Abstract: A flux containing terpene phenolic resin and having an acid value of 120 mgKOH/g or more is provided. The acid value can be 250 mgKOH/g or less. The terpene phenolic resin can be contained by 0.05 mass % or more and 30 mass % or less. The flux can contain the terpene phenolic resin and another resin component as a rosin component, and an amount of the terpene phenolic resin contained in the rosin component can be 0.1 mass % or more and 80 mass % or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluxing agents for the agglomeration process based on slag from the secondary metallurgy, the use of these fluxing agents in the process of agglomeration in the manufacture of the agglomerate designed for the use as a metallic charge in blast furnaces and a process of production of fluxing agents based on slag from the secondary metallurgy or based on a mixture of slag from the secondary metallurgy with other materials.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for predicting a slagging production position and a slagging production possibility in a furnace, the method including: the analyzing step of analyzing physical compositions of two or more kinds of coal; the phase diagram producing step of producing a phase diagram on the basis of the physical components of the two or more kinds of coal analyzed in the analyzing step; the deriving step of simulating the situation generated when the two or more kinds of coal are co-fired on the basis of the produced phase diagram; and the characteristic analyzing step of analyzing the characteristics in the furnace in the co-firing process of the two or more kinds of coal.

Abstract: A carbothermic reduction method is provided for reducing a La-, Ce-, MM-, and/or Y-containing oxide in the presence of carbon and a source of a reactant element comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, and/or P to form an intermediate alloy material including a majority of La, Ce, MM, and/or Y and a minor amount of the reactant element. The intermediate material is useful as a master alloy for in making negative electrode materials for a metal hydride battery, as hydrogen storage alloys, as master alloy additive for addition to a melt of commercial Mg and Al alloys, steels, cast irons, and superalloys; or in reducing Sm2O3 to Sm metal for use in Sm—Co permanent magnets.

Abstract: Provided are an aluminum alloy and a manufacturing method thereof. In the method, aluminum and a master alloy containing a calcium (Ca)-based compound are provided. A melt is prepared, in which the master alloy and the Al are melted. The aluminum alloy may be manufactured by casting the melt.

Abstract: A molten metal refining wire (11) comprises a metal sheath (12) encapsulating a core (14) of refining material, such as pure calcium powder, wherein the core (14) is sealed within the sheath (12) in a fluid-tight manner. A corresponding method of manufacturing the molten metal refining wire (11) is disclosed, as well as a method of refining molten metal by injecting the refining wire (11) into the molten metal.

Abstract: The present invention is a recycling method for aluminum dust collection and aluminum metallic smelting slag, where aluminum dross is processed into dross pellets having a particle diameter of larger than 200 meshes and smaller than 400 meshed, with which an aqueous solution of a binder is mixed to form a raw material. The raw material is then pressure molded to form a raw refractory material and sintered under a work temperature of 1050° C.˜1450° C., and reduced in temperature to finally form a refractory material.

Abstract: A process for converting organic wastes into a reducing agent-coke substitute (“RACS”). More specifically, a process for producing a reducing agent-coke substitute from a mixed waste material containing economically recoverable metals and organic based materials is described. In accordance with one aspect, the process comprises blending mixed waste material with a metal-containing smelter by-product, processing the blend of mixed waste material and smelter by-product through a heated mixing device to convert the blend into reducing agent-coke substitute.

Abstract: A composite product and a method of manufacturing the composite product are disclosed. The composite product includes (a) a polymeric material binder and a metal-bearing material or (b) the polymeric material binder and a carbon-bearing material. The 5 method includes heating and mixing the components of the composite product and thereafter forming the heated mixture into a final product shape, with the heating step being sufficient to melt at least a part of the polymeric material binder to facilitate forming the product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon-material-containing iron oxide briquette composition that, when obtaining direct reduced iron by heating in a moving hearth reduction furnace, does not turn into powder in the furnace leading to an accumulation of powder, and reliably prevents the obtained direct reduced iron from turning into powder during conveyance, decreasing yield. Further disclosed are a method for producing same, and a method for producing direct reduced iron using same. The carbon-material-containing iron oxide briquette composition is characterized by: the solidus temperature that is of an Al2O3-CaO—SiO2 ternary system slag in said briquette composition and that is determined by the amount of contained Al2O3, CaO, and SiO2 being no greater than 1300 DEG C.

Abstract: A process for converting organic wastes into a reducing agent-coke substitute (“RACS”). More specifically, a process for producing a reducing agent-coke substitute from a mixed waste material containing economically recoverable metals and organic based materials is described. In accordance with one aspect, the process comprises blending mixed waste material with a metal-containing smelter by-product, processing the blend of mixed waste material and smelter by-product through a heated mixing device to convert the blend into reducing agent-coke substitute.

Abstract: A process of preparing for reuse small particles of one or more waste products produced from iron or steel mill activities, comprising the steps of creating a blend of one or more waste products with a blending system, the blend including a predetermined proportion of each of the one or more waste products, combining fly ash and the blend with a liquid in a mixing container to create a mixture, adding a predetermined amount of moisture reduction additive to the mixture, adjusting the amount of the liquid in the mixture to achieve a predetermined moisture and time before set up occurs, mixing the mixture continuously until set up occurs and an agglomeration forms, casting the agglomeration onto a surface, dividing the agglomeration into predetermined size chunks, removing particles of less than the predetermined size from the agglomeration. The chunks produced according to this process.

Abstract: Powder which is for a flux-cored wire intended to become alloyed with a molten metal bath and which is formed by particles composed with at least 95% of sulphur, characterised in that its granulometric population is defined by: ?1 ?m?d10?340 ?m; ?200 ?m d50?2000 ?m; ?500 ?m d90?2900 ?m. Sulphur-based flux-cored wire, characterised in that it contains the preceding powder, and in that the compaction rate of the powder within the wire is greater than or equal to 85%. Method for producing a sulphur-based flux-cored wire for alloying with molten metal baths.

Abstract: A metallurgical process involves providing an ingredient enclosure and placing a plurality of granules of a first material in the ingredient enclosure. The first material contains a first ingredient in a metallurgical process. A metallurgical process furnace having a chamber in which ingredients for the metallurgical process are added is provided and the ingredient enclosure and the first material are added to the chamber. The chamber is heated after the addition of the ingredient enclosure and the first material to the chamber, although it may also be heated prior to such addition. In one form, the granules comprise mill scale and the metallurgical process furnace is a blast furnace.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the agglomeration of iron-oxide-containing residual materials, in particular scale and mill scale, wherein the residual materials and paper sludge are dried and ground and agglomerates are produced, by hot briquetting, from a mixture of the residual materials and paper sludge so processed. In this manner, it is possible to produce mill scale briquettes of high strength and density. These briquettes can then be charged into an electric arc steelmaking furnace for the purpose of recycling the iron contained in the residual materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic filter device for molten metal filtration comprising a major ceramic phase and a minor carbon phase bonded by phosphate bond, a method for producing such filter devices, and the use of such filter devices for the filtration of molten steel.

Abstract: A slag conditioner containing MgO, carbon or a filler and a binder is mixed and formed under pressure to produce aggregates which can have the form of a briquette. The slag conditioner is used to improve the operating performance and refractory life in steel melting furnaces. A slag conditioner comprising by weight a mixture and 2% to 25% binder for bonded agglomerates or larger particles of said mixture, the mixture comprising: 20% to 90% burned aggregates comprised of particles less than 8 mm of which at least 30% is 0.2 mm or greater and containing between 35% and 94% MgO; up to 50% slag-making carbonaceous or other additive; and up to 50% light burned magnesite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a calcium-silicate based slag having a phosphorous content of less than 3 ppmw. The invention further relates to a method for producing a low phosphorous calcium-silicate based slag, where molten calcium-silicate based slag is treated with a molten ferrosilicon alloy in a vessel, whereby phosphorous in the calcium-silicate based slag is transferred to the ferrosilicon alloy, and a low phosphorous calcium-silicate to based slag is removed from the vessel.

Abstract: A method for making solar grade silicon from metallurgical grade silicon is accomplished by treating a calcium silicate based slag with ferrosilicon in the first vessel so as to obtain a purification of the calcium silicate based slag. In a second vessel, the purified calcium based silicate slag is used to treat metallurgical grade silicon in order to obtain a solar grade silicon. The purification of calcium silicate based slag in the first vessel is accomplished to reduce phosphorous to a level of less than 3 ppmw.

Abstract: A method of producing a fluxing agent that can be used in production of steel, preferably stainless steel, employs as a raw material a hydroxide sludge that results from neutralization of metal-contaminated pickling liquid from a pickling step for a steel and contains at least one fluoride-containing compound. The hydroxide sludge is calcined. Steel, preferably stainless steel, is produced by decarburizing a steel heat, whereby a slag is formed on top of the steel heat, and adding a fluxing agent to the slag.

Abstract: Powder which is for a flux-cored wire intended to become alloyed with a molten metal bath and which is formed by particles composed with at least 95% of sulphur, characterised in that its granulometric population is defined by: —1 ?m?d10?340 ?m; —200 ?m d50?2000 ?m; —500 ?m d90?2900 ?m. Sulphur-based flux-cored wire, characterised in that it contains the preceding powder, and in that the compaction rate of the powder within the wire is greater than or equal to 85%. Method for producing a sulphur-based flux-cored wire for alloying with molten metal baths.

Abstract: There are provided a method of manufacturing an Fe/Ni-containing material having a low content of sulfur (S) from an Fe/Ni/SO4-containing liquid waste, a ferronickel mass using the Fe/Ni-containing material, and a method of manufacturing the ferronickel mass. The method of manufacturing an Fe/Ni-containing material from an Fe/Ni-containing liquid waste includes: removing SO4 from an Fe/Ni/SO4-containing liquid waste by adding an SO4 neutralizing agent to the liquid waste so that pH of the liquid waste can be maintained to a pH level of 0.5 to 2.5; precipitating Fe and Ni in the form of hydroxide [(Ni,Fe)(OH)] by adding NaOH to the SO4-free solution; washing the precipitate with water; and manufacturing an Ni/Fe-containing material by filtering and drying the washed Ni/Fe-containing sludge.

Abstract: Provided are self-fluxing pellets for a blast furnace, characterized in that a CaO/SiO2 mass ratio C/S is 0.8 or more and a MgO/SiO2 mass ratio M/S is 0.4 or more; when an iron content (mass %) in the entire pellet is represented by % TFe, % TFe is 65 or less; and a temperature Ts (unit: ° C.) at which the pressure loss starts to increase sharply in a loaded high-temperature reduction test and which is calculated by the equation below is 1290° C.

Abstract: A tin or tin alloy plating film surface treatment aqueous solution that can reduce whiskers on the surface of a tin or tin alloy plating film, and can provide a favorable tin or tin alloy plating film using a simple method for tin or tin alloy plating films that are used on electronic components.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material substitute product for blast furnace metallurgical coal and method of making the carbonaceous material is disclosed. A metallurgical coal substitute material is made from non-metallurgical grade coal or other carbon sources.

Abstract: The invention relates to coated slag, which is coated with a layer of a hydrophobic polyurethane.

Abstract: A method and composition for removing sulfur from molten ferrous material, particularly molten iron. The desulfurization agent includes one or more pucks or briquettes of deoxidizing and/or desulfurization agent. The pucks or briquettes of deoxidizing and/or desulfurization agent include at least one deoxidizing metal and at least one ferrous metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a calcium-silicate based slag having a phosphorous content of less than 3 ppmw. The invention further relates to a method for producing a low phosphorous calcium-silicate based slag, where molten calcium-silicate based slag is treated with a molten ferrosilicon alloy in a vessel, whereby phosphorous in the calcium-silicate based slag is transferred to the ferrosilicon alloy, and a low phosphorous calcium-silicate to based slag is removed from the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for grain refining of steel. A grain refining alloy having a composition FeXY where X is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, and Mo and where Y is one or more oxide and/or sulphide and or nitride and/or carbide forming elements selected from the group consisting of Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Ti, Al, Zr, Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg, C and N where X is between 0.001 and 99% by weight based on the weight of the alloy and where Y is between 0.001 and 50% by weight of the alloy, said alloy additionally containing between 0.001 and 2% by weight of oxygen and/or between 0.001 and 2% by weight of sulphur, said alloy containing at least 103 inclusion particles per mm3 consisting of oxides and/or sulphides and/or carbides and/or nitrides of one or more of the Y elements and/or one or more of the X elements Cr, Mn and Si in addition to Fe, said inclusion particles having a mean diameter of less than 10 ?m, is added to molten steel in an amount of between 0.

Abstract: An exothermal feeder mass is described, containing aluminum and magnesium, at least one oxidizing agent, a SiO2-containing filler, and an alkali silicate as the binder; it is characterized in that it contains roughly 2.5 to 20% by weight of a reactive aluminum oxide with a specific surface of at least roughly 0.5 m2/g and an average particle diameter (d50) from roughly 0.5 to 8 microns and is essentially free of fluoride-containing fluxes.

Abstract: Cermet material obtained from unused inert anodes, used inert anodes and cermet used in the production of inert anodes is beneficiated into a nonferrous metal concentrate composition from which metal values contained in the composition may be readily recovered by using a conventional smelting process. The invention also relates to the use of the composition in a smelting process for the recovery of metal values from the cermet composition of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cored wire for introducing additives into a molten metal bath comprising a metallic sheath (5) containing an additive (6), which metallic sheath is covered by a wrapping (7) which, being combustible without leaving harmful residues, momentarily retards the propagation of heat to the core of the cored wire, this cored wire being characterized in that on top of this combustible wrapping, a protective metallic casing encloses the assembly thus constituted by the additive, the metallic sheath and the combustible wrapping.

Abstract: A pellet, intended for the late inoculation of cast irons, obtained by agglomeration of a powdered inoculant, characterised in that the mass proportion of the granulometric fraction 50-250 microns of the powdered inoculant of which the pellet is constituted is comprised between 35 and 60%, and the mass proportion of the granulometric fraction below 50 microns is lower than 25%.

Abstract: A granular thermal insulating material comprising rice hull ash, ceramic clay binder, rice bran and an exfoliating agent, and methods to produce the insulating material.

Abstract: A method of making a powder for covering an ingot mold for the continuous casting of steel, in particular steels with ultra-low carbon content. The powder comprises a base powder and particles of at least one metal nitride, its free carbon content being between 0 and 1% by weight, the method comprising forming a slip of raw materials for the basis powder, at least one metal nitride and water and atomizing the slip to form a mist and drying the mist to form granules having diameters lying between 20 &mgr;m and 800 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A non-metallic product (NMP) substantially free of metallic aluminum and aluminum nitride which is utilized for making calcium aluminate.

Abstract: The tundish flux composition of the invention employs solid recycled ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF) slag as a fluidizing and refining base ingredient in a mixture of raw materials. The preferred recycled LMF slag material comprises about 35% to about 65% CaO, about 10% to about 35% Al2O3, about 1% to about 10% SiO2, about 3% to about 15% MgO, about 0.3% to about 10% FeO, about 0.1% to about 5% MnO, about 0.1% to about 0.15% P2O5, and about 0.1% to about 0.5% S. The tundish flux composition comprises from about 10% to about 80% of recycled LMF slag with the balance being raw materials selected from a calcium oxide source, a fluorine source, a magnesium oxide source, a carbon source, a silica source, a sodium source, a potassium source, and mixtures of these raw materials.

Abstract: A glass composition which is lithium-free and which is suitable as a metallurgical mold powder includes, based on total weight of the glass composition: Oxide wt % Na2O  0.2-14.4 K2O 0.0-2.5 CaO 31.0-41.9 Al2O3 4.9-8.5 B2O3 0.00-1.9  SiO2 15.6-30.0 F 18.1-30.8 wherein the glass composition has a total content of Na2O+K2O+CaO which ranges from about 38.4 to about 52.6% so that the glass composition is lithium-free and suitable as a metallurgical mold powder.

Abstract: An agent for treating metal ions in an aqueous solution, which comprises an anthrahydroquinone compound and a metal supported on a carbonaceous carrier.

Abstract: Silicon-containing residues, as they accumulate especially during the synthesis of organosilanes out of metallic silicon, and especially methyl chloride, are processed according to the invention to briquettes, being additives for the quality adjustment of cast iron being produced in a cupola furnace in order to avoid either costly regeneration for the recovering of the valuable components or the total dumping of said silicon-containing residues. Besides the silicon-containing residue the briquettes contain 1-10 percent by weight of cardboard fiber, 5-40 percent by weight of hydraulic cement and 0-20 percent by weight of additional additives having influence on the quality of the cast iron. The cement- and cardboard fiber-containing briquettes are mechanically and thermally sufficiently stable with respect to the operation of the melting furnace. The yielding rate of the inserted small-sized silicon in the cast iron is about 85% and reaches thereby the same range of lumpy ferrosilicon.

Abstract: Briquettes of either technical or chemical grade molybdenum oxide and a binding material selected from the group consisting of (a) sodium hydroxide, and (b) a binding composition comprising (i) at least one of ammonium and an alkali metal hydroxide, and (ii) an inert filler that has a d.sub.80 particle size at least about the same d.sub.80 particle size of the molybdenum oxide exhibit excellent resistance to breakage and dusting.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aluminothermic mixture consisting of a finely particulate base portion of iron oxides and aluminum as well as metallic additives, wherein a master alloy, namely a ferrochromium alloy consisting of (in % by weight)C: 0.1 to 20Si: 2 to 40Cr: 5 to 80and iron with impurities resulting from manufacture and, if appropriate, other alloying elements, is added in a quantity of from 5 to 50% by weight, relative to the base portion, as metallic additive.

Abstract: A powder for covering an ingot mold for the continuous casting of steel, in particular steels with ultra-low carbon content. The powder comprises a base powder and particles of at least one metal nitride, its free carbon content (%C.sub.free) being between 0 and 1% by weight, it being produced by atomization, and having the form of granules of between 20 and 800 .mu.m in diameter. In one application of the invention, the nitride is silicon nitride, and its weight content (%Si.sub.3 N.sub.4) is equal to: %Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 =0.5-0.28.times.%C.sub.free .+-.0.10.

Abstract: A desulfurization composition contains from about 3% to about 20% particulate metallic aluminum, about 5% to about 30% particulate alumina, about 0.5% to about 12% particulate hydrocarbon material or other gas generating composition and the balance lime plus impurities. Preferably aluminum dross is the source of aluminum and alumina. The desulfurization composition is injected into molten iron from a blast furnace preferably in an amount of 4 to 20 pounds desulfurizer per ton of hot metal. The desulfurizing composition can be injected as a blend or co-injected into the hot metal through a lance using a carrier gas or dumped into the hot metal as it is being poured into the ladle. At least for torpedo ladles, the desulfurization composition can be placed in the ladle before the hot metal is poured into it.

Abstract: An inventive method for electrical and thermal electronic component attachment is disclosed. The combination of transient liquid phase sintering (TLPS) and a permanent adhesive flux binder provides the advantages of both conventional soldering technology and conductive adhesives. This hybrid approach delivers electrical and thermal conduction through sintered metal joints and mechanical properties based on a tailorable polymer matrix. These transient liquid phase sintering conductive adhesives can utilize conventional dispensing, placement, and processing equipment. During the reflow process, metal powders in the composition undergo interparticle sintering as well as alloying to the contact pads. This process produces a strong mechanical, thermal, and electrical interconnect which ensures good conductivity that is also resistant to humidity and temperature cycling.

Abstract: A molten metal is subjected to a refining under a reduced pressure of vacuum or a low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere, and subsequently heated by means of inert gas plasma to re-refine. The metals to be processed are stainless steels, Ni-base alloys, Fe--Ni system alloys, electromagnetic steels, medium carbon structural steels having low nitrogen and low sulfur, and high carbon alloy tool-steels whose carbon, oxygen and/or sulfur content is strictly limited. In re-refining, any one of CaO and CaF.sub.2, CaO and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and CaO, CaF.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is used. For example, an Fe--Ni system alloy having 0.01% carbon and sulfur 0.005% can be produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly efficient aluminum covering flux and a process for its preparation. The said covering flux comprises potassium chloride, sodium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium fluoride and sodium hydrosulfate, wherein the composition of the mentioned covering flux is: potassium chloride, 20-65 parts by weight; sodium chloride, 20-65 parts by weight; lithium chloride, 1-20 parts by weight; potassium fluoride, 0.3-5 parts by weight, sodium hydrosulfate, 0.2-3 parts by weight. The said covering flux can effectively prevent the oxidization of aluminum in the process of smelting aluminum and can increase the yield of aluminum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for grain refining of aluminium and aluminium alloys wherein a siliconboron alloy containing between 0.01 to 4.0 % by weight of boron is added to molten aluminium or aluminium alloy in such an amount that the resulting melt of aluminium or aluminium alloy contains at least 50 ppm boron. The invention further relates to a grain refining alloy for aluminium and aluminium alloys which grain refining alloy is a siliconboron alloy containing between 0.01 and 4.0 % by weight of boron.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for the preparation of sintered calcium aluminates that can generally be used as a protective cover for liquid metals, and particularly steel, and the process comprising the steps of mixing calcium oxide, or its precursor, particles and aluminum dross residue, such as NOVAL.TM.; calcining the resulting mixture; maintaining a calcining temperature of 1200.degree. C. or higher for approximately 5 minutes or more which is sufficient to form a friable sintered product rich in calcium aluminates; and recovering the sintered product after cooling. Optionally, calcium fluoride, or other fluoride can be added to the starting mixture, if it is not already contained in the dross residue.

Abstract: A process of refining steel in a ladle using solid granules or briquettes made from recycled LMF slag and raw materials to make a desulfurizing addition, a slag conditioner or synthetic refining slag is described. The preferred recycled LMF slag material generally comprises of 35% to about 65% CaO; 10% to about 35% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; 1% to about 10% SiO.sub.2 ; 3% to about 15% MgO; 0.3% to about 10% FeO; 0.1% to about 5% MnO; 0% to about 0.5% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ; and 0.1% to about 0.5% S. The ladle refining additive comprises from about 10% to about 90% of a recycled ladle metallurgy furnace slag and the balance of raw materials selected from the group consisting of: a calcium oxide source; soda ash; fluorspar; borax; calcium carbonate; aluminum source; calcium aluminate; alumina source; metallic calcium, magnesium, sodium and their oxides, fluorides and carbides; and mixtures of all of the foregoing.