Abstract: A cloth evaluation apparatus can grasp the piercing property and the cutting property with a cloth in advance. The cloth evaluation apparatus includes a measuring member having, on its distal side, a measuring part to pass through a cloth; a cloth/measuring part moving means for moving the cloth or the measuring member so that the measuring part passes through the cloth; a cloth supporting means for supporting the cloth at around a passing-through point, in the cloth, of the measuring part from both sides of the cloth when the measuring part passes through the cloth; and a load detecting means for detecting a load being applied to the measuring member while the measuring part passes through the cloth.

Abstract: A cloth evaluation apparatus can grasp the piercing property and the cutting property with a cloth in advance. The cloth evaluation apparatus includes a measuring member having, on its distal side, a measuring part to pass through a cloth; a cloth/measuring part moving means for moving the cloth or the measuring member so that the measuring part passes through the cloth; a cloth supporting means for supporting the cloth at around a passing-through point, in the cloth, of the measuring part from both sides of the cloth when the measuring part passes through the cloth; and a load detecting means for detecting a load being applied to the measuring member while the measuring part passes through the cloth.

Abstract: The invention relates to a proof testing method and a proof testing apparatus for optical fibre where a fibre (1) is guided to a first pulling device (2) and further to a second pulling device (3) and then onto a reel (11, 12), whereby the pulling devices subject the fibre to a desired amount of tensile strength, as a result of which the fibre breaks if the fibre (1) strength is insufficient. To achieve a continuous pulling and proof testing process, the fibre end is guided in the case of a fibre break between the first and the second pulling device (2, 3) by means of a first channel section (5), which guides the fibre to the second pulling device (3). After the second pulling device (3) the fibre end is guided into a second channel section (8) which is off the normal fibre track and along which the fibre (1) is guided into a scrap fibre processing system. At a desired moment the fibre (1) is guided from the second channel section (8) to the normal track, along which the fibre is guided onto a reel (11, 12).

Abstract: Displacement measuring means are fixed onto the structural element. A hole is drilled in the measurement zone and a supply pressure is applied to a flat actuator introduced into the hole. The displacements measured are analyzed as a function of the supply pressure to determine the stress from a supply pressure which roughly compensates for the deformation of the element due to the drilling of the hole. The measuring means comprise two arms that are fixed to the element at two respective anchoring points aligned parallel to a measuring direction, and at least two displacement sensors mounted on the arms on each side of the anchoring points to measure the variations in separation between the anchoring points. The arms leave between them a gap through which the hole is drilled at a central position with respect to the anchoring points.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring the cut resistance of flexible materials, such as films, fabrics, felts and papers. A flexible material is wrapped around a mandrel that is rotated at a predetermined speed. A cam attached to the rotating mandrel allows a cutting edge, such as a razor blade, to repeatedly fall on the material covering the mandrel. The cutting edge repeatedly contacts the material, in the same location and with the same predetermined force, until the cutting edge penetrates the material and makes electrical contact with the mandrel. When edge-to-mandrel contact is made, the rotation of the mandrel is automatically stopped. The number of rotations (i.e. cutting cycles) required to penetrate the material is noted and used as a measure of the relative cut resistance of the material.

Abstract: A sample of material is tested by rupture with an impact member, relative movement of the sample and member being maintained at a substantially constant velocity along a straight line before and after impact and being derived from angular movement of a cam driven by a flywheel. The apparatus is capable of automatic operation (including automatic result recording) with increased operator safety, gives results of good reproducibility, and is quieter in use than previously proposed apparatus.