Abstract: This disclosure concerns compositions and methods for novel RNA inhibition molecules (e.g., small/short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules), polynucleotides encoding such molecules, use of such novel RNA inhibition molecules to inhibit a target gene by suppressing the expression of the mRNA of the target gene, and for application such as the of control insect pests, and transgenic plants that produce, and are protected, by these novel RNA inhibition molecules are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a transgenic plant cell comprising polynucleotide sequences encoding glycolate dehydrogenase, malate synthase, and an inhibitory polynucleotide targeting an endogenous glycolate transporter Plgg1, wherein expression of endogenous glycolate transporter Plgg1 in the transgenic plant cell is about 20% to 80% of expression of endogenous glycolate transporter Plgg1 in a plant cell that is not transformed with an inhibitory polynucleotide targeting an endogenous glycolate transporter Plgg1. Also disclosed are transgenic plants, transgenic plant cultures, and methods for increasing photosynthesis efficiency in plants. The disclosed methods enhance biomass productivity and reduce the negative impact of photorespiration and introduction of transgenic constructs on plant growth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to RNAi constructs for reducing expression of the ASGR1 gene. Methods of using such RNAi constructs to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease, such as coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, and to reduce serum non-HDL cholesterol levels are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oligonucleotides that are complementary to and modulate the expression of TMEM106B. The present invention further relates to conjugates of the oligonucleotide and pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treatment of neurological disorders using the oligonucleotide.

Abstract: A formulation is provided for application to a host plant to reduce, inhibit or impair one or more of growth and development of the host plant. A method of inhibiting growth plant growth and development is also provided as a means of controlling weedy species. The method comprises: selecting a suitable gene for growth suppression in a target plant; identifying an at least one target site accessible to base pairing in the suitable gene; identifying an at least one divergent site in the at least one target site; designing a construct complementary to the at least one divergent site; adding an at least one RNAi inducer to the construct; and delivering the construct to the target plant.

Abstract: A genetically modified fruit-producing plant, said plant having sufficiently reduced total Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) activity relative to a wild type of said plant to reduce browning in the fruit of said plant relative to said wild type, wherein the reduced total PPO activity results from a reduction in activity of at least two PPO isoenzymes in said plant relative to said wild type, or a cell, seed, seedling, part, tissue, cell, fruit or progeny of said plant.

Abstract: This disclosure provides tobacco plants containing a PMT RNAi and tobacco plants having a mutation in PMT, and methods of making and using such plants.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for improving plant growth are provided herein. The maize RbcS7A promoter is provided which is a developmentally regulated promoter. Polynucleotides encoding ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase proteins, polypeptides encompassing ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase proteins, and expression constructs for expressing genes of interest whose expression may improve agronomic properties including but not limited to crop yield, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and early vigor, plants comprising the polynucleotides, polypeptides, and expression constructs, and methods of producing transgenic plants are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to iRNA, e.g., double stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA), compositions targeting the serum amyloid P component (APCS) gene, and methods of using such iRNA, e.g., dsRNA, compositions to inhibit expression of an APCS gene and to treat subjects having an APCS-associated disease, e.g., amyloidosis, Alzheimer's disease or coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to seedless fruit producing plants. The present invention also comprises methods for production of said plants and the use of nucleic acids encoding cyclin SDS like proteins for the production of seedless fruits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to RNAi agents, e.g., double stranded RNAi agents, targeting the insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit (IGFALS) gene or the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene, methods of using such double stranded RNAi agents to inhibit expression of an IGFALS gene or an IGF-1 gene, and methods of treating subjects having an IGF system-associated disorder.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for inhibiting or treating metastasis based on discoveries regarding Kif19 and Cep192. Methods and compositions are provided for enhancing wound healing, treating fibrosis, reducing scarring and treating nerve pain.

Abstract: Altered guayule that produce more rubber than the amount of rubber produced by non-altered guayule are provided. The alterations may include (i) a reduction in amount of functional PaAos produced by the altered guayule, (ii) an increase in amount of a transcription factor produced by the altered guayule, (iii) an increase in amount of salicylic acid within the altered guayule, (iv) exposure of the altered guayule to cold temperature, and (v) a combination thereof. Methods of producing the altered guayule and methods of increasing the amount of rubber produced by a guayule are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are double stranded RNA molecules that are toxic to coleopteran insects. In particular, interfering RNA molecules capable of interfering with pest target genes and that are toxic to the target pest are provided. Further, methods of making and using the interfering RNA, for example in transgenic plants or as the active ingredient in a composition, to confer protection from insect damage are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a dsRNA construct of an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR160 gene related to prostate cancer and the use thereof, wherein the dsRNA construct of the GPR160 gene and a composition thereof can prevent or treat prostate cancer.

Abstract: Transcription regulatory elements, namely promoter and terminator sequences, obtained from Sorghum bicolor that drive RNA transcription predominately in root hair cells are described, as well as cassettes, expression vectors, and genetically modified plants containing these transcription regulatory elements. The genetically modified plants can be gymnosperms, dicots, or monocots. Methods of directing transcription of a heterologous polynucleotide under control of these transcription regulatory elements in a genetically modified plant's root hair cells are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for genetically modifying the production levels of nicotine and other alkaloids in plants are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of and/or function of Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in particular, by targeting natural antisense polynucleotides of Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The invention also relates to the identification of these antisense oligonecleotides and their use in treating diseases and disorders associated with the expression of BDNF.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising TWIST signaling inhibitors and optionally one or more anti-cancer agents, and methods of using the compositions for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, oligonucleotide modulators of human 5?-HT2C receptor (HTR2C) and improved methods and composition for treating HTR2C-related diseases, disorders or conditions based on such modulators. In particular, oligonucleotides modulators according to the invention target specific regions in the Exon V/Intron V junction of the human HTR2C pre-mRNA and drive expression of HTR2C Vb splice isoform, leading to increased generation of non-edited strong HTR2C receptor and enhanced serotonin receptor activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for reducing ?-1 antitrypsin target RNA and protein levels via use of dsRNAs, e.g., Dicer substrate siRNA (DsiRNA) agents.

Abstract: Provided is an siRNA in tandem expression and uses thereof in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and particularly, provided are a method of a tandem expression for siRNA of BTK, and an siRNA in tandem expression and uses thereof in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Abstract: A method of improving nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, biomass, vigor or yield of a plant is provided by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 687-981, 992-1248, 1281-1310, 1389-1391, and 2806-3081. Also provided is a method of improving nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, biomass, vigor or yield of a plan by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide which downregulates an activity or expression of a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 311-514, 2007-2436, 1311-1320, 982-991, 1249-1280, 1321-1388. Transgenic plants and constructs are provided as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of and/or function of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), in particular, by targeting natural antisense polynucleotides of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF). The invention also relates to the identification of these antisense oligonucleotides and their use in treating diseases and disorders associated with the expression of HGF.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for targeting immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells. In particular, the present invention provides nucleic acid based compounds for targeting immunoglobulins for research, screening, and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to compounds and compositions targeted to human androgen receptor (AR) for inhibiting androgen receptor levels in a cell, which can be useful for methods of treating cancer and inhibiting cancer cell growth or proliferation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are transgenic cells expressing a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) protein, a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a homogentisate solanesyl transferase (HST) protein, a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a deoxyxylulose phosphate synthase (DXS) protein, or a combination of two or more thereof. In particular examples, the disclosed transgenic cells have increased plastoquinone levels. Also disclosed are methods of increasing cell growth rates or production of biomass by cultivating transgenic cells expressing a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a PDH protein, a heterologous nucleic acid encoding an HST protein, a heterologous nucleic acid encoding a DXS protein, or a combination of two or more thereof under conditions sufficient to produce cell growth or biomass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plants of the Compositae family exhibiting a reversible genic male sterility trait, characterized in that the genic male sterility may be caused by a reduction or complete absence of endogenous jasmonic acid production, resulting from interference with one or more target genes involved in endogenous jasmonic acid production, selected from the group consisting of lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid-10,11-reductase, or their functional homologs.

Abstract: RNA interference is provided for inhibition of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF?) by silencing TNF? cell surface receptor TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) mRNA expression, or by silencing TNF? converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17) mRNA expression. Silencing such TNF? targets, in particular, is useful for treating patients having a TNF?-related condition or at risk of developing a TNF?-related condition, such as ocular angiogenesis, retinal ischemia, and diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the use of at least one abasic modification within the first 8 nucleotide positions of the 5? region of the antisense strand of a small interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecule for reducing off-target effects. Provided are suitable modified siNAs, compositions and methods for producing respective siNAs, as well as kits comprising respective siNAs.

Abstract: The RNAi target sequences, which could be used for treating AIDS through targeting HIV. Based on the target sequences, recombinant expression vectors, packaging vectors and cells were constructed, which express siRNA and/or miRNA and/or ribozyme and/or antisense oligonucleotide for targeting HIV. And the applications of said recombinant expression vectors, packaging vectors and cells in preparing medicament for treating AIDS.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the Mylip/Idol gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to inhibit expression of Mylip/Idol.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the isolation and sequencing of nucleic acid molecules that encode cytochrome P450 polypeptides from a Papaver somniferum cultivar; uses in the production of noscapine and identification of poppy cultivars that include genes that comprise said nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting one or more EGLN genes, EGLN1, EGLN2 and/or EGLN3 and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to inhibit expression of these genes.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the TMPRSS6 gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to inhibit expression of TMPRSS6.

Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to compounds and compositions targeted to human androgen receptor (AR) for inhibiting androgen receptor levels in a cell, which can be useful for methods of treating cancer and inhibiting cancer cell growth or proliferation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence that is at least 90% identical to a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO 4, wherein the protein has an aspartic acid (Asp) at amino acid position 106 Transgenic plants comp?sing the nucleic acid have reduced or delayed softening and detenoration of fruit compared to wild-type plants Methods of genetic screening for plants having reduced or delayed softening and detenoration of fruit, isolated oligonucleotides, and a method of imparting to a plant the dfd trait are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the KLF1 gene and the BCL11A gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to inhibit expression of KLF1 and BCL11 A, respectively.

Abstract: This disclosure provides purified nucleic acids and polypeptides. Also provided are transgenic plants, seeds, and plant cells containing DNA for expression of the proteins that are useful for imparting enhanced agronomic trait(s) to transgenic crop plants, methods of making such plants and methods of making agricultural commodity including seeds and hybrid seeds from such plants.

Abstract: Transgenic plants that have enhanced yield-related traits, such as increased seed oil production, are produced by genetically engineering the plants to down-regulate the expression of at least one BPM protein. Such transgenic plants can, for example, be cultivated and yield higher seed oil production than control plants which have not been genetically engineered for down regulation of a BPM protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for improving a tolerance to drought and oxidative stress of a plant, a plant transformed with the composition, a method for preparing a plant transformed with the composition, a method for improving a tolerance to a drought and oxidative stress and a composition and method for a germination rate of a plant. The nucleotide sequences of the present invention are involved in the drought and oxidative stress-tolerance and germination capacity, therefore may be effectively used for cultivating the plants with enhanced tolerance against abiotic stress or novel function of rapid growing or bolting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for improving a tolerance to a salt stress or a drought stress of a plant, and a method for preparing transformed plant exhibiting improved tolerance to salt stress or drought stress. The nucleotide sequences of the present invention are involved in salt or drought stress-tolerance, therefore may be effectively used for cultivating the plants with novel functional features which are less affected by climates and environments of the cultivated areas.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to identify a short-culm gene other than the sd1 gene and produce a short-culmed gramineous plant by utilizing a short-culm gene other than the sd1 gene. The present invention provides a method for producing a short-culmed gramineous plant utilizing gene d60 for shortening the culm of a gramineous plant, wherein the method for producing a short-culmed gramineous plant is characterized in that the expression of Os02g0280200 is suppressed. The present invention also provides a short-culmed gramineous plant and the like in which the expression of Os02g0280200 is suppressed.

Abstract: This disclosure provides purified nucleic acids and polypeptides. Also provided are transgenic plants, seeds, and plant cells containing DNA for expression of the proteins that are useful for imparting enhanced agronomic trait(s) to transgenic crop plants, methods of making such plants and methods of making agricultural commodity including seeds and hybrid seeds from such plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides molecular constructs and methods for use thereof, including constructs including heterologous miRNA recognition sites, constructs for gene suppression including a gene suppression element embedded within an intron flanked on one or on both sides by non-protein-coding sequence, constructs containing engineered miRNA or miRNA precursors, and constructs for suppression of production of mature microRNA in a cell. Also provided are transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing such constructs, and methods for their use. The invention further provides transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing recombinant DNA for the ligand-controlled expression of a target sequence, which may be endogenous or exogenous. Also disclosed are novel miRNAs and miRNA precursors from crop plants including maize and soy.

Abstract: A method of introducing naked dsRNA into a seed is provided. The method comprising contacting the seed with the naked dsRNA under conditions which allow penetration of the dsRNA into the seed, thereby introducing the dsRNA into the seed.

Abstract: Methods and means for producing xylan structures in plants having a non-native saccharide moiety substitution side chain component, plants and plant cells comprising modified xylan structures, methods of identifying mutant plants comprising xylan structures in plants having a non-native saccharide moiety substitution pattern side chain component, uses thereof, and isolated xylan structures and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present application provides methods and compositions that modulate fruit dehiscence in plants.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inducing gene silencing events in plants are disclosed. The compositions typical include a polynucleotide encoding an miRNA target sequence operably linked to a sequence of from a target gene, cDNA or mRNA, or fragment thereof. When expressed in the presence of an miRNA specific for the miRNA target sequence the compositions can induce production of trans-acting siRNA that silence the target of interest. Transgenic plants and preferred plant pathways that can be targeted using the disclosed methods and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for improving plant yield, particularly under nitrogen limiting conditions. According to the invention, applicants have discovered that modulating ACC synthase activity in plants improves yield of plants, even when grown under low nitrogen conditions. The same plants, while demonstrating improved yield over non-modified plants, exhibited no deleterious effects under normal nitrogen conditions. The invention further provides methods using recombinant expression cassettes, host cells and transgenic plants.