Abstract: A linker for a unimolecular FRET biosensor based on a principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer, the linker including: a polypeptide containing 52 to 400 amino acids residues, wherein at least 45% of a total number of the amino acid residues are glycine, alanine, or both thereof, and at least 10% of the total number of the amino acid residues are alanine.

Abstract: Provided is a pterygium animal model produced by injecting human-derived pterygial epithelial cells that are isolated and cultured in vitro. The animal model has characteristics similar to those of pterygium, which are observed only in humans, wherein such characteristics are caused in such a way that pterygial epithelial cells are isolated from human pterygium corneal tissues and cultured, the cultured pterygial epithelial cells are sub-cultured, and human-derived pterygial epithelial cells of which identify is confirmed are injected into the nasal subconjunctival space of mice. The pterygium animal model allows a pterygium therapeutic agent to be effectively screened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of regulating the expression level of survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) regulator and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention also relates to a method of detecting enzyme activity of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) in human fibroblasts comprising detecting protein expression level of survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1).

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of biotechnology or genetic engineering. Specifically, this invention relates to the field of gene expression. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel ecdysone receptor/chimeric retinoid X receptor-based inducible gene expression system and methods of modulating gene expression in a host cell for applications such as gene therapy, large-scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based high throughput screening assays, functional genomics and regulation of traits in transgenic organisms.

Abstract: A method of growing shellfish is disclosed. The method comprises obtaining a support tray (I) with recesses (7) where at least some of the recesses (7) incorporate means adapted to create a deliberately formed alphanumeric, written or pictorial mark on the shellfish as it grows. Shellfish spat are attached to at least some of the recesses (7) and the tray (I) is placed in water so that the spat grow into substantially mature shellfish within the recesses (7). The spat each grow generally in the shape of their respective recess (7) so that the mark is created on the shellfish as it grows.

Abstract: Provided herein are mitochondrial-nuclear exchanged cells and animals comprising mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from one subject and nuclear DNA (nDNA) from a different subject. Methods for producing a mitochondrial-nuclear exchanged animal and animals made by the methods are provided. Also provided are methods of screening for agents useful for treating a disease or disorder using mitochondrial-nuclear exchanged animals or cells, tissues or organs thereof.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the composition, method of production, aid rrse of improved edible fish, crustacean, or mollusk products enriched with one or more components that provide health benefits to humans or other animals consuming the product.

Abstract: This invention provides a human antibody, a hybridoma cell line for the production of the antibody, a reconstituted mouse strain for the production of the hybridoma, and methods of producing and using thereof.

Abstract: Hairless, immunodeficient mice on a non-obese diabetic (NOD) background and methods for their production are disclosed herein. The mice are hairless and have multiple immunodeficiencies, including B-cell and T-cell deficiencies, as well as impaired macrophage and complement function. The mice also have a further deficit in natural killer and dendritic cells of the immune system. The mice are useful for biomedical research, for example, in studies involving xenograft transplantation, spontaneous tumors, cancer cell tumorigenesis, tumor angiogenesis, tumor metastatic potential, tumor suppression therapy, carcinogenesis regulation, and tumor imaging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids encoding peptides capable of binding to actin. The nucleic acids encoding the peptides are useful in methods for detecting actin in vitro or in living cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) for inhibiting the expression of a RRM2 gene. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the dsRNA or nucleic acid molecules or vectors encoding the same together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; methods for treating diseases caused by the expression of a RRM2 gene using said pharmaceutical composition; and methods for inhibiting the expression of RRM2 in a cell.

Abstract: The present invention is a porcine animal, tissue, organ, cells and cell lines, which lack any expression of functional alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GT). These animals, tissues, organs and cells can be used in xenotransplantation and for other medical purposes.

Abstract: A modified non-human warm-blooded vertebrate animal in which a biologically active human APP polypeptide is expressed, and in which function of its inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) protein is reduced as compared to a non-modified animal, methods of making the animal, and methods of testing a candidate composition for activity in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease using the animal.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to transgene constructs, transgenic non-human animals comprising transgene constructs, methods of making and methods of using the transgenic non-human animals comprising transgene constructs. An embodiment of the invention relates to methods of assaying the activation of GPCR ligands non-invasively in whole animals, tissue slices, or in native cells using a transgenic model containing a bioluminescent transgene reporter system that is responsive to pathway modulation following ligand binding of GPCR receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel mite composition comprising a population of a phytoseiid predatory mite species and a factitious host population comprising a species selected from the Glycyphagidae, which may be employed for rearing said phytoseiid predatory mite species or for releasing the phytoseiid predatory mite species in a crop. According to further aspects the invention relates to a method for rearing a phytoseiid predatory mite species, to the use of the mite composition and to a method for biological pest control in a crop, which employ the mite composition.

Abstract: A nonhuman transgenic mammal is described whose genome comprises a promoter construct operably linked to a heterologous DNA encoding an epithelial sodium channel ? subunit, wherein said promoter construct directs expression of the epithelial sodium channel ? subunit in lung epithelial cells of said animal, and wherein said transgenic mammal has increased lung mucus retention as compared to the corresponding wild-type mammal. The animal is useful in screening compounds for activity in treating lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract: The present invention is based upon the identification of a number of antigens derived from species of the genus Teladorsagia, which can be used to raise immune responses in animals—particularly those animals susceptible or predisposed to infection by (or with) one or more Teladorsagia species. The antigens may be exploited to provide compositions and vaccines for raising protective immune responses in animals—the protective immune responses serving to reduce, prevent, treat or eliminate Teladorsagia infections/infestations.

Abstract: Systems and methods relate to transgenic organisms and their use as biosensors are described. In some embodiments, the systems and methods include a first population of transgenic organisms that includes a first constitutively expressed reporter gene, and a first transgene that includes a first inducible promoter from a response pathway gene, wherein the first inducible promoter is coupled to a first reporter gene. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for modulating bovine birth rate by following a breeding scheme based on the presence of the trio haplotype, which is strongly linked to the propensity to give birth to multiple calves in one event.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, such as nucleic acids, vectors, cells, animal models and the like, useful to reduce tumor growth, cancer cell migration and various other cancer pathologies associated with EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and MET (the receptor tyrosine kinase for hepatocyte growth factors) dyregulation, particularly in non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for treating cancer that involved an isolated double stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) molecule that inhibits the expression of Hsp-27.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of testing a dog to determine the susceptibility of the dog to liver copper accumulation, comprising detecting in a sample the presence or absence in the genome of the dog of one or more polymorphisms selected from: (a) Chr22_3167534 (SEQ ID NO: 144), Chr22_3135144 (SEQ ID NO: 145), Chr20_55461150 (SEQ ID NO: 146), ChrX_120879711 (SEQ ID NO: 147), Chr19_6078084 (SEQ ID NO: 148), Chr15_62625262 (SEQ ID NO: 149), Chr14_39437543 (SEQ ID NO: 150), Chr15_62625024 (SEQ ID NO: 151), Chr3_86838677 (SEQ ID NO: 152), Chr24_4011833 (SEQ ID NO: 153), Chr18_60812198 (SEQ ID NO: 154), Chr10_65209946 (SEQ ID NO: 155), and the CGCCCC repeat at chromosome location 22:3135287; (b) one or more polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with a said polymorphism (a); and/or (c) Chr32_38904515 (SEQ ID NO: 156), Chr8_4892743 (SEQ ID NO: 157) and Chr8_4880518 (SEQ ID NO: 158).

Abstract: A method for engineering and utilizing large DNA vectors to target, via homologous recombination, and modify, in any desirable fashion, endogenous genes and chromosomal loci in eukaryotic cells. These large DNA targeting vectors for eukaryotic cells, termed LTVECs, are derived from fragments of cloned genomic DNA larger than those typically used by other approaches intended to perform homologous targeting in eukaryotic cells. Also provided is a rapid and convenient method of detecting eukaryotic cells in which the LTVEC has correctly targeted and modified the desired endogenous gene(s) or chromosomal locus (loci) as well as the use of these cells to generate organisms bearing the genetic modification.

Abstract: A spermatogonial stem cell line that is derived from testes of rats characterized by a desirable genetic background can serve as a source for cells to transplant into male-sterile recipient animals that are immuno-compatible with the spermatogonial line. Rat cells thus transplanted readily develop into fertilization-competent, haploid male gametes, with little or no endogenous sperm competition generated by the testes of the male-sterile recipient. This approach, constituting the first vector system for the use of rat spermatogonial lines from in vitro culture in generating mutant rats on a desired genetic background, effects maximal germline transmission of donor haplotypes from the transplanted spermatogonial cells.

Abstract: Described is a method of conditioning an invertebrate to detect a compound at and beyond a threshold range. In one embodiment the conditioned invertebrate is Microplitis croceipes. Compounds the invertebrate can detect include skatole and androstenone. An additional step includes selecting a compound and negatively conditioning the invertebrate at a concentration wherein the invertebrate will not respond to negatively conditioned compound concentration.

Abstract: Methods of generating modified embryos and mammals by introduction of donor cells into an early stage embryo are provided, such that the resulting embryo and animal generated therefrom has a significant contribution to all tissues from the donor cells and is capable of transmitting the donor cell DNA.

Abstract: A novel microalgal strain whose lipid production has been enhanced compared to the wild type. The lipid content produced by the microalgae is particularly rich in neutral lipids. The use of the microalgal strain and the lipids are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining a triploid interspecific hybrid of meagre and red drum belonging to the family of the Sciaenidae. The method includes the following two steps: a) crossing a meagre Argyrosomus regius with a red drum Sciaenops ocellatus, and b) carrying out treatment to induce triploidy in the issue obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for reconstituting tissues and organs having mature functions. A method of preparing a tissue or an organ, comprising coculturing an organ cell with a vascular endothelial cell and a mesenchymal cell, generating an organ bud, transplanting the organ bud into a non-human animal, and then isolating from the non-human animal the transplanted organ bud-derived tissue or organ.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining susceptibility, resistance or tolerance to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) infection, comprising: determining, using a biological sample from a mammalian subject, a presence or absence of at least one EDN2 gene mutation, or the genotype of at least one EDN2 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selected from the SNP group consisting of SNP105 (nucleotide position 105,288,174 on BTA3 (UMD 3.1)), SNP208 (nucleotide position 105,298,664 on BTA3 (UMD 3.1)), and SNP272 (nucleotide position 105,305,070 by on BTA3 (UMD 3.1)), that segregates with resistance and/or tolerance to Map tissue infection; and determining, based thereon, at least one of susceptibility, resistance or tolerance of the mammalian subject to Map infection. Additionally provided are mammals (e.g., bovine) derived culling, selecting, or selective breeding, based on disclosed methods, and methods for procuring mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of determining the breeding value of an individual or determining the best pair of individuals to mate based on additive and non-additive factors. The invention further provides methods of breeding an individual selected by using a molecular marker-derived matrix comprising additive and non-additive effects. The invention also provides a kit for determining the Estimated Breeding Value of an individual.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for the generation of chimaeric human-non-human antibodies and chimaeric antibody chains, antibodies and antibody chains so produced, and derivatives thereof including fully humanised antibodies; compositions comprising said antibodies, antibody chains and derivatives, as well as cells, non-human mammals and vectors, suitable for use in said methods.

Abstract: A method of providing an animal model for at least one infant pathology, including delivering an animal prior to full physical development; performing a surgical procedure on the animal to provided capacity for respiratory assistance and nutrition; exposing the animal to varying concentrations of oxygen; and optionally repeating the exposure of the animal to varying concentrations of oxygen until the desired condition develops.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of sedating, anaesthetising or euthanising an aquatic organism comprising the step of contacting said organism with linalool, a compositions, a body of water containing thereof and a method of transporting an aquatic organism.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of biotechnology or genetic engineering. Specifically, this invention relates to the field of gene expression. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel inducible gene expression system and methods of modulating gene expression in a host cell for applications such as gene therapy, large scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based high throughput screening assays, functional genomics and regulation of traits in transgenic plants and animals.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to mollusk with fluorescent coatings. Also disclosed are aquarium kits comprising a tank, mollusk and an excitation light source.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses and methods for the production of attenuated aseptic parasites in haematophagous insects generally, and production of Plasmodium species sporozoites in Anopheles species mosquitoes specifically; apparatuses and methods for the production of strains of haematophagous insects with desired properties such as hypoallergenicity or hyperinfectivity; methods of producing a parasite strain that is capable of withstanding cyropreservation at temperatures close to freezing; apparatuses and methods for the injection of an attenuated parasite vaccine; production of parasites and haematophagous insects that are free from contamination by unwanted biological agents; apparatuses for the reconstruction of complex parasitic life cycles aseptically to avoid the contamination of the parasite or the insect vector host with unwanted biological agents.

Abstract: The application relates to a polypeptide, the amino acid sequence of which is the sequence of a sub-fragment of the C-terminal thioester-cleaved fragment of human alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), wherein the molecular weight of said polypeptide is of 36 to 44 kDa, and wherein the first N-terminal amino acid of said polypeptide is an amino acid, which, in the full length sequence of said human A2M, is at a position 1,098 or 1,085 or 1,084 or 1,083, and the last C-terminal amino acid of said polypeptide is an amino acid, which, in the full length sequence of said human A2M, is one of the last twenty C-terminal amino acids. This polypeptide is differently abundant depending on the stage of liver fibrosis. The application also relates to means deriving therefrom and to the application thereof, notably in the field of hepatitis.

Abstract: The invention relates to organisms and compositions comprising one or more stem cells or one or more embryos, wherein the one or more stem cells or one or more embryos comprise one or more of the following mutations: (i) a deletion mutation; (ii) a knockout mutation; and/or (iii) an addition of a heterologous nucleic acid sequence; wherein the one or more mutations of (i), (ii), and/or (iii) are site-specific mutations caused by a Xanthomonas TAL nuclease (XTN). The invention also relates to method of mutating an embryo, iPS cell, stem cell, or more particularly a spermatogonial stem cell by exposing the nucleic acid sequence contained within such embryos or cell with a Xanthomonas TAL nuclease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant vector and a transgenic mouse for expressing human ferritin in a tissue non-specific manner, and more particularly, to a vector prepared by operably linking a human ferritin gene to a promoter including a cytomegalovirus (CMV) early enhancer element and a ?-actin promoter, and a transgenic mouse expressing human ferritin in a tissue non-specific manner, which is transformed with the vector. Further, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a transgenic mouse, and a method for monitoring cell or tissue therapy using the transgenic mouse.

Abstract: Methods and means are provided for monitoring and modulating reduction of gene expression in eukaryotic organisms, using double stranded RNA comprising, in addition to the dsRNA region comprising nucleotide sequences homologous to the target gene, additional dsRNA regions designed to down regulate a second gene or which are unrelated to the target gene.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for increasing bone growth and/or enhancing wound healing, for example, fracture repair. The disclosure provides recombinant nucleic acids useful for promoting bone growth. For example, the disclosure provides recombinant nucleic acids that encode a fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) analog. The disclosure also provides vectors and cells incorporating these nucleic acids, as well as FGF-2 analogs encode by them. The disclosure also provides a mouse system of bone marrow transplantation and methods for producing as well as methods for using the system. Methods for inducing division and/or inducing differentiation of a hematopoietic stem cell are also provided, as are methods for enhancing bone growth and/or wound repair (for example, fracture repair).

Abstract: A method for predicting the athletic performance potential of a subject comprising the step of assaying a biological sample from a subject for a genetic variant in linkage disequilibrium with MSTN-66493737 (T/C) SNP. The invention also provides an assay for determining the athletic performance potential of a subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of artificially repressing gene expression, which is simpler to design than conventional methods (the RNAi, ribozyme and antisense methods) and which allows for easier confirmation of the effect. A method of inhibiting the translation reaction of a target gene, comprising cutting out a part of the poly(A) tail and/or 3?-terminal sequence of the target mRNA is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates transgenic animals that overexpress TL1A in a tissue specific manner to model inflammatory bowel disease (IBM such as colitis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, fibrosis, and related inflammatory diseases and conditions. TL1A transgenic animals constitutively express both TL1A and GFP in lymphoid and myeloid cell lineages, allowing convenient identification and sorting of immune cells involved in IBD disease progression, such as T-cells, antigen presenting cells (APC), and dendritic cells (DC). TL1A transgenic animals may be induced to exhibit gross fibrosis, or isolated cells may be implanted into immunodeficient mice to establish colitis.

Abstract: Genetically modified non-human animals and methods and compositions for making and using them are provided, wherein the genetic modification comprises a deletion in an immunoglobulin constant region CH1 gene (optionally a deletion in a hinge region) of an IgG, IgA, IgD, and/or IgE, and wherein the mouse is capable of expressing a functional IgM. Genetically modified mice are described, including mice having a functional IgM gene and modified to have a deletion of a CH1 domain and a hinge region in a heavy chain constant domain that is not an IgM, e.g., in an IgG heavy chain constant domain. Genetically modified mice that make human variable/mouse constant chimeric heavy chain antibodies (antibodies that lack a light chain), fully mouse heavy chain antibodies, or fully human heavy chain antibodies are provided.

Abstract: An embryo that is transferred into the uterus of a recipient female is protected from toxic effects of prostaglandin F2? by exposing the embryo, or an oocyte from which the embryo is produced, to a prostaglandin antagonist.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic animals lacking endogenous Ig and capable of producing transgenic antibodies, as well as methods of making the same. The invention further relates to methods for producing transgenic antibodies in such animals, and transgenic antibodies so produced.

Abstract: A mouse with a humanization of the mIL-3 gene and the mGM-CSF gene, a knockout of a mRAG gene, and a knockout of a mII2rg subunit gene; and optionally a humanization of the TPO gene is described. A RAG/II2rg KO/hTPO knock-in mouse is described. A mouse engrafted with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that maintains a human immune cell (HIC) population derived from the HSCs and that is infectable by a human pathogen, e.g., S. typhi or M. tuberculosis is described. A mouse that models a human pathogen infection that is poorly modeled in mice is described, e.g., a mouse that models a human mycobacterial infection, wherein the mouse develops one or more granulomas comprising human immune cells. A mouse that comprises a human hematopoietic malignancy that originates from an early human hematopoietic cells is described, e.g., a myeloid leukemia or a myeloproliferative neoplasia.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of producing a non-human mammal having one or more pathological characteristics of retinal degeneration and/or age-related macular degeneration. In particular, the invention provides a method of producing a non-human mammal having age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The invention is also directed to non-human animals produced by the methods described herein. Methods of identifying an agent for use in inhibiting one or more pathological characteristics of retinal degeneration and/or AMD is also encompassed by the invention. Also provided is a method of treating AMD in an individual in need thereof comprising, administering to the individual an agent identified herein.