Abstract: This invention relates to cost-effective methods for synthesizing metallic nanoparticles in high yield using non-dendrimeric branched polymeric templates, such as branched polyethyleneimine. This invention also provides a high-throughput apparatus for synthesizing metallic nanoparticles under conditions that produce less waste than conventional nanoparticle synthesis methods. Also provided are metallic nanoparticles and multi-metallic nanoparticle compositions made by methods and high-throughput apparatus of the invention.

Abstract: Graphite-containing brass alloy billets having less than 0.25 wt. % lead and a method of manufacturing relating thereto are provided. The method includes forming a brass powder and mixing the brass powder with graphite and one or more binders. The brass powder contains copper and zinc and may be formed using water atomization. The brass-powder mixture is compacted to form an initial billet. The initial billet may be subjected to one or more heating treatments. A first heating treatment may be used to remove the one or more binders. An optional second heating treatment may be used to deoxidize the binder-free billet. An optional third heating treatment that includes applying a pressure may be used to densify the binder-free billet. A third heating treatment may sinter the compact to form the workable graphite-containing brass alloy billet.

Abstract: Graphite-containing brass alloy billets having less than 0.25 wt. % lead and a method of manufacturing relating thereto are provided. The method includes forming a brass powder and mixing the brass powder with graphite and one or more binders. The brass powder contains copper and zinc and may be formed using water atomization. The brass-powder mixture is compacted to form an initial billet. The initial billet may be subjected to one or more heating treatments. A first heating treatment may be used to remove the one or more binders. An optional second heating treatment may be used to deoxidize the binder-free billet. A third heating treatment may sinter the compact to form the workable graphite-containing brass alloy billet.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of making a plurality of metal particles, the methods comprising: injecting a metal particle precursor, a capping material, and a reducing agent into an inlet of a continuous flow microwave reactor, thereby forming a mixture within the continuous flow microwave reactor, wherein the inlet of the continuous flow microwave reactor is fluidly connected to an outlet of the continuous flow microwave reactor through a reaction vessel; flowing the mixture through the reaction vessel, wherein the metal particle precursor is reduced within the reaction vessel, thereby forming the plurality of metal particles; and collecting the plurality of metal particles from the outlet of the continuous flow microwave reactor.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide novel solid gold-nickel alloy nanoparticles and a production method thereof. Provided are solid gold-nickel alloy nanoparticles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less. In particular, gold-nickel alloy nanoparticle are provided in which the concentration of nickel in the gold-nickel alloy is 2.0-92.7 wt %, and the main component is a gold-nickel alloy in which gold and nickel are in a nano-level fine mixed state. The gold-nickel alloy particles have as the main component a substitutional solid solution of gold and nickel. These gold-nickel alloy particles are optimally formed by mixing and discharging gold ions, and a substance having reducing characteristics in the thin film fluid occurring between processing surfaces which are arranged facing each other, which can move towards and away from each other, and at least one of which rotates relative to the other.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming noble metal nanoparticles on a support. In particular, the method includes heating precursors of the noble metal nanoparticles in a spiral glass tube reactor to reduce the precursors to form the noble metal nanoparticles on the support.

Abstract: Plasmonically enhanced electric fields are used to deposit particles at selected locations through decomposition or electron transfer reactions with precursor molecules in gas or liquid phase. The location of the enhanced electric fields is controlled through a combination of plasmonic substrate structure shape, material, incident light wavelength and polarization. The particles are deposited at designated locations only, whereby no deposition occurs at locations lacking enhanced electric fields. Many reaction variables can be used to change the rate of particle deposition such as precursor molecules, exposure time, precursor concentration, and temperature making for a highly customizable reaction space.

Abstract: A preparation method for silver nanowires, including: dissolving a dispersant in a tribasic alcohol to get a viscous clear solution, dissolving the silver nitrate in a tribasic alcohol to get a clear solution; then, adding the silver nitrate solution to the dispersant solution for uniform mixing, finally, transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, putting into an oven with a set temperature (170˜200° C.), and ending the reaction after a period of time. The mother solution of silver nanowires is diluted with alcohol and then centrifuged to separate organics, the novel silver nanowires with a uniform aspect ratio and nodes are obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods comprising: illuminating a first location of an optothermal substrate with electromagnetic radiation; wherein the optothermal substrate converts at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy; and wherein the optothermal substrate is in thermal contact with a liquid sample comprising a plurality of thermally reducible metal ions; thereby: generating a confinement region at a location in the liquid sample proximate to the first location of the optothermal substrate; trapping at least a portion of the plurality of thermally reducible metal ions within the confinement region; and thermally reducing the trapped portion of the plurality of thermally reducible metal ions; thereby: depositing a metal particle on the optothermal substrate at the first location. Also disclosed herein are systems for performing the methods described herein. Also disclosed herein are patterned substrates made by the methods described herein, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method including reacting a solution of a salt of a biocidal metal with an active layer of water purification membrane, discarding the biocidal metal salt solution such that a thin layer of the biocidal metal salt solution remains on the membrane surface, reacting a reducing agent solution with the active layer of the membrane and the thin layer of the biocidal metal salt solution thereby forming a biocidal metal nanoparticle-modified membrane, removing the reducing agent solution, and rinsing the biocidal metal nanoparticle-modified membrane.

Abstract: Near net shape refractory material is made in combustion driven compaction. The gas mixture is combusted, driving a piston or ram into a die containing refractory material powder, compressing the powder into a near net shape. As the chamber is filled with gas, the piston or ram is allowed to rest on the powder, pre-compressing the powder and removing trapped air. During compression, forces reach 150 tsi or more. Loading occurs within several hundred milliseconds. After compression, the shaped refractory part is sintered in a hydrogen environment. This process creates near net shape components with little scrap metal. The apparatus used to perform this process is about the size of a telephone booth and can be moved with a standard forklift. The powder may include a combination of Mo—Re, Re, W—Re, HfC and Hf of a fineness dictated by desired shrinkage, resulting in a material suitable for high-stress, high-temperature applications.

Abstract: Particles and manufacturing methods thereof are provided. The manufacturing method of the particle includes providing a precursor solution containing a precursor dissolved in a solution, and irradiating the precursor solution with a high energy and high flux radiation beam to convert the precursor to nano-particles. Particles with desired dispersion, shape, and size are manufactured without adding a stabilizer or surfactant to the precursor solution.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing a complex of a transition metal oxide and carbon nanotube. The method includes (a) dispersing carbon nanotube powder in a solvent, (b) mixing the dispersion with a transition metal salt, and (c) synthesizing a complex of transition metal oxide and carbon nanotube by applying microwave to the mixed solution. The method may considerably reduce the time required to synthesize the complex. In the complex of transition metal oxide and carbon nanotube prepared by the method, the transition metal oxide may be stacked on the surface of the carbon nanotube in the size of a nanoparticle, and may enhance charge/discharge characteristics when being applied to a lithium secondary battery as an anode material.

Abstract: Provided is a process for silver nanowire production in which the major-axis length of the silver nanowires can be controlled in a wide range and an agent for controlling the growth of silver nanowires. A process for silver nanowire production which is characterized in that an agent for controlling the growth of silver nanowires which comprises a polymer obtained by polymerizing one or more polymerizable monomers comprising an N-substituted (meth)acrylamide is reacted with a silver compound in a polyol at 25-180° C. The agent for controlling the growth of silver nanowires is characterized by comprising a polymer which has units of an N-substituted (meth)acrylamide as a polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for preparation by wet reduction method of nanometric particles of metallic silver, with diameter in the range of 1 to 100 nm and an average diameter of 20 to 40 nm, with monodispersion characteristics, stability greater than 12 months and in a wide range of concentrations. The process comprises 4 steps: a) preparation of the reducing agent solution, taken from the group of tannins and preferably being tannic acid; b) preparation of a solution of a soluble silver salt; c) reaction and, d) solid-liquid separation; the particle size is determined by the nature of the reducing agent and by the pH control of the currents. The final step is designed for separating and concentrating the material after which the user can prepare the product for integration thereof in the desired medium.

Abstract: There is provided a sample preconcentrator. The sample preconcentrator in which a sample gas injection port is coupled to a dried gas supply source and a gas analysis system to concentrate a sample gas comprises a sample concentrating unit containing an absorbent that is composed of carbon nanotube-metal nanocomplex; a conduit switching valve for selectively coupling the sample gas injection port to the dried gas supply source and the gas analysis system and controlling the absorption and desorption of the sample gas from the sample concentrating unit; and a plurality of conduits for connecting the sample gas injection port, the dried gas supply source, the gas analysis system, the sample concentrating unit and the conduit switching valve.

Abstract: The present technology provides an illustrative method for preparing shaped nanoparticles. The method includes passing a metal vapor to a shaping apparatus and condensing the metal vapor within the shaping apparatus to form selectively-shaped metal nanoparticles. The method may also include forming the metal vapor by heating a bulk metal. In an embodiment, the shaping apparatus comprises a mesh separator that include a plurality of nano-sized, square-shaped pores or a plurality of shaping cups that includes a plurality of recesses.

Abstract: A powder metal composite is disclosed. The powder metal composite includes a substantially-continuous, cellular nanomatrix comprising a nanomatrix material. The compact also includes a plurality of dispersed particles comprising a particle core material that comprises Mg, Al, Zn or Mn, or a combination thereof, dispersed in the nanomatrix, the core material of the dispersed particles comprising a plurality a plurality of distributed carbon nanoparticles, and a bond layer extending throughout the nanomatrix between the dispersed particles. The nanomatrix powder metal composites are uniquely lightweight, high-strength materials that also provide uniquely selectable and controllable corrosion properties, including very rapid corrosion rates, useful for making a wide variety of degradable or disposable articles, including various downhole tools and components.

Abstract: A method for producing nanopowders using electrical wire explosion is provided, which includes forming a wire in a helical spring structure, supplying the formed wire to a supplier, electrically exploring the wire through applying high voltage to the wire after supplying the wire that is supplied to the supplier into a chamber, and collecting nanopowders generated through explosion of the wire, wherein the wire formed in a helical spring structure has a pitch of 0.4 to 0.8 mm, a number of coils of 10 to 13, and a diameter of 1 to 2 mm.

Abstract: Methods of producing nanowires and resulting nanowires are described. In one implementation, a method of producing nanowires includes irradiating (i) a metal-containing reagent; (ii) a templating agent; (iii) a reducing agent; and (iv) a seed-promoting agent (SPA) in a reaction medium and under a condition of an elevated pressure above atmospheric pressure to produce nanowires.

Abstract: A scalable process is detailed for forming bulk quantities of high-purity ?-MnBi phase materials suitable for fabrication of MnBi based permanent magnets.

Abstract: A method for producing nickel nanoparticles is described, including a first step of heating a mixture of a nickel carboxylate with 1-12 carbon atoms in its moiety excluding —COOH and a primary amine to obtain a complexed reaction solution with a nickel complex foiiiied therein, and a second step of heating the complexed reaction solution by a microwave to obtain a Ni-nanoparticle slurry. In the first step, the heating is preferably conducted at a temperature of 105-175° C. for 15 minutes or longer. In the second step, the heating is preferably conducted at a temperature of 180° C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a metal flake, including the steps of: applying metal ink containing an organic metal compound onto a substrate; calcining the metal ink applied on the substrate to form a thin metal film; separating the formed thin metal film from the substrate; and pulverizing the separated thin metal film. The method of manufacturing a metal flake is characterized in that the thickness and size of metal flakes can be easily adjusted, metal flakes having excellent conductivity and gloss can be obtained, and metal flakes can be mass-produced using environmentally friendly and economical methods.

Abstract: Described herein are nanofibers and methods for making nanofibers that have a plurality of pores. The pores have of any suitable size or shape. In some embodiments the pores are “mesopores”, having a diameter between 2 and 50 nm. In some embodiments, the pores are “ordered”, meaning that they have a substantially uniform shape, a substantially uniform size and/or are distributed substantially uniformly through the nanofiber. Ordering of the pores results in a high surface area and/or high specific surface area. Ordered pores, without limitation, result in a nanofiber that is substantially flexible and/or non-brittle. The nanofibers and methods for making nanofibers may be used, without limitation, in batteries, capacitors, electrodes, solar cells, catalysts, adsorbers, filters, membranes, sensors, fabrics and/or tissue regeneration matrixes.

Abstract: While a water reaction system containing silver ions is irradiated with ultrasonic waves to cause cavitation therein, a reducing agent containing solution, which contains an aldehyde as a reducing agent, is mixed with the water reaction system to deposit silver particles, the solid-liquid separation of which is carried out, and thereafter, the separated silver particles are washed and dried to produce a spherical silver powder which has a closed cavity in each particle thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are nanofibers and processes of preparing nanofibers. In some instances, the nanofibers are metal and/or ceramic nanofibers. In some embodiments, the nanofibers are high quality, high performance nanofibers, highly coherent nanofibers, highly continuous nanofibers, or the like. In some embodiments, the nanofibers have increased coherence, increased length, few voids and/or defects, and/or other advantageous characteristics. In some instances, the nanofibers are produced by electrospinning a fluid stock having a high loading of nanofiber precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock comprises well mixed and/or uniformly distributed precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock is converted into a nanofiber comprising few voids, few defects, long or tunable length, and the like.

Abstract: A nanopowder and a method of making are disclosed. The nanopowder may be in the form of nanoparticles with an average size of less than about 200 nm and contain a reactive transition metal, such as hafnium, zirconium, or titanium. The nanopowder can be formed in a liquid under sonication by reducing a halide of the transition metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing copper nanoparticles, in particular, to a method for manufacturing copper nanoparticles, wherein the method includes preparing a mixture solution including a copper salt, a dispersing agent, a reducing agent and an organic solvent; raising temperature of the mixture solution up to 30-50° C. and agitating; irradiating the mixture solution with microwaves; and obtaining the copper nanoparticles by lowering temperature of the mixture solution. According to the present invention, several tens of nm of copper nanoparticles having a narrow particle size distribution and good dispersibility can be synthesized in mass production.

Abstract: A method for generating nanoparticles in a liquid comprises generating groups of ultrafast laser pulses, each pulse in a group having a pulse duration of from 10 femtoseconds to 200 picoseconds, and each group containing a plurality of pulses with a pulse separation of 1 to 100 nanoseconds and directing the groups of pulses at a target material in a liquid to ablate it. The multiple pulse group ablation produces nanoparticles with a reduced average size, a narrow size distribution, and improved production efficiency compared to prior pulsed ablation systems.

Abstract: A method for finely powdering tungsten powder, which includes electrolytically oxidizing tungsten powder while stirring in an aqueous mineral-acid solution to form an oxide film in the surface of the tungsten powder and removing the oxide film with an alkaline aqueous solution; a method for producing tungsten powder to obtain fine tungsten powder by a process including the above method for finely powdering; and a tungsten powder having an average particle size of 0.04 to 0.4 ?m, in which the dMS value (product of an average particle size d (?m), true density M (g/cm3) and BET specific surface area S (m2/g)) is within the range of 6±0.4.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a magnetic material, said magnetic material consisting of a starting material that comprises a rare earth metal (SE) and at least one transition metal. The rare earth metal content is 15 to 20 wt. %, and the method has the following steps:—hydrogenating the starting material,—disproportioning the starting material,—desorption, and—recombination. A soft magnetic material is added after the starting material is disproportioned.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of (a) dissolving a first amount of an alkali salt of lignosulfonate in water to form a first solution, (b) heating the first solution to a first temperature, (c) adding a second amount of iron sulfate (FeSO4) to the first solution to form a second solution, (d) heating the second solution at a second temperature for a first duration of time effective to form a third solution of iron lignosulfonate, (e) adding a third amount of 1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to the third solution of iron lignosulfonate to form a fourth solution with a first pH level, (f) heating the fourth solution at a third temperature for a second duration of time to form a first sample, and (g) subjecting the first sample to a microwave radiation for a third duration of time effective to form a second sample containing a plurality of carbon-magnetite nanocomposites.

Abstract: A nanopowder and a method of making are disclosed. The nanopowder may be in the form of nanoparticles with an average size of less than about 200 nm and contain a reactive transition metal, such as hafnium, zirconium, or titanium. The nanopowder can be formed in a liquid under sonication by reducing a halide of the transition metal.

Abstract: Provided is a nanowire manufacturing method, comprising forming a plurality of grid patterns on a substrate, forming a nanowire on the grid patterns, and separating the grid pattern and the nanowire. According to the present invention, the width and height of the nanowire can be adjusted by controlling the wet-etching process time period, and the nanowire can be manufactured at a room temperature at low cost, the nanowire can be mass-manufactured and the nanowire with regularity can be manufactured even in case of mass production.

Abstract: In various embodiments, low-oxygen metal powder is produced by heating a metal powder to a temperature at which an oxide of the metal powder becomes thermodynamically unstable and applying a pressure to volatilize the oxygen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming solid particles from a sample, which includes the step of exposing the sample to a focused acoustic field having an acoustic wave variable, until the solid particles achieve a desired state of particularization. The acoustic wave variable may be selected based, at least in part, on the desired state of particularization. The sample may be exposed to the focused acoustic field through a medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method suitable for efficiently producing silver nanowires with high aspect ratio. In this method, silver nanowires with aspect ratio of more than 300 and purity of more than 80% are produced through an acid compound mediated microwave-assisted wet chemistry method. Such silver nanowires are especially suitable for the application in the flexible transparent electrodes, as they can simultaneously improve the electrical conductivity and transparency.

Abstract: A method of preparing metal-modified silica particles is disclosed. Specifically, a treatment chamber is provided in which a first and a second formulation are ultrasonically mixed to prepare metal-modified silica particles. The treatment chamber has an elongate housing through which the first and second formulations flow longitudinally from a first inlet port and a second inlet port, respectively, to an outlet port thereof. An elongate ultrasonic waveguide assembly extends within the housing and is operable at a predetermined ultrasonic frequency to ultrasonically energize the formulations within the housing. An elongate ultrasonic horn of the waveguide assembly is disposed at least in part intermediate the inlet and outlet ports, and has a plurality of discrete agitating members in contact with and extending transversely outward from the horn intermediate the inlet and outlet ports in longitudinally spaced relationship with each other.

Abstract: A method for preparing metal particles, including the steps of: depositing a metal layer on a substrate, irradiating the metal layer with a laser, a plate of a material transparent or quasi-transparent to the laser wavelength being interposed between the metal layer and the laser source.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing metal nanoparticles having a core-shell structure with good oxidation stability, wherein the method comprises the steps of: heating and agitating a core metal precursor solution; mixing a shell metal precursor solution with the heated and agitated core metal precursor solution, and heating and agitating the mixed metal precursor solution; and irradiating the heated and agitated metal precursor solution with radioactive rays. Thus, since yield can be maximized through a simple and environmentally friendly process that does not use a chemical reducing agent, there is no need for a process for removing an added reducing agent, and since a post-heat-treatment of particles is not performed, the manufacturing process is rendered simple and highly economical.

Abstract: The present technology provides an illustrative method for preparing shaped nanoparticles. The method includes passing a metal vapor to a shaping apparatus and condensing the metal vapor within the shaping apparatus to form selectively-shaped metal nanoparticles. The method may also include forming the metal vapor by heating a bulk metal. In an embodiment, the shaping apparatus comprises a mesh separator that include a plurality of nano-sized, square-shaped pores or a plurality of shaping cups that includes a plurality of recesses.

Abstract: A method for the production of iron from an iron oxide-containing material includes contacting an iron oxide-containing material with a particle size distribution range with a ?90 of less than 2 mm, with a carbon-containing material with a particle size distribution range with a ?90 of less than 6 mm, in a commercial scale reactor at a temperature of between 900° C. and 1200° C. for a contact time sufficient to reduce the iron oxide to iron.

Abstract: A method of purifying a target powder having an oxygen content, the method comprising: flowing hydrogen gas through a microwave production chamber; applying microwaves to the hydrogen gas as the hydrogen gas flows through the microwave production chamber, thereby forming hydrogen radicals from the hydrogen gas; flowing the hydrogen radicals out of the microwave production chamber to the target powder disposed outside of the microwave production chamber; and applying the hydrogen radicals to the target powder, thereby removing a portion of the oxygen content from the powder. Preferably, the target powder is agitated as the hydrogen radicals are being applied.

Abstract: A conductive bonding material includes: a solder component including a metal foamed body of a first metal having at least one pore, the pore absorbs melted first metal when the metal foamed body is heated at a temperature higher than the melting point of the first metal, and a second metal having a melting point lower than the melting point of the first metal.

Abstract: Gold ores are processed to obtain a mixture comprising gold particles and other particles, such as quartz particles. The mixture then passes through a location near a quantum resonance driver. The quantum resonance driver generates a macro quantum resonance effect that causes the gold particles to move away from the driver so that gold particles are separated from the mixture.

Abstract: A method of producing carbon-metal nanocomposites includes (a) treating a material containing at least one o-catechol unit with a first solution of hexamine such that the material becomes hexamine treated; (b) treating the material with a second solution having a plurality of metal ions such that the material becomes metal treated; (c) treating the material with a third solution of alkali such that the material becomes alkali treated; and (d) heating the alkali, metal and hexamine treated material after (a), (b), and (c) for a predetermined period of time such that a plurality of carbon-metal nanocomposites having metal nanoparticles dispersed in the material are produced.

Abstract: Durable porous metal nanostructures comprising thin metal nanosheets that are metastable under some conditions that commonly produce rapid reduction in surface area due to sintering and/or Ostwald ripening. The invention further comprises the method for making such durable porous metal nanostructures. Durable, high-surface area nanostructures result from the formation of persistent durable holes or pores in metal nanosheets formed from dendritic nanosheets.

Abstract: There is provided a method for efficiently manufacturing metal nano particles without condensing laser beams by using a lens etc. In this method, first, metallic foil pieces, which are a starting material, are dispersed in a dispersion liquid. Next, laser beams are irradiated directly to the metallic foil pieces without providing a condensing means, by which many metal fine particles are yielded. The particle diameters of the metal fine particles obtained can be controlled to sizes from nano particles to submicron particles by utilizing the relationship between the shape (especially thickness) of the metallic foil piece which is a starting material and the absorbed energy of the laser beam.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a method of producing silver nanoparticles using an electromagnetic levitation melting process. The method comprises levitating and melting a silver sample using a suitable levitation coil and stabilizing a droplet of molten silver. The silver droplet is heated and levitated simultaneously by an induction furnace as a generator. Argon gas is used to provide the inert atmosphere and also applied to cool and condense the silver vapor into a silver nano powder to obtain a silver nano particle. The synthesized silver nanoparticles are collected by brushing them off the brass cylinder using inert gas and are kept in pure Hexane. The size of the nanoparticles is controlled by rate of cooling and heating temperature. The electromagnetic levitation melting method is applied to provide the high purity of silver nano particles with no vacuum equipments.

Abstract: A method of preparing silver triangular bipyramids having a high shape selectivity and low edge length variation is disclosed. Also disclosed are silver triangular bipyramids prepared by this method.