Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to automatically generating new music content based on image representations of audio files. A music generation system includes a music generation subsystem and a music classification subsystem. The music generation subsystem may generate output music content according to music parameters that define policy for generating music. The classification subsystem may be used to classify whether music is generated by the music generation subsystem or is professionally produced music content. The music generation subsystem may implement an algorithm that is reinforced by prediction output from the music classification subsystem. Reinforcement may include tuning the music parameters to generate more human-like music content.

Abstract: System, process and device configurations are provided for game environment customized generation of gaming music. A method can include detecting a gameplay location for a game environment of an electronic game and at least one environmental parameter for the gameplay location. Gaming music based may be updated based on the at least one environmental parameter to account for one or more of proximity to gaming objects and landscape descriptions for openness and enclosed spaces. Gameplay locations may be detected based on a mapping of the game environment for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) mapping. Gaming music may be updated to adjust parameters for generating the gaming music based on emotional impact data of the location and direction of one or more objects in the gameplay location relative to a user character. Coordination of music and game environments may provide an immersive and intuitive sense of objects.

Abstract: A method and system for rehabilitation of a patient having a physical impairment by providing repetitive motion therapy is disclosed. The system is configured to receive biomechanical data from the patient regarding repetitive movements of the patient performed using a first and second side of the body, respectively, and select, based on the data, an entrainment side according to which repetitive motion therapy is provided. The system further performs repetitive motion therapy by: providing the patient auditory stimulus comprising beat signals output at respective beat times; receiving time-stamped biomechanical data for repetitive movements performed by the patient using the entrainment side in relation to the respective beat times of the beat signals; calculating an entrainment potential for the entrainment side by comparing a timing of the repetitive movements to the timing of the beat signals; and modifying the auditory stimulus as a function of the calculated entrainment potential.

Abstract: Computer-based systems, devices, and methods for assigning mood labels to musical compositions are described. A mood classifier is trained based on mood-labeled musically-coherent segments of musical compositions and subsequently applied to automatically assign mood labels to musically-coherent segments of musical compositions. In both cases, the musically-coherent segments are generated using automated segmentation algorithms.

Abstract: A piano co-pilot system for enhancing piano skills of a student, the system comprising: a co-pilot hardware, including: a LED strip having a plurality of LED lights and a listener/interface unit, the listener/interface unit including a processor unit and a touch screen/listener device; a cloud computing center having at least one application programing interface (API) and an artificial intelligence (AI) module, with the co-pilot hardware in communication with the cloud computing center; a piano, which is a keyboard having a plurality of arranged keys; wherein the LED strip is configured on the keyboard with the plurality of LED lights configured to correspond to the plurality of arranged keys; and wherein the listener/interface unit is configured upon the piano and the touch screen/listener device is accessible for visual and tactile interface by the student.

Abstract: Musical catalog amplification services that leverage or deploy a computer-based musical composition system are described. The computer-based musical composition system employs algorithms and, optionally, artificial intelligence to generate new music based on analyses of existing music. The new music may be wholly distinctive from, or may include musical variations of, the existing music. Rights in the new music generated by the computer-based musical composition system are granted to the rights holder(s) of the existing music. In this way, the musical catalog(s) of the rights holder(s) is/are amplified to include additional music assets. The computer-based musical composition system may be tuned so that the new music sounds more like, or less like, the existing music of the rights holder(s). Revenues generated from the new music are shared between the musical catalog amplification service provider and the rights holder(s).

Abstract: Provided is a transmitter for musical instrument and a mode switching method thereof. A transmitter for musical instrument which is mounted on an electric guitar determines the electric guitar is in a not-in-use state when a continuation time in which a square sum of accelerations output from a three-axis acceleration sensor is smaller than a power-saving threshold value is longer than a power-saving transition time, and the transmitter transitions from a normal mode to an energy-saving mode. On the other hand, when the accelerations in the energy-saving mode becomes equal to or greater than a release threshold value from a state of being smaller than the release threshold value or becomes equal to or smaller than the release threshold value from a state of being greater than the release threshold value, the electric guitar is returned from the energy-saving mode to the normal mode.

Abstract: In some embodiments, methods and systems for combining a prerecorded performance with a live performance within a space (such as a vehicle) are disclosed. A first performance (which may be a prerecorded performance) may be started within the space, and a second performance (such as a live performance) may subsequently be initiated within the space as well. The second performance may be detected, and based upon the detection, one or more volume parameters of the first performance may be modified. One or more properties of the second performance may also be modified, and the modified first performance may then be combined with the modified second performance to create a combined performance.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes an operation unit that receives a user performance; and at least one processor. wherein the at least one processor performs the following: in accordance with a user operation specifying a chord on the operation unit, obtaining lyric data of a lyric and obtaining a plurality of pieces of waveform data respectively corresponding to a plurality of pitches indicated by the specified chord; inputting the obtained lyric data to a trained model that has been trained and learned singing voices of a singer so as to cause the trained model to output acoustic feature data in response thereto; synthesizing each of the plurality of pieces of waveform data with the acoustic feature data so as to generate a plurality of pieces of synthesized waveform data; and outputting a polyphonic synthesized singing voice based on the generated plurality of pieces of synthesized waveform data.

Abstract: Media preferences for a user account (or for multiple user accounts) may be used to guide media playback. A server of a streaming audio service receives, from a first controller interface on a first mobile device, data representing a request to play back a first audio track on a playback device, the first controller interface associated with a first user account of the streaming audio service. In response, the server streams data representing the first audio track to the playback device for playback. While streaming, the server receives, from a second controller interface on a second mobile device, data representing a preference for the first audio track that the playback device is playing back, the second controller interface associated with a second user account of the streaming audio service. The server stores, in a preference database corresponding to the second user account, data representing the preference for the first audio track.

Abstract: A music data editing device includes: a music data player configured to play music data to which a unit section for playing a music piece is assigned; a unit section recorder configured to record the music data of every unit section in time series, the music data being currently played; and a unit section reader configured to read the unit section recorded by the unit section recorder.

Abstract: Measures (for example, methods, systems and computer programs) are provided to evaluate a percussive performance. Percussive performance data captured by one or more sensors is received. The percussive performance data represents one or more impact waveforms of one or more hits on a performance surface. The one or more impact waveforms are analysed. The analysing comprises: (i) identifying one or more characteristics of the one or more impact waveforms; (ii) classifying the one or more hits as one or more percussive hit-types based on the one or more characteristics; and (iii) evaluating the one or more percussive hit-types against performance target data. Performance evaluation data is output based on said evaluating.

Abstract: A method and system for manufacturing a circuit is disclosed.

Abstract: Techniques have been developed to facilitate (1) the capture and pitch correction of vocal performances on handheld or other portable computing devices and (2) the mixing of such pitch-corrected vocal performances with backing tracks for audible rendering on targets that include such portable computing devices and as well as desktops, workstations, gaming stations, even telephony targets. Implementations of the described techniques employ signal processing techniques and allocations of system functionality that are suitable given the generally limited capabilities of such handheld or portable computing devices and that facilitate efficient encoding and communication of the pitch-corrected vocal performances (or precursors or derivatives thereof) via wireless and/or wired bandwidth-limited networks for rendering on portable computing devices or other targets.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes at least one processor that, in accordance with a user operation on an operation unit, obtains lyric data and waveform data corresponding to a first tone color; inputs the obtained lyric data to a trained model so as to cause the trained model to output acoustic feature data in response thereto; generates waveform data corresponding to a singing voice of a singer and corresponding to a second tone color that is different from the first tone color, based on the acoustic feature data outputted from the trained model and the obtained waveform data corresponding to the first tone color; and outputs a singing voice based on the generated waveform data corresponding to the second tone color.

Abstract: A controller for real-time visual display of music includes a music analysis module and a display control module. The music analysis module receives an audio input, determines human perceived musical structures, human felt affect and emotion as a function of the audio input, and outputs a signal corresponding to the determined structure, affect and emotion. The display control module is operatively coupled to the music analysis module and receives the signal and controls a visual display as a function thereof to express the determined musical structure, affect and emotion in a visual manner.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes: a memory that stores lyric data including lyrics for a plurality of timings, pitch data including pitches for said plurality of timings, and a trained model that has been trained and learned singing voice features of a singer; and at least one processor, wherein at each of said plurality of timings, the at least one processor: if the operation unit is not operated, obtains, from the trained model, a singing voice feature associated with a lyric indicated by the lyric data and a pitch indicated by the pitch data; if the operation unit is operated, obtains, from the trained model, a singing voice feature associated with the lyric indicated by the lyric data and a pitch indicated by the operation of the operation unit; and synthesizes and outputs singing voice data based on the obtained singing voice feature of the singer.

Abstract: A system of playing media content items determines transitions between pairs of media content items by determining desirable locations in which transitions across the pairs of media content items occur. The system uses a plurality of track features of media content items and determines such track features of each media content item associated with each of transition point candidates, such as beat positions, of that media content item. The system determines similarity in the plurality of track features between the transition point candidates of a first media content item and the transition point candidates for a second media content item being played subsequent to the first media content item. The transition points or portions of the first and second media content items are selected from the transition point candidates for the first and second media content items based on the similarity results.

Abstract: The present invention provides method and system for composing music with chord accompaniment. One or more keys on a first keyboard are selected by end-users to generate a chord progression, and a computer generates a chord progression MIDI file, and associates the file with a first physical card that is embedded with a unique machine-readable ID (UID). After the UID of the first physical card is subsequently recognized, the chord progression MIDI file is retrieved and played. While the chord progression MIDI file is played, certain keys on a second keyboard are highlighted, and each of the highlighted keys on a second keyboard represents a music note that is in harmony with a particular chord in the chord progression while the particular chord is being played, and one or more of the highlighted keys on the second keyboard are selected by the end-user to compose a melody.

Abstract: A multi-purpose Bluetooth interface and controller includes a microcontrol unit and at least one first microphone, the first microphone being electrically connected to the MCU and configured to collect sound signals and convert the sound signals into electrical signals that are received by the MCU; wherein the Bluetooth interface and controller further includes at least one connection port which is electrically connected to the MCU and is configured to connect an external device that includes a wired microphone, the wired microphone also being configured to collect sound signals that are received by the MCU; and the MCU encodes electrical sound signals received from the first microphone and the external wired microphone, and transmits the encoded sound signals in uplink to a mobile terminal via a Bluetooth wireless connection established between the MCU and the mobile terminal for subsequent processing by the mobile terminal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for mapping parts in a digital sheet music file for a harmony. The method may include receiving a selection of a music segment for part mapping, receiving a digital sheet music representation of the selected music segment, and determining a plurality of plausible part mapping for the digital sheet music representation. A part mapping identifies one or more distinct musical parts in the digital sheet music representation, each of said one or more distinct musical parts corresponding to a performer of the harmony. The method may also include analyzing one or more features of the plurality of plausible part mapping to identify a highest probability part mapping based on previously stored information, and outputting the highest probability part mapping.

Abstract: There are provided an entertainment device, a display control method, a program, and an information storage medium for enabling command information arranged on a screen to be less of a nuisance for the user than before. A voice receiving section (56) receives a voice. When the voice represents prescribed information, a command information arranging section (68) arranges command information at a position on a screen in accordance with display content of the screen, the command information being indicative of a command and causing execution of a process corresponding to the command upon receipt of the voice represented by the information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of a device that builds a target using a plurality of processing units is described. In an exemplary embodiment, the device receives an input audio track having a first duration, the input audio track having a plurality of points. The device further generates a transition matrix of the input audio track, wherein the transition matrix indicates a similarity metric between different pairs of the plurality of points. In addition, the device determines a set of jump points using the different pairs of the plurality of points. The device additionally generates the rearranged audio track using the set of jump points, wherein the rearranged audio track has second duration and the second duration is different than the first duration.

Abstract: Playback of a graphical representation of a digital musical score is synchronized with an expressive audio rendering of the score that contains tempo and dynamics beyond those specified in the score. The method involves determining a set of offsets for occurrences of score events in the audio rendering by comparing and temporally aligning audio waveforms of successive subclips of the audio rendering with corresponding audio waveforms of successive subclips of an audio rendering synthesized directly from the score. Tempos and dynamics of human performances may be extracted and used to generate expressive renderings synthesized from the corresponding digital score. This enables parties who wish to distribute or share music scores, such as composers and publishers, to allow prospective licensors to evaluate the score by listening to an expressive musical recording instead of a mechanically synthesized rendering.

Abstract: For example, provided is an information processing device with which the entire performance can be felt really visually. The information processing device TB according to the present invention includes a processor performing a reception process of receiving input of performance information including pitch information, a first image output process of outputting a first image according to the received performance information, a performance determination process of determining at least any of tonality, a chord type, and a pitch name on the basis of the received performance information, and second image output process of outputting a second image according to a result determined in the performance determination process.

Abstract: A performance assistance apparatus includes a sound generator circuit and a processor. In response to detection of a sound generation timing, the processor determines whether or not the sound indicated by the user performance information matches the sound designated by the model performance information in association with the sound generation timing. Based on determination that the sound indicated by the user performance information does not match the sound designated by the model performance information, the processor causes the sound generator to audibly generate an assist sound relating to the sound designated by the model performance information.

Abstract: A performance control method includes estimating a performance position in a musical piece by analyzing a performance of the musical piece by a performer, causing a performance device to execute an automatic performance in accordance with performance data designating the performance content of the musical piece so as to be synchronized with the progress of the performance position, and controlling the relationship between the progress of the performance position and the automatic performance in accordance with control data that is independent of the performance data.

Abstract: A technique determination device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an input sound acquisition unit acquiring an input sound, a pitch detection unit detecting a pitch on a time-series basis based on the input sound, a sound-volume detection unit detecting a sound volume on the time series basis based on the input sound, a first starting-point detection unit determining whether variation of the sound volume is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold for each predetermined period and detecting a starting point of a period in which the variation of the sound volume is equal to or larger than the threshold as a first starting point, and a technique determination unit determining a technique of the input sound based on a change of the sound volume after the first starting point and variation of the pitch after the first starting point.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument includes: a memory that stores a machine-learning trained acoustic model mimicking voice of a singer and at least one processor. When a vocoder mode is on, prescribed lyric data and pitch data corresponding to a user operation of an operation element of the musical instrument are inputted to the trained acoustic model, and inferred singing voice data that infers a singing voice of the singer is synthesized on the basis of acoustic feature data output by the trained acoustic model and on the basis of instrument sound waveform data that are synthesized in accordance with the pitch data corresponding to the user operation of the operation element. When the vocoder mode is off, the inferred singing voice data is synthesized based on the acoustic feature data without using the sound waveform data.

Abstract: A chord estimation apparatus estimates a first chord from an audio signal, and estimates a second chord by inputting the estimated first chord to a trained model that has learned a chord modification tendency.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method, a client and a computer storage medium for processing information, wherein the method includes: triggering a first operation; downloading a first audio file and a first text file matching the first audio file in response to the first operation; partly truncating the first audio file to obtain a first audio clip according to first indication information for identifying a truncating start position and second indication information for identifying a truncating end position; triggering a second operation; playing the first audio clip and dynamically displaying a text information part in the first text file corresponding to the first audio clip synchronously in response to the second operation; acquiring voice information of a user while playing the first audio chip; and synthesizing the first audio clip and the voice information into a first acquisition result.

Abstract: An evaluation device according to an embodiment includes an acquisition unit acquiring an input sound; a feature value calculation unit calculating a feature value from the input sound acquired by the acquisition unit; a detection unit detecting a break position corresponding to a starting point of each sound included in the input sound acquired by the acquisition unit based on the feature value calculated by the feature value calculation unit; and an evaluation value calculation unit calculating, based on a plurality of break positions detected by the detection unit, an evaluation value regarding a degree of temporal regularity of the plurality of break positions.

Abstract: A system comprising a wireless entertainment system natively coupled through a network to a primary service provider for providing services, operates on multiple keywords to re-direct processing operations from the native service provider to additional, non-native services which may include online secure data, VPN, and/or VOIP. The system and method may employ sniffing, masking, and spoofing the communications and effectuating alternative communications channels transparent to the primary service provider. A private device includes code operable to transparently couple a remote device to a remote service provider, monitor a communication between the remote device and the remote service provider, and respond to the communications. Some embodiments may include a private service provider, a VPN connection and operations with a telephone service.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are example techniques for multimedia experience based on biometric data. An example implementation may involve receiving first biometric data representing one or more first biological characteristics of an individual. After receiving the first biometric data, the example implementation may involve correlating the one or more first biological characteristics of the individual with a listening state of the individual. The example implementation may further involve receiving second biometric data representing one or more second biological characteristics of the individual. After receiving the second biometric data, the example implementation may involve determining that the one or more second biological characteristics corresponds to the one or more first biological characteristics.

Abstract: Systems, including methods and apparatus, for generating audio effects based on accompaniment audio produced by live or pre-recorded accompaniment instruments, in combination with melody audio produced by a singer. Audible broadcast of the accompaniment audio may be delayed by a predetermined time, such as the time required to determine chord information contained in the accompaniment signal. As a result, audio effects that require the chord information may be substantially synchronized with the audible broadcast of the accompaniment audio. The present teachings may be especially suitable for use in karaoke systems, to correct and add sound effects to a singer's voice that sings along with a pre-recorded accompaniment track.

Abstract: An enterprise level data element review system including a data access event collection subsystem operative to collect data access event notifications relating to ones of a multiplicity of data elements, a data element metadata modification subassembly receiving an output from the data access event collection subsystem and providing a script indicating which data elements have had a metadata modification over a given period of time, and a data element dancer operative to collect at least one of metadata and access permissions for a plurality of data elements which is substantially less than the multiplicity of data elements and is selected on the basis of the script.

Abstract: A method for processing a music performance, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a first media signal from a media source; analyzing the first media signal to extract any media signal characteristics; creating a reference media signal by suppressing at-least a predominant sound source of the first media signal; reproducing the reference media signal while receiving a users media signal from an input device to generate a second media signal; analyzing the second media signal to extract any media signal characteristics; processing the characteristics of the second media signal in isolation or in combination with the characteristics of the first media signal; and generating feedback for the music performance based upon the processed media signals.

Abstract: A method is provided of aligning pitch data with audio data in a computing device, the method comprising the computer implemented steps of compiling a plurality of pitch data related to an audio file, each pitch data including information about at least one distinct pitch which is capable of being used by an electronic device to emulate said pitch, said plurality of pitch data compiled in a chronological order relating to said audio file, and arranging the compiled pitch data with the corresponding audio file containing audio data having at least one chord change, wherein the pitch data is offset from the audio data by a predetermined time margin. Further, an audio file is provided, stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium, having pitch data corresponding to and offset from chord changes in audio data by a predetermined time margin advance, and a non-transitory computer readable medium is provided, having stored thereon a set of computer executable instructions.

Abstract: A virtual instrument can manage separate static and dynamic samples for various notes that can be played by the virtual instrument. In some cases, the static samples correspond to resonance sounds recorded for an instrument and are the same for every note. However, the dynamic samples may correspond to isolated sounds that are recorded for each variation of a note that can be played. In response to a user's selection of a note on a user interface of the virtual instrument, the virtual instrument may determine a rule for layering the various static and dynamic samples for playback.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for simulating recommendations for unavailable users in a social media recommendation network. In general, the social media recommendation network is formed such that each user in the social media recommendation network sends and receives recommendations from their friends. When one of the users in the social media recommendation network is unavailable, a recommendation simulator operates to simulate recommendations from the unavailable user. When the user once again becomes available, the recommendation simulator ceases simulation of recommendations from the user.

Abstract: Systems, including methods and apparatus, for generating audio effects based on accompaniment audio produced by live or pre-recorded accompaniment instruments, in combination with melody audio produced by a singer. Audible broadcast of the accompaniment audio may be delayed by a predetermined time, such as the time required to determine chord information contained in the accompaniment signal. As a result, audio effects that require the chord information may be substantially synchronized with the audible broadcast of the accompaniment audio. The present teachings may be especially suitable for use in karaoke systems, to correct and add sound effects to a singer's voice that sings along with a pre-recorded accompaniment track.

Abstract: An electronic system (and corresponding method) for creating and managing media content involves at least one content management system (CMS) and a service. The CMS is configured to interact with at least one first-type user in order to create and manage media content for publication. The service is configured to interact with a plurality of second-type users in order to submit media content items that are associated with media content managed by the CMS and to store such media content items. Both the CMS and the service include corresponding interfaces that allow for exchange of electronic messages therebetween via network communications over the Internet, wherein the electronic messages conform to a predefined protocol.

Abstract: A voice analysis method includes a variable extraction step of generating a time series of a relative pitch. The relative pitch is a difference between a pitch generated from music track data, which continuously fluctuates on a time axis, and a pitch of a reference voice. The music track data designate respective notes of a music track in time series. The reference voice is a voice obtained by singing the music track. The pitch of the reference voice is processed by an interpolation processing for a voiceless section from which no pitch is detected. The voice analysis method also includes a characteristics analysis step of generating singing characteristics data that define a model for expressing the time series of the relative pitch generated in the variable extraction step.

Abstract: Controlling a videoconference based on gestures received to a touch interface. A gesture may be received to a touch interface. In response to the gesture, a videoconference action may be performed. For example, a first gesture may be received to mute the videoconference and in response, the videoconference may be muted. As another example, a second gesture may be received to adjust the volume of the videoconference, and the volume may be correspondingly adjusted. Further, various gestures may be received for controlling one or more cameras in a videoconference, accessing settings in a videoconference, interacting with a presentation, etc.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system that enables a user to find and act-upon a sound-containing composition, in a group of compositions. One or more sound-segments, which are intended to prompt a user's memory, may be associated with each composition in a group of compositions. A recognition sound-segment may include a portion of its associated composition, which is more recognizable to users than the beginning part of its associated composition. A recognition-segment may contain one or more highly recognizable portion(s) of a composition. When the user is trying to locate or select a particular composition, the recognition-segments are navigated and played-back to the user, based upon a user-device context/mode. When a user recognizes the desired composition from its recognition-segment, the user may initiate a control action to playback; arrange; and/or act-upon, the composition that is associated with the currently playing recognition-segment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for autonomously mixing multiple devices capable of storing and playing audio signals is provided. Multiple devices can be mixed into one standard stereo signal that can then be played on any sort of powered speakers or amplifier. The apparatus is capable of receiving multiple audio inputs and can combine multiple iPods®, iPhones®, MP3 devices, or other devices capable of storing and playing audio signals, such that more than one device can be played at one time. No human intervention is required to control the device when the device is in autonomous mode. The autonomous mode can include random song playback using multiple devices.

Abstract: An accompaniment data generating apparatus has a storing portion 15 for storing sets of phrase waveform data each related to a chord identified on the basis of a combination of chord type and chord root, and a CPU 9. The CPU 9 carries out a chord information obtaining process for obtaining chord information by which a chord type and a chord root are identified, and a chord note waveform data generating process for generating phrase waveform data indicative of chord notes of the chord root and the chord type identified by the obtained chord information in accordance with the obtained chord information by use of the sets of phrase waveform data stored in the storing portion 15, and outputting the generated data as accompaniment data.

Abstract: System and method creates audible sound representations for atoms and molecules. Musical notes or musical note combinations (chords) are assigned to each element in elemental periodic table. Musical notes or musical note combinations (chords) are assigned to atomic and molecular bonds (covalent and ionic, intra and inter molecular interactions) and to all molecular functional groups. This invention creates a new representation format, the audible sound format, for atoms and molecules in addition to text and image formats currently used in schools, universities, research institutes and industries, etc.

Abstract: A music analysis apparatus has a feature extractor and an analysis processor. The feature extractor generates a time series of feature values from a sequence of notes which is designated as an object of analysis. The analysis processor computes an evaluation index value which indicates a probability that the designated sequence of notes is present in each of a plurality of reference music pieces by applying a probabilistic model to the time series of the feature values generated from the designated sequence of notes. The probabilistic model is generated by machine learning of the plurality of reference music pieces using time series of feature values obtained from the reference music pieces.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for preventing extraction of original audio tracks from a song. The techniques are executed on a game platform and involve providing a first and second audio track representing parts of a musical composition, mixing the first audio track and the second audio track to provide a mixed audio track, generating an audio modification data comprising a series of substantially random audio modifiers, and then modifying, before playback, the mixed audio track based on the audio modification data to provide a modified mixed audio track, such that subtracting the second audio track from the modified mixed audio track produces a third audio track with an audibly detectable deviation from the first audio track.