Abstract: A method for improving the contour of rolled material over at least one segment of a rolling schedule including a plurality of rolling processes. The method includes associating at least one quality criterion with at least one rolling stand of at least one of the plurality of rolling processes, optimizing the at least one quality criterion using a mathematical formula, predetermining at least one work roll shift for the plurality of rolling processes over the at least one segment of the rolling schedule based on an optimization of the at least one quality criterion, and axially shifting at least one work roll of the at least one rolling stand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming a hub disk, in which a circular blank-like workpiece is placed in a flow-forming machine and fixed with at least one overarm support, an area of the outer contour of the overarm support corresponding to an area of the inner contour of a hub to be formed, the circular blank-like workpiece is rotated, at least one roller is infed and substantially radially moved in, a material flow taking place on the workpiece, and the radial moving in of the roller is ended when the distance between an area of the outer profile of the roller and the overarm support corresponds to the desired thickness of the hub wall and during the infeeding of the roller the workpiece is initially contacted by a cutting or separating edge of the roller and the material flow along the roller and therefore the axial length of the hub is limited by the roller geometry.

Abstract: The invention provides a machine and methods for automated manufacture of tapered adjustable ducts, and particularly tapered adjustable take offs. A tube of material is cut into gores of predetermined configuration, coupling beads are formed in the gores and the gores are adjustably interconnected to one another to form the finished take off duct in an automated fashion. The apparatus for forming an adjustable duct member may include a housing including at least one work station formed therein. A die associated with the work station is selectively positioned at a predetermined location relative to a work piece positioned in association with the work station. A cutting and forming assembly associated with the work station cooperates with the die to selectively cut the work piece to form first and second members and to form a coupling bead in the first and second members which cooperate to reconnect the first and second members together at a predetermined angle.

Abstract: An automatic roll bending machine for bending metal sheets, sections and the like. The machine includes two or more bending rolls and a driver for causing rotation and/or changing the working positions of the rolls. The driver is operatively connected to an electronic control device that includes a programmable process unit provided with a movable digital control board which can be manually operated by an operator for remotely controlling in a selective manner the movements of each roll and for performing automatic execution of a bending cycle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a sheet metal pulley for a V belt without cutting which may impair the environment of a factory. A sheet metal pulley for a V belt which is obtained by the production method of the present invention has plural valley portions around which V belts are to be wound. In the production method, an annular first valley portion which is opened in a V-like shape is formed by slitting a root portion of a cylindrical portion of a sheet metal cylindrical member and an outer periphery of a base plate portion continuous to the root portion.

Abstract: A method for making a hub/pulley by spin forming from a disc including forming an annular collar extending radially inward of the hub and defining a blind bore of the hub.

Abstract: In a process for presetting the adjusting-member positions of a roll stand upon the rolling of a new coil or for the next pass in each case during cold rolling of bands, adjusting-member positions for the band flatness are used that are based on the corresponding actual data of the first pass of a reference coil, whose reference data results in the best correspondence with the target data of the new coil, or on the actual data of the preceding pass. At the same time, the band thickness can be preset by the specification of a rolling force or adjustment position adapted over a certain time period from the actual data of reference conditions of the roll stand or the rolling mill train.

Abstract: A machine has upper and lower die members which clamp a disk blank between them and maintain the disk blank axially on a machine vertical axis and planarly on a machine horizontal axis. The die members and disk blank are rotated via a main motor which drives one of the die members through a spur-ring gear configuration or directly along the machine vertical axis. Splitting and swaging tools are positioned to move along the machine horizontal axis to form the disk blank outer peripheral edge into a pulley groove while a splitting-swaging tool carried within a chamber formed by the die members splits and swages a disk blank bore to form upper and lower bearing retaining flanges. Various means for moving the splitting-swaging tool off of the machine vertical axis to a parallel axis are disclosed as well as various means for exact positioning of the disk blank axially on the machine vertical axis.

Abstract: A tool and method for roll-forming a seat and retainer with a shoulder and seal surface capable of operatively engaging a ferrule to form a fluid-tight seal around the outer surface of a rigid tube which is harder than the ferrule.

Abstract: A branch pipe is formed on a metal tube using a forming tool including a milling part and a burring part adjacent the milling part. The milling part has a first diameter and is provided with a prescribed cutting edge on its outer peripheral surface. The burring part has a sloping surface with a maximum second diameter larger than the first diameter, and has a slope diameter that gradually diminishes in a direction away from the milling part. The branch pipe forming tool can be used for forming a branch pipe on a metal tube regardless of the shape of the metal tube.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of a gear part with a bottom area and a circumferential area, which has two portions. One portion extends to one side of the bottom area, while the other portion extends to the opposite side of the bottom area. On one portion is formed an inner profiling and on the other portion an outer profiling. According to a first method, on a cup-shaped preform a web is formed by splitting or flow-forming and extends in the opposite direction to the cup wall. In the thus formed web and in the cup wall are subsequently made the desired profilings. In a second method, an arcuate curl is produced and is subsquently flow-formed to the portions with the profilings.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for producing a hollow ring groove insert for an engine piston, which is inserted by casting near the top of a piston for an engine to constitute a ring groove and a cooling path adjacent to the ring groove. The hollow ring groove insert comprises a formed sheet ring and a ring body having an inner peripheral surface and a piston ring groove.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a metal blank into a formed body, including a die device including a first and a second die each of which is rotatable about a first axis line, a first roller which is rotatable about a second axis line parallel to the first axis line and which is movable toward, and away from, the die device, the first roller having a tapered outer surface which defines at one end thereof a taper angle of from 60.degree. to 80.degree.

Abstract: An apparatus for operating a multiple-stand mill train is described which significantly reduces the expense and time for designing, testing and the start-up, including the optimization phase, and for restarting the roll operation of the mill train and which makes it possible to safely train the operators during operation and to extend the functionality of the mill train without creating damage. For this purpose, the entire mill train is simulated by a single physical simulation model (2) in a structured approach based on the technological interrelationship between the individual stands. The simulation model (2) is connected to a central control apparatus (1), wherein the apparatus alone provides the entire control of the mill train and optionally controls individual functions within each of the stands or of individual stands either via actuating members of the mill train or in corresponding units of the simulator model (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a vehicle wheel with a wheel body and a rim having at least one undercut. In order to provide a simple, inexpensive method for the manufacture of a weight-reduced vehicle wheel, according to the invention the construction of an undercut in the rim area is integrated into the manufacture thereof by a spinning process. A cast preform having a clearly defined construction, is fixed in a spinning machine where initial preshaping takes place, a rim bed with an inside rim horn is formed and then by splitting and forming a rectangular flange cast radially onto the wheel body, the undercut and an outside rim horn are constructed. Following a heat treatment, machining is carried out for the final rim construction.

Abstract: A spinning roller for splitting rotationally symmetrical workpieces on a spinning machine is provided. The spinning roller is formed as a double splitting roller having two splitting edges arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction of the spinning roller. A groove is provided between the two splitting edges. The groove is laterally bounded by a flank of the two splitting edges. To form specifically-shaped workpieces, the spinning roller can be alternatively formed of selected component parts including a first splitting edge, a second splitting edge and a spacer located between the two splitting edges.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the roll gap in strip rolling mills including a roll stand equipped with hydraulic adjusting devices on the drive side as well as on the operator side, wherein the positions of the rolls in a roll stand are adjustable by means of the hydraulic adjusting devices. Prior to the beginning of rolling, the stand is calibrated in a reproducible state. For any changes of the stand geometry and/or the force proportions in the stand, position changes of the adjusting devices corresponding to and resulting from these changes are determined. Changes in the stand geometry and/or the force proportions adjusted or occurring during the rolling operation are regulated by utilizing the difference between the determined corresponding adjusting positions on the drive side and the operator side and by controlling the adjustment toward zero.

Abstract: Apparatus (100) and method are provided for forming an eye at the end of a heated leaf spring blank (2). Apparatus (100) includes a forming plate (16) operative to move angularly downwardly against a cantilevered portion (10) of blank (2) and roll it about a retractable rotary eye pin (5) to form the eye. Apparatus (100) includes neutralizing the force created by forming plate (16) against blank (2) during the rolling operation and further preferably includes a scarf blade (14) operative to move angularly to scarf or shape the end of portion (10) prior to the rolling operation.

Abstract: A friction boring process creates a corrosion resistant fine grain microstructure in the wall surfaces of holes bored in aluminum alloy materials. A rotating tool is inserted directly into the aluminum material, or into a pre-drilled pilot hole, at a sufficient rotational velocity and feed rate to cause working that extends beyond the diameter of the tool, frictional heating, and extraction of aluminum material by metal deformation rather than cutting action as with a conventional drill bit. Burring, smoothing, and otherwise removing aluminum material extracted from the hole may be performed by a finishing segment that limits insertion depth of the tool. Frictional heating generates a temperature sufficient for rapid recrystallization of the remaining worked metal to form a fine grain microstructure to a depth of about 2.5 mm in the hole surfaces. Corrosion protection is retained even if some fine grain material is removed during a subsequent reaming operation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a work-piece which is rotationally symmetrical about an axis is provided wherein the work-piece has a spindle and at least one hollow member connected with the spindle by a hub part extending in radial direction. The method includes the steps of producing a work-piece blank having the rotationally symmetrical spindle and an integral, rotationally symmetrical, radially outwardly extending circumferential flange; mechanically processing the work-piece blank by at least one of boring, turning, milling, pressing, and grinding; and rolling a radially outer part of the flange to form the hollow member and leaving a remainder of the flange unchanged to form the hub. A roller is also provided for radially splitting the flange into three wings. The roller has two axially spaced splitting edges separated by a groove which has a rectangular cross-section.

Abstract: An eyewinder system 10 has stations 100-108 for straightening, bending, measuring and transporting a wire 11 to form an eyewire 109. A controller 120 controls each station. Using information from tension and length measuring stations 104, 105, the controller 120 can accurately operate the second bending station 107. The eyewire 109 is inspected for accurate bends by an inspection system 140 that compares the bends in the eyewire 109 to predetermined radii of curvature. A base curve bending station 801 has a shuttle 810 and a turntable 830. A wire 820 passing through the shuttle 810 is bent and the head of the wire is held in one direction while the turntable allows the body of the wire to move in a plane transverse to the axis of rotation of the turntable.

Abstract: A valve seat retainer is formed having a flange that extends over the valve seat and that applies both a radial and a longitudinal force to the valve seat. The flange extends an order of magnitude further than typical prior art valve seat retaining flanges. The flange is created by a rolling method with a roller having a unique surface profile. The roller surface has a pair of spaced ridges with a groove in between, and a curved convex surface adjacent to one of the ridges. When a downward force is applied to the roller, the curved surface on the roller causes the roller to move radially inward while at the same time material from the upper surface of the engine block is disposed in the groove and is moved to create the flange.

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneously cutting and notching a pipe includes an upper knife assembly having a pipe cutting knife and notch cutting knives with cutting edges adjacent a surface of the pipe and a lower knife assembly having a pipe cutting knife and notch cutting knives with cutting edges adjacent an opposite surface of the pipe. A method for cutting and notching a pipe includes stopping the axial and rotational movement of a pipe and moving the lower knife assembly into an overlapping relation with the upper knife assembly. The notch cutting knives are also moved into a cutting position and the axial and rotational pipe movement is resumed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for perforating corrugated plastic pipe from the inside of the pipe to the outside and the pipe produced by the method. The apparatus has a perforating device attached to an elongated support member. Perforations are created by advancing pipe over the perforating device or by advancing the perforating device into the interior of the pipe. Where the pipe is advanced over the perforating device, a carriage, holding the pipe, is riding on a track which guides the pipe into engagement or into cutting or perforating proximity with the perforating device. The perforating device includes a housing holding motors with cutters attached to them. The cutters cut the inner corrugations or the valleys of the pipe as the pipe is passed over the perforating device. Pipe is perforated by advancing it over a perforating device, and curing the pipe from the inner pipe surface to the outer pipe surface.

Abstract: A process of making wheels in which a pair of rams press an initial mass of material for shaping a central disc part. A portion of the material is extruded out from between the interface of the rams. A roller unit having several rollers simultaneously forms rim parts by pressing the extruded material into desired shapes as it passes beyond the periphery of the rams.

Abstract: A machine combines metal rod chamfering and stamping operations into a single machining operation. Cutting the chamfer on the end of the rod is accomplished by a rotating cutting tool affixed to a chuck which rotates with a spindle about an axis co-linear with the axis of the workpiece. Both the chuck and the spindle contain a hollow bore along their rotational axes. This bore holds a stamping rod which is free to move axially within the spindle. A stamping impact unit is located at the opposite end of the spindle which acts upon the opposite end of the stamping rod. At the desired moment within the chamfering operation, the stamping rod is hammered into the end face of the workpiece by the impact unit. The imprint end of the stamping rod functions as a mechanical stop to locate the depth the workpiece is inserted into a clamping collet.

Abstract: For a torsional vibration damper, whose working chamber, formed by an inner shell (17), an outer shell (19), a rear wall (15) and a cover (13) is provided to receive a seismic ring and viscous damping liquid (1), the housing body (1) bearing the working chamber is made by a metal forming process in a spinning lathe, starting from a round steel blank (17), which is clamped between mandrel bodies within the spinning lathe, and is split into two blank sections (31, 33) which receive the contour of the cylindrical inner and outer shell (17, 19) defining the working chamber (5) of the damper by subsequent forming.

Abstract: The invention finds application in the field of cutting tools, in particular for the cutting of disc-shaped metal sheets. More precisely, the invention relates to a disk-shaped tool (1) equipped with a knife with a circular cutting edge (4), having laterally two curved flanks (3). The knife (4) inserts itself into the width of a disc-shaped metal sheet (2), partially separating it into two sheets (5).

Abstract: A machine combines metal rod chamfering and stamping operations into a single machining operation. Cutting the chamfer on the end of the rod is accomplished by a rotating cutting tool affixed to a chuck which rotates with a spindle about an axis co-linear with the axis of the workpiece. Both the chuck and the spindle contain a hollow bore along their rotational axes. This bore holds a stamping rod which is free to move axially within the spindle. A stamping impact unit is located at the opposite end of the spindle which acts upon the opposite end of the stamping rod. At the desired moment within the chamfering operation, the stamping rod is hammered into the end face of the workpiece by the impact unit. The imprint end of the stamping rod functions as a mechanical stop to locate the depth the workpiece is inserted into a clamping collet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming a power transmission member from a thin-walled blank, the apparatus including a pair of dies (84) having opposed work surfaces, and a mandrel (50) positioned between the work surfaces of the dies (84) for receiving a blank (52) to be formed and rotated upon movement of the work surfaces of the dies in opposite directions during a forming operation. The mandrel (50) includes a work surface for cooperating with the work surface of the dies (84). Notch forming projections (70) on the work surfaces of the dies (84) cooperate with the work surfaces of the mandrel (50) for roll punching notches (72) through the blank (52) as the blank (52) is rotated between the moving dies (84).

Abstract: The method of controlling a velocity dependent factor of strip material being processed in a mill includes the steps of simultaneously determining the apparent velocity of material prior to, between and subsequent to spaced apart work rolls. Input slip is determined by comparing the apparent input velocity with the apparent work roll velocity, and output slip is determined by comparing the apparent output velocity with the apparent work roll velocity. A velocity dependent factor is calculated in response to a comparison of input slip and output slip. The calculated factor is compared with a previously calculated factor and a derived factor is calculated when the calculated factor exceeds the previously calculated factor by more than the selected amount and an adaptive factor used to calculate the derived factor is calculated when the calculated factor does not exceed the previously calculated factor by the selected amount.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming a power transmission member from a thin-walled blank, the apparatus including a pair of dies (84) having opposed work surfaces, and a mandrel (50) positioned between the work surfaces of the dies (84) for receiving a blank (52) to be formed and rotated upon movement of the work surfaces of the dies in opposite directions during a forming operation. The mandrel (50) includes a work surface for cooperating with the work surface of the dies (84). Notch forming projections (70) on the work surfaces of the dies (84) cooperate with the work surfaces of the mandrel (50) for roll punching notches (72) through the blank (52) as the blank (52) is rotated between the moving dies (84).

Abstract: A prosthesis for implantation in bone is provided which comprises a metal body having an outer surface at least a portion of which includes:(a) a plurality of first recesses, each of the first recesses having a characteristic dimension of less than about 1.0 millimeter, the characteristic dimension being the minimum edge-to-edge distance across the recess at the outer surface of the prosthesis; and(b) a plurality of second recesses, each of the second recesses having a characteristic dimension less than the characteristic dimension of the first recesses.The first recesses are created in the outer surface before the second recesses. Prior to the formation of the second recesses, the first recesses are characterized by: (1) initial areas at the outer surface; (2) initial perimeters at the outer surface; and (3) initial included angles between the outer surface and the side walls of the recess.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming a power transmission member from a thin-walled blank, the apparatus including a pair of dies (84) having opposed work surfaces, and a mandrel (50) positioned between the work surfaces of the dies (84) for receiving a blank (52) to be formed and rotated upon movement of the work surfaces of the dies in opposite directions during a forming operation. The mandrel (50) includes a work surface for cooperating with the work surface of the dies (84). Notch forming projections (70) on the work surfaces of the dies (84) cooperate with the work surfaces of the mandrel (50) for roll punching notches (72) through the blank (52) as the blank (52) is rotated between the moving dies (84).

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing thin metal strip from a cylindrical metal workpiece includes rotatable workpiece support structure for concentrically mounting the workpiece, drive means for rotating the workpiece about its axis, holder means for supporting a cutting tool adjacent the peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece on the workpiece support structure, a cutting tool secured in the holder means, the cutting tool having a sharpened edge that is defined in part by a rake face that has a length of less than one millimeter, feed means for advancing the sharpened edge of the cutting tool transversely of the axis of the workpiece to peel a continuous thin metal strip from the workpiece, strip tensioning means for subjecting the strip to tension as it is peeled from said workpiece, and strip direction control means between the cutting tool and the strip tensioning means for varying the strip exit angle of the tensioned strip relative to the rake face of the cutting tool as the strip is being peeled from th

Abstract: A method for replacing an existing buried pipe of a crackable, fracturable material. By the application of a local intense pressure, the pipe is cracked and fractured into irregular fragments which are spread outwardly to provide space for a new replacement tubular assembly which is moved into the space as the pipe is fractured and the fragments spread. At least a portion of the outward spreading of the fragments occurs under the action of the intense local pressure. An apparatus used to carry out the method may be pushed and/or pulled through the existing main, and the pushing force may be applied by percussive action.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tool point as well as to a method and device for making a pipe joint flange in sheet material, like in the wall of a pipe. The tool point is provided with a hole-working bit member and a flanging surface is provided by the lower face of a recess thereabove or by the top surface of a chamfer. During the drilling of a hole, a certain axis of the hole-working means is brought to coincide with the axis of rotation of said tool point. When the hole working is finished, the tool point is shifted relative to the axis of rotation so as to move said axis of the hole-working means away from the axis of rotation, said flanging surface thus moving below the rim of a hole. When the tool point is then rotated in this radially displaced position while simultaneously pulling it out of the hole, the flanging surface pulls the hole rims upwards to form a flange. A single-component tool point is simple and sturdy and can, therefore, be used for flanging thick sheets.

Abstract: In order to stress relieve exposed portions of plastic welds, and thereby reduce susceptibility of such welds to solvent-induced crazing and cracking, the welded parts are formed with flanges extending outwardly therefrom. These flanges are at least partially joined during welding, their adjoining surfaces providing at least a portion of the welded joint. After welding, the flanges are compressed in a direction transverse to their adjoining welded surfaces, the compression being of sufficient magnitude to exceed the yield strength of the flanges, thereby relieving stresses in the exposed portion of the welds. The flanges may be sheared, as by a blade which provides both transverse compressive forces and compressive forces in the direction of the adjoining welded surfaces. The flanges may be sheared through, so as to enable the sheared off end to be removed, or the shearing may penetrate only through the weld zone, providing a notch, but leaving the flanges in place.

Abstract: A method for making integral fins on plane or curved heat transfer surfaces wherein a fin is obtained by making an inclined cut on the surface itself to provide a thin strip or layer of metal connected to the surface along one edge, raising said layer and bending it around said connecting edge to a substantially perpendicular relation with respect to said surface. For putting said method into practice a finning tool is provided wherein the cutting angle of its cutting edge increases from a nose, the length of cutting edge is greater than the one of the fin to be formed and the cutting edge itself is inclined so as to obtain a cutting line inclined with respect to the profile of the surface.

Abstract: A machine for creating louvers in piping or tubing which is supported from within and rotated about its longitudinal axis by a driving force. The louvers are created by a toothed die wheel and a cooperating anvil member which spirally perforates the wall of the tube or pipe.

Abstract: A rotary tool assembly and method for repairing dents in sheet metal features a self-drilling sheet metal screw held within a rotary chuck. A back plate is coupled for relative rotation and limited axial movement about an outer anchor portion of the chuck. A threaded ram secures the self-drilling sheet metal screw within the chuck. A coupling shaft portion of the ram is engaged by the chuck of a power drill. In operation, the self-drilling sheet metal screw of the rotary tool assembly is pressed against a dented portion of a sheet metal panel which is to be straightened. Rotation of the chuck causes an outer drill bit section of the self-drilling sheet metal screw to penetrate the sheet metal to form a drilled hole, back pressure is maintained, and the sheet metal is pulled outwardly. Drilling is continued until the sheet metal panel is pulled against the back plate which may be of various sizes and shapes.

Abstract: The ejector, penetrating the lower die of the wobble die forging machine, bears a punch vertically displaceable to the former, which interacts with a cutter arranged centrically and rigidly in the upper die to penetrate the workpiece and thrust the thereby resulting excess material into the cutter under the effect of a superimposed movement of stroke of the ejector piston, the movement of stroke of the piston bearing the lower die, and the wobble movement of the upper die. In this way, highly precise through bore in respect of diameter and rotation can be reached, whereby, in addition to this, a concentration of material can be achieved in the hitherto always soft core of the workpiece, which comes nearer to that in the formed edge regions of the workpiece, with which a wall of a hole of finest finish and very high strength results.

Abstract: Rings are made from tube stock (10) or bar stock by cold rolling successive end portions (78) of the latter between profile rolling elements (42, 44) of a plurality of rollers which also include parting tool elements (40) for making a parting groove, also by cold rolling. The parting groove is formed, by the parting tool elements while the profile rolling operation takes place during the latter part of the parting groove forming operation. With bar stock, a bore is made through the end portion of the stock, e.g. after the parting groove is formed, the latter having a depth just insufficient for final parting-off, which takes place during subsequent machining of the bore of the ring. A locating groove (76, 80) is also formed, by means of a grooving tool (74), simultaneously with the rolling operation.

Abstract: A rotary head for use in an apparatus for forming a stranded wire, the apparatus including an inner rotating body rotating about a predetermined axis, an outer rotating body surrounding the inner rotating body to define an annular space between the two bodies, which rotate about the same axis, and a guide member provided at a first end portion of the annular space to guide wire stock. The rotary head is located at a second end portion of the annular space, has cutters and rotates in a predetermined direction, and also has plural pairs of projections extending on the outer rotating body side of the annular space and the inner rotating body side thereof, with a predetermined gap therebetween, the cutters being provided in the vicinity of the gap.

Abstract: Thread rolling dies for pointed fasteners having an improved working face contour which promotes displacement of blank material from the blank point area at an early stage in the thread rolling sequence to avoid excessive pressures in the die and blank at the finishing stages of the rolling sequence. Thread cutters include an extended section that presurfaces the rise angle of the die working face to produce uniform, improved thread profiles.

Abstract: A cut-off style, roll thread flat die for use with a matched cut-off style, roll thread flat die to form a threaded, pointed fastener such as a gimlet point screw, the cut-off style, roll thread flat die having a top operating surface comprising body-threads, point threads, a slug traction ramp to provide controlled rotation for the cut-off slug and a slug extrusion taper to provide proper extrusion of the cut-off slug from the fastener, the slug traction ramp and the slug extrusion taper extending in side-by-side relation from a start location, past a transition location to a termination location, the slug traction ramp and the slug extrusion taper having a common edge and thereby being laterally continuous from the start location to the transition location, the slug extrusion taper forming an obtuse angle with the slug traction ramp from the start location to the transition location, the edge of the slug extrusion taper adjacent the slug traction ramp being substantially vertically spaced above the edge of

Abstract: An apparatus for trimming a scrap ring from a cylindrical container body and its method of operation. A cylindrical container body, closed at one end and provided with a flange member which extends substantially at right angles to the body at the opposite open end, has a scrap ring trimmed from the flange member. The container body is fed into one of a series of hemispherical pockets of a rotary turret and is then moved laterally thereto with the aid of a vacuum holder that engages the closed end. The open end of a container is presented to a main disk cutter that rotates about its axis continuously and which travels in alignment with one of the hemispherical pockets. A frusto-conical ram is mounted on the main disk cutter and is inserted into the open end of the container to insure its roundness. An auxiliary disk cutter, whose axis is substantially at right angles to the main disk cutter, is mounted on a reciprocable bar member along with a stripper plate.

Abstract: In a method of forming a branch connection in a fluid carrying pipe (3) by attaching to the pipe (3) a saddle unit (1) incorporating a cutting member (11) capable of being operated to cut a hole in the pipe wall, the cut is effected so that it extends only partly around the circumference of a circle so as to form a tongue (18), and the tongue is bent into the pipe while remaining connected to the adjoining part of the pipe wall.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a vehicle wheel from light metal with an asymmetric rim base, which is made from a plate or disk by rolling, pressing, cutting and aperture-forming steps. In order for the wheel to be formed in a simple manner without costly manufacturing steps, the edge of the disk or plate is angularly bent, according to the method of the present invention, prior to splitting and the subsequent forming of the rim base. This is necessary in order for the rim base to be formed with different lengths of legs having the same thickness.

Abstract: Machine permitting a deep slitting in a periphery of non planar discs for obtaining wheels carrying a pneumatic tire, wherein the disc to be slit is driven in rotation on a floating support, that is a support which automatically compensates for flatness irregularities while slitting knurling means are mounted on a driving device which is rigidly supported on a fixed frame.