Abstract: The invention relates to a drive device, for driving a regulating unit. Said device has a gearing (20) mounted between a motor (10) and the regulating unit (30). The gearing (20) has at least a first gearing stage (22) which is coupled to an output shaft of the motor (10) and a subsequent second gearing stage (24), whereby the second gearing stage (24) is configured as an eccentric gearing stage.

Abstract: An optimally finished gear has a surface roughness between approximately 5 micro-inches Ra to 10 micro-inches Ra. The reduced surface roughness, when located at the gear teeth, can reduce the maximum contact stress by more than fifty percent. Similarly, the subsurface shear stress can be reduced by approximately thirty percent. The reduced contact stress and reduced shear stress results from improved lubrication conditions between the gear teeth. Surface roughness greater than 10 micro-inches Ra results in increased contact of the surface peaks, while surface roughness lower than 3 micro-inches is too smooth to retain adequate lubrication between the gear teeth.

Abstract: A bevel gear 1 has a radius of curvature R of a fillet curve provided between a tooth flank A and a bottom land B gradually increasing from a small-diameter end D1 to a large-diameter end D2.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a practical gear and gear train which can be used in an actual gear drive system. Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-circular and asymmetrical gear which is practically used in view of durability, a gear train using that gear, and a barrel finishing machine using that gear. Non-circular and asymmetrical gear 10 has a plurality of tooth profiles 20 in which an addendum circle 16 of a substantially semicircular shape is connected to a dedendum circle 18 of a substantially semicircular shape. A center point 22 of the addendum circle 16 is on a pitch line 24, and a center point 26 of the dedendum circle 18 lies inside the pitch line 24.

Abstract: A gear structure of the present invention comprises a first gear and a second gear. A teeth portion constituting a gear portion of the second gear are provided, in a partial area in its tooth width direction, with regulating portions formed into a shape which is cut so as to have a diameter smaller than an external diameter of a tooth top. Furthermore, the first gear is provided with fitting portions into which the regulating portions of the second gear are fitted. The regulating portions of the second gear are fitted into the fitting portions of the first gear so that they may be integrally stacked and arranged.

Abstract: A hollow rack shaft is produced by forming a plate work piece and has continuous metal flow along the contour of rack teeth surface without being cut. A series of wave-like concave-convex sections is formed on the inner surface of the shaft. Thickness of tooth body and tooth bottom of the rack teeth is adjusted by dimensions of the unevenness. Thereby, stress concentration at each point of the rack shaft is prevented and the shaft is strengthened and its weight reduced.

Abstract: In an involute tooth profile pair structure, a pinion has a smaller pressure angle at its addendum than at its dedendum, and a pressure angle at an addendum of a gear wheel is equal to the pressure angle at the dedendum of the pinion, and a pressure angle at a dedendum of the gear wheel is equal to the pressure angle at the addendum of the pinion.

Abstract: A flexible meshing type gear device includes a rigid internal gear, a flexible external gear and a wave generator, wherein the flexible external gear includes a cylindrical body and external teeth formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical body. The basic tooth profile of the flexible external gear having a flexing coefficient of smaller than 1 is given the shape of a convex arc, and a normal at the inflection point of the movement locus described by the center of the convex-arc tooth profile relative to the teeth of the rigid internal gear and an evolute of the locus are newly introduced, thereby clarifying the interference limit of the tooth profile and thus enabling maximization of the tooth height of the concave tooth profile portion of the rigid internal gear and the convex tooth profile portion of the flexible external gear.

Abstract: A support bar of a headrest assembly or a hand brake is provided with one or more notches or indented portions. The notches or indented portions are formed in a way that inhibits the formation of additional material portions extending outwardly from the smoothly curved outer surface of the support bar. The indented portions or notches possess a shape having continuous curvature as seen in a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the pipe member.

Abstract: A sheet metal outsert-molded gear, in which a molded resin gear is formed by outsert-molding along the outer perimeter of a disk-shaped sheet metal, characterized in that one or more notches, holes, or protrusions are provided in the outer perimeter of the disk-shaped sheet metal.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus (40) for remote inspection of the trepan radius area (34) of the inlet sleeve (24) of a steam turbine (10). The apparatus (40) provides a sealed volume (50) between a pair of inflatable bladders (46,48) for the introduction of a liquid couplant for the immersion of ultrasonic transducers (42,44). A laser line generator (62) generates a beam of light visible through camera (60) which impinges upon the inlet bell seal (30) when the apparatus (40) is in a proper inspection position within the inlet sleeve (24). Guide vanes (56) provide centering and generate an insertion force during air assisted insertion of apparatus (40). Transducers (42,44) are indexed axially and circumfretially by the independent rotation of axial drive gear (72) and longitudinal drive gear (70) engaged with a pattern of gear teeth (69) formed as a combination of circumferential spur gear teeth and axial rack gear teeth cut into a single surface of a spline shaft (68).

Abstract: The present invention is a gear system generally having a driven gear, rotatably mounted on an axis, having teeth defined by unique geometrical profiles; a driving means contacting the teeth of the driven gear; and round pins or spheres for engaging the teeth of the driven gear rotatably mounted on the driving means, the round pins or spheres for engaging the teeth of the driven gear roll along a profile of the tooth of the driven gear; and the gear system has a variable pressure angle and a variable contact ratio.

Abstract: An electronic power steering apparatus according to the present invention uses hypoid gears having a larger gear on a steering assisting motor side and a smaller gear on a pinion shaft side as a transmission device for transmitting a rotational force of the motor to the pinion shaft or a column shaft, thereby reducing a shaft-to-shaft distance required between the motor and the pinion shaft. Further, rack teeth, which have a pressure angle that reduces toward both of the ends of a moving stroke of a rack shaft, are formed on the rack shaft that engages the pinion gear so that an insufficient steering assisting force is supplemented at the stroke ends, that is, at a large steering range; thus, it is possible to miniaturize the motor. Therefore, it becomes possible to reduce a space occupied by the motor on the periphery of the column shaft or the pinion shaft, and consequently to allow easy installation inside the automobile room or the engine room.

Abstract: Several embodiments of various non-involute gear tooth profiles incorporate relief areas formed across the area of the tooth face generally symmetrically to each side of the pitch circle of the gear. The relief area serves to preclude contact across the areas of meshing or mating gear teeth where convex-to-convex contact would otherwise occur, thus precluding high pressure contact between the two gear teeth at the area of the relief. The remainder of the contact of such non-involute gear tooth profiles provides conformal contact, i. e., convex-to-concave mating faces with correspondingly low pressures developed between the tooth portions. The present invention enables a given gear set to absorb considerably greater torque and force than would otherwise be they case, or alternatively allows gear sets to be made considerably smaller and lighter for a given torque transmission, than would otherwise be the case.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a hollow rack shaft, an approximately rectangular plate having a wide rack tooth portion, is bent lengthwise into a gutter-like cross section to provide: at the central portion, a flat bottom portion on which rack teeth are formed later and a pair of mutually facing leg portions, and, in the vicinity of both ends, a semicircular bottom portion and a pair of mutually facing leg portions. The mutually facing leg portions at the central portion have a larger clearance than the clearance of the mutually facing leg portions in the vicinity of both ends. The rack teeth are then formed on the flat bottom portion through the plastic flow of the flat bottom portion and a part of material of the pair of leg portions of this flat bottom portion. The gutter-shaped plate, on which the rack teeth have been formed, is then formed into a tube having a hollow inner surface, by bending the plate and butt joining the edge portions.

Abstract: A toothed gear includes an outer toothed rim 1, a hub 3 and a profiled bridge area 2 connecting the toothed rim 1 and the hub 3 as one piece. The bridge area 2 is connected to the toothed rim and the hub in different planes. The bridge area consists of uniformly spaced, spoke-like bridges 2, which are uniformly distributed over the circumference. The bridges are arranged in an alternating manner on both sides of a center plane extending through the toothed gear.

Abstract: A hollow rack shaft is produced by forming a plate work piece and has continuous metal flow along the contour of rack teeth surface without being cut. A series of wave-like concave-convex sections is formed on the inner surface of the shaft. Thickness of tooth body and tooth bottom of the rack teeth is adjusted by dimensions of the unevenness. Thereby, stress concentration at each point of the rack shaft is prevented and the shaft is strengthend and lightweightized.

Abstract: A transfer ring (10) for a continously variable transmission. The transfer ring (10) includes an inner ring (12), an outer ring (18) and a spacer ring (24). The inner, outer and spacer rings are substantially coaxial with a transfer ring (10) axis. The spacer ring (24) is disposed radially between the inner and outer rings. The inner and outer rings are secured to the spacer ring (24) to substantially prevent relative movement therebetween. The spacer ring (24) has non-overlapping radially inwardly (26) and radially outwardly (27) facing slots extending respectively into inner and outer circumferences thereof. Laminar segments (42) are mounted in each of the slots and are slidably displaceable in a direction parallel to the transfer ring axis (22). The segments (42) are generally radially aligned with the transfer ring axis (22) and have upper (44) and lower (45) tabs straddling the spacer ring (24) to limit the distance which the segments (42) may be slidably displaced.

Abstract: A method for designing root area geometry of a straight bevel gear providing reduced stress concentration and increased tooth strength. Also, a method for making a forging die for manufacturing gears having improved tooth root geometry. The method includes the steps of designing the straight bevel gear having improved root area geometry, designing an electrode for an electric discharge machining using CAD/CAM device, manufacturing the electrode, and manufacturing the forging die employing the electric discharge machining process.

Abstract: Helical or spur gear drive comprising a driven gear and driving gear wherein the driving gear has double crowned teeth defined as (i) an envelope to a family of surfaces generated by a skew or straight rack-cutter having a parabolic tooth profile in normal section and then (ii) as an envelope to a family of tool surfaces that are generated while the tool performs a plunging motion with respect to the driving gear in the direction of the shortest distance between the axes of rotation of the tool and the driving gear and tool plunging motion is varied by a parabolic function, whose variable is displacement of the tool in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the driving gear. The driven gear has a tooth surface defined as the envelope to a family of surfaces generated by a rack-cutter which surface is parabolic cylinder or a plane.

Abstract: The meshing of the rigid internal gear and the cup-shaped flexible external gear of a flexible meshing type gear device is simulated with racks, similarity transformation is effected on the composite curve consisting of the envelope obtained by axially projecting the movement loci of the rack teeth relative to each other from the tooth trace opening portion to the tooth trace inner extremity in sections perpendicular to the axis and the movement locus in the vicinity of the tooth trace inner extremity, and the resulting curve is adopted as the basic addendum profile of the external teeth and the internal teeth.

Abstract: A unitary powder metal gear or sprocket (10) has a teeth region (16) which extends 2-5 mm below the tooth root diameter and a body region (14) radially inside of the teeth region (16). The teeth region (16) is pressed to a higher density than the body region (14) in a two chamber compaction die. The teeth region (16) is made of a sinter or induction hardening material, and the body region (14) is made of a liquid phase sintered material. Materials for the teeth (16) and body (14) regions are selected for compatibility by compacting them into a bimetallic strip (20, 22) with the teeth material (18) on one side and the body material (19) on the other side, sintering the strip (20,22) and observing the amount it bends.

Abstract: A shaft/hub unit having a toothing assembly for transmitting torque, comprising a shaft (1) with shaft toothing (5) and a hub (2) with hub toothing (7), which sets of toothing engage one another, with torque being introduced by a shaft shank (4) at whose end there is provided the shaft toothing (5) and with the tooth profile of the shaft toothing (5), in the longitudinal direction, following a variable course, wherein the shaft toothing (5) comprises a major diameter which, in the longitudinal direction, follows a constant course and wherein the hub toothing (7) comprises a base diameter which, in the longitudinal direction, follows a constant course, wherein the toothing assembly comprises at least two axially extending portions (9, 10) in which each base diameter of the shaft toothing (5) follows a constant course and in which each major diameter of the hub toothing (7) follows a constant course, and wherein, of the each two adjoining portions, the portion facing the shaft shank (4) comprises the greater ba

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus adapted for an apparatus such as a camera or the like includes a first toothed wheel having teeth at least one predetermined tooth of which differs in tooth thickness from at least one different tooth of the teeth, a second toothed wheel which meshes with the first toothed wheel, the second toothed wheel having tooth spaces at least one predetermined tooth space of which meshes with the at least one predetermined tooth of the first toothed wheel and differs in space interval from at least one different tooth space of the tooth spaces, a determination device which determines a rotating position of the first toothed wheel, and an operating device which performs a predetermined operation according to a rotating position of the second toothed wheel.

Abstract: A rigid internal gear of a wave gear drive is comprise by a tooth-formed member having inner teeth and a circular gear body member, these two members being integrally connected with each other. The tooth-formed member is made of ferrous or copper material having a high strength and wear resistance, while the gear body member is made of lightweight material such as aluminum alloy and the like. These members are connected integrally with each other in a manner that one of these members is formed with baffle means and the other member is made by enveloped casting, or that the member having baffle means is pressed into the other member. These members are therefore surely connected with each other, so that a high torque can be transferred between these members. Also, the lightweight of the rigid internal gear can be achieved without deteriorating strength, wear resistance or the like thereof.

Abstract: A continuously variable gear transmission has a hemispherical drive gear providing an axially varying pitch diameter and an axially varying effective circular pitch, and a driven gear with a constant pitch diameter having teeth tapering axially in an opposite sense to the axially varying effective circular pitch of the drive gear. A pitch control drum guides teeth of the driven gear relatively around the shaft axis to continuously vary their effective circular pitch to match a circular pitch of the teeth of the drive gear for ensuring meshing engagement throughout the varying axial positions, whereby the velocity ratio of the transmission is varied continuously. The control drum has a guiding surface extending therearound with an axially tapering, conical guiding portion providing an arcuate guiding surface portion of constant transverse and continuously axially varying radius.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission (10) having input (12) and output (14) gearsets each having a pair of bevelled gears (16) rotatable about generally coplanar respective axes of rotation (22) and with the two bevelled faces (24) in a spaced-apart parallel relationship. The input (12) and output (14) gearsets are mounted opposite one another with the bevelled faces (24) aligned. A restorably deformable transfer ring is mounted between the input and output gearsets and a portion of the transfer ring (28) is captured between opposed teeth (24) of the bevelled gears (16). The transfer ring (28) is laterally moveable relative to the input (12) and output (14) gearsets.

Abstract: A cogged component, especially a wheel, rack, pinion, spline, or similar structure, intended for the mechanical transmission of force. The body is of a composite reinforced with carbon fibers. The body is, in accordance with the invention, of fiber-reinforced ceramic comprising a lattice of essentially continuous carbon fibers and a matrix that contains carbon. The fibers in the lattice are sheathed in silicon carbide formed essentially by liquid silicon infiltrating the lattice and reacting with the carbon in the matrix. The cogs are constructed either of a similar fiber-reinforced ceramic with a load-accommodating fiber orientation or of a monolithic ceramic.

Abstract: A transmission device for converting a torque from rotary to linear movement includes a rack having a plurality of teeth and a pinion having rollers which mesh with the teeth of the rack, with pressurization provided therebetween. The rack has an arcuate tooth flank diametrically greater than each of the rollers of the pinion. The rack also has a tooth face which has an approach profile progressively moving away from the path of contact of each of the rollers along which each of the rollers would otherwise engage with the tooth face. A plurality of each of the rollers of the pinion concurrently mesh with the corresponding teeth of the rack. Another embodiment converts a torque between rotary and linear movement and comprises a pinion having a plurality of teeth and a rack having a plurality of rollers to mesh with the teeth of the pinion.

Abstract: A high addendum tooth for a spur gear that prevents interference upon engagement with other high addendum gear teeth when the engaging gears are not perfectly aligned. The gear tooth design is divided into two portions along the face width of the tooth. The first portion is located at the first end of the tooth and involves having a high tooth height. The sidewall or face surface of this first portion may be involute, flat, or some other profile. The second portion of the gear tooth is situated along the remainder of the length of the tooth extending from the first portion to the second end. The second portion does not have a high tooth height. Instead, the top of the second portion of the tooth is cut and ground to have a flat surface. The second portion is proportionally much longer and occupies a much greater portion of the face width than the first portion.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a machine part with external toothing from a circular sheet metal blank. According to this method the blank is fixed between a tool and a tail stock. Subsequently the circumferential edge of the circular sheet metal blank is bent by a first metal working roll towards the side of the tool by an angle of more than 180.degree. to form a curl. This curl is radially flattened with a second metal working roll. Subsequently the flattened curl is pressed against the tool with a gear cutting roll and shaped to form an external tooth system.

Abstract: A gear structure including an internal gear and an external gear meshed together and moved relative to each other through a rotary motion, the radius of the root arcs of the teeth of the external gear being M, which is the ratio between the diameter of the crest and the number of teeth, and being the line of arc in tangent with the crest arcs of each two adjacent teeth, the tooth form curve of the internal gear being obtained by connecting all engaging points at the crest arcs and root arcs of the external gear.

Abstract: A planetary gear device includes a sun gear, planet gears to be meshed with the sun gear and an internal gear to be meshed with the planet gears each having a tooth profile formed to an involute curve, wherein tooth surfaces on one side of the planet gears meshing with the sun gear and tooth surfaces on the other side of the planet gears meshing with the internal gear are respectively corrected by different amounts of correction on the basis of deformation amounts of teeth of the planet gears caused by meshes with the sun gear and the internal gear so that rotary motion can be smoothly transmitted when the tooth faces of the planet gears meshed with the sun gear and the tooth faces of the planet gears meshed with the internal gear are elastically deformed by the mesh thereof.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a one-piece sheet metal toothed wheel including a central sheet metal wall of predetermined thickness and a series of integral teeth on the periphery of the central wall.The method comprises a combination of steps the initial one is cold-forming a circular piece of sheet metal into a preform having an outer annular section of generally uniform cross-sectional configuration and an integral sheet metal central wall.The next step is rotating (1) the rotary holding unit with the preform secured thereto about the preform axis, and (2) the tooth-forming tool unit about the rotational axis thereof in a predetermined rotational relation wherein the axes are parallel and the rotational speeds are synchronized.

Abstract: A drive pinion for an engine starting motor having a lead-in chamfer of the starter pin defined by a geometry formed by rotating the radial gear tooth involute form through 90 degrees across the end of the tooth. The radius and axis of rotation are selected such that the cam surface is full across the height of the tooth and the cam surface intersects the back side of the tooth at the leading edge of the tooth.

Abstract: Improvements in gears and gear teeth structures for use in driving assemblies, such as machines, vehicles and the like, wherein the teeth portions of the gears and, in certain instances, other portions thereof, are coated with a hard synthetic diamond material deposited thereagainst as carbon atoms derived from a fluid, such as methane gas, when high energy radiation, such as microwave radiation, is beamed through the gas against the surfaces of the gears and gear teeth thereof. In certain instances, the hard diamond material coating the gear teeth and the spaces therebetween, is overcoated with a thin layer of chromium which serves to protect the diamond surfaces of the teeth during use so as to prevent destruction of the diamond layer by physical attrition caused by stress and abrasive particles engaging the teeth during use of the gears.

Abstract: A family of conjugate gear tooth profiles is taught in which the relative curvature is a maximum near center and decreases toward tip and flank, where sliding is greatest. In one embodiment the radii of curvature of the individual profiles are least at the pitch point and increase toward tip and flank. The permissible tooth heights are limited only by top lands and bottom lands; and any tooth-numbers can be used without resorting to unequal addendums, although unequal addendums can be used if desired.

Abstract: A method of forming a one-piece sheet metal toothed wheel comprising the steps of rotating (1) a rotary holding unit with the preform secured thereto about the preform axis and an inner portion of an outer annular section of the preform within a back-up space provided by the holding unit, and (2) a tooth-forming tool unit about the rotational axis thereof in a predetermined rotational relation wherein the axes are parallel and the rotational speeds are synchronized, and then while the rotary holding unit with the preform secured thereto and the tooth-forming tool unit are in the predetermined rotational relation affecting relative movement between the units and the axes thereof in a direction toward one another to engage the tooth-forming periphery fo the tooth-forming tool unit in cooperation metal-deforming relation with the outer portion of the outer annular section inwardly of the exterior periphery the preform until the sheet metal of the outer portion of the annular section is cold-formed into the serie

Abstract: A bidirectional synchronous gearing mechanism includes a first gear with a first and second gear profile and a second gear identical to the first gear and with identical first and second gear profiles. The teeth of the two gears are meshed together and the gears are rotatably secured about their respective central axes. Rotation of one of the gears causes rotation of the other gear in an opposite direction.

Abstract: A method of forming a toothed wheel comprising the steps of cold-forming a circular piece of sheet metal of predetermined thickness into a preform, rotating (1) a rotary holding unit with the preform secured thereto about the preform axis and with a control surface of the holding unit underlying at least a portion of an annular section of the preform and (2) a tooth-forming tool unit in a predetermined rotational relation wherein the axes of rotation are parallel and the rotational speeds are synchronized, and while in the predetermined rotational relation affecting a relative movement between the units and the axes thereof in a direction toward one another to engage a tooth-forming periphery of the tooth-forming tool unit in cooperating metal-deforming relation with the annular section inwardly of the exterior periphery thereof until the sheet metal of the annular section is cold-formed into the series of teeth, the peripheries of which are cold-formed by rolling contact with the tooth-forming periphery of t

Abstract: A bicycle multiple chainwheel is provided which is mounted on a pedal crank for transmitting a rider's pedalling force to a rear gear through a chain. The chainwheel has the following configuration to prevent a chain from being locked to a diametrically larger sprocket or from prematurely disengaging from the larger sprocket before completely shifting to a diametrically smaller sprocket.The larger sprocket has circumferentially asymmetric teeth located in at least one of diametrically opposite angular regions which contain a diametrical line of the larger sprocket extending along crank arms of the pedal crank, each of the asymmetric teeth being offset relative to a corresponding pitch center in the forward rotational direction of the chainwheel in comparison with the other normal teeth of the larger sprocket.

Abstract: A phenol resin toothed wheel having a toothed portion formed of meta-aromatic polyamide fiber spun cloth impregnated with phenol resin blended with epoxy resin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gear structure which comprises a sectoral base member of metal plate; and an arcuate flange portion integrally formed on an arcuate flange portion integrally formed on an arcuate peripheral portion of the sectoral base member. The arcuate flange portion is formed on an outer surface of thereof with forged teeth.

Abstract: A reduction starter employing a planetary gear type reduction gear mechanism having an outer ring gear displaceable radially of a common axis of a central sun gear and an output shaft carrying planet gears for revolution about the common axis. The outer ring gear is formed by an internally toothed ring gear elastically deformable to assure uniform distribution of load torque to all planet gears. The tooth root bending stress of the ring gear is substantially equalized to the outer periphery bending stress thereof to improve the load performance of the planetary gear type reduction gear mechanism and thus reduce the size and weight of the starter. The outer ring gear has an outer rim of a radial thickness t and a plurality of radially inwardly extending teeth each having a height h. The rim thickness t is determined to'fall with a range of from +.ltoreq.0.8 h to +.gtoreq.0.4 h.

Abstract: Face-gear transmissions have been used hitherto only for secondary applications, with little running hours and low loads. They form a type of underdeveloped angle transmissions. When analyzing said underdevelopment, it was surprisingly found that well-known gear theory had not been applied correctly. Especially the teeth-tip-height can be increased considerably in the region where the face-gear teeth have increased pressure angles, resulting in considerably increased loading capacity and meshing quotient, all based on meshing cooperation with standard cylindrical gears with either straight (spur) or helical teeth. The angle between the transmission shafts may be 90.degree., less or over, the shafts may intersect or cross.

Abstract: A composite gearwheel structure for reciprocating the gripper-carrying straps in weaving looms, comprises a gearwheel body of synthetic plastic material. Its teeth are partially covered with sheet metal associated with the body and forming an integral part thereof.

Abstract: A system of gearing that allows gears to be designed that are smaller than standard involute gears of corresponding torque capacity. This reduction in size is made possible by increasing the angle through which the teeth are engaged. The wider angle of engagement is achieved by adding to the path of contact two segments: (1) the path portion closest to the pinion is extended by adding on a slightly curved segment lying outside the circle that is the locus of interference points for involute gearing; and (2), the path portion closest to the gear is extended by adding a segment that is produced by the use of an exceptionally long pinion addendum. The reduced size of the gears made possible by the wider engagement angle obtained from addition of these two path segments not only reduces mass and pitch line velocity, but the wider engagement angle itself also affords an increased profile contact ratio that reduces transmission error. The wider angle of engagement thus reduces noise excitation in two ways.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of providing different gear reduction ratios between a pinion gear (4) and ring gear (8) of a vehicular axle transmission (40) by application of trigonometric formulae heretofore thought unsuitable for such purpose.

Abstract: A sliding gear for a speed-changing transmission, idling on an output shaft, has a set of external running teeth in permanent mesh with a driving gear and a set of internal clutch teeth engageable with mating teeth on a coupling member carried by that shaft. The two sets of teeth have centerlines inclined to the axial direction by angles so related as to exert balanced axial forces upon the sliding gear in the engaged position of the latter. The clutch teeth have flanks diverging from their centerlines at small angles, in the direction of the engagement shift, to hold the sliding gear in contact with the coupling member.

Abstract: A differential for motor vehicles and the like effectively providing smooth power transmission from an input drive shaft driving two gears fixed axially spaced thereon driving with pin-like teeth, on side faces thereof, a driven gear having peripheral teeth oval in cross section and coaxial with two output bevel sun gears disposed opposed and having respective power output shafts for differential driving of the motor vehicle left and right wheels during turns. The output sun gears are disposed concentric with the driven gear with a common axis of rotation normal to the axis of rotation of the drive gears. The sun gears are driven differentially during vehicle turns by two bevel planetary gears each having as axis of rotation fixed in the driven gear and extending radially toward the axis of rotation common with the sun gears and symmetrical to the axis of rotation thereof.