Abstract: A process for dyeing certain textile fibers, utilizing vat acid dyeing and specific additional (second) reducing agents such as &agr;-hydroxyalkylsulfinic acids, their salts and 1,2,4-trithiolane, resulting in excellent depth of shade and washfastness, is provided.

Abstract: A composition for coloring keratin fibers comprises, a physiologically acceptable medium and an efficacious quantity of at least one coloring material precursor selected from the compounds containing at least one aromatic ring having at least two hydroxyl groups borne by two adjacent carbon atoms of the aromatic ring, an efficacious quantity of at least one oxidation base of the para or ortho type selected from the aromatic amines, and an efficacious quantity of a catalytic system comprising a first constituent selected from the group consisting of salts and oxides of Mn(II) and/or Zn(II) and their mixtures, and a second constituent selected from the group consisting of alkali hydrogen carbonates, alkaline earth hydrogen carbonates and their mixtures. Keratin fibers may be colored by the application of this composition thereto.

Abstract: In textile products (e.g. yarns, woven fabrics, knit fabrics) comprising highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers (made of acrylic fibers by partially hydrolyzing a nitrile group to generate an amido group and a carboxylic acid group), fibers blended with the highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers can be dyed in an even hue. A pre-dyeing treatment process for such textile products (e.g. yarns, woven fabrics, knit fabrics) comprising highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers comprises a pretreatment step of immersing the textile product into an acidic solution and treating it at a high temperature and an elevated pressure. A dyeing process comprises the steps of conducting this pre-dyeing treatment process, and thereafter conventionally dyeing fibers blended with the highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers. A pretreated and undyed textile product and a dyed textile product are obtained by the pre-dyeing treatment process and the dyeing process mentioned above, respectively.

Abstract: A novel aqueous dye-accelerant composition that allows for the effective and rapid reaction of a dye with the fibers of a substrate such that the dye becomes evenly attached to the substrate within seconds is provided. The dye-accelerant composition generally comprises: an organic solvent; at least one dispersing agent; a chelating agent; and a vehicle. In another embodiment, a dyeing process utilizing the dye-accelerant composition, which includes five primary treatment processes: a pre-treatment process, a bleaching process, a neutralize and dye accelerant process, a dyeing process, and a dye stop or fixing process is provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns a ready-to-use oxidation composition for dyeing keratinous fibres, in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidation colouring agent, at least an acid direct colouring agent comprising in its structure at least a sulphonic function or at least a carboxylic function, and at least an enzyme such as laccase, as well as the dyeing method using said composition.

Abstract: Modified silk processed according to an embodiment of the present invention is an all-natural stretchable silk textile processed without synthetics. The modified silk includes commercially-advantageous physical properties such as stretchability and it is machine washable, wrinkle resistant, stain resistant, and water proof/repellant, which render the silk very versatile and wearable. The process comprises collecting silk, boiling the silk in a water and vinegar solution, whereupon the silk becomes stretchable or elastic. The silk may then be soaked in water and vinegar to add a wrinkle resistant effect. The silk is then fabricated into a silk textile for example in a cross weave configuration, adding an elastic quality without synthetics. The finished product may then be soaked in lemon grass and water to make it stain resistant.

Abstract: A liquid dyestuff composition comprising from 4 to 50 wt % of a basic or cationic water soluble dyestuff, an organic or inorganic acid and 0.1 to 15.0 wt % of a phenolic derivative, the dyestuff having a solubility in water in the presence or absence of a phenolic derivative of at least 1 g/liter at a temperature of 25° C. and the composition being made up to 100 wt % by water and optionally a water-miscible solvent and/or a dissolving auxiliary; a process of dyeing a substrate like paper with such composition; a powder or granulate form of such composition and the use of such a composition or powder or granulate thereof in a dyeing process.

Abstract: Micro-particles of transition metals or their compounds can be generated as an integral part of a fiber by first attaching a nucleating agent to the fiber, and then adding a solution of metal ions. The ions are reduced by the nucleating agent in the fiber, and micro-particles are generated in or on the fiber. Because of the strong color signal resulting from a low concentration of metal micro-particles, the method is cost effective even when using gold or titanium ions. Various colors were generated by changing the size and spacing of the micro-particles, the metal or metal complex used, and the characteristics of the fiber. The dyed fibers displayed colors ranging from pink, red, purple, yellow, orange, peach, brown, gold, silver, grey, green, and black. These colors resisted bleaching by either chemicals or light.

Abstract: A method for exhaust dyeing a polyester or polyester blend textile article with a disperse dye is provided whereby the article is first treated with an aliphatic amine to reduce the tensile strength of the polyester fibers, followed by dyeing the fabric in a bath containing from 1.0 to 3.0 weight percent based on the weight of the fabric, of a compound selected from the group consisting of:(a) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 aliphatic fatty acid ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues;(b) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 alcohol ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues; and(c) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 aliphatic amine ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues,to achieve a spot free, level dyed fabric, with reduced pilling tendencies.

Abstract: A method for finishing a cellulose fiber-containing textile fabric comprises treating a cellulose fiber-containing textile fabric with liquid ammonia, applying a resin finishing agent to said fabric, subjecting subsequently to either or both of a hot calendering treatment and a heat treatment, and finally treating the resultant fabric with hot water. The resultant fabric keeps its shape stability including a crease or shrink resistance when washed, without involving any problem on residual formaldehyde.

Abstract: An immersion method of dyeing textile material includes the steps of (a) providing a textile material comprising at least one of cotton and regenerated cellulosic fibers; (b) providing an aqueous dyebath in a weight ratio of dyebath:textile material of 10:1 to 20:1, the dyebath comprising a reactive dye and a carboxylate salt for salting out the dye onto the textile material, the carboxylate salt having a carboxylate anionic component and a monovalent cationic component, wherein the carboxylate salt is present in an amount effective for salting out the dye onto the textile material; (c) immersing the textile material in the aqueous dyebath under conditions sufficient to salt the dye onto the textile material; (d) adding to the dyebath an alkaline material to promote a reaction to form a chemical bond between the dye and the textile material; and (e) subjecting the dyebath containing the textile material and the alkaline material to conditions sufficient to form a chemical bond between the dye and the textile

Abstract: A process for dying materials containing natural or synthetic polyamides is disclosed. The process includes immersing the materials to be dyed in a dye bath containing an acid dye. The pH of the dye bath is initially at a level that substantially inhibits the dye from being absorbed by the polymer. In accordance with the present invention, however, an acid producing composition is added to the bath which gradually reduces the pH of the bath and allows for uniform diffusion of the dye into the polymer. The acid producing composition of the present invention is a maleate ester, which, in one embodiment, is the reaction product of maleic acid or maleic anhydride and a glycol.

Abstract: A liquid dyestuff composition comprising from 4 to 50 wt % of a basic or cationic water soluble dyestuff, an organic or inorganic acid and 0.1 to 15.0 wt % of a phenolic derivative, the dyestuff having a solubility in water in the presence or absence of a phenolic derivative of at least 1 g/liter at a temperature of 25.degree. C. and the composition being made up to 100 wt % by water and optionally a water-miscible solvent and/or a dissolving auxiliary; a process of dyeing a substrate like paper with such composition; a powder or granulate form of such composition and the use of such a composition or powder or granulate thereof in a dyeing process.

Abstract: A process for fixing dyes impregnated in fine-dimensional synthetic textile substrates in an environmentally safe manner. The process comprises contacting the dyed synthetic substrates with a phenol- and formaldehyde-free dye-fixative composition comprising:(a) polymethacrylic acid,(b) copolymers of methacrylic acid consisting essentially of methacrylic acid and an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer selected from the group consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid, sodium vinyl sulfonate, sodium styrene sulfonate, alkyl acrylate,(c) sulfamic acid, and(d) combinations of (a), (b) and (c).

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid or pulverulent textile dye preparations including one or more dispersants based on an alkoxylated and carboxylic-esterified castor oil of the general formula I ##STR1## where A, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3, n.sup.1 and n.sup.2 are each as defined in Claim 1.

Abstract: Processes for coloring a fiber or textile by adding a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating polyester, polyamide, acrylic, aramid or cellulosic substrates to improve the uniformity of dyeing and to improve the hydrophilic, soil-release, odor-, mildew-, bacterial- and fungal- resistant properties of these substrates.

Abstract: Aqueous, homogeneous 20 to 60% solutions (L) of mixtures of(A) copolymers of(x) (meth)acrylic acidwith (y) maleic acid or maleic acid anhydride in the molar ratio (x)/(y)=0.7/1 to 7/1, with an average molecular weight M.sub.w in the range of from 500 to 500'000, as free acids and/or sodium saltsand (B) Nitrilotriacetic acid as free acid and/or sodium salt,in which the weight ratio (A)/(B) is in the range of from 1/1 to 1/10 at least 25% of the total carboxy groups are present as sodium salt and the pH of (L) is in the range of from 5 to 11, are suitable as adjuvants for the treatment of fibrous material, in particular as scouring agents for dyeings of hydrophilic fibrous material.

Abstract: An aqueous reactive dye composition is disclosed. The aqueous reactive dye composition has improved storage stability and contains a water-soluble reactive dye and a chelating agent. The chelating agent is present in a sufficient concentration to maintain the pH of the aqueous reactive dye composition in the range of about 3.0 to about 7.0 and, preferably, about 5.0 to about 6.5. Desirable chelating agents are dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, or amino carboxylates, such as nitrilotriacetic acid. A method of stabilizing an aqueous reactive dye composition is disclosed and includes the step of dissolving a polycarboxylic acid or an amino carboxylate in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble reactive dye in a sufficient concentration to stabilize the pH of the composition.

Abstract: The invention consists of a process to improve the resistance to stains on fibres, processed or not, finished or not on the basis of dyeable natural or synthetic fibres, in particular polyamide. According to the invention the fibres are treated with a solution containing tannic acid and a condensation product of a sulphonated phenol- or naphtol-derivate with an aldehyde. The treatment can be made before, during or after the dyeing process. The treatment is done in an acid medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing wool-containing fibre materials with anionic dyes, which comprises dyeing said materials in the presence of a wool protective agent containing at least one compound of formula ##STR1## wherein the variables are as claimed in the claims. Rubfast level dyeings with no impairment of wool quality are obtainable by said process.

Abstract: Cationic dyes and protonated disperse and solvent dyes are solubilized by an excess (over molar equivalence) of an anionic surfactant to form dye baths and inks for paper. These materials are suitable for the dyeing and printing of cationic dye receptive materials inclusive of silk, wool, nylon, triacetate, vinyl, and cationic dye receptive acrylic, polyester, and polyolefins with water-fast cationic and disperse or solvent dyes. Baths of the solubilized solvent and disperse dyes may be partially neutralized and are suitable for dyeing polyester and other hydrophobic fibers thus eliminating the need for forming dispersions with disperse dyes.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing and printing of organic material, in particular fibre material, which comprises applying dyes containing at least one polymerisable double bond together with at lease one colourless cationic compound containing at least one polymerisable double bond and, if desired, one or more colourless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerisable double bond and, if desired, further auxiliaries to the organic material, in particular fibre material, and then fixing them by means of ionizing radiation.

Abstract: Dyeing of cellulosic substrates with reactive dyes in the presence of at least 20 g/l of sodium chloride, employing auxiliaries (E) of levelling activity, which are methylene-bridge-containing and sulpho-group-containing aromatic compounds, obtainable by condensation of defined sulphonation products with formaldehyde resp. formaldehyde-yielding compounds and optionally salt formation; (E)-contaning compositions that further contain at least one hydrotrope (H) and/or at least one sequestering agent (Q); and novel condensation products.

Abstract: Condensates of arenesulfonic acids and formaldehyde are prepared by sulfonating arenes obtainable by thermal cracking of a naphthenic residue oil and fractional distillation of the cracked products of the fraction obtained at 100-120.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure, sulfonating this aromatics fraction with oleum at 120.degree.-160.degree. C. using an amount of from 0.7 to 1.2 parts by weight of oleum having an SO.sub.3 content of 24% by weight per part by weight of aromatics fraction, and subsequently condensing the arenesulfonic acids with formaldehyde in a conventional manner, and are used as dispersants, in particular for preparing dye formulations.

Abstract: Improved dyeings or prints on cellulose, regenerated cellulose and/or mixtures of cellulose with natural or synthetic fiber materials using one or more reactive and/or direct dyes are obtained in the presence of a lithium compound.

Abstract: Described is a process for dyeing fibrous materials made of or containing wool with anionic dyes, which comprises dyeing these materials in the presence of a wool preservative comprising at least one compound of the formulaR--O--CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 --Y (1),where the variables are each as defined in the claims. The process makes available rub-fast level dyeings without deterioration in the quality of the wool.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid dye-leveling composition that is useful for imparting a dye leveling characteristic to fibers prior to, or during, the fiber dyeing operation. Also described is a process for preparing the dye-leveling composition, as well as a process for using the composition in the dyeing of fibers. The composition is particularly useful for treating polyamide fibers, such as nylon, but is also suitably used in the treatment of silk, wool, and other synthetic and natural fibers. The composition is also useful as a hard surface cleaner, adhesive additive, and a leveling agent for paints.

Abstract: A method of processing a textile material consisting wholly or partly of keratinous fibres, characterised in that the material is treated with an aqueous composition containing at least one compound which possesses one or more ethylenic double bonds activated by two adjacent carbonyl groups. Preferred compounds include fumaric acid or maleic acid, optionally substituted with one or two halo and/or alkyl groups; or a salt, ester or amide of any said acid; or an N-substituted maleimide, optionally substituted with one or two halo and/or alkyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid dye-leveling composition comprising a piperazine substituted organosulfonate that is useful for imparting a dye leveling characteristic to fibers prior to, or during, the fiber dyeing operation. Also described is a process for preparing the dye-leveling composition, as well as a process for using the composition in the dyeing of fibers. The composition is particularly useful for treating polyamide fibers, such as nylon, but is also suitably used in the treatment of silk, wool, and other synthetic and natural fibers.

Abstract: A process for the production of a black coloring material characterised by treating a compound selected from finely powdered sugar, protein and a polyamide polymer, having amino groups with a naphthoquinone derivative represented by the general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, R.sub.3 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or a hydroxylalkyl group, and n represents 1 or 2; cosmetics comprising a black coloring material produced by the above process; and a process for staining a substrate using the obtained black coloring material.

Abstract: A method is described for dyeing fibrous materials made of or containing wool with anionic dyes, which comprises dyeing these materials in the presence of a wool preservative comprising at least one compound of the formulaR--CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 --Y (I),where the variables are as defined in the claims. Rub-fast level dyeings are obtainable without deterioration in the quality of the wool.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the whiteness of a cellulosic material is described which comprises incorporating therein, or applying thereto, a fluorescent whitening agent, a water soluble phosphonate having 1 to 5 phosphonate groups and/or a water soluble carboxylate having 2 to 5 carboxylate groups at a neutral or alkaline pH.

Abstract: Low toxicity, biodegradable salt substitutes for use in dyeing of cotton and cotton blended fabrics. The salt substitutes are solubilized alkaline earth metal-organic complex compositions suitable to promote satisfactory dyeing. Preferably the composition is a mixture of magnesium acetate, magnesium citrate, and magnesium polyacrylate. After dyeing, a shift to alkaline pH in the wastewater treatment process allows for precipitation of the metal and the production of a biodegradable organic anion. The use of the salt compounds of the present invention in place of conventional sodium chloride or sulfate salts prevents the discharge of untreatable toxic wastewater into natural waterways.

Abstract: Dispersants of increased bioeliminability or biodegradability for use in dye and pigment preparations, as tanning aids, in plastics production and in crop protection formulations contain from 3 to 50% by weight of one or more aromatic or long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids, salts thereof or anhydrides thereof or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new dye-leveling agent for acid dyes, as well as a blend of the dye-leveling agent with a wetting agent. The acid dye-leveling agent enables polyamide-containing fibers to be evenly dyed without streaking during dyeing of the fibers. The dye-leveling agents are particularly useful with respect to nylon, wool, and silk fibers.

Abstract: On testing triphendioxazine reactive dyes it was found that they are unsuitable for almost all conventional single-step printing processes since they are not stable under these conditions.In the course of the development of an uncomplicated single-step printing process for these dyes, it has been found according to the invention, then, that by replacing the customary fixing alkali (NaHCO.sub.3) by stoichiometrically specific amounts of sodium acetate or sodium trichloroacetate or certain mixtures of sodium trichloroacetate and sodium acetate it is possible to fix triphendioxazine reactive dyes in full yields without change in hue. In addition, it is possible to print conventional print pastes.

Abstract: A mixture for the oxidative dyeing of human or animal hair, which is prepared immediately before application by mixing an oxidant and a dye base in cream, gel or powder form containing at least one oxidative dye and adjusting to a pH in the range of 8.0 to 10.5.The means contains in the freshly-prepared state a microencapsulated, acid-reacting compound in an amount which shifts the pH of the dye into the weakly alkaline (pH.ltoreq.8), neutral or acid range.The encapsulating material for the acid-reacting compound is soluble in the alkaline dye or changeable at least in its strength properties in the sense of a weakening, the wall thickness of the microcapsules being so adjusted that the walls are dissolved or weakened within a period between 10 and 60 minutes to such an extent that the acid-reacting compound is able by itself or upon the exertion of an additional mechanical stress to emerge into the dye.Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the means for the redyeing of dyed hair.

Abstract: Plant materials such as petals, leaves, fruits, are gathered, dried at a minimum temperature of 70.degree. C., and pulverized so as to produce light-fast, lustrous dyestuffs. Subsequently, an acid or base substance is added. It is preferred that a pH value that corresponds to the pH value of the plant materials when fresh is set. A binding agent can be added subsequently.

Abstract: Salts of ionic dyes with compounds which contain at least one ammonium, cycloammonium or immonium group and at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or carbonyl radical-substituted aromatic group or containing a piperazine or piperidine group or a heteroaromatic group selected from those of the triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phthalazine or phthalimidine series or which contain at least two carboxylic acid groups, at least one amino groups and at least one carboxylic acid group or at least one sulfonic acid group and one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, monocyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic group are useful for dyeing synthetic materials, particularly synthetic polyamides in the mass. The obtained dyeings have exceptionally good wet fastness.

Abstract: Cloth is dyed using a reactive dye, an alkaline substance and a leveling agent. The leveling agent is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of phospholipids obtained from animals or plants, compounds having the formula I and compounds having the formula II: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 each denotes alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, or M, with the proviso that both of R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are not M simultaneously; R.sub.2 denotes alkylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; 1 and m each denote 0 or an integer of at least 1; and M denotes alkali metal or hydrogen, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 denotes alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, straight chain, hydroxy-substituted alkenyloxy or branched chain, hydroxy-substituted alkenyloxy; X and Y each denote hydrogen, alkoxy, alkyl, or ##STR3## wherein M denotes alkali metal or hydrogen; and n denotes an integer of at least 1.

Abstract: A process for the pre-treatment of natural and regenerated cellulosic fibres and blends thereof with synthetic fibres for the purpose of subsequent transfer printing comprises applying to said fibres a composition comprising a mixture of hexamethoxymethyl melamine and a C.sub.4-8 glycol in the presence of water, and drying said fibres at a temperature below 180.degree. C.The above compositions per se, with or without water and polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride polymer or copolymer emulsions or dispersions, are also claimed.

Abstract: Mixture of dyeing assistants containing(A) an acid ester, or salts thereof, of an alkylene oxide adduct of the formula ##STR1## in which V is hydrogen or methyl, X is the acid radical of an inorganic acid containing oxygen, or the radical of an organic acid and Y is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, "alkylene" is the ethylene or propylene radical and m is 1 to 3, m.sub.1 is 1 or 2 and n is 4 to 50,(B) a nonionic surfactant containing polyglycol ether groups, and(C) an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid ester, an alkylbenzene, tetralin or a mixture of these substances.The mixture of assistants is employed in the dyeing of synthetic fibre materials, in particular textile material containing polyester fibres, for increasing the rate of migration of disperse dyes.

Abstract: Concentrated solutions of cationic dyes are prepared by treating the cationic dyes, which contain as the counterions the anions customarily present during their preparation, with alkali metal salts of monocarboxylic acids and with or without complexing agents in an aqueous glycol ether medium, and separating off the organic phase, which contains the dyes in the form of their monocarboxylic acid salts.

Abstract: A process is provided for direct coloring of textile fibres comprising appropriately pre-treating said fibres, preparing a solution of a cross-linking agent being a solution of a water insoluble technical hexamethoxymethyl melamine in a C.sub.4-8 glycol, adding said solution of the cross-linking agent to a dye liquor or printing paste containing a colorant (excluding cationic dyestuffs) in the presence of an acid donor, applying the resultant mixture to said fibres and drying and curing said fibres.Also provided is a dye liquor or print paste comprising a colorant (excluding cationic dyestuffs), an acid donor and a cross-linking agent being a solution of a water insoluble technical hexamethoxymethyl melamine in a C.sub.4-8 glycol.

Abstract: A dye composition comprising (a) a water insoluble nigrosine dye, induline dye or basic dye, (b) a water miscible solvent, and (c) a hydroxycarboxylic acid having at least three hydroxy groups is useful in preparing aqueous inks and dye baths. If desired, such baths may also include a mordant, a humectant and a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: Fabrics constructed of high-modulus, high-tenacity, low-shrinkage polyamide fabrics are continuously dyed with acid dyes by applying at ambient temperatures a pad bath solution formulated to provide a continuous film on the fabric surface followed by drying and dry heat curing or thermosoling at elevated temperatures to fix the dye molecules inside the fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to chromium complexes of the formula ##STR1## in which A is the radical of a dicyclically metallizable azo or azomethine dye, B is the radical of a potentially at least bidentate bianionic complexible organic compound which contains no azo or azomethine group, L is a colorless monofunctional ligand, X is a fibre-reactive radical, Ka is a cation, K is 0 or 1, m is 1, 2 or 3, n is 1 or 2, and the X radical and the SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. Ka group are each bonded to the radicals A and B, to a process for preparing the chromium complexes of the formula (1), and to a combined preparation and dyeing process.

Abstract: A composition for coloring bait which comprises (a) at least one biologically acceptable and palatable colorant; (b) a mordant for binding said colorant to live bait; (c) a surfactant or an acidulant; and (d) an aqueous carrier. A kit for coloring live bait to catch fish comprising (a), (b) and (c) of the composition also forms part of the invention.

Abstract: Black trisazo dyes for cellulosic textiles, leather and especially paper having the structure ##STR1## where A is ##STR2## one of B.sub.1 and B.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is --SO.sub.3 M or a mixture thereof, and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium or --HNR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent the same or different substituents selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl, and stable liquid concentrates of these dyes are described.