Abstract: A connecting rod for changing a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine includes a connecting rod head, a connecting rod pin, and an interlock. The connecting rod pin is supported by an eccentric of the connecting rod at a variable distance within the connecting rod head. The connecting rod head or the connecting rod pin includes a fluid chamber and the eccentric has a projection extending into the fluid chamber. In the alternative, the eccentric delimits a fluid chamber and the connecting rod head or the eccentric has a projection extending into in the fluid chamber. A fluid pressure in the fluid chamber exerts a force on the projection to change the position of the eccentric. In a locking position, the interlock inhibits rotation of the eccentric relative to the connecting rod head and the interlock is configured to be releasable.

Abstract: A crankshaft in which vibrations can be damped effectively without changing a design of a crankcase. The crankshaft comprises a first crank section located at one end of the crankshaft, and a second crank section located at the other end of the crankshaft. In the first crank section, a mass of a first inner balance weight is greater than a mass of a first outer balance weight. In the second crank section, a mass of a second inner balance weight is greater than a mass of a second outer balance weight.

Abstract: A non-heat treated steel bar according to the present disclosure has a chemical composition consisting of, in mass percent, C: 0.39 to 0.55%, Si: 0.10 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.50%, P: 0.010 to 0.100%, S: 0.040 to 0.130%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.50%, V: 0.05 to 0.40%, Ti: 0.10% to 0.25%, Al: 0.003 to 0.100%, and N: 0.020% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfying Formula (1). A number density of Al2O3-based inclusions in each of which Al2O3 is contained at 70.0% or more in mass % and ?AREA is not less than 3 ?m is 0.05 to 1.00/mm2. 0.60?C+0.2Mn+0.25Cr+0.75V+0.81Mo?1.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for cooling a piston arranged within a cylinder of an engine. Oil received from a connecting rod bearing and crank journal interface may be continuously transferred via an internal conduit in a connecting rod coupled to the piston wherein the internal conduit is formed within a hollow flange of the connecting rod. The oil may then be sprayed in a continuous manner via an external nozzle to an underside of the piston, enabling continuous piston cooling as the piston travels from a top-dead-center (TDC) position to a bottom-dead-center position (BDC) and back.

Abstract: A Knife attachment arrangement for oscillatingly driven mower knives, including a shaft (1) defining a first longitudinal axis (X) and having a receiving space (4) and a mower knife drive pin (2) engaging in the receiving space (4) and being detachably connected to the shaft (1). A head bearing holding area (13) of the mower knife drive pin (2) engages in the receiving space (4) and has a first contact face (14) that is in contact with the first support face (6) and is curved opposite to the first support face (6). An undercut (8) is formed in the wall (5) delimiting the receiving space (4) and the head bearing holding area (13) of the mower knife drive pin (2) has a collar (16) engaging in the undercut (8), wherein the undercut is formed as a groove (8) in the wall (5), the groove (8) extends radially with respect to the second longitudinal axis (Y).

Abstract: A method of laser hardening a surface area of a workpiece, such as a surface of a journal of a crankshaft, includes the step of: generating a relative movement between the surface of the workpiece and a laser source to allow a laser spot to subsequently be projected onto different portions of said surface area. The method also includes the step of repetitively scanning the laser beam so as to produce a two-dimensional equivalent effective laser spot on said surface area, during the relative movement. The scanning pattern can include at least three substantially parallel lines which the laser spot follows in a certain order. When the workpiece includes several journals having different widths, two laser sources may be used to harden the surface area of the wider journals.

Abstract: A hydraulic camshaft adjuster (1) of the vane cell type is provided, including: a stator (4) that is set up for non-rotatable connection to an inner shaft (2) of a double camshaft (3), wherein a connecting element (5) for non-rotatable accommodation of the inner shaft (2) is accommodated in the stator (4) in a form-locking manner; and including a rotor (7) which is rotatable relative to the stator (4) and which is set up for non-rotatable connection to an outer shaft (6) of the double camshaft (3), wherein the connecting element (5) is accommodated in the stator (4) with clearance for compensating axial tolerances and/or a relative tilting of the shafts (2, 6) in an operating state of the camshaft adjuster (1). A valve drive unit (11) including such a camshaft adjuster (1) is also provided.

Abstract: A piston cylinder arrangement for an air compressor including a cylinder, a connecting rod having a wrist pin receiving end, a wrist pin provided in the wrist pin receiving end of the connecting rod, and a piston provided on the connecting rod via the wrist pin and positioned within the cylinder. At least one passageway may be defined in the wrist pin to permit air to flow into the wrist pin from the cylinder.

Abstract: An articulated device includes a rivet assembly for connecting first and second linkage assembly support arms together at common ends thereof. The rivet assembly includes a blind rivet having a rivet sleeve and a mandrel shaft with a mandrel head. The rivet sleeve and the mandrel shaft extend through first and second bearing holes in the common ends with the mandrel head being on the first arm adjacent to the first bearing hole. The rivet sleeve has a rivet sleeve head on the second arm adjacent to the second bearing hole. The rivet assembly includes a bearing sleeve extending between the rivet sleeve and the bearing holes. The bearing sleeve has a collar-type stop and a shoulder-type shaft stop with the collar-type stop lying against the first arm and the shoulder-type shaft stop lying against the mandrel head. The bearing sleeve has a ring-shaped stop adjacent the rivet sleeve head.

Abstract: A crankshaft structure includes a crank pin section, a crank journal section, and a counter weight section arranged between the crank pin section and the crank journal section in a direction of a crankshaft. A crank arm section connecting the crank pin section and the crank journal section is formed with each of lateral edge portions extending substantially along a circumscribed tangential line connecting a base of the crank pin section and a base of the crank journal section when viewed in the direction of the crankshaft. Each of the lateral edge portions of the crank arm section includes an edge groove having a length extending between a central axis of the crank pin section and a central axis of the crank journal section when viewed in a direction to cross the crankshaft. The edge groove has a groove bottom portion formed between two reinforcing ribs.

Abstract: A crankshaft and method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The crankshaft may comprise a web and a rod journal disposed adjacent to the web. The rod journal includes a fillet disposed proximal to the web. The fillet includes a tapered undercut having a concave shape with a graduated depth. The undercut is defined by a sweep angle and an offset angle.

Abstract: A crankshaft includes a coupling portion, a first functional portion, and a second functional portion. The coupling portion is coupled to a connecting rod. The first functional portion is provided on an upper portion of the crankshaft protruding from a crankcase. The first functional portion drives a first functional component. The second functional portion is provided on a lower portion of the crankshaft protruding from the crankcase. The second functional portion drives a second functional component. The entire crankshaft has been processed by a first treatment to at least enhance the corrosion resistance thereof. At least a coupling portion of the crankshaft has been processed by a second treatment to at least enhance the strength thereof. Neither of the first functional portion and the second functional portion has been processed by the second treatment.

Abstract: A crankshaft and method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The crankshaft may comprise a web and a rod journal disposed adjacent to the web. The rod journal includes a fillet disposed proximal to the web. The fillet includes a tapered undercut having a concave shape with a graduated depth. The undercut is defined by a sweep angle and an offset angle.

Abstract: In a crankshaft 200, one hole 213L formed in a crankpin 213 has a bottom surface having a larger area and a depth from a surface of the crankpin less than those of another hole 213M. In forming the hole 213L and the hole 213M, a preformed product 200 of the crankshaft having a shape smaller than that of a cavity is disposed in a die set and punches are simultaneously inserted into the crankpin 213. By this operation, the hole 213L and the hole 213M are simultaneously formed in each crankpin 213 of the preformed product 200.

Abstract: A piston-powered internal explosion engine for providing power output through a rotating crankshaft. The engine includes an engine block having power cylinders for receiving working pistons, bearing means for supporting the crankshaft, and a crankshaft supported within the bearing means having an output end extending outside of the engine block and a plurality of offset power cranks. The engine includes connecting rods operably coupled to the power cranks and configured to transfer power from the working pistons to rotate the crankshaft, and working pistons that are received into the power cylinders and operably coupled to the power cranks. Each working piston has a head end positioned adjacent to a cylinder head to form a compression chamber and is configured to receive power from an explosion of a compressed volume located within the compression chamber, and to transfer the received power to the connecting rods.

Abstract: An apparatus for rotating a crankshaft is described. The crankshaft includes a main shaft and an axially offset crank pin with each end of the crank pin connected to the main shaft by a respective crank arm. The apparatus includes at least a first piston. A connecting frame is attached to the first piston, and the first piston is configured to alternately drive the connecting frame in reciprocating motion. A hub is rotatably mounted within the connecting frame with the hub defining a channel therein, and the crank pin is disposed within the channel. The apparatus also includes a locking mechanism that has a locked state in which the hub is prevented by the locking mechanism from rotating within the connecting frame and has an unlocked state in which the hub may freely rotate within the connecting frame.

Abstract: A crank drive has a crankshaft having at least one crank pin having a bearing surface with a concavely curved shape in a longitudinal crankshaft section and a conrod having a big end fitted to the crank pin and having a bearing surface with a convex shape in contact with the concave shape of the bearing surface of the crank pin in a load-bearing area that transmits forces acting between the big end of the conrod and the crank pin when the drive is in use. The shapes of the bearing surfaces are in accordance with the principle of uniformly distributed stresses such that essentially the same equivalent stress is distributed overall in the bearing surfaces in time average.

Abstract: There is provided an induction hardening steel excellent in quenching crack resistance. The induction hardening steel of the present embodiment includes, by mass percent, C: 0.35 to 0.6%, Si: at least 0.01% and less than 0.40%, Mn: 1.0 to 2.0%, S: more than 0.010% and at most 0.05%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.5%, Al: 0.001 to 0.05%, N: Ti/3.4 to 0.02%, and Ti: 0.005 to 0.05%, the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfies the following formula (1): 2S-3Ti<0.040??(1) where, into each element symbol in formula (1), the content (mass %) of the corresponding element is substituted.

Abstract: A crankshaft has a receiving platform for catching lubricant dropping from a main bearing assembly. The receiving platform has at least one wall disposed thereon. The wall has one point that is the furthest from the rotational axis of the crankshaft. One channel is defined in the platform and has an inlet disposed close to the point of the wall that is furthest from the rotational axis of the crankshaft. The channel has an outlet in the vicinity of a connecting rod bearing assembly, so that lubricant dropped on the receiving platform will flow to the connecting rod bearing assembly.

Abstract: An engine structure having a conjugate cam assembly is provided and includes a piston which can be used to push or pulled by the conjugate cam assembly mounted on a camshaft through a connection rod, a roller rocker and two rollers. The conjugate cam assembly has two cams with cam profiles and relative arrangement angle which can be varied according to actual operational desire, so as to vary the ratio of intake/exhaust strokes and the ratio of compression/power strokes. Thus, the combustion efficiency and the exhaustion efficiency can be enhanced. When the camshaft finishes four strokes of an operational cycle, the camshaft only rotates one circle (i.e. 360 degree), so that the rotation speed of the camshaft can be lowered.

Abstract: An integrally cast four-stroke engine mono-block (10) includes integrally cast cylinder block (20), cylinder head (40), and portion of a crankcase (30) including crankcase 10 outboard and inboard walls (89, 90). At least parts of outer and inner bearing bosses (21a, 21b) are integrally cast with the cylinder block (20) with the inner bearing boss (21b) integrally cast in the inboard wall (90). At least one cored out longitudinally extending open valve 15 train chamber (88) is disposed between the outboard wall (89) and the cast cylinder block (20).

Abstract: A crankshaft flange protector comprising a cover having a top wall, a bottom wall and a sidewall, the top wall having a recessed portion formed of an interior sidewall and a recessed portion bottom wall sized to correspondingly receive and support the crankshaft flange therein.

Abstract: A bearing apparatus for including a camshaft, a plurality of cam blocks disposed in an axial direction on the camshaft, a housing member including an arc concave portion, a cap member which is fixed to the housing and includes an arc concave portion, a roller bearing interposed between the arc concave portion of the housing member and the arc concave portion of the cap member so as to rotatably support the camshaft, and annular first and second control rings which are separately provided from the camshaft, and are press-fitted and fixed to an outer surface of the camshaft at opposite side portions of the roller bearing in the axial direction. Surfaces of the first and second rings that face each other are formed as slide surfaces, and the slide surfaces come in contact with opposite side surfaces of at least one of the housing member and the cap member to receive an axial load.

Abstract: A crankshaft is cast in a mold to define a plurality of pin bearing journals and a plurality of main bearing journals, at least one of each has a hollow section extending therethrough. A single core is positioned within the mold to form all of the hollow sections. The single core may include a cross-section defining an elliptical shape to form hollow sections having an elliptical cross-sectional shape to further reduce the weight of the crankshaft. The hollow sections are each positioned along a path that minimizes stress within the crankshaft. The path may include a non-linear path relative to a longitudinal axis of the crankshaft or a linear path angled relative to the longitudinal axis to bend or direct the hollow sections away from high stress regions of the crankshaft. The non-circular cross section of the core may spiral about its own axis to maximize mass reduction.

Abstract: A crank for a valve linkage system includes a pin sleeve having a bore for receiving a connecting pin to connect the crank to a link; a shaft sleeve having a bore for receiving a shaft; an arm between the pin bore and shaft sleeve; and a first stiffening rib extending from the shaft sleeve toward the pin bore.

Abstract: A filler member to be installed in a crankshaft including a crank web includes: an arm member, extending in a diametrical direction of a crank journal, and a weight member extending in a radial direction of the crank journal. The filler member includes: a fitting member, a connecting member mounted on the bodies. The fitting member is fixed to an outer side face of the crank web. The connecting member is mounted on the bodies to stride the arm member on inner side face of the crank web.

Abstract: A crankshaft is cast in a mold to define a plurality of pin bearing journals and a plurality of main bearing journals, at least one of each has a hollow section extending therethrough. A single core is positioned within the mold to form all of the hollow sections. The single core may include a cross-section defining an elliptical shape to form hollow sections having an elliptical cross-sectional shape to further reduce the weight of the crankshaft. The hollow sections are each positioned along a path that minimizes stress within the crankshaft. The path may include a non-linear path relative to a longitudinal axis of the crankshaft or a linear path angled relative to the longitudinal axis to bend or direct the hollow sections away from high stress regions of the crankshaft. The non-circular cross section of the core may spiral about its own axis to maximize mass reduction.

Abstract: To provide a forged crankshaft having an excellent wear resistance. The forged crankshaft according to the present embodiment includes a non-heat treated steel material. The non-heat treated steel material has a chemical composition which contains, by mass %, C: 0.45 to 0.70%, Si: 0.75 to 1.30%, Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%, S: 0.03 to 0.30%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30%, Al: 0.005 to 0.050%, and N: 0.005 to 0.020%, the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfies the following Formula (1): 1.1C+Mn+0.2Cr>2.0 ??(1) where a symbol of each element in Formula (1) is substituted by the content (mass %) of the each element. A matrix of the non-heat treated steel material is a ferrite-pearlite microstructure in which an area ratio of pro-eutectoid ferrite is less than 10% or a pearlite microstructure.

Abstract: A kinematic system of movement for the clamping/pressing unit of a semifinished piece, that is to say of sheet metal or the like, of panelling machines, the kinematic system comprising a frame on which a presser unit is hinged to a pin and which is free to make angular movements around the pin, the presser unit consisting of elements v fixed to a head supporting the upper presser tool, the presser unit being moved angularly by at least one connecting rod driven by a first lower crank, in which the presser unit is driven by a second upper crank, the first and second crank defining an articulated mechanism, for driving the punch-presser unit, with two degrees of freedom in sequence that can be activated independently or simultaneously.

Abstract: An assembly includes a composite metal-polymer bushing having an outer metal layer with an inner surface, metal particles sintered to the inner surface, a polymer material between the metal particles, a finished interior surface collectively defined by the polymer material and exposed portions of the metal particles, a plurality of interstices formed between the metal particles and the polymer material, and a plurality of ridges defined by the polymer material that protrude above the metal particles. The ridges occupy at least about 8% of the area of a cylindrical reference surface nominally coinciding with the finished interior surface. The assembly also includes a crankshaft having a journal at least partially received within the bushing and supported by the finished interior surface. The journal is polished to a surface finish of about 0.1 microns or less to reduce a wear rate of the bushing.

Abstract: The utility model relates to a technical field of eccentric structure, which is about an eccentric component and a cleaning brush. The eccentric component comprise of: an axle and a cylinder connected coaxially with such axle, a wedge is set eccentrically on a bottom surface of the cylinder. Said wedge has a convex curved cylindrical surface. The utility model can improve the antiwear property of the eccentric component and prolong its service life through the convex cruved cylindrical surface, which applies the force by linear contact onto the driving block on the application end to make it move reciprocatingly.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a piston reciprocating in a cylinder between TDC and BDC positions to influence a drive shaft. The drive shaft is associated with an expandable piston rod extension which in turn attaches to a piston rod to connect the piston with the drive shaft. The piston rod extension's length may increase and decrease in accordance with the angular position of the drive shaft. The increasing and decreasing length is governed by a guide pin which travels within a channel formed by a portion of the engine block. Increasing the length of the piston rod extension during the power phase of the engine increases the available torque of the engine without any alteration of the displacement. The assembly may also include a counterweight, which itself may travel along an eccentric path generally equal and opposite to the eccentric path along which the piston rod extension guide travels.

Abstract: An engine assembly may include an engine structure and a crankshaft. The engine structure may include an engine block defining a first bank of cylinders defining two cylinders and a second bank of cylinders defining two cylinders forming a V4 arrangement. The crankshaft may include a first crank pin, a second crank pin, a third crank pin and a fourth crank. The fourth crank pin may be rotationally offset from the first crank pin by a first angle of less than two hundred and seventy degrees in the rotational direction of the crankshaft. The second and third crank pins may be located rotationally between the first crank pin and the fourth crank pin in the rotational direction.

Abstract: A crankshaft has a receiving platform for catching lubricant dropping from a main bearing assembly. The receiving platform has at least one wall disposed thereon. The wall has one point that is the furthest from the rotational axis of the crankshaft. One channel is defined in the platform and has an inlet disposed close to the point of the wall that is furthest from the rotational axis of the crankshaft. The channel has an outlet in the vicinity of a connecting rod bearing assembly, so that lubricant dropped on the receiving platform will flow to the connecting rod bearing assembly.

Abstract: A wrist pin and method of reducing wear between members thereof, a piston, a connecting rod, and methods of construction thereof are provided. The wrist pin has a first portion extending between opposite ends configured for receipt in piston pin bores and a second portion extending between opposite ends configured for receipt in the pin bores. The second portion is configured for relative movement with the first portion. The piston includes a piston body having axially aligned pin bores, wherein at least one of the pin bores has a feature to prevent relative rotation of a wrist pin member. The connecting rod includes a connecting rod body having small end bore. The small end bore has a contour to allow relative rotation of a first wrist pin member therein and a feature to prevent relative rotation of a second wrist pin member therein.

Abstract: The Internal-Combustion Engine is set forth, in which when in use there is no lateral component of the force on the piston which is taken up by the slider rolling by the bearings. As a result of this the cylinder compression is improved, power losses on friction are reduced and wear out of the cylinder is decreased. Also due to the absence of the lateral component of the force on the piston, the latter can be made in a relieved version, e.g. without a skirt and with two compressing rings in one groove.

Abstract: A four-stroke, piston-powered internal explosion (“IE”) engine for providing power output through a rotating crankshaft. The IE engine includes an engine block having power cylinders formed therein for receiving working pistons, bearing means for supporting the crankshaft, and a crankshaft supported within the bearing means having an output end extending outside of the engine block and a plurality of offset power cranks. The IE engine further includes connecting rods operably coupled to the power cranks and configured to transfer power from the working pistons to rotate the crankshaft, and working pistons that are received into the power cylinders and operably coupled to the power cranks. Each working piston has a head end positioned adjacent to a cylinder head to form a compression chamber and is configured to receive power from an explosion of a compressed volume of air/fuel mixture located within the compression chamber, and to transfer the received power to the connecting rods.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder engine with a plurality of cylinders may include at least one variable cylinder that performs a power stroke or is deactivated, normal cylinders that perform power strokes at equal rotation intervals, and a control portion that activates or deactivates the at least one variable cylinder according to a predetermined load condition, wherein deactivation position of the at least one variable cylinder is determined based on rotation angle of a crankshaft.

Abstract: Aluminum-based alloys for casting or wrought processing having improved combinations of properties, including improved high temperature strength, are provided. The alloys generally comprise copper, magnesium, silver, and titanium, along with scandium and/or cobalt. Zirconium, zinc, and/or vanadium may also optionally be present in the alloy. When cobalt is present in the alloy, nickel may also optionally be present. Cast and wrought products, as well as methods of making the same using the alloys, are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a crankshaft 200, one hole 213L formed in a crankpin 213 has a bottom surface having a larger area and a depth from a surface of the crankpin less than those of another hole 213M. In forming the hole 213L and the hole 213M, a preformed product 200 of the crankshaft having a shape smaller than that of a cavity is disposed in a die set and punches are simultaneously inserted into the crankpin 213. By this operation, the hole 213L and the hole 213M are simultaneously formed in each crankpin 213 of the preformed product 200.

Abstract: Reciprocating powered driven engine having a piston with multiplier connecting rods, driving multiplier crankshafts. Maximum crankshaft torque output positioned closer to the detonation timing and piston “top dead center” when cylinder above piston volume is at a lower value. Reduced engine friction losses by canceling piston side forces with the use of multiplier crankshafts positioned in offset and mirror image from piston and cylinder center line.

Abstract: The epicyclical drive incorporates a dual flywheel carrying a pinion in a balanced axially compact assembly. The assembly includes a counterweight for the pinion nested between the flywheels, which also connects the flywheels and transfers loading conditions therebetween, to reduce and distribute torsional and eccentric loading conditions and reduce vibrations. The use of a second flywheel also provides an improved rotary seal capability for keeping out dust, debris and moisture. The drive is adapted for incorporation into a floor of a header of an agricultural harvesting machine for reciprocatingly driving a sickle thereof, advantageously jointly with a mirror image companion drive in a side by side relationship and timed such that forces generated by the reciprocating actions are cancelled.

Abstract: A single bell crank for a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine or a compressor includes a single bell crank main journal (5, 28, 39) and a crank pin (21, 31, 46), wherein the crank pin (21, 31, 46) is vertical to the single bell crank main journal (5, 28, 39) and extends out, the axis of the crank pin (21, 31, 46) is offset relative to that of the single bell crank main journal (5, 28, 39), the front end of the crank pin (21, 31, 46) is tapered, at least one first positioning half hole (10-1) is provided on the circumference of the end face of the tapered end (9) and can match with a second positioning half hole (10-02) in a crank to form a positioning pin hole.

Abstract: A nitrocarburized crankshaft member made of a steel that includes C in an amount by weight of 0.25 to 0.32% as a required element and an optional element that may be included, and Fe and inevitable impurities in a remaining portion. The steel-made crankshaft member mainly includes ferrite and perlite, wherein at least a portion of the steel surface thereof having a ferrite surface area of 50% or greater is imparted with a nitrocarburized hard layer. The nitrocarburized hard layer includes a surface compound layer suppressed to a thickness of 10 to 35 ?m, and a nitrogen diffusion zone below the surface compound layer having a diffusion depth of 700 ?m or greater. The steel includes C, Si, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Cr as the required elements and Mo, N, s-Al, and Ti as the optional elements.

Abstract: An apparatus (30) for metal forging a crankshaft (100) having a plurality of throws (6, 7, 8, 9) having parallel axes (31, 32, 33, 34) comprises an upper die (40) and a lower die (50) each having cavities defining a negative shape of a corresponding half of the crankshaft (100). The two dies (40, 50) have mating surfaces (62, 63, 64, 65) lying on different parallel planes. A metal forged crankshaft (100) forged by such apparatus (30) comprises a plurality of throws (6, 7, 8, 9) having parallel throw axes (31, 32, 33, 34) lying in a same plane of symmetry (41) and split-lines (17, 18, 19, 20) from the forging process lying in planes (42, 43) substantially orthogonal to said plane of symmetry (41).

Abstract: A method is provided for cold forming center web or webless tapered piston pins in one forming sequence. The method eliminates secondary operations such as but not limited to machining, annealing, coating and secondary forming. The method includes the steps of cutting a metal rod into a substantially cylindrical slug piece, die extruding the slug piece to form a first cavity in the slug piece, optionally die extruding the slug piece to form a second cavity in the slug piece, piercing the slug piece to form the slug piece into a hollow cylindrical piece, die extruding the hollow cylindrical piece at either end to form a hollow cylindrical piece having a taper on an internal surface of the hollow cylindrical piece at either end.

Abstract: A bearing system can reduce the relative velocity between a bearing member and a rotation shaft and a rotating member to decrease a load on the bearing member although the rotation shaft and the rotating member rotate in opposite directions with the bearing member therebetween. The bearing system includes a case and a rotation shaft supported by the case. A rotating member is disposed coaxially outside the rotation shaft and rotates in the direction opposite to that of the rotation shaft. A housing is interposed between the rotation shaft and the rotating member and is fixed to the case. A bearing member that rotatably supports the rotating member is interposed between the housing and the rotating member.

Abstract: A rotary compressor, in which formulas Rc<Rm+e and RC?Rs+e are established, when the radius of a main shaft is Rm, the radius of a countershaft is Rs, the radius of a crankshaft is Rc, and the eccentricity is e, a connecting part has a A-periphery which is formed on the counter-eccentric side periphery of the second crankshaft, and a B-periphery formed on the counter-eccentric side periphery of a first crankshaft, and a formula H>L?H?Cr?Cs is established, when the axial direction of the connecting part is L, the axial length of the first roller is H, the axial length of a bevel formed at the inside edge of the first roller is Cr, and the axial direction of a bevel of the second crankshaft is Cs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft member having high fatigue strength and good bending correctability, and its method of manufacture. The steel made crankshaft member mainly consists of a two-phase structure of ferrite and perlite. The steel includes C, Ni, Mn, and Cr as required elements and Si, Cu, Mo, Ti, V, Nb, Ca, and S as optional elements that may be included, in the amounts of C within the range of 0.20 to 0.50 wt %, Si within the range of 0 to 0.6 wt %, Mn within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 wt %, Cu within the range of 0 to 0.7 wt %, Ni within the range of 0.05 to 1.5 wt %, Cr within the range of 0.05 to 0.45 wt %, and Mo within the range of 0 to 0.5 wt % to satisfy the condition 115?70 C+8 Si+23 Mn+11 Cu+128 Cr+83 Mo?50. A portion of the member surface is provided at least with a hard nitride layer having an average hardness within the range of 300 to 450 HV. Lamellar spacing of the perlite is 0.3 ?m or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device comprising a crankshaft (100) and least one conrod (200) having a big end (202) mounted on a crank pin (102) of the crankshaft (100). The crank pin (102) and the big end (201) of the conrod (200) comprise bearing surfaces (108, 202) which are in close contact to one another in a load-bearing area that bear the forces acting between the big end (201) of the conrod and crank pink (102) when the device is operated. According to the invention the bearing surface (108) of the crank pin (102) in its load-bearing area features a concavely curved profile in the longitudinal shaft section and the bearing surface of the big end (201) features a convex profile being in close contact with the concave profile of the crank pin (102).