Abstract: The invention relates an agent for treating molten metals, in particular for desulphurizing pig iron melts, containing at least calcium oxide, optionally at least one other element in the elementary and/or bound state, selected from the group including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or earth metals and bitumes in an amount between 1-30 wt.-% or a mineral oil and/or paraffin oil, in an amount between 1-25 wt. %. Said agent is suitable, in particular, for treating pig iron melts, according to a mono-, co- or multi-injection method, but also for stirring, for example, according to the KR stirring method.

Abstract: An agent for desulfurizing and/or for pre-desulfurizing, in particular for desulfurizing and/or pre-desulfurizing molten pig iron or molten steel, contains calcium oxide and bitumen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of pre-melted calcium aluminate for iron and steel treatment and protection by the fusion of aluminum dross residues, usually referred to as non-metallic products (NMP) containing variable levels of aluminum (Al) and aluminum nitride (AlN) with calcium carbonate at high temperature, under oxidizing atmosphere. It further relates to the purification of the molten calcium aluminate from some contaminants present in the dross residue.

Abstract: An environmentally friendly flux for molten steel desulfurization includes CaO and Al2O3 so that [CaO]/[Al2O3] is within a range of 1.6 to 3.0, and includes one or more alkali metal oxides of Na2O, K2O, and Li2O, and SiO2 so that [SiO2]/[R2O] is within a range of 0.1 to 3, [R2O] is within a range of 0.5 mass % to 5 mass %, and [SiO2] is within a range of 0.05 mass % to 15 mass % in a case in which the [CaO], the [Al2O3], the [SiO2], and the [R2O] represent the mass % of CaO, the mass % of Al2O3, the mass % of SiO2, and the total amount of the mass % of Na2O, the mass % of K2O, and the mass % of Li2O respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of ductile iron comprising the sequential steps of:—(i) treating liquid iron with an initialiser comprising an effective amount of a group IIa metal other than Mg, (ii) at a predetermined time after step (i), treating the liquid iron with a magnesium containing nodulariser, (iii) treating the liquid iron with a eutectic graphite nucleation-inducing inoculant, and (iv) casting the iron. The invention allows for the variability of oxygen content in the base iron to be processed such that the mechanical properties of components cast from the processed iron are independent of the original oxygen content of the base iron.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an agglomerated product containing alumina which is useful as a component to be incorporated into a synthetic slag as used in steel making. The product is formed from powdered aluminium dross which is formed with water into pellets or briquettes and wherein the components of the pellets or briquettes are allowed to react at elevated pressure to release ammonia. The pellets or briquettes may then be calcined.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to make it possible to produce a copper alloy in which the S content is reduced with no contamination with Al, which has a good casting surface and good internal properties and in which eutectic compounds are refined. The invention relates to a slag for electroslag remelting for copper alloy, including CaF2: 20 to 45% by mass, CaO: 10 to 30% by mass, SiO2: 10 to 30% by mass, LiF: 10 to 20% by mass, and ZrO2: 5 to 15% by mass with other impurities: at most 1% by mass, and satisfying a formula: 17.0(LiF content+ZrO2 content)?556?CaF2 content?4.1(LiF content+ZrO2 content)?80.9, and the invention relates to a method for producing a copper alloy with the slag.

Abstract: A composition for releasing sodium or strontium or both into molten aluminium or aluminium-based alloy. The composition is formed by fusing a mixture comprising at least two salts, at least one of the salts having sodium as a cation and/or at least one of the salts having strontium as a cation, at least one of the salts having carbonate as an anion and at least one of the salts having a halide as an anion. The composition may be employed as a modifying flux for altering the microstructure of aluminium and aluminium alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steelmaking flux which makes it possible to produce steel of extremely low contents of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. The flux consists of, by weight, CaO: 30-57%, Al2O3: 35-64% and MgO: 5-17%, and having a composition in the area defined by the points A to E of Table 1 below in the MgO—CaO—Al2O3 diagram of FIG. 1, in which the activity of alumina is 10?2 or less. TABLE 1 Concentration (Molar basis, mole) Point NCaO NAl2O3 NMgO A 0.41 0.48 0.11 B 0.37 0.35 0.11 C 0.62 0.22 0.16 D 0.87 0.25 0.08 E 0.46 0.45 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a calcium-silicate based slag having a phosphorus content of less than 3 ppmw. The invention further relates to a method for producing low phosphorus calcium-silicate based slag, where molten calcium-silicate based slag is treated with a molten ferrosilicon alloy in a vessel, whereby phosphorus in the calcium-silicate based slag is transferred to the ferrosilicon alloy, and a low phosphorus calcium-silicate based slag is removed from the vessel.

Abstract: An agglomerate comprising alumina, carbon, and a binder for use in a vapor recovery reactor of a carbothermic alumina reduction furnace is disclosed. A method for using alumina-carbon agglomerates to capture aluminum vapor species and utilize waste heat from off-gases in a vapor recovery reactor to form a recyclable material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A high-quality submerged arc weld metal for 1.25 Cr-0.5 Mo steel that is obtained by carrying out multi-pass welding in a submerged arc welding process with a solid wire and a bonded flux being combined together, is produced in which a strength mismatch with a base material does not occur even after a Post Weld Heat Treatment is carried out for a short time to a long time, and which has high ductility as well as having no weld defect. The submerged arc weld metal for 1.25 Cr-0.5 Mo steel is characterized in that: the weld metal contains, per the total mass of the weld metal, C: 0.06 to 0.12 mass %, Si: 0.15 to 0.30 mass %, Mn: 0.60 to 1.10 mass %, Cr: 1.10 to 1.45 mass % and Mo: 0.45 to 0.60 mass %, wherein O is contained in an amount of 0.022 mass % or less and N is contained in an amount of 0.008 mass % or less, and wherein the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: This invention belongs to ferrous metallurgy field, and in particular relates to a lime-based additive for steel smelting which is used in the electric furnace refining and steel casting process for carbureting and deoxidation and the preparation method thereof. The lime-based additive for steel smelting comprises lime-based material and carbonaceous material, wherein the content of the lime-based material is 40-80 wt % relative to the total amount of the additive, and the remaining is the carbonaceous material; the lime-based material is a passivated CaO powder with a low flowability, or the mixture of the passivated CaO powder and CaCO3 powder, and the carbonaceous material is at least one of the coke, graphite, semi-coke powder and coal with carbon content not less than 85 wt %. When the additive has a shape of pellet, and it further comprises 1-5 wt % of agglomerant which has a microstructure of strip, streak or dendritic, and is at least one of MgO, Al2O3, and CaCO3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a steel desulphurating agent characterised in that it comprises compared with the total weight of the agent: at least 10% of SiO2, at least 10% of C2S, at least 35% of at least one calcium aluminate and optionally a calcium silico-aluminate.

Abstract: This invention belongs to ferrous metallurgy field, and in particular relates to a lime-based additive for steel smelting which is used in the electric furnace refining and steel casting process for carbureting and deoxidation and the preparation method thereof. The lime-based additive for steel smelting comprises lime-based material and carbonaceous material, wherein the content of the lime-based material is 40-80 wt % relative to the total amount of the additive, and the remaining is the carbonaceous material; the lime-based material is a passivated CaO powder with a low flowability, or the mixture of the passivated CaO powder and CaCO3 powder, and the carbonaceous material is at least one of the coke, graphite, semi-coke powder and coal with carbon content not less than 85 wt %. When the additive has a shape of pellet, and it further comprises 1-5 wt % of agglomerant which has a microstructure of strip, streak or dendritic, and is at least one of MgO, Al2O3, and CaCO3.

Abstract: A method and composition for removing sulfur from molten ferrous material, particularly molten iron. The desulfurization agent includes reclaimed magnesium scrap, a gas-producing compound and a calcium compound.

Abstract: Novel iron sulfides having excellent durability and excellent treating properties of heavy metals, processes for producing the iron sulfides, iron sulfide mixture, a heavy metal treating agent containing either of these novel iron sulfides as an effective component, and a method by which wastes containing various heavy metals are treated with the heavy metal treating agent are disclosed. The iron sulfide having a mackinawite structure which contains FeMxNySz wherein M represents an alkaline earth metal, N represents an alkali metal, and x, y and z, indicating the molar proportions of the respective elements, represent numbers satisfying 0.01<x≦0.5, y≦0.2 and 0.7≦z≦1.4, as an essential component.

Abstract: Metallic particles capable of causing iron or other desired first metal to break free from its oxide are coated with a refractory that inhibits incineration of the metallic particles. The coated metallic particles are added to the molten metal bath as a means for treating the molten metal bath by increasing the yield of the first metal from the bath.

Abstract: A method of making a powder for covering an ingot mold for the continuous casting of steel, in particular steels with ultra-low carbon content. The powder comprises a base powder and particles of at least one metal nitride, its free carbon content being between 0 and 1% by weight, the method comprising forming a slip of raw materials for the basis powder, at least one metal nitride and water and atomizing the slip to form a mist and drying the mist to form granules having diameters lying between 20 &mgr;m and 800 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The invention provides a new and improved process and exothermic reaction mixture for producing molten weld metal. The molten weld metal is used in joining one metallic piece with at least one other metallic piece. The process and exothermic reaction mixture have distinct advantages over the prior art. These advantages include a higher filler metal yield, an increased tensile strength, and a higher quality corrosion resistant weld. These advantages are accomplished by a process wherein a reactant mixture is provided which has a reducing agent, a metallic compound, and at least two filler metals that at least in part do not chemically react with the metallic compound, one of which is aluminum. The metallic compound subsequently forms, with the reducing agent, having a high heat of formation which provides an exothermic reaction with sufficient heat to melt the filler metals.

Abstract: A new technique for producing ferrosilicon free inoculating agents for gray and ductile irons utilizing oxy-sulfide forming elements combined with sulfur and oxygen and 1) mechanically pressed into an insert or tablet for placement into foundry sand molds or 2) a mixture of the same ingredients used as a loose or granular addition to molten iron. The inoculating agent is composed of 15 to 49% silicon, 7 to 22% calcium, 2.5 to 10% sulfur, 2 to 4% oxygen, 2.5 to 7.5% magnesium and 0.5 to 5% aluminum with the balance iron and incidental impurities, wherein the iron is the primary densification agent.

Abstract: A method of introducing a denitrogenizing flux material into a container of molten metal includes steps of providing a wire-like vector that has an inner core of flux material and an outer layer that is used to contain the inner core, and using a wire feed machine to introduce the wire-like vector into a container of molten metal. In comparison with conventional top slag removal techniques, this process permits the material from which the inner core is made to be injected into the container of molten metal at a speed and direction that promotes a controlled mixing of the flux material and the molten metal.

Abstract: A method for refining molten Al alloy and a non-halogen based flux for refining molten Al alloy which make it possible to perform refining such as removal of gas and inclusions at a high reduction level, and are free from a problem that the flux remains in the molten Al alloy, wherein a refining flux is injected into molten Al alloy obtained by melting an Al raw material to refine the melt, thereafter, the resultant is supplied to a mold, so as to cast the Al alloy. At this time, alum is used as the refining flux.

Abstract: Master alloy with 20-80% strontium, preferably 0.01-2.0% of aluminum and/or copper, and the balance essentially zinc plus impurities, and a method for preparing same and a method for modifying the microstructure of nonferrous alloys with said master alloy.

Abstract: A method of producing coated powder material is provided. In the method, molten metal or metal alloy is caused to fall in a stream (3) and is then atomized into a spray. A liquid or solid material of different composition is introduced and caused to contact the stream or spray so that a coating is formed over all or part of the surface of the atomized droplets. The coating may be the introduced material or a reaction product.

Abstract: Novel utilizations of strontium aluminate, a by-product of the manufacture of strontium, are disclosed in connection with the art of steelmaking. It is useful as a synthetic slag covering for molten iron or steel, as well as in the foaming slag practice, as a backfilling material for spaces between the safety lining and the working lining of a ladle, as a major component for a blend from which are made pellets or briquettes useful as a slag conditioner, as an additive to calcium aluminate which has the effect of substantially lowering the melting point of calcium aluminate, as a tracer material to determine the source of impurities, and as a binder to recycle metal-containing dust.

Abstract: A powder for covering an ingot mold for the continuous casting of steel, in particular steels with ultra-low carbon content. The powder comprises a base powder and particles of at least one metal nitride, its free carbon content (%C.sub.free) being between 0 and 1% by weight, it being produced by atomization, and having the form of granules of between 20 and 800 .mu.m in diameter. In one application of the invention, the nitride is silicon nitride, and its weight content (%Si.sub.3 N.sub.4) is equal to: %Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 =0.5-0.28.times.%C.sub.free .+-.0.10.

Abstract: A stable aqueous solution comprising a water soluble salt of a magnesium compound, a surfactant and a calcium salt inhibitor is used to reduce deposits in kilns or furnaces used to make iron ore agglomerates, known as pellets, during iron ore calcination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a casting flux for steels or alloys on an iron, nickel or cobalt basis which make heavy demands on the degree of oxidic purity for continuous or ingot casting and contain as the main components calcium oxide (CaO), aluminium oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) and strontium oxide (SrO), the characterizing feature of the invention being that the chemical composition lies within the following limits (in % by weight):20 to 40% CaO,15 to 30% SrO,0 to 6% Mgo,0 to 8% MgF.sub.2,0 to 8% CaF.sub.2,0 to 8% NaF0 to 6% LiFresidue Al.sub.2 O.sub.3,the flux having a total content not exceeding 15% of oxygen-yielding compounds, such as SiO.sub.2, FeO, MnO, K.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A conglomerated material based on metallurgical by-products and characterized in that it contains 2-10% of fibers, 9-25% wt of an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, and % wt of water.

Abstract: The present invention broadly relates to novel aluminum nitride matrix ceramic composite bodies for use as refractory materials and methods for making the same. The refractory materials are useful in environments which are corrosive, erosive, abrasive and/or which generate thermal shock. Such environments include furnaces, and associated apparatus which house or contact molten masses including, for example, molten metals, molten glasses, etc. The preferred method for making the aluminum nitride matrix ceramic composites comprises a directed oxidation of molten metal.

Abstract: A metallurgical flux composition comprising calcium oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide and silica contains 22-35% by weight magnesium oxide and has a weight ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide of from 0.6:1 to 2.5:1. The preferred composition contains 28-42% by weight calcium oxide, 13-21% by weight alumina, 22-35% by weight magnesium oxide and 3-8% by weight silica, preferably has a calcium oxide to magnesium oxide weight ratio of from 0.8:1 to 1.9:1 and preferably has a calcium oxide to silica weight ratio of from 6.0:1 to 7.5:1. The flux composition is particularly useful as a tundish cover in the continuous casting of steel.