Abstract: A dye mixture comprising at least two dyes of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which: D is phenyl or naphthyl which is substituted by 1, 2 or 3, sulfo groupsR.sup.A is aminocarbonyl of the formula --CO--NH.sub.2 or is a group of the formula (2) ##STR2## in which X is fluoro or hydroxyl,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or chloro,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy,Y is vinyl or is ethyl substituted in .beta.-position by a substituent which can be eliminated by the action of an alkali to form the vinyl group, or is .beta.-hydroxyethyl, andn is zero or 1 (and if n is zero this group is hydrogen).

Abstract: A process for recovering a vat dye from a textile using a heated organic solvent. The textile is contacted with a heated organic solvent in which the dye is soluble until dye is extracted from the textile into the solvent to produce a dye-containing solvent solution. The dye is then recovered from the organic solvent by evaporation of the solvent leaving a dye residue, cooling and precipitation of the dye, or extraction of the dye by contacting the dye-containing solvent solution with an aqueous solution containing a reducing agent for the dye. When dye is extracted from the dye-containing solvent solution by contacting it with an aqueous solution containing a reducing agent, the dye is subsequently insolubilized by oxidation, and the dye is recovered from the aqueous dye solution. This process is particularly advantageous for recovering indigo dye from denim scrap.

Abstract: Dye mixtures comprising at least one compound of the formula ##STR1## and at least one compound of the formula ##STR2## in which the variables are as defined in the claims,which are suitable as fibre-reactive dyes for dyeing widely varying fibre materials, are described.

Abstract: An immersion method of dyeing textile material includes the steps of (a) providing a textile material comprising at least one of cotton and regenerated cellulosic fibers; (b) providing an aqueous dyebath in a weight ratio of dyebath:textile material of 10:1 to 20:1, the dyebath comprising a reactive dye and a carboxylate salt for salting out the dye onto the textile material, the carboxylate salt having a carboxylate anionic component and a monovalent cationic component, wherein the carboxylate salt is present in an amount effective for salting out the dye onto the textile material; (c) immersing the textile material in the aqueous dyebath under conditions sufficient to salt the dye onto the textile material; (d) adding to the dyebath an alkaline material to promote a reaction to form a chemical bond between the dye and the textile material; and (e) subjecting the dyebath containing the textile material and the alkaline material to conditions sufficient to form a chemical bond between the dye and the textile

Abstract: Continuous dyeing of cellulose-containing yarn with indigo in a single operation is disclosed, in that the reduced indigo from an aqueous dye liquor containing reducing agents, alkali, and additionally a further dissolved alkali metal salt in a concentration of 200 to 350 g/l as the electrolyte, and whose pH value has been adjusted to 10.2 to 11.3, is applied to the yarn. The reduced indigo absorbed by the fibers is oxidized again to pigment while maintaining the high concentration of electrolyte, and the dye process is finished in the customary manner.

Abstract: Methods of dyeing a material, comprising treating the material with a dyeing system which comprises (a) one or more mono-, di- or polycyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds, and (b) (i) a hydrogen peroxide source and an enzyme exhibiting peroxidase activity or (ii) an enzyme exhibiting oxidase activity on the one or more aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds; wherein the material is a fabric, yarn, fiber, garment or film made of cotton, diacetate, flax, linen, lyocel, polyacrylic, synthetic polyamide, polyester, ramie, rayon, tencel, or triacetate.

Abstract: A process for dyeing or printing cellulosic fiber materials, which comprises using at least one reactive dye of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of one another hydrogen, halogen, sulfo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently of the other hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkanoylamino, ureido, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy which is unsubstituted or substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxyl, sulfato or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are each independently of the other vinyl or the radical --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --U, andU is a leaving group.

Abstract: An improved method for fixing color of a dyed textile fabric by coating a dyed textile with an acrylamide polymer which has been reacted with glyoxal at a mole ratio of glyoxal to polymer of at least 0.8:1. Preferably the dyed textile fabric has been pre-coated with an anionic polymer.

Abstract: Cellullosic textile materials are dyed by a pad or spraying process using a solution which contains 5-100 g/l of inorganic polyphosphate and has a pH of 10-13.5.

Abstract: 050234814The present invention relates to a process for increasing the sun protection factor of cellulosic fiber materials, which comprises treating the cellulosic fiber materials with at least one reactive dye and at least one reactive UV absorber.

Abstract: A process for continuous dyeing of cellulose-containing yarn with indigo in a single passage applies reduced indigo from an aqueous dye liquor containing deoxidants, alkali and a dissolved alkali metal salt at a concentration of 100 to 200 g/l as an electrolyte at a pH value of the liquor adjusted to about 10.2 to 11.3, while maintaining the electrolyte concentration, exposing the yarn to a gas which dissolves in the aqueous medium while forming an acid, and then oxidizing reduced indigo in the yarn to form pigment and finishing the dyeing process in a customary manner.

Abstract: The present invention concerns orange dye mixtures of fiber-reactive azo dyes, suitable for dyeing hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-containing material, such as cellulose fibers, like cotton, or wool and nylon, which comprise one or more monoazo dyestuffs corresponding to the general formula (1) and one or more monoazo dyestuffs corresponding to the formula (2) ##STR1## in which D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 are each, independently from one another, a radical of a benzene or naphthalene nucleus, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each, independently from one another, hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, sulfo or carboxy, M is hydrogen or an alkali metal and the groups Y.sub.1 --SO.sub.2 -- and Y.sub.2 --SO.sub.2 -- are each fiber reactive groups of the vinylsulfone series.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 independently of one another are the radical of a monoazo, polyazo, metal complex azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, azomethine, dioxazine, phenazine, stilbene, triphenylmethane, xanthene, thioxanthone, nitroaryl, naphthoquinone, pyrenequinone or perylenetetracarbimide dye,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently of one another are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 independently of one another are halogen, carboxypyridinium, substituted or unsubstituted amino or a heterocyclic radical bonded via a nitrogen atom andn is a number from 1 to 7,are particularly suitable for dyeing or printing fiber materials containing hydroxyl groups or nitrogen. Dyeings with good fastness properties are obtained with a high dyeing yield.

Abstract: A dye mixture comprising one or more disazo dyes composed of 1-amino-3,6-disulfo-8-naphthol as the coupling component and of two diazo components of the aniline series containing each a fiber-reactive group of the vinylsulfone series, one or more monoazo dyes composed of a carboxy-substituted benzoylamino-sulfo-naphthol coupling component and a diazo component of the aniline series, containing a fiber-reactive group of the vinylsulfone series and optionally one or two monoazo dyes with 1-amino-3,6-disulfo-8-naphthol as a coupling component to which is coupled in the ortho-position to the amino group a diazo component of the aniline series substituted by a fiber-reactive group of the vinylsulfone series. The dye mixtures yield on hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-containing fiber materials, such as cellulose fibers, in particular cotton, or on, for example, wool and synthetic polyamide fibers, deep black dyeings.

Abstract: A process for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic polyamide fiber material by the trichromatic technique, which comprises using at least one blue-dyeing dye of formula ##STR1## together with at least one red-dyeing dye of formula ##STR2## together with at least one yellow- or orange-dyeing dye of formula ##STR3##

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of overdyeing a warp dyed denim textile, comprising treating the textile in an aqueous dye liquor with a dye system which comprises an effective amount of (a) one or more mono-, di- or polycyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds and (b) (i) a hydrogen peroxide source and at least one enzyme exhibiting peroxidase activity and/or (ii) at least one enzyme exhibiting oxidase activity on the one or more aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds.

Abstract: A process of preparing a dye composition and a resultant dye composition. The process includes preparing a mixture comprising a triphenylmethane dye and oxidation products by reacting methylenedianiline, aniline, an oxidation catalyst, and an oxidant; separating the oxidation products from the triphenylmethane dye to produce an aqueous solution of oxidation products; treating the solution of oxidation products with a basic compound; separating unreacted aniline from the solution of oxidation products and forming a mixture of oxidation products; and sulfonating the mixture of oxidation products to form a dye composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dye-fixing agent, obtainable by reacting in a first reaction step, either a homopolymer of diallylamine or N-methyl-diallylamine or a copolymer of diallylamine and N-methyl-diallylamine, with an epihalohydrin, the reaction optionally taking place in the presence of an aliphatic amine or polyamine, or reacting the homopolymer or copolymer with a product obtainable by a reaction of epihalohydrin with an aliphatic amine or polyamine, optionally followed by partial quaternization of the reaction product of the first reaction step, characterized in that the end product possesses at least 10 mol % of tertiary amino groups of the following formula (I), based on the total number of amino groups ##STR1## wherein X=halogen, with the provisos that when the homopolymer is an N-methyl-diallylamine, the presence of an aliphatic amine or a polyamine is obligatory in the reaction with the epihalohydrin and when the homopolymer is a homopolymer of diallylamine, partial quaternisation of the re

Abstract: Improved compositions for dyeing or printing textile materials of natural or synthetic fibers or mixtures of the two comprise polyaspartic acid or a derivative thereof and, if appropriate, wetting agents, emulsifiers, leveling agents, dispersing agents, reducing agents, oxidizing agents, solubilizing agents, defoamers, reist agents, pH regulators, complexing agents or several of these as further components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the continuous dyeing of cellulose fibre yarns with reactive dyes and to an apparatus for carrying out this process.The process essentially comprises steps of impregnating yarn which has been continuously unwound at high speed from one or several supports (1) and rewound onto one or several supports (3) with at least one fibre-reactive dye in aqueous solution and at least one alkaline reagent in aqueous solution, and fixing the dye.The invention can be applied especially in the technical field of dyeing cellulose fibres.

Abstract: Granular leuco vat-dye preparations containing, as essential components, leuco vat-dye, reducing agents and alkaline metal hydroxide, and the production of said preparations and their use in dyeing cellulose-containing textile materials.

Abstract: A method for preventing redeposition of desorbed dyes to pre-dyed fabrics or its garments, which comprises adding colloid at the treatment of pre-dyed fabrics or its garments. A dye antiredeposition agent to be used at the treatment of pre-dyed fabrics or its garments, which contains a colloid in an amount of 0.4 g or more per 500 avicelase units of cellulose. The present invention has rendered possible simple and efficient prevention of redeposition of dyes at the time of the treatment of pre-dyed fabrics or its garments. Especially, when an enzyme is used in the treatment, adverse influenced upon the enzyme is characteristically small.

Abstract: Vat dye mixtures comprising at least two structurally different dyes which have the formula ##STR1## in which X is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; morpholino; or the radical --SR.sub.3 ; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen or the radical --NHCO--C.sub.6 H.sub.5, and R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or halogen, which are suitable for dyeing cellulosic fiber materials and give dyeings with good allround properties, are described.

Abstract: The novel process for dyeing cellulosic materials with disazo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which the substituents NHR.sup.1 and NHR.sup.2 are in each case in the 6- and/or 7-position and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, m, n, p and q have the meaning given in the description, produces blue dyeings with very good fastness properties.

Abstract: Improved processes for the exhaust dyeing of cellulosic fibers with sulphur dyes in the presence of non-sulphide reducing agents wherein the dyeing of the textile substrate is performed in a closed vessel in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen level and then oxidizing.

Abstract: Polymeric, water soluble, quaternary ammonium compounds (F) obtainable by quaternization of(a) at least one amino-group-containing urea compound that contains one or more groups of the formula--NH--CO--NH--G--L-- (.alpha.)in which G signifies a bridging groupand L signifies a tertiary, quaternizable amino groupwith(b) (b.sub.1) an epihalohydrin and optionally(b.sub.2) at least one further quaternizing agentto a quaternized product (q)and reaction of the quaternized product (q) with(c) a dialdehyde of formula (I) ##STR1## in which Z signifies methylene or the direct bond, or a urea derivative thereof, are suitable as fixing adjuvants in particular in continuous processes under nearly neutral to acidic conditions especially for the improvement of wet fastnesses of dyeings on hydrophilic fibrous material.

Abstract: There is provided a method of dyeing cellulosic and/or wool fibers and fabrics in a dyebath containing a dilute solution of tannic acid and/or tannic acid containing products at a proper pH. An exhaust salt is added to the bath to exhaust the tannic acid and then the tannic acid is fixed with an iron salt.

Abstract: A method of dyeing cellulosic textile fibers with a dye which normally requires an exhaust salt. The method includes the step of forming a dye site, which includes the steps of treating the fibers with a dilute alkali solution containing an epoxy ammonium compound having an epoxy-reactive group which will permanently attach to cellulose hydroxyl groups to form a permanent cationic dye site, rinsing the fibers to remove any excess epoxy ammonium compound and at least some of the dilute alkali solution, and neutralizing any remaining alkali solution with a mild acid.The method also includes the steps of dyeing the fibers in a dyebath containing a bifunctional reactive dye without a salt and at a temperature at or below 30.degree. C. (86.degree. F.) to dye exhaustion.

Abstract: The novel disazo dyestuffs of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the substituents and indices have the meaning given in the description, are outstandingly suitable for dyeing cellulosic materials, in particular paper, and are distinguished by good fastness properties.

Abstract: The novel and known stilbene-azo dyestuffs of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the substituents X and Y have the meaning given in the description, are outstandingly suitable for dyeing and printing cellulose and/or material containing amide groups and for the preparation of inks.

Abstract: Use of carbohydrate compounds as auxiliaries for dyeing and printing fiber materialsUse of carbohydrate compounds of the formula (1)Z--G--T--R.sup.1.sub.n (1)in whichZ is the radical of a carbohydrate from the series consisting of mono-, di- or oligosaccharides or of a sugar alcohol, the free valency being on a carbon atom;G is a bridge member from the series consisting of --O--, --NR.sup.5 --, --O--CO--, --NR.sup.5 --CO-- and --NR.sup.5 --SO.sub.2 --, in which R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 ---C.sub.4 -alkyl, which can be substituted by 1 to 4 radicals from the series consisting of hydroxyl, sulfo, sulfato or carboxyl;T is a C.sub.4 -C.sub.30 -aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or oiefinic hydrocarbon radical, or is C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl or is C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene;R.sup.1 is hydroxyl, carboxyl, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, sulfo, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylaminosulfonyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -arylaminosulfonyl, C.

Abstract: 4,5-Dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another denote C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or a heterocyclic radical having up to 3 rings and up to 4 heteroatoms from the series consisting of O, S and N,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.17 -aralkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or nitrile orR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together denote a 2- to 5-membered C bridge, which can optionally be interrupted by up to two oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms, andX.sup.- denotes an anion,wherein all the alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl radicals and fused and heterocyclic radicals present can optionally be substituted by nonionic substituents, carboxyl groups, ammonium groups and/or pyridinium groups, are used as dyestuffs.New 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds correspond to the formula (I), with the provisos that if R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing organic material, which comprises applying at last one dye selected from those containing a chromophore radical from the monoazo, polyazo, metal complex azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, azomethine, nitroaryl, dioxazine, phenazine, stilbene, triphenylmethane, xanthene, thioxanthone, naphthoquinone, pyrenequinone or perylenetetracarbamide series which contains an acrylamide, methacrylamide, bromoacrylamide or chloroacrylamide reactive group, at least one colourless cationic compound containing at least one polymerizable double bond, and at least one polymerization initiator and then subjecting it to thermofixation. Further auxiliaries to the organic material may optionally may optionally be included.

Abstract: Anthraquinone dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another are hydrogen or are substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl,X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently of one another are chlorine or fluorine,B.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkylene radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, sulfo or sulfato and is uninterrupted or is interrupted by oxygen; or is a cyclohexylene radical,C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-cyclohexylene radical, cyclohexylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical,C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-cyclohexylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical or cyclohexylene-methylene-cyclohexylene radical which is unsubstituted or is substituted in the cyclohexylene ring by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-phenylene radical,phenylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-phenylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical which is unsubstituted or is substituted in the phenylene ring by C.

Abstract: A dye mixture of azo dyes having fiber-reactive groups of the vinylsulfone series, comprising one or more navy-blue disazo dyes with the bivalent 1-amino-8-hydroxy-3,6-disulfo-naphthylene coupling component, one or more red-dyeing mono azo dyes, containing a phenylamino-chlorotriazinylamino-disulfo-naphthol-coupling component and one or more orange-dyeing monoazo dyestuffs with an amino-sulfonaphthol-coupling component, which dye mixtures are suitable for dyeing hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-groups containing materials, in particular fiber materials, such as cellulose fibers, for example cotton, wool and synthetic polyamide fibers.

Abstract: Process for dyeing or printing organic material, in particular fibre material which comprises applying dyes containing no polymerizable double bond together with at least one colorless cationic compound containing at least one polymerizable double bond and, if desired, one or more colorless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerizable double bond and, if desired, further auxiliaries to the fibre material and then fixing them by means of ionizing radiation, or applying dyes containing no polymerizable double bond together with at least one colorless cationic compound containing one polymerizable double bond, and if desired, one or more colorless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one photoinitiator and also, if desired, further auxiliaries to the fibre material and then fixing them by means of UV light.

Abstract: Textile fabrics and garments having a random, irregular heather-like appearance are produced by impregnating a textile fabric with an aqueous pretreaement composition comprising a fiber reactive cationic compound, aging the impregnated fabric in a moistened state for about 4 to 24 hours to allow the fiber reactive cationic compound to react with the fibers of the fabric, rinsing the fabric to remove unreacted cationic compound, immersing the fabric in an aqueous bath at a pH of less than 7 and gradually introducing dyestuffs to the bath over a period of at least 15 minutes, and fully exhausting the dyestuffs onto the fabric. The process is applicable for dyeing either piece goods or garments. Where the fabric is in the form of garments, it is preferred that the aging be carried out by storing the garments in an insulated sealed container.

Abstract: Dyeings having improved properties are obtained with a dyestuff of the following formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents have the meaning given in the description.

Abstract: Mixtures comprising a compound of the formula ##STR1## and a compound of the formula ##STR2## in which K is the radical of a coupling component, s is the same in the compounds of formulae (16a) and (16b) and is the number 1 or 2, R and R' are each hydrogen, sulfo, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halogen or cyano, A is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene which is optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, sulfato, carboxyl, cyano, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkanoyloxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxycarbonyl or carbamoyl or interrupted by a group --O-- or --NR"--, or is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylenephenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted in the phenyl part by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halogen or sulfo, and R" is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and the ratio of the compounds of formulae (16a) and (16b) is about 1:1, are suitable as fibre-reactive dyes for dyeing or printing widely varying fibre materials.

Abstract: Dyed cellulosic regenerated elongate members such as fibers are produced by dyeing the regenerated members with a cationic direct dye after formation but before first drying. A method of producing the dyed elongate members comprises forming a dope containing cellulose or a cellulose compound in solution in a solvent, extruding the dope through at least one orifice into a bath containing water to form an elongate extrudate from which solvent is dissolved and/or the cellulose compound is converted to cellulose so as to form the elongate member, dyeing the formed but never dried elongate member with a cationic direct dye and optionally also with an anionic direct dye and then drying for the first time the dyed elongate member.

Abstract: A cloth suitable for ink-Jet textile printing is mainly composed of cellulosic fibers having an average fiber length of 25 to 60 mm, the cloth having a moisture regain of 13.5 to 108.5%. The cloth may be mainly composed of cellulosic fibers having an average thickness of 0.6 to 2.2 d and an average natural twist of 70 to 150/cm, or mainly composed of regenerated cellulosic fibers. In an ink-jet textile-printing method, a textile printing ink is imparted to the cloth, and then a dyeing process is conducted, followed by a washing process.

Abstract: Leucoindigo preparations in granule form consisting essentially of leucoindigo and alkali metal hydroxide and production of these preparations and use thereof for dyeing cellulose-containing textile material.

Abstract: Cellulosic textiles are printed or dyed with multiple hook reactive dyes without fabric hand harshening on using a reactive dye preparation containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of a surfactant and 0 to 10% by weight of an antifoaming agent.

Abstract: Improved processes for the exhaust dyeing of cellulosic fibers with sulphur dyes in the presence of non-sulphide reducing agents wherein the dyeing of the textile substrate is performed in a closed vessel in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen level and then oxidizing.

Abstract: The disperse dyes of formula I ##STR1## wherein the symbols D, K, R.sub.3-5, R.sub.10, m, z, n and Y possess the significances given in claim 1, are eminently suitable for dyeing or printing hydrophobic, fully or semi-synthetic, organic fiber materials.

Abstract: Fiber-reactive anthraquinone dyes Anthraquinone dyes of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which the variables are defined in the disclosure, exhibit excellent fastness properties, in particular chlorine fastness, light fastness and wash fastness, and give good fixation yields.

Abstract: A liquid alkali composition for use in fiber reactive dyeing of cotton and cotton blended fabrics or the like. The liquid alkali is a solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and potassium carbonate formed by reaction of CO.sub.2 with the potassium hydroxide solution, and adding sodium hydroxide to the resultant mixture. The resulting supersaturated solution has a high enough Total Alkalinity to achieve reaction between the dye, including vinyl sulfone dyes, and fiber but is sufficiently buffered to achieve this reaction slowly so that the fiber reactive dyes fix in a level, uniform fashion. Preferably the composition includes potassium carbonate, potassium citrate, and potassium polyacrylate. The citrate and polyacrylate act as dispersants in the dyeing process and also act as crystallization inhibitors in solution.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions (D) of a wax (W) dispersed in the aqueous phase by means of a dispersant (B), wherein in (D)the wax (W) is(A) an oxidized hydrocarbon wax or a mixture of oxidized hydrocarbon waxesor a mixture or (A) and at least one non-oxidized hydrocarbon wax (P), the acid number of which is.gtoreq.5,and the dispersant (B) isa non-ionogenic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of two or more of these surfactants, which displays an HLB.gtoreq.7,and the dispersion (D) optionally contains at least one protective colloid (C), at least one agent (E) for pH-adjustment, at least one antifreeze agent (F) and/or at least one preserving agent (D), but is substantially free of other waxes than (A) and (P) and of other surfactants than (B) and (C),are eminently suitable as wet lubricants that are very stable to temperature modifications and to high electrolyte concentrations, especially as occurring in pretreatment and in dyeing of cellulosic substrates.

Abstract: Anthraquinone dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another are hydrogen or are substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl,X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently of one another are chlorine or fluorine,B.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alkylene radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, sulfo or sulfato and is uninterrupted or is interrupted by oxygen; or is a cyclohexylene radical, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-cyclohexylene radical, cyclohexylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-cyclohexylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical or cyclohexylene-methylene-cyclohexylene radical which is unsubstituted or is substituted in the cyclohexylene ring by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-phenylene radical, phenylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene-phenylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for dyeing celluose-containing textile material with indigo comprises using an aqueous solution of leuco indigo prepared by catalytic hydrogenation and, after the leuco indigo has gone onto the textile material, converting it back into the pigment form in a conventional manner by air oxidation.