Abstract: The invention pertains to surface topographies which can be used to modulate the morphology, proliferation, biochemical functioning, differentiation, attachment, migration, signaling, and/or cell death of a cell population by physical stimulation. Such topographies can be applied in vitro and in vivo to modulate cell behavior. Specific examples include implants provided with a topography of the invention which regulates the immune response, or an implant which increases osteogenesis. The invention furthermore pertains to objects which are used in vitro to modulate cell behavior.

Abstract: An automobile structural member has a first wall part, a second wall part that faces the first wall part, and a third wall part that connects the first wall part and the second wall part. At least one of the first wall part and the second wall part has a main wall part in which two through-holes are formed, and at least two auxiliary wall parts that are provided so as to rise from the main wall part. Each auxiliary wall part is provided so as to rise in the thickness direction of the main wall part from an edge of a through-hole. The distance between two auxiliary wall parts in the longitudinal direction of the main wall part is 1.4 times or less the width of the main wall part at a portion between the two auxiliary wall parts.

Abstract: A fastening structure includes: plural overlapping co-fastened members, a clearance hole being formed at at least one mating face of mutual mating faces of the plural co-fastened members, and a screw utilizing frictional heat to bore a hole and form a thread, passing through the clearance hole, and fastening the plural co-fastened members together.

Abstract: An example memory cooler may include a vapor chamber device and a number of heat pipes connected to the vapor chamber device. The vapor chamber device may include walls that bound a vapor chamber, the heat pipes may include vapor channels, and the heat pipes may be connected to a first wall of the vapor chamber device such that their respective vapor channels are communicably connected to the vapor chamber. The example memory cooler may also include fins extending from a second wall of the vapor chamber device, the second wall bounding the vapor chamber. The fins and the second wall may be part of the same continuous body.

Abstract: In order to form an internal thread having a concave surface having the same shape as that obtained by using a thread cutting blade having a convex surface without using such a thread cutting blade in formation of an internal thread hole in a mold component or the like using a thread milling cutter, a trimming blade has a leading-side flank surface extending from an axial tip side of a tool body to the rear side, a top surface formed continuously to the leading-side flank surface in the axial direction, and a trailing-side flank surface formed continuously to the top surface in the axial direction. Two or more chamfered surfaces are formed between the leading-side flank surface and the top surface and between the top surface and the trailing-side flank surface in the trimming blade.

Abstract: A thread forming tap includes a partial thread. The partial thread is provided, in the axis direction view, with a protrusion formed so as to protrude in the radial direction and a clearance section formed so as to have a smaller diameter than the protrusion, and as a result of the foregoing, if a thread forming tap rotates in a state where the inner circumferential surface of a pilot hole and the partial thread come into contact, the protrusion of the partial thread can be caused to engage with the inner circumferential surface of the pilot hole. Due to this configuration, rubbing in a state where the partial thread is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the pilot hole can be suppressed, and as a result, chipping of the partial thread can be prevented.

Abstract: The inventive method of forming anchors comprises following steps. A rod-shaped workpiece is roll-formed by penetrating the rod-shaped workpiece with two wedge-shaped tools at two points. The two points are arranged on opposite sides and axially separated of a plane perpendicular to an axis of the rod-shaped workpiece. The two wedge-shaped tools are axially approaching to the plane while the rod-shaped workpiece is revolved around the axis. The roll-formed workpiece is separated along the plane for forming two bolts. A sleeve is applied around the anchor bolts.

Abstract: An apparatus for roller swaging may include a support arm, a spherical roller rotatably supported in the support arm, a mount for slidably supporting the support arm, a first actuator for displacing the support arm relative to the mount, a second actuator for supporting the arm and imparting rotational movement of the mount about an axis in which the spherical roller describes a circular path, a base for supporting the second actuator for reciprocal movement parallel to the axis, and a third actuator connected to the second actuator for displacing the second actuator relative to the base. A method for roller swaging may include inserting a tube end into a ferrule, and urging a spherical roller against an inner wall of the tube with a force sufficient to swage the inner wall against the ferrule, thereby mechanically securing the ferrule to the end of the tube.

Abstract: In a spinning processing method of processing cylindrical parts includes: joining at least two sheets of metal plates by bring together sheet surfaces of the metal plates; rotating the metal plates using a rotating shaft that is arranged perpendicular to the sheet surfaces of the metal plates; applying a separating and deforming force at a coupling position on a periphery of the at least two sheets of the metal plates to separate and deform the metal plates while the at least two sheets of the metal plates rotate; and applying a cylinder forming force to at least one of the metal plates to form a cylinder along the rotating shaft.

Abstract: In a method for forming a pipe element, a spin forming tool is revolved in an orbit of increasing diameter within the pipe element. The pipe element is captured within a die. The method forms a circumferential shoulder at one end. The shoulder has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the pipe element. A groove is formed adjacent to the shoulder. The groove has a floor surface with an outer diameter less than the outer diameter of the pipe element. A bead is formed contiguous with the groove. The bead has an apex with an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the pipe element.

Abstract: A formation and rotation apparatus for use in forming and rotating interconnected sections of a cylindrical workpiece, including a frame and a head arranged within the frame, the head defining two slots and being operatively rotated via an integral drive assembly. A first slide block is slidably disposed within one of the two slots, and a second slide block is disposed within another of the two slots, each of the first and the second slide blocks include a cutting wheel and a beading wheel for successively forming each of the interconnected sections. An armature having an axis of rotation is also provided, along with a gripping mechanism being operatively connected to the armature. A drive mechanism selectively rotates the armature about the axis of rotation after the gripping means has closed about one of the interconnected sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to enhanced heat transfer surfaces and methods and tools for making enhanced heat transfer surface. Certain embodiments include a boiling surface that include a plurality of primary grooves, protrusions and secondary grooves to form boiling cavities. The boiling surface may be formed by using a tool for cutting the inner surface of a tube. The tool has a tool axis and at least one tip with a cutting edge and a lifting edge. Methods for making a boiling surface are also disclosed, including cutting through the inner surface of a tube to form primary grooves, then cutting and lifting the inner surface to form protrusions and secondary grooves.

Abstract: Spot welding electrodes with generally dome shaped welding faces are provided with surface features for welding both aluminum alloy sheet assemblies and steel sheet assemblies. A raised circular plateau is formed on the central axis of the dome and, in one embodiment, a suitable number of round bumps are formed in concentric spacing from adjacent the circumference of the plateau toward the circular edge of the welding face. For welding steel workpieces the plateau mainly serves as the engaging feature of the electrode. Both the plateau and concentric bumps are used in penetrating light metal surfaces for suitable current passage. In another embodiment, the domed surface is shaped with concentric terraces for engagement with the workpieces.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus (100) for forming circumferential grooves (14) in the exterior surface of a linear member (10), such as a tube. The grooves are formed by rotating a cylindrical cutting element (120) around the tube such that cutting means in the cylindrical cutting element form the grooves. One rotation of the cylindrical cutting element causes multiple grooves to be formed in the surface of the tubes.

Abstract: An auto-scraping apparatus for a work piece of a hard rail has a tracking device, a driving device and a tool device. The tracking device has a connecting frame, a moving frame, a lifting frame and a tool frame. The moving frame is movably connected to the connecting frame. The lifting frame is movably connected to the moving frame. The tool frame is rotatably connected to the lifting frame. The driving device is connected to the tracking device and has two linear motion units and a rotating motion unit. One of the linear motion units drives the moving frame and the other linear motion unit drives the lifting frame. The rotating motion unit is mounted in the tool frame and has a rotating shaft. The tool device is detachably connected to the driving device and has a tool carrier and a relieving tool.

Abstract: A method of producing a ring member includes a cutting process in which a rectangular sheet is formed by cutting a strip-shaped material pulled out from a coiled material; a joining process in which opposite edges of the sheet are butted, and a cylindrical member is formed by joining the edges to each other; and a ring formation process in which a ring member is formed by cutting the cylindrical member in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the cylindrical member. In the cutting process, the strip-shaped material is i) cut along one of a first section line parallel to an edge of the strip-shaped material facing a direction in which the strip-shaped material is pulled, or a second section line perpendicular to the edge, and then ii) cut along the other of the first or second section line, that is perpendicular to the line previously cut.

Abstract: A tool adapted to form and method of forming a tapped hole within a workpiece in a single pass, includes a piercing section operable to punch a pilot hole in and produce a slug attached to the workpiece, and a tapping section operable to form a female thread along the periphery of the hole, and more preferably, an extruding section operable to push workpiece material away from the exterior surface defined thereby, an expanding section operable to expand the diameter of the hole, a sealing section operable to seal the hole during a hydroforming process, and a burnishing section operable to further expand and treat the periphery of the hole prior to tapping.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a two-part article from a cup (1) formed from a single sheet metal blank. The method includes forming a “V”-shaped groove (15) by pressing and rolling an anvil (25) on one side of the cup sidewall (3), against one or more cutting rings (21) on the opposite side of the sidewall. Generally, this stage is followed by a second stage, which cuts the cup (1) into a separate ring (11) and shallower cup (10). This second stage enables profiled edges (17, 18) such as slight bends or flares to be formed which are beneficial when flanging or curling of the edges is subsequently required.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and systems for attaching components to strips of material to form assemblies, e.g., a system for fastening pre-sharpened razor blades to individual support strips on a continuous band of material, such as a metal, to form discrete blade assemblies.

Abstract: A formation and rotation apparatus for use in forming and rotating interconnected sections of a cylindrical workpiece, including a frame and a head arranged within the frame, the head defining two slots and being operatively rotated via an integral drive assembly. A first slide block is slidably disposed within one of the two slots, and a second slide block is disposed within another of the two slots, each of the first and the second slide blocks include a cutting wheel and a beading wheel for successively forming each of the interconnected sections. An armature having an axis of rotation is also provided, along with a gripping mechanism being operatively connected to the armature. A drive mechanism selectively rotates the armature about the axis of rotation after the gripping means has closed about one of the interconnected sections.

Abstract: A method of forming a flange on a circular metal blank (1) has the following steps: By means of at least one pressure roller (3), a hub-type and/or conical structure is formed on the circular metal blank, and from the conical structure (4), a flange (7) is formed on the circular metal blank (1) by means of a subsequent treatment.

Abstract: A method for making a differential housing having a ring gear integrally formed therein includes the steps of providing a differential housing having an annular rim integrally preformed therein; supporting the differential housing between upper and lower halves of a rotatable holding tool such that the annular rim extends radially outwardly from the holding tool for movement therewith; providing a thickening tool having a tool surface engagable with the annular rim during rotation of the holding tool to form a thickened lip; and providing a gear forming tool engagable with the thickened lip during rotation of the holding tool, whereby a plurality of teeth are formed along the lip to form the ring gear.

Abstract: A thread forming device 10a is provided with a thread forming tool 32 for forming a thread portion 14 at a frame 12, a first motor 38 for controlling to rotate the thread forming tool 32, and a second motor 40 for controlling to extract and retract the thread forming tool 32. Further, the thread forming tool 32 is provided with a pilot hole forming portion 86 provided with a spiral groove 80b at a front end portion 80 in a taper shape, and a thread forming portion 84 constituted continuously to the pilot hole forming portion 86 and provided with a spiral groove 84b.

Abstract: Tubing reaming apparatus comprises a housing adapted to be mounted to tubing to be reamed. The housing provides mounting for a reamer shaft adapted to mount a cutter within the tubing. The housing also provides mounting for a drive arrangement. A gear arrangement is provided between the drive arrangement and the reamer shaft. The housing may comprise a clamping arrangement adapted to reduce residual bend and ovality of the tubing.

Abstract: A tool forms a threaded hole in a hydroformed part while the part remains in a hydroforming die cavity and under pressure. The tool has a hole-piercing end portion adapted on advancement of the tool to pierce and form a hole in the part and an extruding portion adapted on continued tool advancement to extrude an annular extrusion that extends into the tube interior. An adjacent sealing portion of the tool seals the hole during the ongoing advancement and extrusion of the annular extrusion so that hydroforming fluid remains under pressure. A thread-forming portion of the tool forms an internal thread within the annular extrusion upon the continued advancement and rotation of the tool.

Abstract: An improved tool and method for enhancing the surface of a heat transfer tube are provided. The tool, which can be easily added to existing manufacturing equipment, includes cutting bits that may be retracted with a housing. The cutting bits include a cutting edge to cut through the surface of a tube and a lifting edge to lift the surface of the tube to form protrusions. A method for enhancing the inner surface of the tube includes mounting a tool on a shaft, positioning the tool in the tube and causing relative rotation and axial movement between the tube and the tool to cut at least partially through at least one ridge formed along the surface of the tube to form ridge layers and lift the ridge layers to form protrusions.

Abstract: An article for texturing an electrode having a tip hardness and a tip contour is disclosed. The article includes a plate having an upper surface and a lower surface, and an indentation in at least one of the upper and the lower surface. The indentation includes a textured surface having a plurality of asperities. The textured surface has a hardness greater than the tip hardness of the electrode. The texture of the textured surface is imprinted into the tip of the electrode in response to the tip of the electrode and the textured surface being pressed against each other.

Abstract: A pre-beading apparatus for fashioning a cylindrical includes a housing have a work surface and an aperture formed in the work surface, where the aperture is capable of accommodating the cylindrical workpiece. A rotatable head assembly is concentrically aligned with the aperture, and includes a bead wheel and a cut wheel disposed on opposing distal ends of the rotatable head assembly. A gripper assembly is disposed within the housing and includes a securing means that extends into the cylindrical workpiece and permits selective movement of the cylindrical workpiece in an axial direction.

Abstract: A device (1) for socket-deforming an end of a tube, for example a tube of a heat exchanger, and for cutting that tube to a desired length, the cutting taking place at the end to be deformed. The The device (1) comprises a deformation and cutting member (5) to be inserted into the tube to be worked, the member (5) comprising deforming means (15) arranged to at least locally modify the inner diameter of the deformation and cutting member (5) by varying its perimetral dimensions, said deforming means (15) being arranged to cooperate, for effecting said dimensional variation, with actuator means (40) with a movable support (12), the deforming elements carrying cutting elements (31) for separating an end tube portion by acting from the inside of the tube without chip removal, in order to obtain a deformed tube of the required length.

Abstract: A hydrotapping power unit is disclosed that is operable to hold a hydrotapping tool in a home position adjacent a part while the latter is being hydroformed in a die cavity, to then advance the tool to pierce a hole in the hydroformed part while the part remains in the die cavity and under pressure and then continue to advance the tool to inwardly extrude the part about the hole, to then further advance while also rotating the tool at a feed rate equal to the thread pitch of the tool to thereby form a thread in the pierced hole, and finally retract while also rotating the tool but in the reverse direction and at the same feed rate to release the tool from the threaded hole.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for knurling a workpiece in which the knurl pattern includes grooves of at least two different configurations. The apparatus includes a knurl wheel holder that allows angular rotation of the knurl wheel about the holder longitudinal axis while maintaining the knurl wheel point of contact on the longitudinal axis. The apparatus also includes a knurling wheel that includes teeth of at least two different configurations. Also disclosed is a method of molding a molded article with the knurled workpiece to impart the inverse of the knurl pattern onto the molded article, such a molded article, a method of forming a structured abrasive article with the molded article, and such an abrasive article.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust device. The device includes a conduit element through which exhaust gases flow. The conduit element includes a housing for mounting a measurement sensor such as an oxygen probe. The housing is formed by a hole extended by an insert produced directly through the conduit element.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a formed body having a concentric hub. The concentric hub is formed from a round blank, with a rotating tool plate on which the round blank lies, a work roller and a follower roller capable of being infed axially and/or radially for shaping of the hub about a concentrically arranged mandrel. The work roller has a pressure surface on its side facing toward the mandrel, against which pressure surface material of the round blank is removed in flow-forming abuts. The pressure surface is inclined outwardly relative to the central axis of the mandrel.

Abstract: A device (1) for socket-deforming an end of a tube, for example a tube of a heat exchanger, and for cutting that tube to a desired length, said cutting taking place at the end to be deformed. The device (1) comprises a deformation and cutting member (5) to be inserted into the tube to be worked, said member (5) comprising deforming means (15) arranged to at least locally modify the inner diameter of the deformation and cutting member (5) by varying its perimetral dimensions, said deforming means (15) being arranged to cooperate, for effecting said dimensional variation, with actuator means (40) associated with a movable support (12), the deforming means carrying cutting means (31) for separating an end tube portion by acting from the inside of the tube without chip removal, in order to obtain a deformed tube of the required length.

Abstract: A method for the non-cutting production of a hub with a stepped hole, the method steps comprising: providing a metal round blank having a throughhole; providing a patch block in the throughhole and having a portion of the patch block spaced at a distance from the metal round blank so as to create a stepped area displaced from a plane of the top surface of the metal round blank; and, cold-forming the hub by use of at least one pressure roller with the at least one pressure roller fed radially towards the throughhole, wherein material from the metal round blank flows into the stepped area between the metal round blank and a portion of the patch block, thereby forming a stepped hole comprising a material web at an inner circumference of the hub. A hub with a stepped hole, produced from a metal round blank by a compression method.

Abstract: A method of forming an integral tubular projection in a disk-shaped work by spinning is provided. In the method, h=0.1 to 0.5t, d=0.25 to 0.94D, T=0.5 to 7h, and V=0.029 to 0.234&pgr;D2h where h is a depth by which a forming roller cuts into the work, t is a thickness of the work, d is an outer diameter of the tubular projection, D is a diameter of a circle including a point where the spinning by the forming roller starts, T is a thickness of a wall of the tubular projection, and V is a volume of the tubular projection. A product produced by the above method is also provided.

Abstract: A parting tool for continuous chipless separation of identical parts from a rotation-symmetric workpiece, includes a cutting roller having a main body advancing a workpiece in a transport direction from an entry side to an exit side. The main body has a slip bevel at the entry side and a cutting screw including a screw thread having coils which define a helix line and are configured with an increase in height. The screw thread includes in series an entry portion, a substantially cylindrical primary portion and a separating portion, whereby the coils in the entry portion, primary portion and separating portion having different slope angle, with the slope angle determined by a combination of a thickness of the screw thread and a root width between two neighboring coils of the screw thread, wherein the increase in height of the coils correlates to the helix line.

Abstract: A method for forming a hub having blind bore with an elevated blind bore face is provided. The blind bore face is elevated relative to the upper surface of an annular disc from which the hub is integrally formed, by first displacing metal radially inward from the upper surface toward the center of the disc to form an elevated surface with a hole therethrough, and second displacing metal radially inward, again from the upper surface toward the center of the disk, to form a hub which incorporates a blind bore having an elevated surface. A blind bore hub formed by the foregoing method is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for working a workpiece held between a counterholder and a guide by a clamping force by forming a profile, e.g. precision toothing, in a surface of the workpiece by means of a forming element, the forming element being guided toward the surface of the workpiece at an acute angle (w) to the clamping force or with a rotary/thrust movement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a slotting method in which, during production of a metal sheet V-pulley or the like, slitting can be correctly easily performed at an arbitrary position in the thickness direction of an outer peripheral face of a blank. A blank housing recess (5) a depth of which is smaller than the thickness of a disk-like metal blank (1) is formed in an upper face of a lower rotary die (4) on which the blank (1) is to be placed, and a roller die guiding face (6) which is lower in level than an upper face of the blank (1) in the blank housing recess (5) is horizontally formed in an outer periphery of the blank housing recess (5).

Abstract: A punch having wings is driven through framing members and then rotated. Rotation of the punch causes the wings to crimp the framing members together. An angular crimping technique where piercing members are driven through framing members in at least two different directions to crimp the framing members together. A fastenerless cinching tool pierces adjacent framing members and crimps the framing members together.

Abstract: A gear part and method is provided for forming a gear part, in which a circular blank-like workpiece is fixed in a flow-forming machine in a radially inner area, the circular blank-like workpiece is rotated, at least one roller is substantially radially moved, in which during the radial moving in workpiece material flows radially, so that the workpiece wall thickness is reduced in this area, in a central area of the workpiece a boss is formed and during radial moving in the roller is increasingly axially infed. The method also relates to forming a gear part in which the circular blank edge is thickened by at least one forming roller, the shaping of the circular blank edge taking place through the contour of gripping jaws and/or the forming roller and the cross-section of the circular blank edge is formed in an approximately rectangular manner.

Abstract: In the present invention, a thin and disc-shaped blank made of steel plate is used. The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a sheet metal member comprising a circular base plate, and an annular projection bulged from at least one surface of the base plate so as to be concentric therewith, which can be easily and cheaply produced without loss of material, by only a few steps. A blank having an outer peripheral portion which has been thickened by a former step, is rotated while it is held between an upper and lower dies. At the same time, an edge angle portion of an outer peripheral surface of a drawing roller is pressed against one surface of the thickened outer peripheral portion which extrudes outwardly from the upper die of the blank, and the drawing roller is rotated, while it is moved in the direction of the center of the blank, and the thickened outer peripheral portion is drawn so as to make it think, thereby bulging the annular projection axially.

Abstract: A method for flow-forming a part having an inner collar and an outer collar surrounding the inner collar, including clamping a workpiece having a radial section to a spinning tool in a flow-forming machine, splitting a first material off the radial section while rotating the workpiece by radially infeeding at least one spinning roller having a separating edge to form and shape the inner collar against the spinning tool, axially engaging a sliding sleeve displaceably mounted on the spinning tool over the inner collar, splitting a second material off the radial section by radially infeeding the at least one spinning roller while rotating the workpiece, and pressing the second material against the sliding sleeve to form and shape the outer collar.

Abstract: A method for forming a hub having blind bore is provided. The blind bore hub is formed integrally with a solid circular disc by displacing metal radially inward from the upper surface toward the center of the disc to form a hub, and then punching a bore opening through the center of the hub to provide a blind bore therein. A blind bore hub formed by the foregoing method is also provided.

Abstract: An automated collar-forming drill mechanism, having the bottom end of its rotatable drive shaft (1) fitted with a tool head (2), which is driven axially back and forth by means of a piston-cylinder assembly (5-9), the drive shaft (1) extending through its piston rod (9). The axially directed operations of the tool head (2) are effected by means of a pneumatic part of the piston-cylinder assembly and a limitation to the speed of working operations is effected by means of a hydraulic part of the piston-cylinder assembly. The operating speeds upwards and downwards, as well as the reversing points for operating speeds and direction, are adjustable.

Abstract: The invention provides a machine and methods for automated manufacture of tapered adjustable ducts, and particularly tapered adjustable take offs. A tube of material is cut into gores of predetermined configuration, coupling beads are formed in the gores and the gores are adjustably interconnected to one another to form the finished take off duct in an automated fashion. The apparatus for forming an adjustable duct member may include a housing including at least one work station formed therein. A die associated with the work station is selectively positioned at a predetermined location relative to a work piece positioned in association with the work station. A cutting and forming assembly associated with the work station cooperates with the die to selectively cut the work piece to form first and second members and to form a coupling bead in the first and second members which cooperate to reconnect the first and second members together at a predetermined angle.

Abstract: A sprocket includes a body, and teeth formed on the peripheral edge of the body. The teeth have a thickness greater than that of the body. This design enables the use of the existing chain and brings about a reduction in the weight of the overall sprocket.

Abstract: A method for forming a hub having blind bore with an elevated blind bore face is provided. The blind bore face is elevated relative to the upper surface of an annular disc from which the hub is integrally formed, by first displacing metal radially inward from the upper surface toward the center of the disc to form an elevated surface with a hole therethrough, and second displacing metal radially inward, again from the upper surface toward the center of the disk, to form a hub which incorporates a blind bore having an elevated surface. A blind bore hub formed by the foregoing method is also provided.

Abstract: A method for forming a hub having blind bore is provided. The blind bore hub is formed integrally with a solid circular disc by displacing metal radially inward from the upper surface toward the center of the disc to form a hub, and then punching a bore opening through the center of the hub to provide a blind bore therein. A blind bore hub formed by the foregoing method is also provided.