Abstract: A conveyor is disclosed for labelling apparatus. The conveyor comprises a plurality of clamps and endless carrier for the clamps. Each clamp is urged to a closed position by a spring and is adapted to be held in an open position for receiving an unlabelled folder. Means closes each clamp to grip sheet material and hold it while it is being labelled for purposes of accurate receipt of applied labels. The body portion presents a base which supports clamped material. A moveable clamp jaw is secured to a member which is adapted to slide in and out of the body portion. The spring means is associated with the member to urge the clamp jaw towards the clamp base. The member has mounted thereon, remote from the jaw, a roller means adapted to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the member. A slider cam is laterally moveable in the body portion and is in contact with the roller. The slider cam has upper and lower cam segments to provide respectively open and closed positions for the clamp.

Abstract: This invention relates to internal combustion engines, the energy output of which is produced as hydraulic pressure, and in one embodiment comprises two, two-cycle internal combustion engines which face each other, the piston rods of each of which are axially aligned and are linked to both of the axially aligned drive pistons of two hydraulic pumps which also face each other by means of four connecting rods of equal length, the axis of the pump rods being at right angles to that of the engine rods, and associated hydraulic circuitry which includes means for selectively initiating the compression phase of the engines when their respective pistons have thrust outward toward each other to such an extent that the angle between the axis of each of said piston rods and its associated connecting rods has passed through a right angle and said rods would otherwise be retained in said extended position through force exerted on said connecting rods by the pistons of the hydraulic pumps.

Abstract: Conventional apparatus for assembling a track chain tend to impose undesireable bending moments and residual loads thereon. The apparatus (22) of this invention overcomes these problems by providing a pair of movable pressure heads (26,28) registering with first and second contact points (142,144) on opposite ends of a chain link (134) and a pressure equalizing plate (68) for sensing the resistance force at each contact point (142,144) to direct an increased pressure to a selected one of the contact points (142,144) in response to the differential between the resistance forces at the contact points (142,144).

Abstract: A fluid pressure actuated brake unit has a push rod (3) axially movable in a housing (1) and a piston (2) with a wedge element (7) axially movable substantially perpendicular thereto. A wedge surface (12) on the wedge element is arranged to transmit a force from the piston to the push rod via a working roller (8) on the push rod.In order to reduce the dimensions of the wedge element (7) and to give a smooth transition from the brake application stroke to the brake operation stroke the wedge surface (12) at its end remote from the piston (2) has an edge (13) intended for coaction with the working roller (8) during the brake application stroke.

Abstract: An adjustable turning ratio rotary positioning mechanism has rotary drive and driven members coupled by a flexible drive band, such as a sprocket chain, with oppositely movable runs between the members which are laterally displaceable during rotation of the drive member in such a way as to selectively provide the positioning mechanisms with different predetermined turning ratios, i.e., the turning angle(s) of the driven member(s) per unit turning angle of the drive member. A camera dolly steering mechanism embodying a rotary positioning mechanism according to the invention actuated by a single cam on the dolly steering shaft for selectively steering the dolly in round, crab, and conventional steering modes.

Abstract: An expansion element comprises a plurality of identical hook or spiral shaped members which are interleaved such that when one of the members is caused to move radially outward it cooperates with adjacent members to move them outward also. The outward movement may be initiated by a centrally located plug which may either rotate or move axially.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a mechanical motion control mechanism which in one form may comprise an input shaft drivingly connected to an output shaft in such a manner that continuous rotation of the input shaft produces varying rotational movement of the output shaft characterized by an initial dwell period, an acceleration period, a constant velocity period, a deceleration period and another dwell period. The input and output shafts may be drivingly connected by means of a gear secured to the input shaft which is in meshing engagement with a second gear supported at one end of a pivot arm, the other end of which is secured to the output shaft. Rotational and revolving movement of this second gear is controlled by the interaction of a plurality of cam followers engaging a cam surface so as to allow rotational, revolving, and various desired combinations of such movements in response to rotational movement of the first gear.

Abstract: A surgical stapler powered by a relatively low pressure gas supply contained in the stapler. The stapler has a mechanical linkage between the pneumatic actuator and the staple driver with a differential mechanical advantage to match the substantially constant force provided by the pneumatic actuator to the different forces required to first advance and then form the staple. This mechanical linkage allows use of a relatively small low pressure actuator and also substantially increases the efficiency with which the gas supply is utilized.

Abstract: An air conditioner of an automatic temperature adjusting type used particularly for controlling the air temperature within a passenger compartment of an automotive vehicle. According to the present invention, the air conditioner controls simultaneously the air flow rate of a fan providing the air supply, and an air mixing door which controls the flow of air through either a heater or a bypass around the heater. The control is such that over an intermediate portion of the adjustment range the fan and air mixing door are operated together whereas at end portions of the adjustment range the fan is adjusted without moving the air mixing door. This is achieved by use of a particularly convenient gear mechanism of novel design.

Abstract: A grain bin stirring apparatus with a horizontal support member for radially reciprocating down augers, said support member rotating in an arcuate path around the bin wherein the center-most reciprocating auger travels twice as far radially as the other augers through a cable and pulley arrangement. The down augers are caused to move radially by a pivoting link which transmits a programmed extent and speed of motion and the power source is geared to drive both the auger carriage units radially and the support member in an arcuate path.

Abstract: A proportional linear output system in which a second link mechanism consisting of a link and a slider is coupled to a portion of a link of a first link mechanism consisting of a link and a slider, so that the individual link mechanisms describe geometrically similar figures, and in which an input displacement fed to one slider is converted into an output displacement and is produced by another slider, the quantity of output displacement being reduced according to a ratio of similar figures of the first link mechanism to the second link mechanism.

Abstract: An actuator operable to serve concurrently or selectively as a rotary actuator and/or as a linear motion actuator is provided, which comprises a piston-cylinder unit (20, 21), a pair of substantially parallel output shafts (22, 22) having axes substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the cylinder (20) and respectively including confined portions sealingly enclosed in the fluid-tight chamber defined by the cylinder and exposed portions projecting via seal means (45) out of said fluid-tight chamber, a substantially non-extensible and substantially flexible shut-in power transmission element (26) fixedly connected to the piston of said piston-cylinder unit at the substantial center thereof and having ends fixedly connected relative to said confined portions of said pair of substantially parallel output shafts (22, 22), and a shut-out power transmission element (27) having ends fixedly connected relative to said exposed portions of said pair of substantially parallel output shafts (22, 22), said shut-in

Abstract: A device capable of controlling and maintaining the temperature of water discharged from a kitchen faucet or shower at a preselected temperature level. An air-filled enclosure disposed within a mixing chamber regulates the precise amount of hot and cold water entering the mixing chamber as a function of the rate of thermal expansion of the air. A selector control is provided to set the preselected temperature level.

Abstract: An improved pump jack assembly for reciprocating a sucker rod in a well bore is disclosed. The pump jack assembly includes a walking beam pivotally mounted for free swinging motion on a Sampson post. The walking beam includes a fixed counterweight mounted on one end and a horsehead mounted on the opposite end. The walking beam is driven in up-and-down pumping motion by a pair of balance weights which are coupled for coordinated reciprocal movement along the walking beam. The balance weights are linked together for concurrent movement and are driven by a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the counterweight end of the walking beam. The weights are so positioned that while one weight is being raised by the hydraulic cylinder, the other weight is falling due to gravity. Thus the weights help each other and greatly reduce the power requirement. The downward stroke of each end of the walking beam is limited by saddle weights which are pivotally coupled to the walking beam on opposite sides of the Sampson post.

Abstract: A control device comprises an actuating push button slidable in a housing. A traction element, also slidable in the housing, is secured to the head of a flexible sheathed wire or cable. The traction element has an inclined surface which is engaged by a ball displaced by actuation of the push button whereby to cause displacement of the traction element and of the wire or cable connected thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for processing trees includes a hollow boom structure (12), a processing head (14) mounted for movement along the boom and an actuating cylinder assembly (38) which is mounted inside the boom structure. The cylinder includes a body member (50) and support means (52) engageable with the inside of the boom which support the body member for linear movement along the boom. A reeved cable system interconnects the actuating cylinder assembly with the processing head such that the actuating cylinder and the processing head move in opposite directions along the boom when the actuating cylinder is pressurized. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the cylinder assembly includes opposed piston assemblies (40, 42) and means associated with the piston rod (54) of one piston assembly (40) for selectively transferring hydraulic fluid from a source to the head ends of both piston assemblies and to a central chamber (60) defined between the piston assemblies.

Abstract: Apparatus is shown for use in loading contacts in contact receiving bores of a resilient insert body. The insert body is provided with internal shoulders and bores forming restrictive passages for holding the contacts and for holding wires attached to the contacts. The apparatus includes an adapter associated with a breech loading assembly for accepting and holding the insert body. An assembly including a bullet within a barrel is pushed into the insert body to gently enlarge the shoulders and the bores. The bullet is then retracted to a stop position, leaving the barrel in place in the bore. The breech lock is then opened and contacts are loaded by hand, or other means, into the bore to the stop position. The barrel is then retracted from the bore permitting the internal shoulders of the resilient insert body to expand and grip the contacts. Thereafter, the resilient insert body, with its contacts and appropriate leads in place, is removed from the apparatus.

Abstract: A linear drive-shaft sealing apparatus particularly useful in removing crystals from a melt solution of an evacuated chamber, which sealing apparatus comprises a first input drive shaft and a second output drive shaft, both shafts adapted for linear movement, a cylindrical element disposed between the input and output shafts and adapted for rotary movement, a housing surrounding the cylindrical element, and a multistage, magnetic seal apparatus which provides a magnetic seal between the housing and the cylindrical element.

Abstract: A screen drive assembly is described for use with screen printing presses for facilitating the printing of elongated articles. In the printing press of the subject invention, the screen is driven towards and away from the press over the article to be printed by a unique drive which converts the reciprocal motion of the drive carriage between the end supports to a reciprocal motion in a perpendicular direction. The article is mounted for printing with an axis of rotation parallel to the primary support shafts, and may be substantially freely rotated, in response to the passage of the screen over the article during the printing cycle.

Abstract: A first carriage, which is arranged to vertically reciprocate within a first housing, is provided with two air clutches and a continuously moving chain. The chain is arranged to move over co-planar spaced sprockets so as to present one direction of chain motion to the left side of the carriage and a second direction of chain motion to the right side of the carriage. The carriage is also provided with two chain engaging sprockets each controlled by a respective one of two air clutches. The chain engaging sprockets on the carriage normally idle with chain motion. However, actuation of one of the controlling air clutches halts the spinning of its associated sprocket and forces the sprocket and clutch to act as a unit to thereby move the carriage upwardly or downwardly along the length of the chain in a direction dependent upon which portion of the continuously moving chain was so engaged. Means are provided to automatically reverse the stroke, to vary the length of the stroke and to vary the speed of the stroke.

Abstract: A brake applying device for an internal cylinder having pistons operated to apply the brakes by one or both of hydraulic pressure or a wedge assembly that move transversely of the wheel cylinder. The wedge assembly has a wedge and rollers which act between the wedge and the pistons to facilitate movement of the wedge. The rollers are housed in a cage that can move relative to the wedge, the unloaded datum position of the cage on the wedge is determined by two opposed springs that act on the cage.In order to prevent the cage from becoming damaged during exceptional service conditions it has been arranged for the cage to move relative to the wedge during the initial application of the brakes. This is achieved by providing an abutment which is encountered by the cage during retraction of the wedge so as to compress one of said springs.

Abstract: The mechanical amplifier has a wedge-shaped primary member. The primary member is displaceable between two pairs of rollers which are arranged in mirrorimage with respect to a plane of symmetry. All rollers are arranged with their axes parallel, are freely movable, and lie against the wedge-shaped primary member. Two rollers which lie against each other are provided on each side of the wedge member, of which rollers one bears against a stationary abutment surface and the other bears against a co-operating bearing surface of a secondary member. At least one of said bearing surfaces includes with the plane of symmetry an angle of inclination which is less than 90.degree.. A spring assembly which acts on the secondary member causes the rollers and their bearing surfaces to be held in continuous engagement against each other.

Abstract: A three-bale load is accumulated on the trailer as bales issue from the rear of the baler, whereupon the accumulated bales may be dumped all at the same location or singly as may be desired. Successive bales issuing from the baler arrive at a central platform from which they are alternately distributed to laterally disposed side platforms in an automated procedure. Once a side platform receives its bale, lockout mechanism prevents the transfer device from presenting the side platform with another bale until such time as the previous bale has been dumped. Once a bale has been dumped from a platform, the transfer device is automatically actuated, if indeed the next bale is ready to be transferred, for loading of the next bale onto the awaiting side platform.

Abstract: A machine with a central strut, which strut has a center portion first and second end portion, two pairs of flexible bows, each pair comprised of two bows under flexed stress and having first and second ends. The bows are flexed in an arc such that said first and second ends of the bows extend at 90.degree. angles to each other. The first end of each the bows in a pair are fastened to each other in overlapping longitudinal relationship to form a handle for said machine, and the second end of each of said bows are rotatably secured to an end portion of the strut in a manner to prevent lateral or longitudinal movement.The machine converts forces applied in a direction perpendicularly to a plane to a force acting perpendicularly to the same plane but in a direction opposite that of the first force applied. The first force may be applied in the first direction of a single point, or a pair of points, in equal or differing magnitudes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a testing system employing a circulating tool, a cushion valve, a seal unit packer with a foot sleeve, and a landing nipple with a transducer fitting. This system permits running a packer with a foot sleeve and transducer fitting and landing it in the well, and subsequently running a tubing with a circulating tool and cushion valve to land in the seal unit. Thereafter a transducer may be run on a wireline.

Abstract: A parking brake and transmission interlock system including a transmission control element (30) movable between at least two opposed drive positions and an intermediate neutral position, a parking brake control element (14-22) movable between engaged and disengaged positions, a stop (36) having two stop surfaces (38,40) connected to the transmission control element (30), to be movable therewith between the drive and neutral positions, a pair of movably mounted abutments (52,56) each confronting a respective one of the stop surfaces (38,40) and engageable therewith, a spring (58) biasing each of the abutments (52,56) toward its associated stop surface (38,40) to engage the same and urge the stop (36) toward the neutral position, and a fluid motor (64) responsive to the positioning of the brake control element (14-22) in the disengaged position for moving the abutments (52,56) away from the associated stop surfaces (38,40) so that the transmission control element (30) may be freely moved between the drive and n

Abstract: Servo boosters for vehicle hydraulic braking systems are described which incorporate a novel arrangement for providing an increasing reaction force on the input member in response to an increasing output force. In the novel arrangement a first thrust assembly is interposed between the input member and the output member, and a second thrust assembly is interposed between the movable wall of the booster, which may be a diaphragm or a piston, and the output member. The thrust assemblies each generally consist of rotatable parallel plates having inclined ramp surfaces on opposed faces co-operating with balls or rollers located between the plates. Some of the plates of the two thrust assemblies are keyed together. Axial forces between the members generate torques in the thrust assemblies and since the torques must balance each other as a result of the connections between the plates a fixed relationship is maintained between the input and output forces and the force exerted by the movable wall.

Abstract: The ram housings of a volumetric metering stuffer are provided with ram seals to prevent leakage of the product being stuffed. The rams are reciprocated translatorily along substantially straight lines to prevent sidewise thrust on the seals. Cushions absorb the shock incident to the ends of the strokes of the rams and provide smooth deceleration thereof. Each ram has a clean-up cage to receive the ram when the ram is withdrawn from its housing.

Abstract: A load moving apparatus in which a linear actuator is used to move a load through an arrangement of cables and pulleys, so that the load is moved through a distance and at a speed which is a multiple of the distance of movement of the linear actuator.

Abstract: An actuator is provided for converting linear to rotary motion to manipulate a valve. Preferably, the actuator has a rotor which is rotatable about an axis and is operably associatable with the valve member. A pair of motors, preferably actuated by pressure fluid, each includes a reciprocal push rod assembly. Flexible means are coupled between the push rod assemblies of the motors and spaced apart points on the rotor such that when one of the motors is actuated, the respective one of the push rod assemblies is moved linearly in a direction to transmit torque to the rotor, thus causing the rotor to rotate about its axis in one direction and manipulate the valve member to one of open and closed positions, and when the other of the motors is actuated, the other of the push rod assemblies is moved linearly in an opposing direction to transmit torque to the rotor whereby the rotor is rotated about its axis in an opposite direction to manipulate the valve to the other of open and closed positions.

Abstract: A mechanism for translating motion in a first direction to an output motion in a direction normal to the first direction, the mechanism having a generally bar-shaped member with a second generally bar-shaped member slidably coupled thereto with an interconnecting pressure plate member operable toward the first bar-shaped member for sliding the second bar-shaped member. The pressure plate member is formed integrally with the first and second members and spring-biased. The mechanism may be used for example in a doll or the like.

Abstract: Screen printing apparatus incorporating drive means for a squeegee comprising a drive motor, a lead screw rotatable by the motor and a rider for the lead screw, said rider being coupled to a mounting for the squeegee preferably through stroke adjustment means and the lead screw having two oppositely handed threads thereon such that rotation of the motor causes reciprocating motion of the rider longitudinally of the lead screw at substantially uniform speed.Adjusting means to adjust the distance between two members such as a printing head of screen printing apparatus and a table on which articles to be printed can be laid, comprising a pair of coaxial shafts, eccentric members secured on the shafts, bushes secured to respective ones of said members and means to rotate the shaft such that the eccentrics when rotated in the bushes cause the members to move relatively to one another by the sum of the eccentricity of the two eccentrics having regard to the angle through which they are rotated.

Abstract: A scale mechanism in which a load to be measured sets on blocks of which at least two are tapered and with a fluid such as oil between the blocks and means for measuring the transverse force on at least one of the tapered blocks and such measurement convertible to the weight of the load. Various modifications of the arrangement are disclosed.

Abstract: Linkage which extends between right and left brake pedals and a valve construction provided with an outwardly extending shiftable shaft and a pair of valves disposed to either side of the shaft. A bolt assembly passes through one end of the shaft and mounts a yoke for rocking movement, the yoke having ends equally offset from the valves. Right and left substantially identical linkages are employed, each linkage including a push rod mounted for limited adjustable sliding movement in a trunnion carried by a bifurcated arm of a bell crank. The other bell crank arm is connected to an end of the yoke by a ball joint assembly, one end of a tubular intermediate portion being adapted to bear against a valve.

Abstract: The track brake is intended to limit the speed of rolling motion of a freight car according to the track gradient in a marshalling yard. A retarder installed along a braking rail comprises a number of braking tappets each having a portion which projects above the braking rail in the rest position and each being applied in turn beneath each wheel of the car to be braked. The track brake comprises a motion converter constituted by a series of rockers each pivotally mounted on a pin connected to the braking rail. One portion of each rocker cooperates with a braking tappet and another portion of the rocker cooperates with a piston-rod of a substantially horizontal hydraulic brake cylinder.

Abstract: A control apparatus is disclosed for regulating the movement of a control stem which is biased in a given direction. The apparatus comprises a housing forming a chamber and a plurality of passages. The chamber receives the control stem in its direction of bias, the latter abutting against a restraining sphere disposed in the chamber. A pair of pistons are movably disposed in remaining ones of the passages to maintain the sphere in the chamber. The pistons are movable to allow the sphere to enter a passage so that the stem can move further into the chamber. The pistons can be moved manually or automatically, as by means of a fusible element which melts in response to the heat of a fire.

Abstract: A lever mechanism including a lever which is pivotally mounted between its ends on a pivot shaft forming two lever arms. One of the lever arms is arranged to receive a force applied thereto and the other of the lever arms has an end portion arranged to transmit movement and force to a working element. The end portion has part-cylindrical surfaces which cooperate with part-cylindrical surfaces on oppositely located slide blocks. Each slide block has a planar slide surface which is parallel to a shaft of the part-cylindrical surfaces of the end portion. The planar surface of each slide block is arranged to slidably abut a planar surface on the working element. The slide blocks are non-rotatably connected to each other via their planar slide surfaces in parallel planes by means of dogging elements which are pivotally mounted on the shaft of the part-cylindrical surfaces of the end portion.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention a brake rigging for applying the brakes to the wheels in a railway car includes a top rod extending over the inner axle which engages a gear located between the inner axle and the truck bolster. The gear includes a first inclined, vertically extending gear lever having a curved segment end portion having gear teeth which engage gear teeth on a curved segment portion of a second inclined, vertically extending gear lever which is connected to a brake beam extending between the inner wheels. In addition a bottom connection is connected to at least one of the first and second gear levers and extends through the truck bolster. The opposite end of the bottom connection is attached to an outer vertically extending lever, the lower end of which is attached to an outer brake beam for applying the brakes to the outer wheels.

Abstract: A simple and compact disk brake mechanism which includes a housing having a pair of slightly separated flat guide walls, a plate-like brake member in the housing which is slideable against the disk brake, and a plate-like camming member slideable in the housing and moveable transverse to the braking member to advance the braking member against the disk brake. The housing also includes a spacer plate with a portion that reaches around the disk brake and against an area of the disk brake opposite the plate-like braking member.

Abstract: A cylindrical linear actuator suitable for installation in a confined area and capable of infinite stroke adjustment over its scheduled travel and lockable at any position of its designated stroke includes overlapping and combining rod end stroke adjustments to minimize actuator length. Electrical feedback is precalibrated to give a known signal proportional to the actuator stroke and to the position of the load clevis thereby always giving the correct position of the load.

Abstract: A resetting device coupled to a thermostat which has a resetting pin actuated by depressing the same, comprises a body arranged to be movable towards and away from the resetting pin; a propelling device for launching the body in the direction of the resetting pin for depressing the resetting pin by the body in an impact-like manner; and an operating arrangement movable into an actuating position for actuating the propelling device. The resetting pin is freely movable subsequent to the impact-like engagement by the body, irrespective of the momentarily-assumed position of the operating arrangement.

Abstract: A linkage includes a pair of links pivotally connected together near adjacent ends. The opposite end of one of the links pivots about an axis, moving the opposite end of the other link along a linear path. The position of the axis is adjusted along a linear path substantially parallel to the linear path traced by the opposite end of the other link.

Abstract: Caliper brake assembly using a cam structure to actuate brake shoes to permit selection of a wide range of braking forces and to increase design flexiblity. The assembly has a frame journalling a pair of opposed arms with opposed brake shoes hinged adjacent opposed inner ends of the arms to brake a disc sandwiched between the shoes. The cam structure includes a cam member having a cam surface which cooperates with a brake actuator so that the cam surface is displaced by the actuator. A pair of cam followers cooperate with the respective arms and the cam surface during brake actuation to rotate each arm about a respective hinge axis relative to the frame so as to force the shoes against the disc. In one embodiment the cam member is displaced parallel to the hinge axes and each cam follower includes a swivellably mounted roller to accommodate swinging of the arms. In an alternative embodiment, the cam has double-acting wedges in which the actuator effectively floats between the arms.

Abstract: A vuilleumier-cycle refrigeration system of the type including first and second communicating, sealed, cylindrical, vessels having first and second displacers respectively mounted therein in sliding, sealing contact with the inner walls thereof, includes magnetic linkage between the two displacers for driving the displacers within the sealed vessels without contaminating the sealed vessels. With regard to the magnetic linkage, there are smaller, auxiliary cylindrical vessels coupled respectively to the first and second vessels, having smaller diameters, and thinner walls than the first and second vessels. Rods attached to the displacers and extending into the auxiliary vessels have magnetic material followers attached thereto. Magnetic-material drivers are moveable along the auxiliary vessels, opposite the followers, to thereby attract and move the magnetic-material followers and their attached displacers.

Abstract: An actuator unit for door locks or similar output devices includes two spaced linear actuators selectively operative respectively to lock or unlock the door through a common pivotally mounted link assembly. Such link assembly includes a lost motion connection to permit the energized actuator normally to cycle even if the door lock lever is being held to preclude movement thereof to the selected lock mode.

Abstract: A tree shear apparatus includes first and second blades, and linkage means interconnecting the blades so that the first blade makes a partial, relatively small cut of the tree and withdrawal from the tree while the second blade cuts through the tree so that the first and second blades together make a complete cut of the body of the tree.

Abstract: Apparatus having fuel combustion cylinders for urging the rods of pistons operating therein through power strokes, and fluid pressure pistons, also operating in cooperating cylinders, which are correspondingly urged during said power strokes through movement causing the production of a pressure fluid which is thereafter utilized, on demand, to do work. In the transmission of said movement-producing forces of said fuel-powered apparatus input to said pressure fluid output, a linkage mechanism is advantageously utilized to provide a pressure pattern in the pressure fluid which starts at an optimum low value and progressively builds up. This effectively reverses the pressure pattern of the combustion fuel which consists of a rapid-expansion gas having an initial maximum value and, due to expansion, progressively diminishes in value.

Abstract: A semi-automatic coarse-fine focusing apparatus for microscopes adjusts the focus of a microscope through rotation of a shaft which rotates a pinion that drives a rack to reciprocate. The rack carries a specimen being observed by the microscope. The shaft which rotates the pinion is in turn driven by a gear that is meshed with a helix formed on a cylinder by a helical thread disposed therearound. The helix is non-rotatably mounted on another shaft that includes a knob which is manually turned to turn the helix and thus rotate the gear for coarse adjustment. The helix is preferably rigidly mounted on the shaft and the shaft is slidable. One arm of a bell crank engages an end face of the helix to reciprocate the helix and thus rotate the gear for fine adjustment. The other arm of the bell crank is engaged by a cam which pivots the bell crank according to the position of the cam. The position of the cam is determined by an electric motor which is preferably controlled by signals that vary with image contrast.

Abstract: A control in which an active member is momentarily actuated by a moving member only when both members move toward each other and pass each other, the active member being actuated by the moving member as it passes said active member from one direction only, when said members meet and pass in the opposite direction said active member will not be activated, the movement of either member being limited so that the two members can pass each other only when both members move towards each other along parallel paths.

Abstract: A pair of metering pumps are fixedly supported on a mounting frame and are driven in tandem by a reciprocable thrust mechanism for driving the piston or cylinder element of the pump. The thrust mechanism is movable transversely to the reciprocating direction and is supported on a frame. Two levers have respective ends linked to the thrust mechanism and to the frame, respectively. One of the reciprocable pump elements is suspended on a respective lever whereby reciprocation of the thrust mechanism causes corresponding reciprocation of the suspended pump element. The levers are held stationary with respect to the thrust mechanism and the suspension of the reciprocable pump elements holds them stationary with respect to the mounting frame.