Abstract: A one-pack composition conferring flame-retardant and fabric-softening properties on fabrics comprises a THP.sup.+ salt, an organic nitrogen compound (eg urea) and a hydroxyl-reactive organic compound having 12 or more carbon atoms. Preferred examples of such compounds include C.sub.12 amine, C.sub.18 amine and tallow amine (viz C.sub.16 /C.sub.18 /C.sub.20 amine mixture).

Abstract: The fibrillation tendency of solvent-spun cellulose fibre is reduced by treating the fibre with a cross-linking agent and a flexible linear polymer with terminal functional groups, for example polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 300 to 600. The fibre may be treated in never-dried or in fabric form.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of fiber materials with water-soluble anionic dyes, in particular those having a fiber-reactive group, is described, according to which dyeing is carried out using low-electrolyte or entirely electrolyte-free and/or low-alkali or entirely alkali-free dye solutions (dye liquors, printing pastes) and in which a fiber material is used which was modified by means of a saturated straight-chain or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compound which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more hydroxy groups and contains at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or quaternary ammonium group and at least one hydrolyzable ester group, it also being possible for the aliphatic radical in this compound to be interrupted by one or more hetero groups.

Abstract: A process for protecting a dyed textile fiber from decolorization caused by exposure to bleach, and improving colorfastness is provided by applying an aqueous solution of non-volatile, polymeric salt forming monomers, such as hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, to the textile fiber followed by drying the fiber to polymerize the monomers and form a non-volatile, polymeric salt film thereon. The process is especially suitable for treating dyed polyamide fiber used in floor covering products.

Abstract: In the flame-retardant treatment of fabrics, there is provided a means for increased "loading" of phosphorus compounds (up to 25% moisture is retained after impregnation and drying of the fabric). This in turn enables a phosphonium compound "add-on" of 50% to 73% (relative to the weight of the fabric) and gives a correspondingly higher degree of flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: Modified rayon is produced by adding a modifier to a cellulose solution and spinning fibers from the solution, or by adding a modifier to an alkali cellulose solution or material, xanthating and spinning fibers by the viscose spinning process, wherein the modifier is an amine of the formula (1a), (1b), (1c), (1d) or (1e) ##STR1## The modified rayon produced in this way can be dyed with reactive dyes without addition of electrolyte salt or alkali and have significantly more affinity than conventional viscose fibers.

Abstract: A process for the production of aminated cotton fibers by subjecting a raw cotton or cotton-polyester mixture to a modification with a saturated aliphatic compound of 3 to 15 carbon atoms which contains at least one primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amino group and at least one hydrolyzable ester group, in which the saturated radical is straight chain, branched, or cyclic, and may be interrupted by one or more hetero groups and may be substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups. The modification occurs simultaneously with scouring, kiering, or dry mercerizing.

Abstract: Modified cellulose fiber is produced by adding a modifier to a cellulose solution and spinning fibers from the solution, or by adding a modifier to a viscose solution and spinning fibers by the viscose spinning process, said modifier being a polymeric amine compound having pendant primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups and having a molecular mass of more than 1000.

Abstract: A method for making an air bag by forming a fabric structure of filaments or yarns in the configuration of an air bag, and grafting first and/or second components onto some or all of the filaments or yarns to provide the fabric structure with increased resistance to fraying, filament or yarn pull-out, or distortion during manufacture or use of the air bag compared to non-grafted filaments or yarns. The graft component(s) may be applied to the filaments or yarns prior to, during or after formation of the fabric structure. An air bag material suitable for use in a passive restraint system is also disclosed utilizing grafted fabric substrate provided by the above described method. A passive restraint system utilizing such fabrics is also described.

Abstract: Process for the continuous production of surface dyeings on cellulose fiber textile materials, characterized in that the textile materials are treated with an aqueous liquor containing at least 5 g/l of benzyl halide quaternized condensation products of precondensates of trialkanolamines and ureas, cyclic carbonates and/or epihalohydrins and/or benzyl chloride quaternized condensation products of piperazine and epichloronydrin, and 0.02 to 1 g/l of a phosphoric triester whose alcohol component has 6 to 18 carbon atoms, the textile materials thus treated are then dyed in another bath with reactive dyes in an aqueous medium and the dyes are fixed by treatment with an alkaline aqueous liquor and the dyeing finished in conventional manner. The individual cellulose fibers of the textile material are not completely penetrated by the dye but, on the contrary, exhibit ring dyeing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the addition of photosensitising compounds to woodpulps and mixtures thereof for enhancing their whiteness, brightness and chromaticity, as well as to the paper making fibres so obtained and the use thereof.

Abstract: A method for imparting a softer handle to cellulosic fibres which comprises treating the fibres with a) an amino functional polymer and b) silicone polymer capable of reacting with the reactive groupings of the amino functional polymer, so as to cause the polymers a) and b) to be applied to the cellulosic fibres. The method may be performed either as a continuous process or as a batch process.

Abstract: A spunlace non-woven cotton-based cloth which can be repetitively laundered without significant deterioration in the mechanical and textile properties thereof, including cotton fibers impregnated with polyamide-amine-epichlorohydrin resin. The resin is present in an amount of 0.2% to 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of the cotton fibers.

Abstract: In a method for the flame-retardant treatment of fabrics by impregnation with a condensate of a tetrakis (hydroxyorgano) phosphonium salt and, e.g., urea, the addition of one or more protonated and neutralized amines to the impregnation solution increases the efficiency of fixation of the phosphonium salt within the fibers, improves its uniform distribution within the system and leads to improved flame-retardant and water-resistant properties.

Abstract: Water-soluble crosslinkable compounds obtainable by reaction of reactive products which contain halogenohydrin groups and have been obtained by reacting polyamines and epihalogenohydrin or 1,3-dihalogeno-2-hydroxy-propane with inorganic bases and subsequently reacting the resulting products with inorganic acids and/or organic acids, can be used as pigment binders and/or crosslinking agents in textile printing pastes.

Abstract: Solid substrates with free hydroxyl groups are phosphorylated by thermolysing a solution of phosphoramidate of the formula ##STR1## in the presence of the substrate, whereby metaphosphate is generated which phosphorylates the substrate.

Abstract: A process for the production of a spunlace nonwoven cloth based on cotton fibers, which includes continuously advancing the cloth (1) based on cotton fibers, interlacing (2, 3) those fibers with the aid of a plurality of water jets under pressure, drying (8) the interlaced cloth, and, finally, taking delivery (10) of the spunlace cloth (9) thus obtained. After interlacing (2, 3) and before drying (8) the free water contained in the interlaced cloth (4) is drained (5), then the drained cloth is impregnated (6) using an aqueous solution of a polyamide-amine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin in an amount, measured as solids, of 0.2% to 1% of the weight of the cotton fibers, and after having expelled the excess solution, the impregnated cloth (7) is dried (8) at a temperature sufficient to at least trigger the cross-linking of the PAE resin deposited.

Abstract: Anionically dyeable smooth-dry crosslinked cellulose is produced by modifying cellulose-containing material with the combination of a hydroxyalkylamine or a hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, a methylolamide crosslinking agent and one or more reactively inert glycol ether swelling agents. The reaction is typically catalyzed with salts such as zinc nitrate or magnesium chloride used either alone or in conjunction with citric acid. Types of usable anionic dyes include acid, direct, and reactive dyes. The cellulose-containing material may be in the form of fibers, threads, linters, roving, fabrics, yarns, slivers and paper.

Abstract: A hermetic enclosure assembly, having utility for preservational storage and/or display of objects susceptible to degradation by exposure conditions such as ultraviolet radiation, visible light, oxygen, humidity, microbial, fungal, and insect species, internal acidity and external acidic gases, and the like. The enclosure assembly includes a gas-impervious housing, a mounting base, and a back cover plate, with an oxygen indicating means in communication with an interior volume of the enclosure assembly, and a slow vapor-released deacidification medium being arranged for dispersing deacidification medium vapor into the interior volume of the enclosure assembly. Also disclosed is an appertaining method of preservationally and protectively enclosing an object for storage and/or display. The invention has particular utility in the storage and/or display of cellulosic objects, which are especially susceptible to embrittlement and decay at low pH conditions, in exposure to visible light, oxygen, and moisture.

Abstract: This invention relates to an article comprising:(A) at least one polymer fabric treated with (B) at least one wetting agent which comprises at least one compound of the formulae ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently a hydrocarbyl group having from about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms; each R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group or polyoxyalkylene group; each R.sub.3 is independently an alkylene group; R.sub.4 is an alkyl group or polyoxyalkylene group; n is 1 to about 150; and M is a hydrogen, an ammonium cation or a metal cation.The treated polymer fabrics of the present invention have improved wicking/wetting characteristics. Further, the fabrics maintain these characteristics upon repeated exposure to fluids.

Abstract: Durable press finishes are applied to cellulosic materials such as cotton by cross-linking a polycarboxylic acid within the cellulosic fibers using a cyanamide compound cross-linker devoid of phosphorus. Wrinkle-resistant, durable cellulosic materials free from formaldehyde odor result.

Abstract: A cellulosic fabric which causes no injury by chlorine and has superior shrinkage resistance can be obtained by the finishing method of the present invention which comprises applying an aqueous solution of a phosphorus amide compound to a cellulosic fabric, drying the fabric applied with the solution of phosphorus amide compound, then heat treating the fabric, and thereafter treating the fabric with an aqueous solution an acid.

Abstract: The present application relates to a composition in the form of an aqueous dispersion containing(1) polyethylene dispersed in a known manner and having certain physical data,(2) organopolysiloxanes having nitrogen-containing groups in dispersed form, in which at least some of the nitrogen is present in the form of amido groups and the remainder is present in the form of primary and secondary amino groups and(3) if appropriate known softening agents in dispersed or dissolved form.A process for softening treatment of fiber materials is also claimed.

Abstract: Water-dilutable compositions consisting essentially of(a) an acylated polyamine derivative selected from the group consisting of:1. a polyamine acylated by introduction of at least one radical of a C.sub.12-24 -fatty acid and oxyalkylated,2. an alkylated derivative of 1.,3. a quaternated derivative of 1 or 2,4. a protonated derivative of 1., 2. or 3.,or a mixture thereof and(b) an alcohol-ether of the average formulaR--O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n H (I),wherein R is C.sub.1-4 -alkyland n is a number from 3 to 12and optionally(c) a hydrophilic surfactantare eminently suitable for finishing, in particular softening, fibrous material.

Abstract: A broad class of antimicrobial fabrics result from graft copolymerization of a functionalized vinyl monomer onto a base fabric followed by reaction of the functional group of the graft copolymer, or some derivative thereof, with another functional group of an antimicrobial reagent with formation of a covalent bond. When electron beam irradiation is used to effect graft copolymerization virtually any organic fabric may be used. The multiplicity of functional groups on the graft copolymer also makes possible reaction with several different antimicrobials to afford a broad spectrum antimicrobial fabric.

Abstract: Novel alkanephosphonic monoester salts, preparation thereof and use thereof as spin finishes for textile fibersAlkylphosphonic monoester salts of the formula ##STR1## where R, if p=1, is alkyl, and, if p=4, a carbon atom, R.sup.1 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, A denotes C.sub.2 H.sub.4 and/or C.sub.3 H.sub.7, m denotes a number from 15 to 35, R.sup.2 denotes C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 -alkyl, n denotes a number from 0 to 15, and p denotes 1 or 4 . These compounds are suitable for use as spin finishes for textile fibers and are distinguished by very good thermostability.

Abstract: A textile finishing agent comprising, by weight, about(A) 50-80 parts of an aqueous colloidal suspension, in the form of a sol, at least one of an organosilsesequioxane having units of the formula RSiO.sub.3/2 (wherein R is optionally substituted alkyl or aryl of up to 7 carbon atoms) and a cocondensate of a hydrolyzate of a tetraalkoxysilane with an organotrialkoxysilane having RSiO.sub.3/2 or SiO.sub.2 units, and(B) 20-50 parts of an aqueous dispersion which contains about 5 to 50% by weight of an organic polymer resin which contains perfluoroalkyl groups which have 3 to 20 C atoms and which, in addition to fluorine atoms, can contain at most 1 hydrogen atom or chlorine atom per 2 C atoms and in which the perfluoroalkyl chain can be interrupted by oxygen and which has a fluorine content of about 0.2 to 40% by weight.Textiles finished therewith are hydrophilic, oleophilic and soil resistant.

Abstract: Processes for dyeing, print-dyeing and differentially dyeing smooth-dry cellulose containing fabric are disclosed. Cellulose containing fabric is treated with a solution of crosslinking agent and a reactive additive which can be either polyethylene glycol or choline quaternary. The resultant fabric can then be dyed with a cellulosic dye. Print-dyeing is accomplished by selective application of a choline quaternary to a fabric padded crosslinking agent or by printing with a combination of crosslinking agent and choline quaternary on an untreated cellulosic fabric. These treatments are then followed by curing and dyeing. Differential dyeing is accomplished by first treating separate yarns with different solutions containing crosslinking agent with and without choline quaternary, drying, knitting, curing and dyeing the knitted fabric.

Abstract: Basic polycondensates which are obtainable by reactingA. a reaction product of1. a dihalogenohydrocarbon and/or a dihalogenoalkyl ether and2. a polyamine which contains two terminal primary and/or secondary and at least one internal tertiary amino group, which amino groups can also be part of a ring,in a molar ratio of 0.7:1 to 1.8:1 withB. an epihalogenohydrin or 1,3-dihalogeno-2-propanol in a molar ratio of 0.2 to 5.0 moles of B per mole of base nitrogen in A,find utility for treating fibre materials which contain hydroxyl or amide groups before or after dyeing or printing and as auxiliaries in papermaking.

Abstract: Polyamides of trialkylacetic acids and polyamines are new compounds which are of an oily nature at washing temperatures in the 10.degree. to 90.degree. C. range, are capable of being adsorbed from wash and rinse waters by fibrous material, such as laundry, of synthetic fabrics, e.g., polyesters, which laundry is susceptible to being electrostatically charged, and decrease any electrostatic charge or inhibit accumulation thereof on such materials. Such polyamides, e.g., those of neodecanoic acid and ethylene diamine or hexamethylene diamine, N,N'-ethylene-bis-neodecanoamide and N,N'-hexamethylene-bis-neodecanoamide, respectively, can be incorporated in detergent compositions, in compositions for addition to rinse waters and in compositions for application to laundry in a laundry dryer.

Abstract: Cotton and cotton-containing fabrics are desized in strongly alkaline aqueous solution with an alkali metal hypochlorite by a process in which from 0.5 to 8.0 g/l of a tertiary hydroxyalkylamine which is soluble in aqueous alkaline solution, of an oxyethylated and/or oxypropylated ethylenediamine, of an oxyethylated polyethyleneimine, of malonic acid, of cyanuric acid, of a cyanuric acid derivative, of a urea derivative, of cyanoguanidine, of oxazolidone, of pyrrolidone, of N-methylpyrrolidone, of N-methylimidazole or of a mixture of these is added to the aqueous bath, as an activator for the hypochlorite. Activators for hypochlorite are used in the desizing of cotton and cotton-containing fabrics in strongly alkaline aqueous solutions.

Abstract: The invention is a fibrous, cationic cellulose pulp product and the method for preparing it. A water suspension of cellulosic fiber is treated under alkaline conditions with a condensate of epichlorohydrin and dimethylamine. Up to 30 molar percent of the DMA may be replaced by a crosslinking agent such as ammonia or a lower aliphatic diamine. The process may be carried out at room or elevated temperatures. It is practical to add the condensate at one of the later alkaline stages of a bleaching process; e.g., an alkaline extraction or peroxide stage. This is most preferably done later than any chlorination or hypochlorite stages. The product shows greatly improved retention of acid and other anionic dyes. It also shows superior retention of some pigments and latices without the need for other cationic aids. In some cases a small amount of alum appears to have a synergistic retention effect with the cationic pulp product when used with titanium dioxide and certain anionic latices.

Abstract: Aqueous wax dispersions containing a non-oxidized paraffin wax, a cationic surfactant of formula I ##STR1## in which the significances of the symbols are given in the text, and optionally a cold stabilizer such as ethylene glycol, have excellent stability when used for textile finishing under high-shear conditions, for example in jet dyeing machines.

Abstract: Cellulose acetate fibers are treated with hot aqueous or ethanolic solutions of o-phenylenediamine, triethylene tetramine or toluene diamine to improve the wrinkle resistance of fabrics, increase moisture regain, reduce static accumulation, and increase affinity for acid dyes.

Abstract: An antimicrobial fabric is comprised of an aminoalkylsilylated fabric to which is covalently bonded an antimicrobial agent through an intermediate polyfunctional spacer moiety. The antimicrobial agent is maintained well away from the fabric surface, thereby minimizing surface effects on antimicrobial action.

Abstract: Fibrous materials of any kind is finished with an organic compound having fiber-finishing properties and containing one or several groups of the formula ##STR1## in which X is sulfonyl or carbonyl and A represents hydrogen or one equivalent of a mono-, bi- or trivalent metal or an ammonium group, is applied onto the fibrous material in the form of an aqueous or organo-aqueous solution or dispersion, and the fibrous material thus treated is then subjected, if necessary, to a heat treatment for the fixation of this organic compound onto the fibrous material. Organic fiber-finishing compounds containing the above-mentioned group may be for example dyestuffs, optical brighteners or compounds increasing the crease resistance.

Abstract: A finishing agent for fabrics containing cellulose that is free of formaldehyde is prepared from equimolar amounts of methyl carbamate and glutaraldehyde. The reaction product, although unstable in dilute aqueous solution, can be applied to fabric from concentrated aqueous solution or can be methylated for application from dilute solution. Fabric is given wrinkle-resistance and durable-press properties with no release of formaldehyde from the agent or from the treated fabric.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture of a curable urea-aldehyde resin or other crosslinking agent and a nitroalkanol or nitroalkane and having particular utility for treating textiles and non-woven cellulose products to provide permanent press and wrinkle-resistant characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of certain co-solvents in cellulose amine N-oxide solutions, which co-solvents increase the cellulose dissolution rate; lower the temperatures necessary to reasonably form a solution; lower the viscosity of the solution; provide solutions with improved color, amine oxide stability, and cellulose stability, provide a solution with improved flow characteristics; increase solution processability, e.g. wet spinning; permit the replacement of amine oxides by a less expensive co-solvent; and are recoverable and reusable in cellulose dissolution and processing.The co-solvents of the invention comprise compounds, miscible with cellulose-dissolving amine N-oxides, containing primary, or combinations of primary and secondary, amino groups wherein the amino groups are bonded to alkyl, alicyclic, dialkyl ether or alkyl/alicyclic radical(s) and wherein the number of carbon atoms divided by the number of primary amino groups is approximately equal to or less than 4; or#C/#NH.sub.2 .

Abstract: Smolder resistance is imparted to cotton and cotton-containing fabrics by applying a certain boron-nitrogen-phosphorus system to the fabric, employing conventional equipment. An inorganic boron compound is placed in solution with a phosphorus-containing compound, then a nitrogen-containing compound is added. The aqueous mixture is applied using conventional textile equipment, dried, and cured by standard methods.

Abstract: Black, flame-resistant, substantially inert, non-conductive, flexible textile materials are produced by impregnating a scoured regenerated cellulosic textile material with a composition containing (a) a compound having in one tautomeric form, the general formula ##STR1## in which X is oxygen, sulphur or --NH--, and Z is --NH.sub.2, --NHGN, --NH.NH.sub.2, --NH.CO.NH.sub.2 or lower alkyl or X and Z taken together represent a trivalent nitrogen atom, and (b) an ammonium salt of an oxy-acid of phosphorus, heating the impregnated textile in an oxygen-containing gas to a temperature of 220.degree.-300.degree. C. until a black, flame retardant product is obtained and there has been a loss in weight based upon the original weight of the textile material, of 20% to 30%.

Abstract: Change of color of grafted fiber or fibrous material having active hydrogen can be prevented by treating the fiber or fibrous material with a processing agent consisting mainly of a compound having the following general formula ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 -M.sub.5 represent a hydrogen atom or alkali metal, and n represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: A cellulosic ion-exchange fiber having a functional group represented by the formula, ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2 and M is a hydrogen atom, alkali metal or ammonium residue, is produced by dipping a cellulosic fiber in an aqueous solution containing an intermediate of the formula, ##STR2## wherein n and M are as defined above; and X is halogen, in the presence of an alkali and applying heat treatment, thereby introducing the above-mentioned functional group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of finishing textiles by contacting the textile with an aqueous emulsion of a curable composition consisting essentially of(a) an acrylic copolymer consisting of (1) a major proportion of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic esters and methacrylic esters and (2) a minor proportion of another monomer copolymerizable therewith, and(b) at least one curing agent selected from the group consisting of lysine, ornithine, arginine, glutamine, asparagine, citrulline, cystine, hydroxylysine, and salts of these amino acids, and curing the curable composition on the textile at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of cellulose fibres in the form of a doubled pre-drawn sliver, by impregnating with fixing agents of the formula ##STR1## IN WHICH: R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, or hydroxyl-substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be jointed to form a ring with N,R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or methyl,X.sup.n(-) represents an anion andn represents 1, 2 or 3,And with adhesives, and subsequently subjecting to a fixing process.

Abstract: A method for reducing the pilling tendency of textiles including polyester fibers which comprises subjecting the textile to an aliphatic amine having at least 10 carbon atoms, the concentration of the amine being between about 0.5% and 10% based on the dry weight of the textile.

Abstract: Azido formyl or azido sulfonyl compounds are provided by compounds of the formula R(CH.sub.2).sub.m X wherein R represents a fluorocarbon or an alkoxy alkyl chain and X represents a sulphonazide or azidoformate group and m is an integer greater than 1. The R group may be C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkoxy substituted C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkyl, or C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 linear or branched fluoroalkyl. The group (CH.sub.2).sub.m is C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 linear or branched alkylene. These materials upon thermolysis give rise to a reactive intermediate which adds to and protects polymeric substrates such including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, the natural rubbers, polyamides, polyesters, polybutadienes, polyisoprenes, butadiene-isoprene copolymer, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-dicyclopentadiene terpolymer, and the like, as well as blends thereof.

Abstract: Certain chemically modified cotton fabrics have been treated with vapors of glycidol at reduced pressures in a heated chamber to impart improved wet and dry wrinkle recovery characteristics.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting fiber yellowing occuring at the time of the alkaline treatment, which comprises treating fibrous material with an alkaline substance, a functional compound capable of reacting under alkaline conditions, and aminoacid or the derivative thereof, and thereafter subjecting said treated fibrous material to the heat treatment at a temperature of 100.degree. C or higher.

Abstract: Cellulosic textiles are impregnated with an aqueous solution containing a methylol crosslinking reagent and either a half amide of a 1,2- or 1,3-dicarboxylic acid or a half ammonium, sodium, or potassium salt of a 1,2- or 1,3-dicarboxylic acid. After the impregnated textiles are cured, they have high levels of crosslinking as indicated by high resilience and high levels of acidic groups as indicated by basic dye adsorption and the ability to form new, permanent creases when pressed at high temperatures.