Abstract: The present invention provides a piece of distillation equipment for producing sponge titanium, which includes a heating furnace and a reactor for containing a condensate, wherein a heating furnace cover is arranged above the heating furnace, a reactor cover is arranged above the reactor, the heating furnace cover is connected with the reactor cover by a pipe, a resistance wire is arranged on the pipe, each lifting device is arranged above the heating furnace cover and the reactor cover, a vacuum-pumping pipe is arranged above a heater cover, and a first metal sealing ring is arranged between the reactor cover and the reactor. The present invention has the beneficial effects that the distillation equipment can ensure normal production, and effectively ensure the quality of sponge titanium product. The problem of distillation tube blockage is solved by adopting a metal gasket.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing sponge titanium, which includes the following steps: Step A: placing aluminum into a resistance furnace, vacuum pumping, introducing inert gas, heating to molten aluminum; Step B: opening a reactor cover, adding a proper amount of potassium fluotitanate to a reactor, leakage detecting after closing the reactor cover, slowly raising the temperature to 150° C., vacuum pumping, and continuously heating to 250° C.; Step C: introducing inert gas into the reactor, continuously raising the temperature to 750° C., stirring uniformly; Step D: opening a valve to adjust the stirring speed, adding molten aluminum drops, and controlling the reaction temperature to 750° C. to 850° C.; Step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring device, eliminating the upper layer of KAlF4 to obtain sponge titanium. The present invention has the beneficial effects of short process flow, low cost, environmental protection and harmlessness.

Abstract: A titanium metal or a titanium alloy having submicron titanium boride substantially uniformly dispersed therein and a method of making same is disclosed. Ti power of Ti alloy powder has dispersed within the particles forming the powder titanum boride which is other than whisker-shaped or spherical substantially uniformly dispersed therein.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline Ti powder produced in a molten salt medium, said powder comprising predominantly particles of single ?-Ti crystals that are directly applicable in powder metallurgy.

Abstract: The cost-effective hydrogenated, purified titanium powder is manufactured by the semi-continuous process including: (a) magnesium-thermic reduction of titanium chlorides at 830-880° C. in the hydrogen atmosphere characterized by the formation of a hollow porous block of the reaction mass having an open cavity in the center of the block, (b) full thermal-vacuum separation of the hollow block from excessive Mg and MgCl2 at 850-980° C. and residual pressure of 26-266 Pa using a multi-step cycle including: (i) purging hydrogen at 800-950° C. into the reactor at the pressure 10 kPa to 24.

Abstract: A process for producing titanium metal sponge from an exothermic reaction between titanium tetrachloride vapor and molten magnesium vapor, and reclaiming reactive metals from by-products of the exothermic reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for producing titanium by reaction of titanium tetrachloride with magnesium in a reactor, wherein the temperature in the reactor is above the melting point of magnesium and below the melting point of magnesium chloride, wherein the reaction results in formation of particles comprising titanium, and wherein the particles are removed from the reactor and processed in order to recover the titanium.

Abstract: A method and system for producing an alloy using a flowing stream of superheated halide vapor to flash vaporize liquid halides forming a mixture of gases in predetermined and controllable ratios. The mixture of gases are introduced into a flowing stream of liquid alkali or alkaline earth metal or mixtures to establish a reaction zone where the mixture of gases is reduced to an alloy and a salt. The liquid metal is in a sufficient amount in excess of stoichiometric to maintain substantially all the alloy and salt below the sintering temperatures thereof away from the reaction zone. Equipment for practicing the method is also disclosed. The system relates to alloys of B, Be, Bi, C, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, In, Mo, Nb, P, Pb, Re, S, Sb, Si, Sn, Ta, Ti, V, W and Zr.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of an elemental material, comprising the step of reacting a halide of the elemental material with a reducing agent in solid form in a fluidized bed reactor at a reaction temperature which is below the melting temperature of the reducing agent. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elemental material is titanium and the titanium is produced in powder form. The invention also relates to the production of alloys or intermetallics of the elemental materials.

Abstract: A process for producing metallic titanium includes forming metallic titanium fine particles by supplying liquid or mist titanium tetrachloride from above the surface of a reaction bath liquid containing fused magnesium and fused magnesium chloride in a reaction vessel to effect a reaction, wherein a circulating flow perpendicular to the bath surface of the reaction bath liquid is generated or extended just under the bath surface by imparting a stirring force to the reaction bath liquid so as to generate or increase an upward flow rate of the reaction bath liquid in at least part of the region at a depth of more than 100 mm below the bath surface.

Abstract: A method of producing an elemental material or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures of halides is provided. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a reducing gas in the presence of reductant material, preferably in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the elemental material or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the reductant material at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced elemental material or alloy.

Abstract: A method of controlling the size and morphology of powder made by the subsurface injection of a halide vapor into a liquid metal is disclosed. A reaction zone is established and the temperature thereof or the time the powder remains therein is controlled to change powder characteristics.

Abstract: Method for producing powdered metallic products by reacting aluminum subchloride vapor with a powdered oxide reactant such as Iron oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide and boron oxide to form a solid metallic powder product mixed with aluminum oxide, together with aluminum trichloride vapor byproduct.

Abstract: A treatment apparatus (10) includes a liquid reactant metal containment vessel (11) for containing a first liquid reactant metal and isolating the reactant metal from the atmosphere. A release chamber (14) is adapted to receive the first liquid reactant metal from the containment vessel (11) and a submerging arrangement (21) is adapted to dunk or submerge a container (46) of feed material into the liquid reactant metal and move the container to a release location within the release chamber (14). Relatively light materials rising from the submerged container (46), including unreacted feed material, intermediate reaction products, and perhaps final reaction products collect in a collection area (60) having an upper surface defined by an upper surface of the release chamber (14).

Abstract: A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the lesser of the boiling point of the alkali or alkaline earth metal at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Abstract: A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the lesser of the boiling point of the alkali or alkaline earth metal at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Abstract: A set of processes for preparing metal powders, including metal alloy powders, by ambient temperature reduction of a reducible metal compound by a reactive metal or metal hydride through mechanochemical processing. The reduction process includes milling reactants to induce and complete the reduction reaction. The preferred reducing agents include magnesium and calcium hydride powders. A process of pre-milling magnesium as a reducing agent to increase the activity of the magnesium has been established as one part of the invention.

Abstract: This invention provides improved production, continuous or batch, especially of metals which have been produced by versions of the Kroll and Ames processses. This list includes titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, molybdenum, tungsten, and uranium. It also offers a process for growing particular shapes of metallic crystals, e.g., needlelike. This invention is intended to be less expensive to operate and to provide a superior product than from Kroll batch processing, as often used: For the continuous metal production, circulating molten salt supports two principal reaction stages, which together allow continuous metal production: Titanium powder production with one possible set of reactants may be used as an example for the group of metals listed: In Stage 1 a pumped solution of titanium ions (Ti++) dissolved in molten salt (e.g., MgCl2—KCl) flows onto, then down beside, molten magnesium that floats on molten salt below.

Abstract: A condensation chamber and method for condensing a metal connate from a metal rich gaseous mixture. The condensation chamber includes top and sidewall surfaces that together define a central bore. A gas supply is received in the bore, and as the gas begins to cool, a metal connate condensate forms on the surfaces of the condensation chamber. A moveable surface is received in the bore for removing the connate from the surfaces adjacent the bore. To facilitate removal of the connate, the surfaces adjacent the bore are heated to ensure that the connate remains substantially in the liquid state while in the condensation chamber. The moveable surface helps direct the connate into a cooling chamber supported by the condensation chamber. In the cooling chamber, the connate is cooled to a plastic state. The cooled connate may be formed into pellets and stored for later use.

Abstract: A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Abstract: A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the lesser of the boiling point of the alkali or alkaline earth metal at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of metallic titanium, characterized in that the process comprises reducing a titanium-fluorine compound selected from titanium tetrafluoride and any hexafluorotitanate soluble in a molten fluoroaluminate, with metallic aluminum in a molten fluoroaluminate. A process for the production of intermediates useful in the processing ilmenite and related minerals is also described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously producing metals such as zirconium, hafnium, titanium, niobium, vanadium, silicon and tantalum. The corresponding metal halide is reacted with a metallic reducing agent such as aluminum, calcium, magnesium and sodium in a reactor where the reaction takes place at a temperature where the metal reducing agent is below its vaporization temperature and where the metal halide is above its vaporization temperature. The metal formed by the reaction is recovered from the reactor by collecting it in a pool of molten product metal contained in a cold wall induction heated receptacle in the reactor from which the metal product is removed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of metallic titanium, characterized in that the process comprises reducing a titanium-fluorine compound selected from titanium tetrafluoride and any hexafluorotitanate soluble in a molten fluoroaluminate, with metallic aluminum in a molten fluoroaluminate. A process for the production of intermediates useful in the processing ilmenite and related minerals is also described.

Abstract: Utilization of inherent fractional distillation of magnesium and magnesium chloride in reduction to sponge metal in a vacuum distillation furnace of zirconium and/or hafnium or other refractory metal tetrachloride by the Kroll process, to separate magnesium from magnesium chloride and metal subchlorides so the magnesium can be recycled in the process substantially free of the magnesium chloride and metal subchlorides. The magnesium vapor from the distillation furnace is recovered and condensed separately from the magnesium chloride and refractory metal sub-chloride vapors.