Abstract: A method and system for operating a seal gas compressor utilized in a direct reduction process including: monitoring a pH level of a water stream used in the seal gas compressor, wherein the pH level of the water stream is affected by a reformer flue gas stream that comes into contact with the water stream, wherein the monitoring step is carried out one or more of upstream of the seal gas compressor and downstream of the compressor; and adjusting the pH level of the water stream to maintain the pH level of the water stream within a predetermined range based on feedback from the monitoring step. The method includes maintaining the pH level of the water stream upstream of the seal gas compressor in a range between 7.5 and 10 and maintaining the pH level of the water stream downstream of the seal gas compressor in a range between 7.8 and 9.5.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem, in methods for producing a metal or alloy by reducing a mixture that contains an oxide ore, of providing an oxide ore smelting method with good productivity and efficiency. The present invention is an oxide ore smelting method for producing a metal or alloy by reducing a mixture that contains an oxide ore, the method comprising at least: a mixing step S1 for mixing an oxide ore with a carbonaceous reducing agent; a mixture-molding step S2 for molding the mixture obtained to obtain a mixture-molded body; and a reducing step S3 for heating the mixture-molded body obtained at a specified reducing temperature in a reducing furnace.

Abstract: A cored wire for refining molten metal includes a reactive core material that is in the form of a solid rod. A non-reactive particulate material radially surrounds the solid core material, and an exterior metal jacket radially surrounds the particulate material. The particulate material may include wood or other material that when introduced into the molten metal, undergoes thermal decomposition to release carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, or combinations thereof as a shroud around the core material.

Abstract: A molten metal refining wire is disclosed which comprises a metal sheath encapsulating a core of refining material, wherein the core is sealed within the sheath in a fluid-tight manner and wherein the thickness of the sheath is greater than about 0.6 mm. The core refining material apparent density ratio is at least about 95% of the theoretical solid core equivalent. The core refining material comprises calcium metal and silicon metal. A method of manufacturing a molten refining wire is also disclosed.

Abstract: A copper alloy casting with excellent machinability, strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance contains Sn: 0.5 to 15 mass %; Zr: 0.001 to 0.049 mass %; P: 0.01 to 0.35 mass %; one or more elements selected from Pb: 0.01 to 15 mass %, Bi: 0.01 to 15 mass %, Se: 0.01 to 1.2 mass %, and Te: 0.05 to 1.2 mass %; and Cu: 73 mass % or more serving as a remainder. In this case, f1=[P]/[Zr]=0.5 to 100, f2=3[Sn]/[Zr]=300 to 15000, and f3=3[Sn]/[P]=40 to 2500 (the content of an element ‘a’ is expressed as [a] mass %). The total content of ?, ? and ?-phases is 95% or more, and the mean grain size is 300 ?m or less.

Abstract: A cored wire for introducing additive into a bath of liquid steel, of the type comprising a metal sheath surrounding said additive, characterized in that said additive predominantly comprises calcium silicate. A process for manufacturing a resulfurized steel, characterized in that it comprises a step of introducing, into the bath of liquid steel, such a cored wire.

Abstract: A molten metal refining wire is disclosed which comprises a metal sheath encapsulating a core of refining material, wherein the core is sealed within the sheath in a fluid-tight manner and wherein the thickness of the sheath is greater than about 0.6 mm. The core refining material apparent density ratio is at least about 95% of the theoretical solid core equivalent. The core refining material comprises calcium metal and silicon metal. A method of manufacturing a molten refining wire is also disclosed.

Abstract: Powder which is for a flux-cored wire intended to become alloyed with a molten metal bath and which is formed by particles composed with at least 95% of sulphur, characterised in that its granulometric population is defined by: ?1 ?m?d10?340 ?m; ?200 ?m d50?2000 ?m; ?500 ?m d90?2900 ?m. Sulphur-based flux-cored wire, characterised in that it contains the preceding powder, and in that the compaction rate of the powder within the wire is greater than or equal to 85%. Method for producing a sulphur-based flux-cored wire for alloying with molten metal baths.

Abstract: A cored wire for introducing additive into a bath of liquid steel, of the type comprising a metal sheath surrounding said additive, characterized in that said additive predominantly comprises calcium silicate. A process for manufacturing a resulfurized steel, characterized in that it comprises a step of introducing, into the bath of liquid steel, such a cored wire.

Abstract: Powder which is for a flux-cored wire intended to become alloyed with a molten metal bath and which is formed by particles composed with at least 95% of sulphur, characterised in that its granulometric population is defined by: —1 ?m?d10?340 ?m; —200 ?m d50?2000 ?m; —500 ?m d90?2900 ?m. Sulphur-based flux-cored wire, characterised in that it contains the preceding powder, and in that the compaction rate of the powder within the wire is greater than or equal to 85%. Method for producing a sulphur-based flux-cored wire for alloying with molten metal baths.

Abstract: A cored reactive metal wire is formed by gathering at least three strands of continuously fed elongated reactive metal wires into a bundle and aligning the bundle of wires with a continuously fed sheet of metal sheath. The bundle of wires is then compacted into a generally cylindrical shape and clad with the sheet of metal sheath whereby the compacted bundle of reactive metal wires form a core of the cored wire in which the core has a substantially larger diameter than each of the strands of continuously fed elongated reactive metal wires.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an additive in the form of flux-cored wire for treating baths of liquid steel with a view to obtaining steels having a high lead content. The additive comprising metallic lead and/or one or more lead alloys according to the invention for treating baths of liquid steel, and is in the form of flex-cored wire composed of a metal sheath and a finely divided filling material, the latter being composed of a powder of metallic lead and/or of lead alloy and of a powder containing a material capable of releasing a gas, which is inert with respect to the liquid steel, at the temperature of the liquid steel bath. Characteristically, the powder of metallic lead and/or of lead alloy includes a particle size fraction GR between 200 ?m and 500 ?m and the particle size fraction GR has the following characteristics: —through a 200 ?m sieve: GR<5%; —through a 300 & ?m sieve: 90% 3GR3 10%; —through a 400 ?m sieve: 40% £ GR<100%; —through a 500 ?m sieve: 100% 3GR3 90%.

Abstract: A high dimensional cored wire is provided containing de-oxidant material arranged in a core of the wire, the de-oxidant material being in finely divided granular or powdery form coated with a protective coating material, the diameter of the the cored wire varying between 13 and 40 mm. A process for manufacturing the wire is also provided.

Abstract: A molten metal refining wire (11) comprises a metal sheath (12) encapsulating a core (14) of refining material, such as pure calcium powder, wherein the core (14) is sealed within the sheath (12) in a fluid-tight manner. A corresponding method of manufacturing the molten metal refining wire (11) is disclosed, as well as a method of refining molten metal by injecting the refining wire (11) into the molten metal.

Abstract: A chromium-free welding consumable and a method of welding stainless steel to reduce the presence of chromium emissions. The consumable is made from an alloy that reduces the emission of chromium during a welding process, and include predominantly nickel, with between approximately five and twenty five percent by weight copper, up to approximately five percent by weight of palladium, up to approximately ten percent by weight of molybdenum and up to five percent non-copper alloying ingredients. Welding consumables made from the alloy are particularly well-suited for welding austenitic stainless steels, such as type 304 stainless steel. The method involves using chromium-free weld filler material with a stainless steel base material.

Abstract: A method of applying flux to molten metal. A heat insulating shell comprises a porous ceramic fibrous refractory material. The shell includes an opening therein. A fluxing material is poured into the shell through the opening and is bonded thereto. The shell with the fluxing material therein is then exposed to molten metal in a casting mold. Only the portion of the fluxing material closest to the opening is exposed to the molten metal. The remainder of the interior fluxing material is thermally insulated from the heat of the exterior molten metal. That portion of the fluxing material that is exposed to the molten metal melts and escapes into the molten metal. Thus, the method provides for applying flux to molten metal in a controlled time release manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cored wire for introducing additives into a molten metal bath comprising a metallic sheath (5) containing an additive (6), which metallic sheath is covered by a wrapping (7) which, being combustible without leaving harmful residues, momentarily retards the propagation of heat to the core of the cored wire, this cored wire being characterized in that on top of this combustible wrapping, a protective metallic casing encloses the assembly thus constituted by the additive, the metallic sheath and the combustible wrapping.

Abstract: A tool or fluxing head for fluxing molten metal that comprises a fluxing gas supply line that communicates with the interior of an inverted plunger cup providing a hollow interior into which refining agents and other additives that are to be introduced into a molten metal can be incorporated. In use, the fluxing head is introduced into a molten metal body with the plunger cup in the inverted position. The inverted plunger cup has a closed top at the point where the gas supply line enters and an open bottom that allows molten metal to enter the inverted cup to make contact with the refining agent or other additive. Apertures are provided in the wall of the inverted plunger cup to allow gas introduced therein to escape therefrom. According to a preferred embodiment, a porous layer is provided at the top of the inverted plunger cup to allow for the escape of gas into the molten metal through the porous layer.

Abstract: A cored wire consisting of an inner calcium wire surrounded by an aluminum sheath forming a composite core which in turn is encased in a steel jacket. The cored wire is formed continuously by covering an extruded calcium wire with aluminum then inserting the aluminum covered calcium wire into a steel jacket in a roll forming process. Also disclosed is a method of reducing splashing when introducing calcium metal into a molten ferrous metal bath.

Abstract: A method for producing an improved charging stock for use in further metallurgical processes including the steps of providing a source of molten metal of known composition, providing a source of solid particulate material of a known composition which is compatible with the molten metal, combining the molten metal source with the solid particulate material source to produce a combined stream and forming the combined stream into a plurality of uniformly sized metal billets for use in further metallurgical processes.

Abstract: A cored wire consisting of an inner calcium wire surrounded by an aluminum sheath forming a composite core which in turn is encased in a steel jacket. The cored wire is formed continuously by covering an extruded calcium wire with aluminum then inserting the aluminum covered calcium wire into a steel jacket in a roll forming process. Also disclosed is a method of reducing splashing when introducing calcium metal into a molten ferrous metal bath.

Abstract: A cored wire consisting of an inner calcium wire surrounded by an aluminum sheath forming a composite core which in turn is encased in a steel jacket. The cored wire is formed continuously by covering an extruded calcium wire with aluminum then inserting the aluminum covered calcium wire into a steel jacket in a roll forming process. Also disclosed is a method of reducing splashing when introducing calcium metal into a molten ferrous metal bath.

Abstract: A flux cored wire for welding duplex stainless steel, comprising a shell cored with a flux. The wire is good in pitting corrosion resistance and notch toughness. In the wire, the total of the shell and the flux comprises Cr, Mo and N in an amount of 21.0-26.0 wt %, 2.6-4.0 wt % and 0.08-0.30 wt %, respectively, of the total weight of the wire; the amounts of C, Bi and a metal inclusion having a melting point over 2000° C. are set up to 0.04 wt % or less, 0.015 wt %, and 0.1 wt %, respectively; the total amount of Ni powder and Fe powder is set up to 3.0 wt %; and a parameter A represented by [Cr]+3.3×[Mo]+16×[N]−150×[Bi] wherein [Cr], [Mo], [N] and [Bi] represent the contents of Cr, Mo, N and Bi, respectively, is from 33.0 to 43.0.

Abstract: A synthetic resin fuel for stable production of pig iron in a blast furnace. It is in the form of cylindrical pellets, each measuring X mm in thickness and Y mm in diameter, with X and Y satisfying the three expressions of 3.0≦X≦10, 2≦Y≦20, and Y/X≧1.5. The cylindrical pellets are produced by melting a resin, solidifying the melt, and cutting the solidified product. The cylindrical pellets should preferably contain more than 0.05 wt % of water. A process for producing pig iron in a blast furnace by blowing a synthetic resin fuel into a blast furnace through tuyeres, wherein said synthetic resin fuel is in the form of cylindrical pellets, each measuring X mm in thickness and Y mm in diameter, with X and Y satisfying the above-mentioned three expressions. The cylindrical pellets should preferably have a size distribution such that those having a diameter within ±20 % of the average diameter account for more than 70 wt %.

Abstract: A cored wire continuously formed by continuously inserting an extruded core inside a continuously roll formed sheath, the peripheral edges of the roll formed sheath joined by a continuous lock seam. Inspection of the partially formed lock seam at a designated process step serves to warn the user of malformed or defective lock seam portions in the finished cored wire.

Abstract: A method of introducing a denitrogenizing flux material into a container of molten metal includes steps of providing a wire-like vector that has an inner core of flux material and an outer layer that is used to contain the inner core, and using a wire feed machine to introduce the wire-like vector into a container of molten metal. In comparison with conventional top slag removal techniques, this process permits the material from which the inner core is made to be injected into the container of molten metal at a speed and direction that promotes a controlled mixing of the flux material and the molten metal.

Abstract: Compositions suitable for use as an inoculant for cast iron. The composition includes granules of intermetallic alloys selected from Al4Sr, Al2Sr, and AlSr. The composition consists essentially of 40 to 81 percent strontium by weight.

Abstract: An additive for the deoxidation of molten steel comprised of between 35 and 65 percent by weight aluminum, between 5 and 15 percent by weight silicon, and between 20 and 40 percent by weight manganese.

Abstract: A compacted steel powder in particulate form is used as an alloying additive for aluminum melts. The additive is in the form of a wafer which is smooth on one side and corrugated on the other side such that its thickness is 1 mm at the trough and 2-3 mm at the peak. The shape of the additive results in dissolution of the additive in the aluminum melts at an equivalent rate as compared to a conventional briquette.

Abstract: A feeder of a solid organometallic compound is obtained by filling a container up to 50-80 vol % of the total capacity of the container with stainless steel support whose pore ratio is adjusted to 50-80 vol % and then also filling it with solid granules of an organometallic compound which is solid at room temperature.

Abstract: A clean refractory metal sponge fines product is made from refractory metal sponge fines free of refractory metal oxides, carbides, nitrides and binary iron alloys; silicon carbide, oils, greases and organic compounds; salt; dust; dirt; pieces of iron, iron alloy and tungsten carbide; and light contaminants. The sponge fines are vigorously washed and rinsed with a displacement wash to remove the bulk of the wash fluid and subject to a counter-current wash to yield clean refractory metal sponge fines. The clean sponge fines can be pressed into briquettes and sintered at elevated pressures, or mixed with an alkali metal refractory metal halide slat, pressed at elevated pressures into sponge fines/salt briquettes and dried or pressed into briquettes, dried and packaged, or pressed into briquettes and stored wet. The briquettes are non-pyrophoric.

Abstract: An improved charging stock for steel production which facilitates earlier and more uniform carbon oxidation, and increases the rate of oxygen transport in the melt, comprises and iron-carbon alloy having silicon therein and an oxide-containing material. The iron-carbon alloy preferably has a ratio of carbon to silicon in the range of approximately 4-40:1. The ratio of oxide-containing material surface area to the weight of the iron-carbon alloy is preferably maintained in the range of 5-100 m.sup.2 /ton.

Abstract: A clean refractory metal SWARF particle product is made from refractory metal SWARF. The SWARF particles are produced with coolant at a temperature less than 650.degree. C. to prevent formation of refractory metal oxides and nitrides. The SWARF particles are comminuted to reduce the particle size of the SWARF slivers and to liberate residual coolant The comminuted SWARF slivers are washed with a displacement wash to remove the bulk of the coolant and subject to a counter current wash to remove substantially all of the coolant components to produce to clean SWARF particles. The clean SWARF particles can be pressed into briquettes and sintered at elevated pressures or mixed with an alkali metal refractory metal halide salt, pressed at elevated pressures into SWARF/soft briquettes and dried. The briquettes are non-pyrophoric.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flux cored wire for low alloy steels and high alloy steels which is excellent in arc stability and moisture absorption resistance of fume/slag. In this flux-cored wire, the flux components and the flux ratio are specified within the following ranges: namely, Na compound (Na.sub.2 O equivalent amount)+K compound (K.sub.2 O equivalent amount) (flux wt %): 1.5-6.0%; soluble Na compound (Na.sub.2 O equivalent amount) (flux wt %): 1.5% or less; soluble K compound (K.sub.2 O equivalent amount) (flux wt %): 0.8% or less; SiO.sub.2 (flux wt %): 5-30%; TiO.sub.2 +ZrO.sub.2 +Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 (flux wt %): 5-40%; flux ratio (wire wt %): 10-30%. Further, the flux components satisfy the formula of {soluble Na compound (Na.sub.2 O equivalent amount)+0.1.times.soluble K compound (K.sub.2 O equivalent amount)}/{SiO.sub.2 +0.5.times.(TiO.sub.2 +ZrO.sub.2 +Al.sub.2 O.sub.3)}: 40.times.10.sup.-3 or less. In addition, one or more kinds of a Li compound (Li.sub.2 O equivalent amount) and a Cs compound (Cs.sub.

Abstract: The invention concerns an agent for treating metal melts in the form of a cored wire comprising a metallic sheath of steel or iron and a filling which contains a compound that splits off gas at the temperature of the metal melt and is based on an organic polymer in amounts of 0.2 to 20 g per meter cored wire. The invention also concerns the use of the agent for homogenizing, refining and homogeneously cooling as well as alloying metal melts.

Abstract: A pulverulent insulating and purifying covering (3) for the surface of liquid metal (2) contained in a metallurgical receptacle (1), comprises a layer (4) which includes at least one metallic oxide of basic character, capable of reacting with oxide inclusions contained in the liquid metal. This layer (4) covers a first layer (5) in direct contact with the liquid metal and including also at least one such metallic oxide and additionally a flux (6) in a quantity sufficient to render fluid this first layer (5) under the influence of the heat of the liquid metal (2). The metallic oxide is selected from the group consisting of lime, magnesia, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, dolomite and a mixture thereof. Each layer (4, 5) includes a mixture of lime and magnesia. The first layer (5) in contact with the liquid metal (2) includes a substantial amount up to 30% by weight of flux, while layer (4) which covers the first layer (5) is substantially free from flux.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cored wire comprising a metal tube and a filling of magnesium or other pyrophoric metals passivated with from 0.5 to 5% by weight of organic nitrogen compounds. As the passivating agent, compounds from the series of the s-triazine and/or guanidine derivatives, preferably from 2 to 5% by weight of dicyandiamide, applied by means of an adhesion promoter, are preferred. The wires used in accordance with the invention serve to produce cast iron with spheroidal and vermicular graphite, to desulphurize pig iron melts or to produce metal alloys.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inoculation wire consisting of a hollow wire, containing powdered ferrosilicon, with a sheeth of steel, copper, nickel or aluminum alloy, for the production of cast iron with spheroidal graphite or vermicular graphite, wherein the filling contains 1 to 50% by volume of powdered magnesium silicide.

Abstract: A non-toxic, non-corrosive water-soluble flux for cored solders comprises citric acid. The flux of the invention produces solder joints of high metallic luster and excellent quality. Clean-up of flux residues is accomplished using only water.

Abstract: The method concerns the desulphurization of cast iron produced by a blast furnace, before it is converted to steel.In a first phase of the process the cast iron is treated with a desulphurizing compound such as Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3. A very long composite product with a tubular skin is then added to the cast iron. The product comprises an axial zone containing magnesium in powdered or granular form, and an annular zone, separated from the axial zone by an intermediate wall and containing a powdered or granular material. An inert gas could then be injected and a clearing operation carried out.