Abstract: An internal combustion engine with extended power stroke and shortened compression stroke has an improved efficiency over internal combustion engines having strokes of equal length.

Abstract: A piston rod particularly for shock absorbers and spring devices has been shown in the illustrative embodiments. The piston rod comprises a tubular member which tubular member is provided with at least one extension of reduced diameter. The extension is intended for being fastened to associated structural members. In view of fluid-tightly closing the interior of the piston rods on at least one of their ends, a closure member is provided within the cavity defined by the extension of reduced diameter. The closure member is fastened to the piston rod by the reduction of the diameter of the piston rod.

Abstract: A piston and connecting rod assembly comprises a one-piece yoke thrust bearing disposed between the piston and connecting rod to provide bearing surfaces therebetween. The piston includes a pair of wrist pin bosses disposed therein and in spaced-apart facing relationship. The bosses have oppositely disposed faces with axially aligned bores therein, and the faces have disposed therein respective shoulder-like depressions. The yoke thrust bearing comprises a pair of washer portions in abutment against respective boss faces and interconnected by a yoke element, and the washer portions have respective projections conformably received in respective depressions, thereby aligning the holes in the washers with the bores and preventing rotation of the yoke thrust bearing in the piston. On end of the connecting rod is received between the washer portions, and a wrist pin is passed through the boss bores, washer portions, and the connecting rod opening to thereby pivotally connect the piston and connecting rod together.

Abstract: A connecting rod has a closed bearing at one end for connecting, for exam, a piston bolt to the rod. At the other end the rod has a divided bearing for connecting, for example, a crankpin to the rod. The rod is made of fiber reinforced synthetic materials. The divided bearing is enclosed by an inner and an outer bearing bail and by the free ends of a fiber reinforced loop which surrounds the closed bearing. At the divided bearing end the rod components are interlocked in a dovetail manner. The loop is an open loop and the free ends of the loop legs extend substantially in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

Abstract: A heat-resistant shift member is disclosed which comprises (i) a fundamental body having substantially a desired configuration and formed of one or more of compressed heat-resistant materials such as expanded graphite with entangled wires being firmly embedded therein, and (ii) a shifting surface layer member integrally covering the shifting surface of the fundamental body which is formed of other compressed sheet-like heat-resistant materials such as asbestos, a heat-resistant sheet material made of fibers of asbestos, etc.

Abstract: A brake lever connecting bar is formed from a tube, the ends of which become jaws by the insertion of a preformed insert that engages the parallel side walls of the tube increasing the wall thickness in which bearing surfaces are then cut. The remaining parallel tube walls are notched defining the reinforced jaw configuration required to connect brake levers on a typical railway car brake mechanism.

Abstract: A Stirling engine has power transmitting connecting rods which slideably extend through diametral apertures in the pistons. A double-acting Stirling engine having center-actuated pistons eliminates the piston rods protruding through the end wall of the cylinders. The reciprocating piston motion is transmitted outside the cylinder by a piston rod extending transversely through the piston and cylinder wall to a connecting means journaled to receive the crank throw of a single crankshaft. The hot ends of the engine cylinders are all arranged about the central heat source, and the cool ends are all mechanically distant and thermally isolated from the heat source and crankcase, thus simplifying the cooling requirements of the engine.

Abstract: A small internal combustion engine especially--but not exclusively--for model aircraft is made at an extremely low cost. A crankcase and a fuel tank are made of two casted pieceparts which nest together. The two pieceparts include matching openings which are aligned to provide an air intake and a manifold leading from the fuel tank into the interior of the crankcase. A crankshaft is journaled to rotate within the crankcase. A connecting rod is made from a generally "Y" shaped leaf spring. The stem of the "Y" is mounted on a throw on the crankshaft for producing a reciprocal motion within a cylinder. The tops of the "Y" shaped connecting rod are shaped to form diametrically opposed dimples. A cup-shaped piston has diametrically opposed, internal abuttments formed by a hole drilled through the piston skirt. The dimples on the connecting rod snap into the opposing holes inside the piston.

Abstract: A guide control rod for a wheel suspension arrangement of motor vehicles. The guide control rod includes spaced side walls extending in a longitudinal direction with guide sockets being positioned in an area of the respective ends of the guide control rods. Each side wall is formed by a single stamped or pressed plate element. The guide sockets are formed by collar portions which define mounting openings extending through the respective side walls. The collar portions have different diameters so as to enable the collar portions of the respective plate members to be pressed onto one another, thereby connecting the two plate members to each other.

Abstract: A cross member includes a steering shaft support and mounts a ground engaging wheel at each end thereof via a component mounted at each end of the cross member for partial rotation about a vertical axis. A steering arm extends from this component which is adjustably clamped to the steering arm. A connecting rod extends from each steering arm to a centrally located pitman arm extending from the steering shaft which in turn is mounted on the steering shaft support. Preferably, one connecting rod freely hooks onto one steering arm and to the pitman arm with the other connecting rod being hooked to the other steering arm and to the first connecting rod. The angular relationship between the pitman arm, the connecting rods and the hooked ends of the steering arms causes the wheels to turn at different radii and the hooked connections provide the necessary up and down movement without excessive play or clearance thus eliminating the need for more expensive pivot type assemblies.

Abstract: A connecting rod for a radial piston motor including a spherical surface portion, a rod portion and a pad portion having a sliding surface. The spherical surface portion, rod portion and pad portion are formed integrally, and the sliding surface has a bearing alloy attached to its surface by centrifugal casting. An overlay may be provided on the bearing alloy. The connecting rod is produced in a mass production basis by a method including the steps of integrally forming the spherical surface portion, rod portion and pad portion into a blank, assembling a plurality of such blanks in ring form and welding them together at joints into a single blank, machining the sliding surface of the pad portion of the blank, attaching a bearing alloy by centrifugal casting to the sliding surface of the pad portion, machining the surface of the bearing alloy, and dividing the blank at the joints into a plurality of pieces constituting a plurality of connecting rods.

Abstract: Connecting rod of a composite material formed from reinforcement fibers wound in the form of an endless loop with constant cross-sectional shape and the fiber bundle enclosed by a jacket of aluminum.

Abstract: In illustrative embodiments a method has been shown for manufacturing a piston rod unit. The piston rod unit includes a metallic tube shaped piston rod member defining a cavity therein and at least one terminal member having a fastening pin fastened within a respective end portion of the cavity. The fastening pin is provided with an outer diameter which is larger than the initial inner diameter of the piston rod member. This fastening pin is pressed into an end portion of the cavity so as to radially expand the piston rod member along at least a part of the end portion to an expanded outer diameter larger than the initial outer diameter of the tubular piston rod member. Hereupon the piston rod member is radially compressed by hammering within the area of the expanded outer diameter until the initial outer diameter is substantially reestablished.

Abstract: A clevis end connecting rod such as truck lever connection rods, brake cylinder push rods, brake rod ends, etc., utilized on railroad cars, is manufactured by positioning an outside side surface of a metal eye member, having a bore therethrough, transversely against one end of a metal rod, and then the metal rod end is circumferentially welded to the eye member side surface with a good concentric and coaxial uniform weld. Thereafter, the eye member is transversely cut in half, thereby providing a cutting gap which is in line with the axis of the rod. Then this same end of the rod is axially cut to a predetermined depth to provide a bifurcated rod end. The bifurcation is aligned with the cutting gap between the eye member halves, and then the bifurcated rod end is spread and re-shaped to form a clevis end with the bores of the eye member halves being positioned in spaced alignment to receive a clevis pin, thereby eliminating expensive prior art hot forging techniques.

Abstract: A method of making a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine having a one-piece crankshaft construction generally consisting of positioning a first crankpin bushing segment having a connecting rod shank consisting of a reinforced resinous material mounted thereon, on a crankpin of the crankshaft, positioning a second crankpin bushing segment on the crankpin, and applying a reinforcing material and a resinous material about a periphery of the connecting rod shank and the second crankpin bushing segment to form an integral unit consisting of the crankpin bushing segments embedded in the connecting rod shank, attached to the crankpin.

Abstract: A device, such as a gudgeon pin, for connecting a piston of a reciprocating internal combustion agent to a connecting-rod comprises at least in part a fibre-reinforced composite material. The device further comprises a metallic sliding bearing having a circular cylindrical external surface. The sliding bearing layer is arranged on the external surface of the fibre-reinforced composite material. A plurality of fibre layers, which run in differing directions, are arranged in the composite material, and the sliding bearing layer is divided in the transition region from a piston to a connecting-rod. The gudgeon pin has alternate layers, in which fibres are arranged orthogonally to fibres in an adjacent fibre layer. The fibres run parallel to the gudgeon pin axis in one layer and orthogonally thereto in the two adjacent layers.

Abstract: A vacuum assisted booster having an input rod with a thrust member thereon, an output rod with a piston head thereon, and an elastomeric disc located between the thrust member and the piston head. The piston head has an axial bore therein and the thrust member has an axial projection that extends through the elastomeric disc into the bore. The projection is anchored to the piston head by a cap fitted to the head and which allows some forward movement of the thrust member to apply a load to the elastomeric disc but limits axial separation of the piston head and thrust member on the return stroke.

Abstract: A connecting rod of a radial piston motor comprising a spherical portion, a rod portion and a pad and a method of producing same, wherein the pad is formed separately from the spherical portion and the rod portion beforehand, and interfitting portions are formed in the rod portion and the pad. The rod portion and the pad are connected to each other through the interfitting portions to form therebetween a joint which is welded, to produce the desired connecting rod of a radial piston motor. The provision of the interfitting portions enables the rod portion and the pad to be positioned with a high degree of precision.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control rod or power transmission rod of tubular shape whose ends are provided with bearings and which is formed of continuous fibres or wires coated with resin and wound around internal elements of the bearings. To provide the rod with a high transverse strength, the fibres or wires are wound on the internal elements of the bearings at an angle greater than 180.degree., for example, 270.degree., and intersect each other where they leave these elements, so as to avoid forming a plane of weakness liable to fracture.

Abstract: A connecting rod for an internal combustion engine comprising a rod body having a fiber bundle reinforcement integrated therein. The fiber bundle reinforcement extends longitudinally in a central rod portion of the connecting rod and is exposed at the peripheral surface at a small end portion of the rod where a bore is provided for connection with a piston pin. The fiber bundle reinforcement is exposed in the region of the bore adjacent the central rod portion.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a first connecting link having a pair of axially opposing ends with one of the ends being coupled through a uniball to a drive portion of an actuator. A second connecting link includes a pair of axially opposing ends. One of the ends of the second connecting link is coupled to a driven portion, e.g., a butterfly valve. Coupling means, including a mating plug and socket, is provided for adjustably coupling the remaining opposing ends of the first and second links. The mating plug includes four sides and one hole disposed eccentrically therethrough and parallel to the sides. The remaining end of the second link includes a socket for mating with the plug. The plug can be mated in eight different rotational positions with respect to the socket. At each of the eight different rotational positions, the eccentric hole is disposed in a position which determines one of a predetermined number of available couplings between the first and second links.

Abstract: A steering linkage for vehicles of the type having left and right side knucle arms, a tie rod, a Pitman arm, and a relay rod which pivotably connects the Pitman arm with an intermediate portion of the tie rod and is generally inclined downward from its one end connected with the Pitman arm toward its other end connected with the tie rod, wherein the relative position between the relay rod and the tie rod is so determined that the axis of the relay rod substantially intersects the axis of the tie rod.

Abstract: Light weight component (FIG. 1) comprising hollow, tubular member (A) with load transmission means (B) at its ends and filaments (E) in a plastic matrix C encircling the member and transmission means may be used as tension compression member. The tubular member preferably is a pultrusion adapted to contain sufficient filaments to tensilely strengthen the component. The component may be made, for example, by winding or wrapping filaments about the member while load transmission means are at its ends.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for fitting a connecting member at one end of a control rod, wherein a sleeve of resistant fibres impregnated with polymerizable resin is applied substantially against the inner wall of the end, the end is flattened at least until the portions of inner face of the sleeve, disposed on either side of the plane of flattening, are applied against one another, substantially completely obturating the section of the flattened portion of the tubular end, and the resin impregnating the sleeve is polymerized after flattening. The invention is more particularly applicable to the obtaining of light, resistant connecting rods, especially for aircraft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making a connecting rod for controlling or transmitting efforts, comprising a rod provided at at least one of its ends with a connecting member, wherein a tubular element is firstly made of high strength fibers impregnated with polymerizable resin, said end is then flattened so that it is obturated, after which the resin impregnating said element is polymerized, then said connecting member is arranged in the hardened, flattened part of said element. The invention is more particularly applicable to the manufacture of connecting rods for controlling and transmitting efforts, particularly for aircraft, helicopters, etc. . . .

Abstract: A semi-articulated flexstrap for use in connecting a rotor blade to the hub of a helicopter rotor is disclosed. The flexstrap includes a series of straps which alternatingly crisscross at a point between the blade and hub. The straps are substantially parallel to the plane of rotation of the rotor at the crossover point and unrestrained so as to permit relative movement between the straps. The relative movement of the straps of articulation of the flexstrap in the plane of rotation of the rotor permits lead lag motion of the rotor blade to occur.

Abstract: An inertia bar to be installed in a well between a sucker rod string and a subsurface pump. A string of the bars adds weight to the sucker rod string and maintains it under tension throughout a pumping cycle. A sufficient number of the bars are used to place a neutral zone within the inertia bars. The neutral zone is a zone in which there is neither tension nor compression in the bars. The body of each bar has a relatively large diameter, which for example may be the same as the outside diameter of the couplings used to connect the individual sucker rods. The bar has pins at its ends for engaging the couplings, which pins have the same dimension as standard sucker rod pins. The bar can be engaged by a conventional elevator when it is to be removed from a well.

Abstract: This invention is made with a view to increasing the fusing strength of an end piece in a valve moving push rod for internal combustion engines. The fusing part of the push rod according to the present invention consists of an .alpha.-martensite structure and a primary truestite structure in a cotransition boundary range of a segmental section formed into the hardened layer of the end piece from the fused boundary surface of the end piece with a tube end part and is provided with a tough mixed layer arcuated from the inside end part of the above mentioned fused boundary surface to the outside end part thereof. This mixed layer is obtained by reducing by a heat feeding means a quick temperature drop caused by the fusing part simultaneously with cutting off the fusing current in welding by electric resistance the end piece on the fixed side surface to the peripheral edge of the end port of a tube material.

Abstract: A connecting rod for reciprocating piston engines, especially axial cylinder-type reciprocating piston engines, with the connecting rod including a tubular shaft having hollow spherical shells mounted at the ends thereof. The tubular shaft and the hollow spherical shells are constructed from a sheet metal-like material and are joined to form a one-piece connecting rod body by way of welding joints. A lubricating tube is arranged within the tubular shaft and extends between the spherical shells so as to equalize the lubricant between surfaces of the hollow spherical shells.

Abstract: Metal stock is forged into a blank consisting of a rod-like shank joined at one end to the inner ends of a pair of forks having enlarged flattened outer ends projecting laterally of the forks in the same direction and provided with pin-receiving openings. One fork is aligned with the shank and the other fork extends laterally away from the shank and then outwardly, with its enlarged end projecting toward the other fork. Both forks are then twisted in the same direction to turn their flattened ends approximately 45.degree. into spaced parallel planes, and the longer fork is bent to move its flattened end into a position in which its opening is axially aligned with the opening in the other enlarged end.

Abstract: A piston crankshaft connecting rod includes a column having a piston wrist pin engaging bearing collar at one end and a crankpin engaging split bearing collar at the opposite end, the split collar being releaseably locked in assembled condition by a flexible metal band encircling the outer section of the split collar and either the split collar inner section or the full column including the wrist pin collar or another portion of the connecting rod. The band is longitudinally medially slotted at opposite ends and the separate arms are looped, the loops engaging pins on tapped and smooth bored coupling members engaged by a bolt so that contraction and separation between the band ends may be effected by turning the bolt. The inner split collar is integrallly formed with the column or is cradled in a saddle formed at the column end.

Abstract: The present shackle is especially constructed for securing a wing to the fuselage of an aircraft or of a spacecraft. For this purpose the elements of the shackle intended for taking up pressure and tensile forces as well as the elements providing the necessary structural stability are made of fiber compound materials such as carbon or boron fibers.

Abstract: A support arrangement for brake rods of railroad car brake rigging comprising a U-shaped support member suspended from the underside of the car, a slotted sleeve snap fitted on the brake rod and located to rest on the bight portion of the support member, with the slot facing upwardly, and a retainer member comprising a shank portion received in said slot and having its end portions extending beyond the ends of the sleeve and enlarged to embrace the upwardly facing side of the brake rod on either side of the sleeve slot, with the retainer member end portions being bonded to the brake rod. The sleeve is formed from an ultra high molecular weight polymer material that is of dry self-lubricating nature and resists adherence thereto of foreign materials and serves as a sound deadener and energy absorber. Such material is also characterized by its polishing action on the brake rod support surface it rides on to reform same to define a mirror finish that substantially inhibits further wear on the support during use.

Abstract: Electrostatic precipitators and other devices requiring vibration may be required to operate in high temperature environments, have a high dielectric strength, and withstand impacts that range into thousands of foot-pounds per second at a high repetition rate. In the present invention, a transmission or rapper rod is employed including tapered ends, that are too short to bottom in the corresponding mounting sleeves, and further including a pair of thin, malleable metallic shims between the tapered ends and the sleeves acting to accommodate dimensional tolerances and distinct surface finishes, thereby eliminating fracture-inducing impacts.

Abstract: An arrangement for the reduction of stress in a connecting element having part of fiber-reinforced plastic. The fiber-reinforced plastic part is subject to being stressed by longitudinal and/or bending forces. A bush is retained by an appropriate retaining element. Disposed around the bush is a fiber-reinforced plastic part forming an end loop. An inner loop is formed within the outer loop with the outer curved boundary of the inner loop bearing on the bush. In a first embodiment, the inner loop is disposed completely within inner side walls of side portions of the end loop. In second and third embodiments, the inner loop penetrates the side portions of the end loop in a laminar or braided arrangement.

Abstract: A construction of the separating surfaces of a split bearing with bores for receiving the cover bolts, in which two adjacent separating surfaces of different bearing parts are inclined to one another when the bearing bolts are not yet tightened, in such a manner that these surfaces subtend an angle of relatively slight magnitude, as viewed in cross section.

Abstract: A tie bar or flexible coupling particularly adapted to interconnect a helicopter rotor arm and a rotor blade is provided with a pair of spaced-apart end bushings connected by an endless belt which belt is defined by a plurality of spaced-apart parallel wires suitably integrated by a polyurethane adhesive. A pair of spaced-apart annular clips located between the end bushings surround the belt and draw opposite sides of the belt inwardly toward an axis extending through the end bushings about which axis the tie bar is adapted to twist under load. Opposing surfaces of each clip against which the belt sides bear are curved to form convex bearing surfaces causing the belt sides to assume a corresponding convex shape thereby deflecting the outer or edge wires less than the inner or center wires resulting in a lower tensile force imposed on the outer or edge wires than the inner or center wires during twisting motion of the belt about the axis thereof.

Abstract: A crank mechanism for imparting reciprocal lineal movement to a member through forward and reverse strokes, and providing dwell periods for the member at each end of its stroke. The crank mechanism comprises a rotatable crank shaft for rotatably driving an eccentrically mounted crank pin which imparts reciprocal movement to a member via a connecting rod. A cam is provided for altering the throw between the axes of the crank pin and crank shaft at each end of the stroke of the member to provide dwell periods for the member in such positions.