Abstract: A method to obtain a manganese steel alloy having a percentage weight of carbon varying from about 0.5% to about 2%, a percentage weight of manganese varying from about 10% to about 20%, and a percentage weight of titanium varying from about 0.01% to about 5%. The method comprises at lest a step wherein a determinate quantity of steel scarp with manganese or steel scarp with carbon is melted in order to define a metal bath, a step wherein, in order to deoxidize the metal bath a determinate percentage weight of aluminum is added, a step wherein a determinate percentage weight of nitrogen is added, a step wherein a determinate percentage weight of titanium is added, and a step wherein the metal bath is cast at a determinate temperature.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for producing metal products, in which a metal-containing charge material is melted in a melting unit, and a working gas, in particular an at least partially reducing working gas, is additionally produced in the melting unit. The working gas produced is extracted and if appropriate after cleaning, is used as a carrier gas, at least in part for—preferably pneumatic—transport of an at least partially reduced metal-containing material in the form of fine particles.

Abstract: A direct smelting process and a fixed, ie non-rotatable, metallurgical vessel for producing metal from a metalliferous feed material is disclosed. The process is a molten bath-based process which includes injecting solid feed materials with a carrier gas into the molten bath via one or more downwardly extending lance/tuyere (11) and causing gas flow from the molten bath at a flow rate of at least 0.30 Nm3/s/m2 at the interface between the metal layer (15) and the slag layer (16) of the molten bath (under quiescent conditions).

Abstract: A direct smelting process and a fixed, i.e. non-rotatable, metallurgical vessel for producing metal from a metalliferous feed material is disclosed. The process is a molten bath-based process which includes injecting solid feed materials with a carrier gas into the molten bath via one or more downwardly extending lance/tuyere (11) and causing gas flow from the molten bath at:a flow rate of at least 0.30 Nm3/s/m2 at the interface between the metal layer (15) and the slag layer (16) of the molten bath (under quiescent conditions).

Abstract: A treatment agent and method to introduce magnesium into ferrous material. The treatment agent includes a mixture of high melting temperature particles and magnesium particles. The content of high melting temperature particles in the particle mixture is present in an effective amount to inhibit the complete conversion of the magnesium particles into molten magnesium prior to the magnesium particles entering the ferrous material. The method describes the efficient treatment of molten ferrous material with these particles.

Abstract: A process for blowing oxygen-containing gas, with and without solid material, on a metal melt in a metallurgical vessel, a process for generating a burner flame and corresponding devices. The inventive process and lance suitable for such process provides, without structural conversion and by a simple design, various different process steps in the treatment of metal melts in a metallurgical vessel while increasing the insertion rates of the individual media. This is accomplished using a multifunctional lance in which the process of blowing oxygen with and without solids, and the generation of a burner flame may be performed independently from one another. The individual supply lines are connected in a corresponding manner depending on the respective process step. In the process for blowing oxygen-containing gas, vibrations are excited in the gas flow in a relatively simple manner.

Abstract: A method for the preliminary treatment of molten hot metal for steel making comprising passing molten hot metal towards the downstream side in a horizontally disposed trough-like vessel and injecting obliquely downwards a powdered refining agent into the molten hot metal by use of an oxygen-containing gas as a carrier through one or more single-pipe nozzles installed on the side wall of the vessel with the nozzle port being positioned below the surface of the hot metal in the vessel.

Abstract: A method of operating an in-bath smelting reduction furnace comprises the step of forming a slag zone in an in-bath smelting reduction furnace supplied with oxygen through a top lance and with agitation gas by bottom bubbling through tuyeres below the metal bath surface, and the step of controlling the carbon material supply rate, the oxygen supply rate and the ore supply rate so as to maintain the apparent density of the slag within a prescribed range.