Abstract: Tool cores may have removable sections, which may be removable without damaging, cutting or severing attachment configurations for the removable sections. The removable sections may be handled simultaneously. Moving parts used to facilitate removal of the removable sections may be secured in a pre-loaded configuration.

Abstract: A novel approach to a commercial circular saw blade designed for efficient lumber cutting as well as extended saw blade life because of a reduction in friction and better heat dispersion. The saw plate has thicker body transitioning to a thinner rim at a point between the bottom of the gullet and the bottom of the tooth, generally occurring at the hook of the gullet. This design increases the lateral stiffness of the blade, improves accuracy, maximizes sawdust ejection, eliminates blade wandering, decreases the amount of the cut waste and allows for increased cutting speeds without decreasing the performance or longevity of the blade. This design goes against traditional, prior art saw blade design because of its interpretation of wood physics, blade friction and side clearance tolerances.

Abstract: A cutting disk for a rotary cutting machine includes a disk body having a central axis of rotation and a circumferentially extending outer periphery. A plurality of circumferentially spaced apart cutting teeth is mounted to the outer periphery of the disk body. A chip pocket is defined in the circumferential outer periphery of the disk body between each of the circumferentially spaced apart cutting teeth. Each chip pocket is formed by a chip clearance surface extending radially inwardly into the disk body to form the chip pocket between circumferentially adjacent cutting teeth. The chip pocket is adapted to receive a tooth-produced chip therein, thereby providing more room for chip discharge and thus reducing disk wear.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary cutter for the pelletization of plastic extrudates, said rotary cutter being provided with knives projecting axially away from its end surface, said knives being individually affixed to supporting surfaces of the rotary cutter by means of fastening elements. The supporting surfaces are formed by the side walls of radial grooves in the peripheral surface of the rotary cutter and by radial transverse walls in the radial grooves, said radial grooves being limited by the radial transverse walls, the knives each being inserted in hook-like manner with a projecting portion into said radial transverse walls, wherein one side of the projecting portion forms an abutment for the fastening element, said fastening element penetrating a radial transverse wall and pressing on the abutment.

Abstract: A rotary cutting machine is described and includes a circular rotatable element, a plurality of tooth holders disposed on the circular rotatable element at spaced apart locations about its periphery, and at least one reversible cutting tooth removably fastened to each tooth holder such that at least one cutting edge is disposed in a operable cutting position. Each cutting tooth includes opposed first and second cutting faces spaced apart along a central tooth axis extending therebetween. Each of the first and second cutting faces at least partially defines at least four of the cutting edges. The cutting tooth is reversible by 180 degrees about a transverse tooth axis such that it is mountable on the tooth holder in at least eight different positions, each of the positions providing a different selected one of the cutting edges in the operable cutting position.

Abstract: A cutting tooth assembly for a rotary cutting machine is described. The assembly includes a tooth holder adapted for mounting about the periphery of a rotating element of the rotary cutting machine, and a reversible cutting tooth, removably mounted to said tooth holder. The cutting tooth has opposed first and second cutting faces which are spaced apart along a central tooth axis extending therebetween. Each of the first and second cutting faces at least partially defines more than two cutting edges, and the cutting tooth is reversible by 180 degrees about a transverse tooth axis to dispose a selected one of the first and second cutting faces in an operable cutting position when mounted to the tooth holder.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a cutting insert. The insert includes a top side including a plurality of cutting edges, the cutting edges being arranged one after another in a longitudinally direction of the insert and extending substantially perpendicularly to a longitudinal, vertical axial plane of the insert. The insert includes a side wall extending downwardly relative to a plane of the top side of the insert, the side wall including a side supporting surface. The cutting tool includes a toolholder. The toolholder includes a side abutment surface against which the side supporting surface of the insert is adapted to be supported. A clamp is provided for clamping the side supporting surface of the insert against the side abutment surface of the toolholder.

Abstract: A saw blade assembly for a cutting saw is provided, which includes an effectively circular polygonal disc with an outer edge defined by multiple flat sides, and numerous saw tooth holders, each saw tooth holder removably mounted on a corresponding flat side along the outer edge of the polygonal disc. Preferably, each saw tooth holder straddles the corresponding flat side of the polygonal disc. The saw tooth holder may have a body with a flat abutment surface abutting the corresponding flat side of the polygonal disc, a first leg extending from the body along a first surface of the polygonal disc, and a second leg extending from the body along a second surface of the polygonal disc. For each saw tooth holder, the saw blade assembly may also include fastening means removably mounting the saw tooth holder to the polygonal disc.

Abstract: A steel strip shears with a hammering device consists of a shearing device and a hammering device, which are pivotally connected at a preset location of their front portions, and respectively connected with a commanding handle and a positioning rod at their ends. The hammering device is installed at the rear portion of the positioning rod, able to move back and forth along the positioning rod to strike the rear surface of the positioning rod, so as to quickly squeeze a second blade connected in front of the positioning rod into under a steel strip tied around a packing box, getting ready for shearing.

Abstract: A circular saw blade assembly of a tree felling head of a type which has peripherally mounted cutting teeth. The assembly has a circular disc plate with a rim. Mounting lug arrangements evenly distributed and outwardly projecting around the rim receive tooth holders having respective heads adapted to receive the cutting teeth, and respective shanks projecting behind the heads and adapted to receive bolts for fastening the cutting teeth against the heads of the tooth holders. Each mounting lug arrangement has opposite lug elements spaced from each other and extending in parallel with a radial plane of the disc plate. The lug elements of each mounting lug arrangement define an outwardly opened channel extending substantially in a tangential direction with respect to the rim and into which the shank of one of the tooth holders is slideably mountable.

Abstract: A saw tooth of generally parallelopiped shape having top and bottom surfaces, side surfaces and front and back surfaces. Each front and back surface has cutting edges at its top and bottom sides. The cutting edges on each surface are parallel to each other and are also parallel to the cutting edges on the other surface.

Abstract: A stump cutter includes a rotary drum, holders mounted on the drum, and cutting bits mounted in respective bores of each holder for rotation relative thereto. Each cutting bit includes a shank having a pocket formed in a front end thereof in which the cutting tip is brazed, wherein an outer lip of the shank tightly grips an outer side surface of the cutting tip with a thermal shrink fit. The cutting tip includes a circular cutting edge formed by the intersection between portions of the front surface and side surface of the cutting tip, which surface portions intersect at a ninety degree angle. The front surface of the cutting tip includes raised radial ribs spaced circumferentially therearound for inducing rotation of the cutting bit during a cutting operation.

Abstract: High speed disk saws are used in forestry applications as part of a harvesting head to fell trees. These saws have a saw disk which often becomes dull or damaged through use, so is commonly provided with replaceable teeth and holders. One aspect of the present invention provides a replaceable tooth and holder arrangement with recessed fasteners attaching the holder to the saw disk and the tooth to the holder. Another aspect of the present invention provides a replaceable tooth and holder arrangement with a reversible holder.

Abstract: An improved cutting blade is provided for cutting and thinning brush and small trees. The blade comprises a substantially circular disc having a plurality of removable, solid carbide cutters circumferentially spaced along the edge of the disc. A plurality of circular cavities are spaced circumferentially forwardly from each cutter to provide a radially extending opening for receiving and clearing saw chips away from the blade. The cutters are removably secured to the blade in cutter slots, having elongated linear openings extending rearwardly therefrom. A plurality of mounting bolts and receiving members extend perpendicularly through the linear openings from the edge of the blade for selectively compressing the cutter slots and securing the cutters. The design of the present invention decreases the incidence of blade jams and kick backs and increases the cutting efficiency and safety of the blade.

Abstract: The rotating cutter head for working the surface of elastomers which comprises indexable inserts or annular cutting tools has said indexable inserts or annular cutting tools provided on the periphery of a disk having a diameter of from 200 to 800 mm, said disk being capable of rotating with up to 5000 revolutions per minute, enabling cutting speeds of from 10 to 100 m/s, preferably from 20 to 60 m/s. At least 6, preferably from 10 to 30, cutting tools are provided on the periphery of said disk.

Abstract: A slotting cutter and a method for constructing the slotting cutter. The slotting cutter is structurally divided into two portions, a central adapter portion and a cutter portion. The central adapter portion is a disk with an F-type or S-type adapter. The cutter portion is an annular ring provided with cutting insert receiving pockets, or cartridge receiving pockets. The cutter portion and a body portion are manufactured separately and combined to form the slotting cutter by a heat shrinkage method.

Abstract: The disc saw blade has a plurality of teeth detachably mounted in sockets provided in a rim portion around the circumference thereof. Each tooth has an anchoring portion, and a cutting edge which projects slightly from the circumference of the saw blade. The sockets each have an anchor-receiving portion to receive the anchoring portion of a tooth. The teeth and the sockets are configured such that each tooth is installed by inserting its anchoring portion into a corresponding anchor-receiving portion of a socket, in an axial direction, and then securing the tooth to prevent axial removal, for example by making the anchoring portion cylindrical and rotating the tooth rearwardly about a center of the cylindrical anchoring portion to position a keyway on a key portion extending into the socket, or by using a bolt threaded into or through the tooth. Radial removal is prevented by the anchoring portion being shaped such that it cannot be extracted from the anchor-receiving portion, except axially.

Abstract: A saw blade for a tree felling head has three tipped teeth in which only one tip of each tooth is exposed outside of the blade disc. Around the circumference of the blade, teeth with tips exposed on the upper side of the blade alternate with teeth having tips exposed on the lower side of the blade. Axes of the teeth are tangent to radii of the disc and angled upwardly or downwardly relative to the plane of the disc, and mating surfaces on the teeth and disc at 45° to the plane of the disc abut against rotation and loading of the teeth.

Abstract: Saw teeth, particularly for tree harvesting, have a wear-resistant insert or inserts of tungsten carbide, for example, oriented along the side and/or outer surface of the saw tooth, extending rearwardly from the leading edges, instead of being along the impact face as is conventional. As wear occurs, sharpness is retained longer and less material needs to be removed once sharpening is required. The principle may be adapted to a wide variety of saw tooth configurations.

Abstract: A cutter rotatably drivable about a rotational axis for cutting articles including printed products and lengths of flexible materials including paper, plastic, fabric, leather, and metal, includes a drive shaft; a circular knife holder which has a hub, which is removably connected to the drive shaft, and which has defined therein a plurality of guide grooves having a dovetail shape; a plurality of knives which are adjustably positioned within respective guide grooves, which are distributed across the circular knife holder, which have a clamping cross section that is movable within the guide grooves and is locked in place, which project beyond the circumference of the circular knife holder, and which have respective knife ends projecting beyond the circumference of the knife holder and forming a cutting plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis of the cutter; and a clamping arrangement which extends conically from the hub to the circumference of the circular knife holder, which includes a clamping pla

Abstract: A cutter device has a cutter portion which is led by a depth gauge. The depth gauge is mounted on and extends upwardly from a substantially planar main body section. The depth gauge has a forward, or first section which extends upwardly from the main body, and when viewed from above is disposed at an angle relative to the central plane of the main body diverging therefrom on progressing rearwardly. The rear end of the first section is connected at a juncture section to a second section which progresses rearwardly and is disposed at an angle converging toward the central plane. The second section may extend across the plane of the body and diverge from the opposite side thereof on progressing rearwardly. The upper surface of the depth gauge presents a sweeping curve as viewed from the front of the cutter which is a multiple of the thickness of the body to which it is attached to provide effective cut control for the following cutter.

Abstract: A cutter tooth assembly for impingement of a material (e.g., a stump, wood, brush or earth strata). The assembly attaches to a driven member (e.g., a rotatable wheel). The assembly includes a cutter tooth which has an elongate body with a leading end and a trailing end, as well as a hard insert at the leading end of the tooth. The assembly also includes a pocket which has a base portion and a holder portion. The pocket attaches to the wheel at the base portion thereof. The cutter tooth is retained to the pocket at the holder portion thereof. The base portion of the pocket has a leading surface and a trailing surface. The cutter tooth is retained by the holder portion of the pocket so that the hard insert extends circumferentially past the leading surface of the base portion of the pocket.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert includes a cutting tip mounted into a first recess of a molded hard refractory compound insert having a second recess of preselected size and shape for locating the insert to a cutting tool. A preferred cutting tip is a diamond and a preferred hard refractory compound is a tungsten carbide with a cobalt binder.

Abstract: The felling and accumulating head has a large accumulation area for trees, obtained by elevating the accumulation area to extend outwardly and rearwardly over the teeth of the saw. Trees are swept from the front severance area, up a small ramp into the accumulation area, by a taker arm, and are retained there by a tucker arm. The taker and tucker arms pivot preferably on the same axis, on the opposite side of the head from the accumulation area, and sweep over the saw motor, to sweep trees a substantial distance rearwardly, i.e. at least beyond an imaginary lateral line through the saw axis. The butt plate is recessed beneath the top of the saw kerf, which permits the head to be angled forward slightly for continuous advancement from one tree to the next.

Abstract: A circular saw blade includes a disc portion whose peripheral portion comprises a series of straight sections. A segment plate which carries at least one replaceable cutting member is attached to each straight section. Each segment plate has a first slot for receiving the cutting member and a second slot for receiving a clamping wedge. A portion of the segment plate disposed between the slots defines a clamping area which is pushed tightly against the cutting member by the clamping wedge. Each segment plate has a projection received in a recess of the disc.

Abstract: A stump cutting tool assembly for a stump cutting apparatus having a rotatable cutting wheel includes at least one tool holder removably secured to the cutting wheel, at least one cutting tooth mounted circumferentially and removably to the at least tool holder, the at least one tool holder including a wheel portion extending circumferentially along the cutting wheel and a tool portion extending axially at an angle to a plane of the wheel portion, the tool portion having an aperture extending circumferentially therethrough and the at least one cutting tooth including a shank and an insert attached to the shank.

Abstract: A shredder comprising a frame, at least two rotatable shafts supported in parallel by the frame, a plurality of cutting blades, each of the blades including a mount which is fixed to one of the shafts and has an outer peripheral side, and a number of tip pieces, each tip piece being fixed to the peripheral side of the mount, and a plurality of spacers mounted on each of the shafts alternately with the blades such that the spacers on each of the shafts are radially aligned with the blades on the other shaft.

Abstract: An indexable cut-off saw is used for cutting metal components, e.g. cutting a bearing cap cluster into separate caps. The saw has a circular tool body for mounting on an arbour and this tool body has flat side faces and a narrow outer periphery. A plurality of circumferentially equally spaced cutting inserts are mounted at the outer periphery of the tool body, these inserts being arranged in groups of three such that the total width of the saw cut is divided between the actions of three cooperating cutting inserts. These three cooperating cutting inserts include a central insert mounted centrally on the outer periphery of the tool body and left and right side inserts mounted in pockets extending into the side faces of the tool body. The left and right side inserts are of rectangular configuration presenting straight cutting edges, while the central cutting insert of each group presents a curving cutting face.

Abstract: A cutter blade is provided having a cutting face. Formed in the cutting face are a plurality of spaced apart slots, each slot having forward and rearward sidewalls. A tooth is removably received in each of the slots, each tooth having a top surface extending above the cutting face and having forward and rearward sidewalls, The top surface of each tooth has a forward cutting edge and a rearward reduced height step section. A retention bar is provided for each tooth, each retention bar having a forward end that is received in the step section. A pin extending through an opening in each retention bar is threadably connected to the cutting face. By tightening the threaded pin the retention bar retains each tooth during cutting operation so that the tooth sidewalls frictionally engage the slot sidewalls and by unthreading the pin the retention bar may be rotated to permit removal and replacement of each of the teeth.

Abstract: A cutting tooth holder for circular saws used on felling heads. A plurality of the holders are mounted on a circular saw disk about its rim. Each holder has a clevis shape with the leg of the holder that is on top of the saw disk being relatively short compared to the length of the leg on the bottom of the saw. The short upper legs of the holders permit the use of a larger butt plate on the felling head to cover the saw.

Abstract: A cutting wheel for use in a stump-grinding apparatus that has a reversible disk having an outer diameter. The disk has a generally noncircular hole through the center thereof to register with a correspondingly generally noncircular shaft for transmission of torque and rotation from the shaft to the disk. At least one cutting tooth having a leading cutting edge and a trailing cutting edge is secured to the outer diameter of the disk. The reversible disk may be removed from the generally noncircular shaft and subsequently reversed and replaced on the shaft, wherein the trailing cutting edge is transposed with the leading cutting edge.

Abstract: An improved circular saw blade is rotatable in a guard casing having tree receiving vertically aligned openings in its upper and lower plates. The blade has a peripheral surface formed in part by a series of replaceable circumferentially spaced teeth with transverse cutting edges positioned to rotate about a predetermined first radius. The blade also has a series of circumferentially spaced, generally radially projecting backer tooth mounts for receiving the rear surfaces of the teeth. The mounts have sloped peripheral surfaces lying radially inside the first radius of rotation and have rear surfaces generally parallel to the mount front surfaces. The saw further has generally tangentially projecting finger-like guides in a guide region spaced circumferentially forwardly from each tooth to provide a radially extending chip passing slot between each tooth and guide and the guides have peripheral surfaces positioned to rotate radially inside the first arc of rotation about a second arc of rotation.

Abstract: A cutting tooth for a tree felling saw having a concave front surface and a convex rear surface can be removably fixed to a saw by a fastening device The front surface and the rear surface are uniformly spaced and have a plurality of side surfaces extending therebetween. The intersection of each side section with the front surface forms a cutting edge. An aperture is formed in the cutting tooth for receiving the mounting element.

Abstract: A rotary cutting knife for paper cutting apparatus or the like includes a circular periphery carrier with a planar front face and a peripheral wall. Cylindrical bores in the peripheral wall receive cylindrical blade inserts. Each blade insert includes at its outer end an inclined planar blade face which intersects the cylindrical insert wall to form a cutting edge of elliptical contour. The insert receiving bores in the carrier are so oriented that inserts can be and are mounted therein with their blade faces all lying in a cutting plane parallel to the planar front face of the carrier and perpendicular to the axis of carrier rotation. Additionally, the bore orientation is such that the outer ends of the inserts lag their inner ends in the direction of carrier rotation. The assembly provides improvements in strength, blade wear life and precision of cut.

Abstract: A circular saw is provided with a disc and tooth holders mounted on the periphery of the disc, with each tooth holder having a pair of legs straddling the disc and fasteners such as bolts and nuts extending through the legs and discs for fastening the holder to the disc. A tooth head is provided with a shank in the form of a bolt which extends through a bore in the holder engaging the tooth head, and the shank and tooth head extend in a tangential axis with the periphery of the disc. Shoulders and platforms are provided on the body of the holder for abutting the tooth head.

Abstract: A circular saw is provided with a disc and tooth holders mounted on the periphery of the disc, with each tooth holder having a pair of legs straddling the disc and fasteners such as bolts and nuts extending through the legs and discs for fastening the holder to the disc. A tooth head is provided with a shank in the form of a bolt which extends through a bore in the holder engaging the tooth head, and the shank and tooth head extend in a tangential axis with the periphery of the disc. Shoulders are provided on the body of the holder for abutting the tooth head.

Abstract: A circular saw is provided with a disc and tooth holders mounted on the periphery of the disc, with each tooth holder having a pair of legs straddling the disc and fasteners such as bolts and nuts extending through the legs and discs for fastening the holder to the disc. A tooth head is provided with a shank in the form of a bolt which extends through a bore in the holder engaging the tooth head, and the shank and tooth head extend in a tangential axis with the periphery of the disc. Shoulders are provided on the body of the holder for abutting the tooth head.

Abstract: Circular brush cutting blade for powered brush cutter has cutting teeth arranged in pairs on periphery of blade, the teeth in pairs being of alternate right and left configuration and closely spaced together, the pairs of teeth being relatively widely spaced apart on the blade. Means are provided to engage the kerf sides and deflect the blade toward its central plane as it engages the material being cut.

Abstract: Circular brush cutting blade for powered brush cutter has cutting teeth arranged in pairs on periphery of blade, the teeth in pairs being of alternate right and left configuration and closely spaced together, the pairs of teeth being relatively widely spaced apart on the blade. Means are provided to engage the kerf sides and deflect the blade toward its central plane as it engages the material being cut.

Abstract: A circular disk carries individual saw chain teeth riveted in alternating fashion about opposite marginal sides of the disk. The disk is of lesser thickness than the kerf cut by the teeth. The preferred cutter blade includes teeth having a wide forwardly located depth gage inclined to the path of tooth travel.

Abstract: A circular disk carries individual saw chain teeth riveted in alternating fashion about opposite marginal sides of the disk. The disk is of lesser thickness than the kerf cut by the teeth. The preferred cutter blade includes teeth having a wide forwardly located depth gage inclined to the path of tooth travel.

Abstract: A cutter to be mounted on a spindle of a rotary tool for use in shaping timber. The cutter comprising a rigid member to be mounted co-axially on the tool spindle to rotate therewith and having a plurality of spaced cutting teeth about the periphery of the member, each tooth having a cutting edge extending in a direction transverse to the plane of rotation of the member, and a cutting edge extending in a direction generally radial to the axis of rotation of the member. A depth control projection in advance of each tooth to control the depth of cut of both the transverse and radial cutting edges.

Abstract: The present invention is a rotary tool cutter tooth having a readily replaceable cutting portion and a tool employing the tooth. The tooth consists of an elongated shank for mounting the tooth on the tool body with a cutter element being bolted to the forward end of the shank. Preferably the back face of the cutter element is vertically grooved to receive the forward end of the shank so that the two are precisely aligned and any forces which tend to rotate the cutter element during use are resisted. The face of the shank that adjoins the cutter element may further be provided with a negative or inverted step which engages a corresponding step across the groove of the cutter element. These steps interlock to resist forces which would tend to translate the cutter element radially outward when in use. The cutter element may be made of a tool steel or other hard alloy, whereas the shank is typically formed from a mild steel.

Abstract: Rotating cutting element (1) having a row of cutters (5) placed in recesses at the circumference of a disc. Each recess has radially extending V-shaped front and rear edges (4,3), each cutter (5) has V-shaped front and rear edges (6,7) with the apexes facing away from each other. Each cutter (5) is held in the recess against an abutment (9) by means of a wedge (10) which is tensioned by means of a screw (15).

Abstract: A blade for use in shapers, planers, and the like for the shaping and surface finishing of wood. In contrast to prior art blade shapes wherein a sharpened cutting edge is scraped across the wood resulting in rapid wear of and damage to the blade, the present blade provides a cutting edge which enters the surface of the wood in a shallow chisel-like cutting action. The force on the point is along a line with maximum material behind it to prevent most damage to the cutting. The heel portion of the blade can provide a burnishing action on the surface of the wood so as to eliminate irregularities while, at the same time, resisting any frictional burning of the wood's surface.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved heavy duty circular saw useful for tree falling in conjunction with mechanized feller/buncher equipment. The saw is characterized by ruggedness, easy field repairability, and safety of operation. It is constructed using a flat metallic saw plate of circular configuration. A series of flat segment members are attached around the periphery of the saw plate on each face. Each of these segment members has a plurality of buttress- or tooth-shaped tooth retaining portions on the outer periphery. These buttresses are formed with gullet-shaped spaces between them. The segment members are in an abutting end-to-end relationship on each face of the saw plate. Segment members on opposite sides of the plate are in a staggered configuration so that the abutting end portions of the members on one side are generally located opposite the central portions of the segment members on the opposite side. The tooth retaining buttresses on each side are maintained in an aligned relationship.

Abstract: Elastic mounting for the rod-shaped inserted tooth (1) of a circular saw on a blade body (2). A problem is to eliminate loosening and disengagement of teeth caused by an impact-like loading on teeth and occurring after a relatively short service life. A blade body (2) or a tooth (1) is provided with an elastic strip (5 or 6) whose spring force (H), together with the flattening force exerted by a locking rivet (4'), urges a tooth against those points (a and b) in its fitting notch which also receive the bearing forces exerted by a shearing force of sawing.

Abstract: A brush clearing saw blade assembly attachment for a tractor pushed substantially parallel to the ground is grooved to receive replaceable teeth mating in the grooves and each frictionally held in place by a removable pin. The blade assembly between adjacent teeth is contoured for self-cleaning action.

Abstract: A device for cutting, chipping and scraping compacted earth is disclosed. The apparatus is affixed to a prime mover for rotary engagement with the earth, whereby the compacted earth is selectively loosened and/or moved. The blade design disclosed is particularly useful for close accurate work around concrete forms and the like. Other embodiments are disclosed for large area grading.

Abstract: A precision book cutting wheel with insertable cutting bits has sockets slidingly receiving the bits and a clamping block for holding the bit in adjusted position. The sockets are inclined at an angle of 20.degree. to 40.degree. to a cutting plane normal to the axis of the wheel, and each bit has an outer cutting edge formed by a bevel parallel to and adjustable to the cutting plane.