of the working rolls of the finishing mill that minimizes the time the strip is exposed to ambient conditions after it is descaled and before it is received between the pair of working rolls. By minimizing this exposure time, the thickness of the oxide layers in the finished strips is substantially reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pretreatment of ductile non-ferrous metal to be deformed in a continuous plastic deforming device (20) in which the surface parts of the metal to be deformed do not substantially form surface parts of the metal after said deformation. Known methods of pretreatment include scaling off of thin surface layers and pickling e.g. in baths and coiling or storing the metal thereafter before feeding to the deforming device. Such methods have disadvantages in view of energy, waste of material and, in many cases, in still having some surface contamination on the metal entering the deforming device. To avoid such disadvantages, the invention proposes to spray the metal with a deoxidation and cleaning agent in one throughgoing operation directly while it is moving to the deforming device and continuously and sychronously therewith. Spraying is done by directing forceful jets of the liquid onto the moving metal surface.

Abstract: A hot rolling method, wherein portions of a hot-rolled steel material having suffered a temperature fall below Ar.sub.3 transformation temperature thereof during hot rolling are subjected to an intermediate heating to have a temperature not less than Ac.sub.3 transformation temperature before the steel material is finally finish-hot-rolled, whereby a resultant hot-rolled product can have a superior uniform structure without duplex structure, and apparatus for effecting the method.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in cooling and/or drying or cleaning elongate material, such as drawn wire, tube or strip material, the apparatus comprising a chamber, which may be formed at least in part by a flexible tube, having an inlet and an outlet through which the material enters and leaves the chamber, and the chamber is connected via an outlet passage to a device which creates a sub-atmospheric pressure within the chamber. The sub-atmospheric pressure lowers the evaporation temperature of the cooling liquid which is on the surface of the material which evaporates and cools the material and the sub-atmospheric pressure causes air to flow into the chamber around the material in the region of the outlet and this airflow is at high velocity and wipes the material. The apparatus is preferably located on the end of a structure in which a drawing die is housed.

Abstract: A method is provided for removal of surface oxide from a continuously cast copper bar preparatory to inline hot rolling, wherein solidified bar continuously advancing from a continuous caster is directed to a continuous hot rolling mill, comprising: passing said advancing bar, being at hot rolling temperature, through a spray zone of selected quench capacity and impulse, such that for each segment of said bar passing through said spray zone, said oxide is quenched to a black heat but is not ablated and said underlying bar is subjected to a shallow quench; said spray zone being situated in close proximity to but selectively spaced upcourse from the first rolls of said hot rolling mill such that there is insufficient time for substantial reheating of said quenched oxide during the approach to said first rolls; whereupon as quenched segments of the advancing bar progressively approach said first rolls and said underlying bar begins to deform just prior to roll contact, said oxide spalls off the bar surfaces subs

Abstract: A substantial amount of liquid lubricant used in a cold strip rolling mill is prevented from passing between the area of the work roll necks and work roll bodies not in contact with a strip by locating in a strip guiding means on the entry side adjacent both edges of the strip, several zoned air nozzles which delivery a positive pressure to force the liquid away from this area, in a direction toward the center of the strip and rolls, and which nozzles are controlled according to the width of strip being rolled. The relatively small amount of liquid finding its way onto the delivery side is removed from the strip by providing in the strip guiding means both positive and negative air pressure means located above and below the strip, and negatively pressurized longitudinal enclosures located adjacent both edges of the strip and the said area.

Abstract: A multi-stage steel wire drawing machine has, in each stage, two dies and a single drive motor for drawing the wire through the two dies. In a preferred arrangement the dies are mounted side-by-side and an idler wheel used to define part of the wire path between the dies in the stage and a coaxial driven wheel is used to draw the wire through both dies in the stage and to define part of the wire path leading to the next stage. Dry wire lubrication before die entry and water cooling after passage through the dies are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of applying a visible mark on a hot steel slab is described. The adherence of the marking composition to the slab surface can be improved by removing locally iron oxide therefrom, followed by the step of locally cooling down the surface to prevent secondary oxide growth. This is done by first directing a water jet of high pressure at an acute angle to the slab surface immediately followed by a gentle water stream of low pressure. After this conditioning of the surface, the mark can be sprayed thereon.

Abstract: A thin coherent, high pressure volume, curtain water wall of liquid is applied in a transverse direction across a surface of a strip in a hot rolling mill to uniformly remove oxide scaling from the strip's surface. A header is designed to have several passages which produce several discrete liquid flows which are directed into a pressure equalization zone prior to their entering the nozzle section of the header to create upon the flow's exiting from the nozzle section a curtain wall of fluid having a thickness which delivers a uniform sufficient impact force against the strip's surface for the descaling process thereof.

Abstract: In the automatic transport of workpieces in drop-forging presses, the workpiece is moved by a transporting device from one die to the next die in accordance with strokes. The dies are kept clean by blasting and spraying. Two dies are located at each work station and used for the same operating step of the transport mechanism. The transporting includes two respective pairs of workpiece gripping members and has a transport path corresponding to the distance between the different work stations. The output of the press is doubled since it is possible to carry out simultaneous cleaning of the tools by blasting and spraying for each operation of the press.

Abstract: Hot-rolled metal strip is pickled and then, before oiling and coiling, is subjected to a rolling operation of the skin-pass and/or bend-leveling type. If the strip is to be longitudinally split in half, the rollers of the skin-pass assembly--which preferably consists of two stages--may include a substantially barrel-shaped roller pair designed to impart a symmetrical cross-section to each of the two strip halves.

Abstract: A friction-actuated extrusion process comprising pickling the metal to be extruded before it is granulated and used as the in-feed for the process.

Abstract: A portable tubular metal member straightening apparatus that complies with ecological standards by retaining all foreign solid material displaced from an elongate member as the latter is straightened, recirculates the cooling and wash water rather than spilling it on the ground, and includes a rearward frame extension portion that may be pivoted to an upwardly and forwardly extending position prior to the apparatus being moved over a public highway to bring the apparatus within the length limits imposed on the highway.

Abstract: In the production of drawn and ironed seamless metal cans an elongated sheet, for example, of tin-plated steel or aluminum, is lubricated and fed to a blanking and cupping press which cuts the sheet and forms it into shallow cups. The cups are fed to a series of ironing dies which thin the sidewalls of the cups and produce tall, smooth shells. While in the sidewall ironer the cups, shells and dies are flooded with an oil-in-water emulsion which acts as a lubricant and coolant. The can shells are trimmed to obtain a uniform height, and washed. The lubricant-coolant is re-circulated to and from the wall ironer by the coolant system which contains tanks, pumps, conventional plate-frame filter, chiller, etc. to remove heat and contaminants. Can shells emerging from the ironing process carry a relatively large amount of coolant as "drag out". Some of the dragged out coolant is dripped into the waste pit while the rest is removed in the can-washing operation.

Abstract: The assembly for blowing out and spraying dies in a forging press is particularly adapted both to automatically operating and hand operated drop-forging presses. The automatically operating drop forging presses have workpiece transport effected by a walking beam transport system. The blowing and spraying assembly comprises arms having nozzles disposed at the end thereof to be guided into the mold area of the forging press in a timed sequence while avoiding the movement of the press plunger and walking beam transport system when it is being used. The blowing and spraying assembly comprises a carrier means hinged to a four-bar linkage arrangement which has two levers and a carrier member. In a specific embodiment, the ends of the two levers facing away from the carrier member are pivotably mounted to a housing. The housing constitutes a carrier support means secured to the stator of the forging press.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method and device for removing liquid from a moving surface such as a continuous metal sheet or strip. The invention has particular application to the removing of lubricant and/or coolant from sheet or strip in a rolling operation or the backup rolls of the rolling mills. The invention comprises a vacuum unit to remove most of the liquid from the moving surface, an air knife to drive the liquid remaining on the surface toward the vacuum unit, and a vent maintained at a pressure intermediate between the low pressure of the vacuum unit and the high pressure of the air knife to minimize eddy current formation in the gas flow from the air knife to the vacuum unit. Eddy currents can cause the redeposition of liquid onto the essentially dry sheet or strip.

Abstract: A clean cold strip is produced by injecting at a high pressure a rolling mill lubricant emulsion of a low concentration to both the sides of a strip at the last stand of a rolling mill, thereby removing oil and metal dust therefrom, charging the cold strip as rolled into a box annealing furnace, mixing water steam with an atmospheric gas of the annealing furnace consisting mainly of nitrogen and hydrogen, and adjusting the dew point of the gas within the furnace to 0.degree.-10.degree. C.

Abstract: The article handling assembly includes a lifting beam having a support with a plurality of workpiece grasping members. The support is moved inwardly and outwardly with respect to the work stations of the forging press. A spraying mechanism is also provided to move inwardly and outwardly with respect to the work stations of the forging press. A control mechanism operates the movement of the lifting beam having the workpiece grasping members effecting movement from one work station to the next. The movement is effected along the length of the forging press work stations outside of the area of the work stations. The movement of the spraying mechanism into and out of the work stations is synchronized with the movement of the workpiece grasping members moving into and out of the work stations to initially grasp workpieces and then to release the workpieces in the next work station. These operations are effectuated while the forging press is in an open position.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously removing fine scale dust comprising oxides of iron, such as FeO, Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, and Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 from mechanically descaled hot-rolled or heat-treated steel strand as preparation for wire drawing.Generally hot-rolled or heat-treated steel wire strand must be descaled prior to cold drawing into wire products. When mechanically descaled, as by reverse bending, large pieces of brittle scale separate readily from the steel surface but smaller dust-like particles remain attached to the surface as by electromagnetic or electrostatic forces. These small particles must be removed prior to cold drawing into wire; otherwise, drawing die life is seriously reduced by the abrasive nature of the fine scale dust particles.The invention herein comprises an apparatus for the continuous removal of iron oxide scale dust from mechanically descaled steel strand. The invented apparatus is intended for use in tandem with mechanical descaling equipment.

Abstract: A cleaning method for steel plates is disclosed for removing rolling oil and metal powders by spraying highly pressurized cleaning solution on both surfaces of strip steel plates immediately before and/or after the final step in the cold-rolling process of the strip steel plates. The cleaning may be performed with efficiency by mixing abrasive grains, a rust inhibitor, a surface active agent or the like in the cleaning solution.

Abstract: An improved wire with an excellent adhesion with rubber is disclosed for reinforcing rubber goods, made by a diffusion process wherein oxides formed on the surface of plated metal during diffusion are removed before drawing.

Abstract: An air wipe nozzle for removing water from a rod as it emerges from a water cooling tube in a rod mill is provided. The air nozzle includes a tubular head through which the rod passes, the header having a plurality of passages terminating in openings spaced around the periphery of the tube interior and directed at an acute angle with respect to the tube axis. The passages are configured to receive compressed air and direct it through the openings against the movement of the rod through the housing toward the entry end of the housing. A second group of openings spaced downstream in the header from the other openings directs additional air against the rod to completely remove water from the rod surface. Direction of the air toward the upstream direction of travel of the rod creates a vacuum at the exit end of the header and draws air therein to prevent passage of water along the header itself.

Abstract: A device for blasting descaling slurry jets against the surfaces of sheet metal is disclosed, thereby descaling the same prior to cold rolling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous production of bright copper rod from stock discharged from a continuous casting machine in which an oxide layer formed on the stock during its passage from the continuous casting machine in the atmosphere is subjected to an initial breakage and separation operation by discharging a chemically active liquid at a relatively low pressure against the oxide layer followed by descaling the stock after the initiation of the breakage of the layer by projecting jets of liquid at a relatively high pressure against the stock. The stock which is now free from oxide layer is rolled in a rolling mill in the presence of cooling and lubricating liquid which isolates the stock from the outside atmosphere and allows the formation of rod in the stands of the rolling mill. The rod obtained from the rolling mill is cooled by passage through a duct in counterflow with a cooling liquid such that the rod leaves the duct at a temperature below 80.degree. C.

Abstract: The plant includes quenching apparatus having cooling means for directing cooling liquid onto a rolled product passing through the quenching apparatus from a rolling mill. The cooling liquid is removed from the rolled product, by a liquid, and optionally, by scraping or brushing. The quenched product is cut up, e.g. by shears, before passing to a still-air cooling area.

Abstract: Articles made of ferrous, non-ferrous and light metals and alloys thereof, e.g., aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, molybdenum, steel, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, vanadium and zinc and their alloys, are pretreated before coating and surface finishing in an anhydrous, inert, aprotic liquid, and subsequently electroplated with aluminum, cadmium, indium or zinc in an aprotic organo-metal electrolyte essentially free of molecular oxygen and water and, optionally, additionally finished by anodizing, chemical oxidation or diffusion. The pretreatment may be by erosion with finely-divided abrasive particles suspended in such liquid and impinged upon the surface of the article by hydraulic jetting, or with an aprotic liquid by the liquid-drop erosion method. Alternatively, the pretreatment may be by electrolytic action in a circuit where the article serves as the anode and is immersed in an anhydrous, aprotic electrolyte.