Abstract: There are provided a method for producing metal nanoparticles including preparing a first solution including a metal precursor, an amine, and a non-aqueous solvent; producing metal nanoparticles capped with amine by heating, agitating, and reducing the first solution; preparing a second solution by washing a non-reactive amine among the produced metal nanoparticles and dispersing the metal nanoparticles in the non-aqueous solvent; and partially capping an acid on the metal nanoparticles dispersed by adding the acid to the second solution and heating and agitating it, an ink composition using the same, and a method for producing the same. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention can provide a method for producing metal nanoparticles having surface stability, excellent adhesion, an effect of reducing cracks by modifying the substituents of metal nanoparticles, an ink composition using the same, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A device (1) for transmitting torque from a first shaft (2) to a second shaft (3) of a transmission device, in particular a counter shaft transmission. The device (1) has a first gear (5) supported on the first shaft (2) by a bearing device (4) and which, in an assembled state, engages a second gear (6) arranged on the second shaft (3). The first gear (5) can be shifted into an activated state in which the first gear is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first shaft (2). A supporting mechanism (18) is associated with the first gear (5), next to the bearing device (4), via which tilting moments present and acting on the first gear (5), at least in a connected state, are transmitted to and supported by the first shaft (2).

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic control system is provided for a transmission, which is preferably a countershaft transmission, that has a three-position dog clutch actuator valve to control the position of a three-position dog clutch. At least one of the positions of the dog clutch actuator valve is established by pressurized fluid directed to the dog clutch actuator valve by two logic valves, both of which are controlled to direct pressurized fluid elsewhere in the hydraulic control system, as well.

Abstract: An actuating device for a transmission of a motor vehicle has a housing and two pistons moveably arranged in the housing. A coupling part is arranged between the two pistons and is acted on by the two pistons so as to be moved by the two pistons. The coupling part is connected to a shifting part of the transmission and is made, at least on a surface of the coupling part, of wear-resistant material. The two pistons are loosely seated on the coupling part so that these parts can align themselves properly relative to one another after mounting.

Abstract: A powershift transmission for a work vehicle is disclosed having two modes of applying power: a direct connection through a series of gears, and a connection through a torque converter integral with the transmission. The two paths branch at the input shaft, on which is mounted and which drives a torque converter that has a gear coupled to its output. Another gear on the input shaft is connected to that shaft by a hydraulic clutch. When the clutch is engaged, the transmission provides several high-range forward gear ratios through a direct gear drive. When that clutch is disconnected, the torque converter supplies power to the transmission to low forward and low reverse ranges of gear ratios. The transmission includes a first countershaft, on which are mounted a reverse master clutch engaged in all reverse gear ratios) and a forward low range clutch, which is engaged in the low range of forward gear ratios. The reverse master clutch couples the countershaft directly to the output shaft.

Abstract: Hydraulic operating device, in particular for the operation of a selector fork of a gearbox, and gearbox provided with such an operating device. The device comprises a double-acting cylinder, which is coupled to the selector fork, and a reversible pump. The pump is connected to the working chambers of the cylinder by supply lines. A valve is mounted in each of the supply lines which is operated by fluid flow. This valve comprises a body, a bore formed in the body, a piston, which divides the bore into two chambers, a through-channel, formed in the piston and designed as a flow orifice, connecting the two chambers.

Abstract: In a roving winding apparatus applied to a roving frame provided with a plurality of draft parts and corresponding bobbin wheels, a bobbin shaft for driving the bobbin wheel, a bobbin rail on which the bobbin shaft is rotatably horizontally mounted along the longitudinal direction thereof, a lifting motion mechanism for lifting the bobbin rail, and a main motor for driving the draft parts at a predetermined rotational speed, wherein the bobbin shaft is driven under a controlled condition created by a servomotor to follow a digital signal output from the rotation angle detecting device applied to the common bottom front roller of the draft parts, in an adjusted optimal condition under the control of a computer system, incorporated with the lifting motion of the bobbin rail.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrically activating range shift apparatus in transmissions of trucks or the like wherein such activation is customarily accomplished by actuation of valves on air lines from the shift apparatus knob to the proximity of the transmission, such air lines, or the like, are directed along a shift bar from the transmission area up to the knob of the shift bar and then along the shift bar to the point of actuating shift changes in the transmission. In the present case electrical switch apparatus in the knob of the shift bar is provided which electrically actuates a low voltage solenoid valve arrangement which controls the transmission's air actuated shifting means without the need of relays, and the like.

Abstract: A three position actuator which is used to position the gear range control lever on a two speed transfer case. Three positions are required to achieve HIGH, LOW and NEUTRAL. Two individual air chambers may be selectively charged with compressed air to move two pistons along a common actuator rod to achieve linear translation of the control lever to selectively position the transfer case in HIGH, NEUTRAL or LOW range. The transfer case is shifted from LOW to NEUTRAL or HIGH to NEUTRAL by releasing the respective charge of compressed air thereby permitting a spring to shift the control lever to neutral. Thus, in the event of a failure of the system supplying the compressed air, the actuator will return the transfer case to NEUTRAL as required for towing.

Abstract: TransmissionIn conventional transmissions utilized, for example, in rolling mill facilities, the shifting procedure is cumbersome and time-consuming. The shifting process is to be simplified in the novel transmission.The multiple-speed, e.g. two-speed transmisssion (1) exhibits two pinions (2, 3) rotatably supported on a motor-driven input shaft (5), of shifting speeds I and II, for driving two gear wheels (6, 7) non-rotationally arranged on an output shaft. The pinions (2, 3) can be coupled selectively with the input shaft (5) by means of the hydraulic clamping sleeves (10) of two friction clutches (8, 9).The transmission is especially suited for use in rolling mill drive mechanisms.

Abstract: A device designed to actuate the positive clutches of gearbox sliding gears following synchronization of the respective pairs of gears. A cylinder mechanism is provided on each sliding plate of the gearbox, as well as solenoid valves which are controlled by an electronic calculator to select and actuate the cylinders. Each cylinder mechanism includes two oppositely acting pistons, each connected to the sliding plate, and each sliding in its own cylinder which also includes a return spring which operates against each piston and which practically eliminates the clearance above the piston as the piston is about to be acutated.

Abstract: An improved fluid operated (X-Y) shifting mechanism (100) is provided for shifting gears or clutches of a mechanical change gear transmission. Mechanism (100) features a shift finger (14) that is secured to a shaft (6) that is moved in an axial (Y--Y) direction by at least one piston (28) and is pivoted in a substantially transverse (X--X) direction by at least one piston (12) having a bore (10) in which an end of shaft (6) is supported and operative to rotate relative thereto to substantially lessen rotational inertia in encountered shifting in the (X--X) direction particularly during cold weather.

Abstract: Hydraulically operated transmission having plural gear trains each selectively established by engagement of an associated hydraulic clutch. Each hydraulic clutch has an outer member and an inner member with the inner member being divided into at least a first inner part and a second inner part engaged in parallel with the outer member. A one-way clutch is interposed between the first inner part and the second inner part of each hydraulic clutch. The first inner part of each clutch is directly coupled to a member on one of the input side and the output side of the hydraulic clutch. The second inner part is connected to that member through the one-way clutch so that the one-way clutch allows overrotation of the second inner part when the member is on the input side and overrotation of the member when it is on the output side.

Abstract: Power take-off control apparatus which automatically shifts a vehicle speed range transmission into neutral whenever a power take-off mechanism is engaged to prevent accidental engagement of a drive gear while the power take-off mechanism is in use. A piston is moved in response to fluid pressure to shift the speed range transmission between high and low speed gear ranges. The power take-off mechanism is engaged in response to fluid pressure from a control valve. Whenever fluid pressure is applied to engage the power take-off mechanism, the fluid pressure moves the piston to an intermediate neutral position to disengage the vehicle drive.

Abstract: An electrically controlled, fluidly actuated X-Y type shifting mechanism (30) for cooperation with a mechanical change gear transmission shift bar housing assembly (10) normally controlled by a manual shift lever is provided. The mechanism (30) includes a housing (32) having a single pressurized fluid connection (52) and a single electrical connection assembly (50) which is mounted to a shift bar housing assembly normally receiving a shift lever lower. A shift finger (38) extends into the shift bar housing for cooperation with the shift rail (12, 14, 16) shift blocks (24, 26, 28) and is positioned by two transversely mounted, axially movable shafts (68, 110). Each of shafts is axially positioned in a selected one of three selectable axial position by piston/cylinder assemblies (46, 42) controlled by six three-way, two-position electrically operated valves (150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160).

Abstract: A pressurized fluid actuated shift bar housing assembly (12) for a change gear transmission (10) is provided having a plurality of shift bars (54, 56, 58), each shift bar having associated therewith a first (108) and a second (110) selectively pressurized and exhausted chamber utilized to axially position the shift bar in a first and second axially displaced position. A third relatively small volume selectively pressurized chamber (140) is utilized to positively axially position each of the shift bars in the nondisplaced axially centered positions thereof.

Abstract: A multi-speed power transmission utilizing ten gears, seven clutches and four shafts provides eight forward speeds and four reverse speeds. The transmission is coaxial in that the input and the output shafts are on the same centerline. The transmission requires only a minimum number of gears, clutches and shafts for the large number of gear ratios provided, and at the same time it is relatively compact and has only three shaft centers. In this transmission there are always three clutches applied in any speed range. Of the seven shifts between forward speed ranges, four of them require the engagement of one different clutch only, two of them require two different clutches to engage simultaneously, and one shift requires engaging three different clutches. The clutches are of the type having multiple friction plates, and hydraulically applied force pistons which are spring load returned. The clutches include appropriate ball dump valves in the force pistons.

Abstract: Pressure-medium actuated shifting arrangement for a gear transmission, primarily for a multispeed transmission, in which the speed selection lever performs a movement in accordance with a double H shifting configuration. Within the reach of the driver, in a shift console another transmission shaft is mounted, which is displaced by the speed selection lever for path selection and twisted for gear shifting. The transmission shaft has also cams and valves cooperating with a pressure-medium source over the selection cylinder and shift cylinder mounted to the gear box which actuate a gear-shift-lever shaft, whereby not only the desired shift couplings are put into effect, but also feedback information about the shifting situation in the transmission perceptible by the driver is conveyed.

Abstract: An actuation system for a transmission synchronizer, including a first member and a second member, the second member being pressed against the first member for synchronization of two relatively rotating elements, includes a variable pressure type actuator which selectively presses the second member against the first member, with a pressing force which is controllable to vary over a range so as to press the second member against the first member at a lower pressure in the initial phase of synchronization and at a substantially increased pressure at the end of synchronization.

Abstract: A plural speed planetary gear box has an input member and output member coupled together directly by a shiftable coupling sleeve or coupled together indirectly by a planetary gear set. The shift from direct to indirect coupling involves shifting the coupling sleeve out of direct coupling position between the input and output members to a different position in which the input member is coupled to one portion of the planetary gear set and the output member is coupled to another portion of the planetary gear set. A hydraulically actuated piston drives the coupling sleeve through a resiliently loaded lost motion isolator which applies a first force to the coupling sleeve for disengagement, and also applies a second force to the coupling sleeve to produce meshing engagement with the input member or with the planetary gear set element.

Abstract: A speed-changing transmission device for vehicles includes a speed-changing shaft connected to rear wheels and disposed at the rear side of an input shaft driven by an engine co-axially with the input shaft, a counter shaft mounted in parallel with the speed-changing shaft and driven by the input shaft, and forward and backward speed-changing gear systems through which the speed-changing gear is connected to the counter shaft to constitute a speed-changing transmission mechanism. A forward one-way clutch is disposed between the input shaft and the speed-changing shaft of the speed-changing mechanism. In the power transmission path formed by the backward speed-changing gear system, provided is a backward clutch and a backward one-way clutch parallel with the backward clutch. The connection between the engine and the speed-changing the speed is turned into "OFF" state during parking of the vehicle, so that an engine braking effect is obtained to prevent the vehicle from starting naturally.

Abstract: A transmission for vehicles including a plurality of alternative gear trains. It comprises a mechanism for bringing an end face of a boss of at least one gear, not concerning the power transmission, on a shaft and a surface of another member, relatively rotating with respect to the gear, on the shaft into slideable contact with each other under force of a spring. Vibration and noise due to those gear trains not contributing to the power transmission are effectively prevented.

Abstract: A shift rod air interlock system provides a mechanical apparatus for insuring a neutral position in a two-speed air shifted compound transmission whenever air to an auxiliary air shift cylinder is interrupted. The apparatus prevents the transmission from being shifted into gear whenever an associated vehicle is stationary and when a power take-off unit is operative. In addition, a two-position air interlock plunger assembly provides a locking plunger which interfaces with a pair of detents in the shift rod, thus insuring that the auxiliary transmission is prevented from being shifted into neutral whenever the air system is interrupted while the vehicle is moving. In a preferred form, the invention utilizes a shift rod selectively movable between at least three positions, including an intermediate neutral position.

Abstract: A constant mesh parallel shaft gearbox providing a plurality of ratios has its ratio controlled by having, in place of conventional synchronizer assemblies and dog clutches, rotary positive displacement pumps each having one element (4) connected to the gearbox shaft (2) and another (3) connected to a gear (1). With the pump recirculating fluid the gear (1) freewheels on the shaft (2), a valve ring (9) can prevent recirculation and hence lock the gear for rotation with the shaft. Unidirectional rotation of the gear on the shaft in each direction can be obtained passing pump flow through non-return valves 13 or 14. The invention is equally applicable to epicyclic gearboxes and where brake bands, for example, can be replaced by a rotary pump and valve in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: A gear shift mechanism for providing a vehicle operator with a "feel" of a desired gear change being completed in a power operated gear unit. A drum disc connected to the gear shift lever is formed with a recess in which a locking pin of an actuator valve is engageable when the gear shift lever is operated to a shift position, thereby limiting further movement of the gear shift lever. A sensor device associated with the gear unit detects completion of the gear change and operates the actuator to retract the locking pin from the recess to allow further movement of the gear shift lever, as an indication to the vehicle operator that the intended gear change is completed, so that he may engage the clutch and apply gas.

Abstract: A hydraulically controlled transmission for vehicles such as heavy-duty, high horsepower, off-highway trucks, the transmission having a plurality of selectively engagable change speed gears and hydraulically actuated friction type clutches for selectively engaging the gears to provide various speed ratios for the vehicle. The transmission includes a hydraulic control circuit in communication with the clutches and a rotary range selector valve is located in the circuit and driven in step-by-step increments by a geneva wheel drive means. The arrangement insures that the transmission can be shifted at only one speed range at a time and that an engaged speed range will be released before another speed range is engaged.

Abstract: A countershaft gear transmission is disclosed wherein a plurality of main gears including a first main gear and a second main gear rotatably mounted to a main or output shaft, a countershaft drivingly connected to an input shaft has counter gears in constant engagement with the plurality of main gears and wherein when a low gear ratio is established the first main gear transfers power from the countershaft to the main shaft and when a high gear ratio is established the second main gear transfers power. The first main gear is formed on an outer race of a one-way clutch whose inner race is free to rotate on the main shaft. A synchronizer is coupled with the main shaft for coupling the inner race of the one-way clutch with the main shaft in all of the forward gear ratios. A disc clutch is coupled with the main shaft for coupling said second main gear with said main shaft in the high gear ratio.

Abstract: A hydraulic valve for a two-speed power take off selectively operated by a reversible stub shaft providing the proper output drive.

Abstract: An automatic transmission comprising a plurality of speed-change hydraulic clutches selectively operated in dependence of various speeds separately carried by an input shaft and an output shaft, and wherein working oil is supplied from a hydraulic oil source to the hydraulic clutches through (a) fixed oil passages provided in a casing, (b) conduction pipes arranged in coaxially spaced relation within one another in a central bore in the input shaft and/or the output shaft, and (c) communicating passages formed in the input shaft and/or output shaft and connected to the hydraulic clutches. The conduction pipes are respectively connected at one end with the fixed oil passages in a fixed or pivotal manner and at the other end with the communicating passages with seals arranged between the outer peripheries thereof and the inner periphery of the bore in the shaft.

Abstract: Apparatus for a transfer case that has a multiple path drive system including a neutral position, a first drive path of one speed range and a second drive path of a different speed range, the apparatus including (1) a hydraulic cylinder assembly having piston means movable to three positions and a rod connected to the piston means and to a shift mechanism of the transfer case for moving the shift mechanism of the transfer case selectively to one of the three positions of the drive system, and (2) a hydraulic control valve means for selectively controlling from a remote location operation of the hydraulic cylinder assembly.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system including a plurality of individual clutch valves for selective operation for controlling clutches in a power shift transmission. A modulating valve and a clutch valve release mechanism are included for modulating the clutch engaging pressure and the clutch disengaging pressure automatically. A single source of pressurized fluid provides pressurized fluid for operating the hydraulic actuators through the clutch valves and pressurized fluid to lubricate the power shift transmission having wet clutches which operate in hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: A valve assembly for a power shift transmission with a valve body and valve cover integrally mounted on the transmission housing. The valve body includes flow control valves while the valve cover includes pressure control valves for regulating and modulating fluid pressure supplied through the valve assembly to hydraulic fluid clutch actuators in the power shift transmission.

Abstract: Apparatus for preventing faulty operation in automatic transmissions of motorcars, the transmission having a speed-change sensor and a shift valve therein, for controlling the operation of the latter, the apparatus comprising oil-pressure operated high-speed and low-speed clutches interposed in respective high-speed and low-speed systems of the transmission, the system being selectively connectable through the shift valve to a main line pressure circuit connected to an oil-pressure source, wherein the shift valve is operable by the oil pressure and has at one end an oil-pressure chamber connectable to the main circuit through a pilot valve that can be opened by operation of the sensor.

Abstract: A countershaft transmission having an input shaft selectively driving a clutch carrier connected to the output shaft by selective drive through direct drive and through countershaft driven quill shafts to the clutch carrier.

Abstract: A multiple-spindle machine tool or a multi-speed transmission wherein the spindles or shafts carry several fluid-operated aggregates in the form of clutches, brakes and/or work clamping devices which receive pressurized fluid by way of axially movable spools mounted in or surrounding the respective spindles or shafts. The spools are movable axially by a stationary cam (in a machine tool) or by an indexible cam (in a transmission), and receive pressurized fluid which is admitted axially or radially, depending upon whether the spools are received in or surround the respective spindles or shafts.

Abstract: A gear changing system is disclosed for changing the gears in one or more automotive or truck transmissions of the mechanical type. Each rail or equivalent linkage for supporting and moving the gear changing fork is connected to the operating shaft of a fluid actuated cylinder assembly which has fluid ports connected to a plurality of control valves. The valves are connected, on one side, to a source of fluid under pressure, preferably pneumatic, and on the other side are vented to a reservoir or the atmosphere. An electrical or electropneumatic control system controls the operation of the valves, the control system including a push button selector which chooses a shift gear ratio to be attained. The push button assembly first operates a "neutral" valve which causes the cylinder means to move each shift rail to neutral.