Abstract: There are provided a performance data generating apparatus and method which is capable of automatically converting original performance data providing an expressionless performance into performance data that enable a variety of musically excellent performances, by means of a novel expression adding converter using various modularized rules and procedures to add expressions based on temporal changes such as tempo and timing, as well as a storage medium that stores a program for executing the method.

Abstract: There is provided a music reproduction system which enables music editing and acoustic effect application by simple operations, for realizing a desired musical concept in an operator's mind. An operating terminal that can be carried by an operator generates motion information in response to motion of the operator carrying the operating terminal unit. Music data of a piece of music to be reproduced is edited based on the generated motion information. The motion information includes peak information indicative of magnitude of the motion. When a peak value indicated by the peak information exceeds predetermined first and second threshold values, music reproduction control information is generated based on the peak information, and when the peak value indicated by the peak information is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, acoustic effect control information is generated based on the peak information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting the reproducing speed of an acoustic signal where, of the acoustic signals held in a data recording section 1, the input acoustic signal s1 (sampled for max. pitch cycle×2) is read from a process-start position P. A low-pass filter 7 controls the high-band component of the acoustic signal s1. A decimation section 8 performs appropriate down-sampling on a signal output from the low pass filter 7. The signal, thus down-sampled, is read into a signal buffer section 9. A down-sampled, input acoustic signal s2 is transferred from the signal buffer section 9 to a pitch-calculating section 3, which calculates a pitch cycle s3.

Abstract: Multiple kernel-mode audio processing modules or filters are combined to form a module or filter graph. The graph is implemented in kernel-mode, reducing latency and jitter when handling audio data (e.g., MIDI data) by avoiding transfers of the audio data to user-mode applications for processing. A variety of different audio processing modules can be used to provide various pieces of functionality when processing audio data.

Abstract: Plural part playback channels each play back music performance signals of respectively assigned performance parts selectively in an enhanced mode or in an unenhanced mode. When an enhanced mode is designated for a particular channel 2 (at time A), the channel 2 plays back the music performance signals in a prominent manner and channels 1, 3-6 plays back in a suppressed manner. The tone volume of the channels 1, 3-6 in the suppressed manner is set by manipulating the contrast dial CD. Where the enhanced mode is set for plural channels 2 and 6 (between time C and time D), manipulation of an enhanced mode clear switch SC (at time D) causes cancellation of the prominent manner of playback at the channels 2 and 6 as well as the suppressed manner of playback at the channels 1, 3-5.

Abstract: A method of managing audio parameter of application software according to the present invention is a method of managing audio parameter of application software used on the operating system, wherein at start of the application software, a starting audio parameter set in said operating system is stored, and whatever the starting audio parameter may be, audio data playback function is performed according to an exiting audio parameter when the application software was exited last time; and at exit of the application software, audio parameter at this time is stored as the exiting audio parameter of the application software and setting is switched from the exiting audio parameter to the starting audio parameter and audio data playback function is performed according to the starting audio parameter.

Abstract: A sound generation system for proving surround sound includes a sound generation means, a plurality of sound channels and a recording means. The sound generation means is for operation by a user to generate sounds and includes a plurality of interface members for generating sounds. Each interface member is operable by the user to generate an associated sound. The plurality of sound channels is for receiving sound from the plurality of interface members. Each interface member in the plurality of interface members is connected to a distinct associated channel in the plurality of sound channels to transmit the associated sound to the distinct associated channel. The recording means is for recording sound from each sound from each channel in the plurality of sound channels.

Abstract: An interactive music system (10) in accordance with various aspects of the invention lets a user control the playback of recorded music according to gestures entered via an input device (14), such as a mouse. The system includes modules which interpret input gestures made on a computer input device and adjust the playback of audio data in accordance with input gesture data. Various methods for encoding sound information in an audio data produce with meta-data indicating how it can be varied during playback are also disclosed. More specifically, a gesture input system receives user input from a device, such as a mouse, and interprets this data as one of a number of predefined gestures which are assigned an emotional or interpretive meaning according to a “character” hierarchy or library (16) of gesture descriptions. The received gesture inputs are used to alter the character of music which is being played in accordance with the meaning of the gesture.

Abstract: A singing voice synthesizing apparatus comprises: a storage device that stores singing voice information for synthesizing a singing voice; a phoneme database that stores articulation data of a transition part including an articulation for a transition from one phoneme to another and stationary data of a long sound part including stationary part where one phoneme is stably pronounced; a selecting device that selects data in the phoneme database in accordance with the singing voice information; a first outputting device that outputs a characteristic parameter of the transition part by extracting the characteristic parameter of the transition part from the selected articulation data; and a second outputting device that obtains the articulation data before and after the stationary data of a long sound part selected by the selecting device, generates and outputs a characteristic parameter of the long sound part by interpolating the obtained data.

Abstract: A incoming-call tone generation device comprises: a first storage unit 1, for storing an effect calculation formula for incoming-call tone data; a second storage unit, for storing incoming-call tone data that consist of data for original sounds; a controller, for reading incoming-call tone data from the second storage unit and transmitting the data to a digital signal processor 4, and for controlling a D/A converter 5; the digital signal processor 4, for calculating an effect pattern and a sine wave using the calculation formula read from the first storage unit, and for performing an envelope process for the incoming-call tone data; the D/A converter 5, for converting, into analog data, digital incoming-call tone data obtained during the envelope process, and for outputting an analog incoming-call tone; and a loudspeaker 6 through which an analog incoming-call tone is released.

Abstract: A music performance data signal contains tone effect control messages to control the tone signal processor for imparting tone effects to the produced musical tones in a high-ranked model of tone producing apparatus in which many and complicated tone effects are available. In order that such a music performance signal can drive a low-ranked model of tone producing apparatus in which a small number of and simple tone effect are available, the tone effect control messages for the high-ranked model are converted to tone effect control messages which can realize similar tone effects as on the high-ranked model. For the tone effects not directly available in the low-ranked model, the tone effect control messages are converted with reference to conversion tables.

Abstract: A display 21 for setting atone control parameter is disposed on an operation panel of an electronic musical instrument. Function and subfunction operator groups 23, 24 are arranged in parallel in two rows along a longer side of display 21. Function operator group 23 corresponds to each function in the first hierarchy, and subfunction operator group 24 corresponds to each subfunction in the second hierarchy that is designated for each function in the first hierarchy. Display 21 displays a tone control parameter that is to be set by the operation of a parameter setting operator group 25 and the characters representing each function and each subfunction of the function and subfunction operator groups 23, 24. By operation of each operator group 23, 24, the functions and the subfunctions are switched hierarchy by hierarchy, whereby a desired tone control parameter can be easily set to be a desired value or can be easily changed.

Abstract: A performance date editing system is designed to efficiently convert normal performance data to execution-related performance data with simple operations and without errors. Herein, data portions which are subjected to conversion to execution-related data are extracted from input performance data corresponding to MIDI data. In addition, it is possible to further extract specific types of data, which are related to prescribed musical parameters (or events) such as attack, release, modulation and accent-plus-duration, from the extracted data portions. Hence, the extracted data portions or the specific types of data being further extracted are subjected to conversion to the execution-related data, which are supplied to an execution-related sound source. Herein, a remaining part of the input performance data excluding the extracted data portions is supplied to a normal sound source.

Abstract: Style-of-rendition identification information representing a style of rendition of a performance tone is received, and reference is made to a predetermined table on the basis of the received style-of-rendition identification information to thereby obtain, from the table, style-of-rendition module data corresponding to the received style-of-rendition identification information. Waveform is produced on the basis of the obtained style-of-rendition module data. The style-of-rendition module data is data representing behavior of a waveform to be produced in accordance with a style of rendition and may include data representing characteristic behavior of vectors that control the waveform to be reproduced. The behavior of the waveform can be defined by various waveform factors. The vectors include, for example, vectors of various fundamental waveform factors for producing the waveform, such as a waveform shape, pitch, amplitude and time axis.

Abstract: Style-of-rendition identification information representing a style of rendition of a performance tone is received, and reference is made to a predetermined table on the basis of the received style-of-rendition identification information to thereby obtain, from the table, style-of-rendition module data corresponding to the received style-of-rendition identification information. Waveform is produced on the basis of the obtained style-of-rendition module data. The style-of-rendition module data is data representing behavior of a waveform to be produced in accordance with a style of rendition and may include data representing characteristic behavior of vectors that control the waveform to be reproduced. The behavior of the waveform can be defined by various waveform factors. The vectors include, for example, vectors of various fundamental waveform factors for producing the waveform, such as a waveform shape, pitch, amplitude and time axis.

Abstract: A computerized method and apparatus for creating a scratch effect through a MIDI interface. In one form, timing signals are derived from a turntable whose direction and speed of rotation are manually controlled by a disk jockey. The timing signals are processed by a microcomputer into a MIDI protocol recognizable by a conventional MIDI instrument. Preferably, the microcomputer is coupled to control a computer which interprets the MIDI protocol output and uses the output to regulate speed and direction of playback of a musical and/or visual presentation.

Abstract: When adjoining, i.e. Preceding and succeeding, waveform-forming module data are to be interlined, a mutual approaching rate is designated, and the preceding and succeeding module data are modified in accordance with the designated mutual approaching rate. The modification based on the mutual approaching rate allows the preceding and succeeding module data to approach each other and thus provides for smooth link or connection between the two module data. Further, by designating a link starting point in the preceding module data and/or a link ending point in the succeeding module data, the preceding and succeeding module data are interlined to an appropriate degree depending on a difference or degree of similarity between the two module data.

Abstract: Music-performance data is separated into at least note-number data, musical note-velocity data, musical note-length data and other necessary data. A primary encoded code is formed in which the note-number data, the musical note-velocity data, the musical note-length data and the other necessary data are arranged in different data fields. The primary encoded code and a playback player are compressed, the playback player being formed in software having a primary encoded code decoding function to decode the primary encoded code into the data arranged in the different data fields for reproducing the music-performance data, thus forming a first secondary encoded code for the primary encoded code and a second secondary encoded code for the playback player. The first secondary encoded code is decoded into the primary encoded code of the music-performance data. The second secondary encoded code is decoded into the playback player.

Abstract: In response to user's selection of a desired instrument style such as a piano style, only some of memory-stored automatic performance data sets that belong to the selected instrument style are made selectable. On the other hand, a tonal characteristic for manual performance is set to a tonal characteristic corresponding to the selected instrument switch. Thus, in executing an ensemble of manual and automatic performances, even a beginner can readily select and set a tone color and performance pattern. According to another aspect, there is provided a memory storing a plurality of automatic performance data sets and the setting parameters in corresponding relation to a plurality of performance styles. Tone setting parameters include manual performance tone setting parameters that are suited at least for the plurality of performance styles.

Abstract: An electronic keyboard instrument is basically configured by a keyboard, a microcomputer, a tone generator and a sound system as well as sensors, switches and foot switches. Each of keys of the keyboard is equipped with a variety of sensors and switches such as a touch sensor, make switches, a key-stroke sensor, key-depression pressure sensors and a hammer-depression pressure sensor, while the foot switches correspond to a damper pedal, a soft pedal and a sostenuto pedal as well as a slur foot switch and a portamento foot switch. Herein, various acoustic instruments are related to different performance techniques respectively. So, operating a foot switch designate a specific performance technique detection rule in response to a desired tone color corresponding to an acoustic instrument whose sounds are being simulated. Then, a performance technique is detected in accordance with the performance technique detection rule on the basis of outputs of the sensors, at least one of which is selectively used.

Abstract: Set of sample identification information and representative-point designating data is generated in accordance with performance data or the like, and sample data is obtained by referring to a database in accordance with the generated sample identification information. If necessary, the thus-obtained sample data is adjusted or modified on the basis of the representative-point designating data. Characteristic of the sample data can be controlled appropriately and efficiently by the representative-point designating data specifying representative sample points for which sample data adjustment is to be performed. For example, particular sample data that is located at a given representative sample point designated by the representative-point designating data is adjusted in accordance with adjustment information, and other sample data that is located at another sample point is adjusted simultaneously with such adjustment at the representative sample point.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument having a single-tone priority function includes touch detection value storage means for storing a touch detection value that pertains to an ON key, priority key selection means for selecting the first priority key out of ON keys when detecting a key OFF event, tone generation means for generating a tone corresponding to the first priority key selected by the priority key selection means, tone volume computation means for computing a tone volume of the tone generated by the tone generation means on the basis of a touch detection value that pertains to the priority key stored in the touch detection value storage means, and a touch detection value that pertains to the latest key event, and tone generation control means for controlling to generate the tone in the tone volume computed by the tone volume computation means, thereby allowing a legato play with a natural tone volume with respect to a play made so far.

Abstract: Control data are extracted from tone waveforms obtained by actually playing acoustic musical instruments in various styles of rendition, and a plurality of these control data are stored in memory to provide databases. Automatic or manual music performance data are supplied in real or non-real time. Desired one or more notes are selected from among the supplied music performance data, and a desired style of rendition is selected in corresponding relation to the selected notes. Then, one or more control data corresponding to the selected style of rendition are read out from the memory so that generation of a tone corresponding to the selected notes can be controlled in accordance with the read-out control data. In this way, characteristics of the selected style of rendition can be imparted to any particular note or notes included in the music performance data. The control data are stored in the memory in association with partial sounding segments such as an attack, body and release.

Abstract: A silent automatic player piano calibrates the black/white keys so as to exactly relate a key position signal to the current key positions on the trajectory of the key by itself before a recording so that the key motions are exactly recognized in a recording operation by the silent automatic player piano.

Abstract: The fuzzy filtering of a noise signal comprising a plurality of signal samples [s(t,k)] is carried out using as variables the variation of the signal in the considered window and the distance of the samples from a sample to be reconstructed, to distinguish the typical variations of the original signal from those due to the noise and to identify the signal fronts. The method comprises the steps of defining a current signal sample [s(t)] from among the plurality of signal samples, calculating a plurality of difference samples [D(t,k)] as the difference in absolute value between the current signal sample and each signal sample and defining distance values (k) between the current signal sample and each signal sample.

Abstract: A self-contained audio effects processor has a handheld joystick from which both position-dependent and state-dependent effects are effectuated by means of motion of the joystick as well as by actuation of one or more buttons on the joystick. The position-dependent effects control the degree to which an effect is produced, e.g., the amount of intentional distortion applied to a signal, the amount of pitch-shift, etc.; these effects are produced primarily by selective directional motion of the joystick by the user. The state-dependent effects define the particular effect to be imparted to a signal being processed or produced in the processor, e.g., distortion, pitch-shift, etc.; these effects are selected largely by one more or buttons on the joystick which are preferably accessible from the same hand that grips the stick, thus providing a natural and convenient “feel” that many users have already become accustomed to from electronic game-playing.

Abstract: A plurality of different fluctuation data are added to a plurality of sound signals, and the plurality of sound signals are synthesized to form a tone. Thus, different fluctuations are added to the sound signals or to part sounds of the sound signals, enabling the fluctuation to be controlled for each of the components of the tone.

Abstract: A music apparatus is constructed for receiving an input signal composed of either of a voice signal and a tone signal and for processing the input signal based on a timbre change command signal to generate at least one channel of an output signal. In the music apparatus, a reference pitch designation section designates a reference pitch. An output signal generation section receives the input signal, the timbre change command signal and the reference pitch designated by the reference pitch designation section for changing a timbre of the input signal in accordance with the timbre change command signal, and for changing a pitch of the input signal above or below the reference pitch in accordance with the timbre change command signal, thereby generating the output signal having the changed timbre and the changed pitch.

Abstract: Keyboard musical performances are converted to MIDI signals which are coupled to a plurality of remote venues where the music is recreated in a plurality of live real time performances.

Abstract: A waveform producing method includes a step of producing a waveform presenting style-of-rendition characteristics corresponding to style-of-rendition identification information, on the basis of individual vector data arranged on the time axis. Each style-of-rendition identification information is representative of style-of-rendition characteristics of a performance tone and indicates one of a plurality of styles of rendition to which the style-of-rendition characteristics correspond. A plurality of vector data are generated, in accordance with the received style-of-rendition identification information, for production of a waveform presenting the style-of-rendition characteristics. The vector data correspond to a plurality of different fundamental waveform factors for constituting a waveform. By arranging the individual vector data on the time axis, a waveform shape or envelope corresponding to the waveform factors can be built along a reproducing time axis of the performance tone.

Abstract: A performance data editing system is actualized by a computer system (or electronic musical instrument) which is equipped with a display and a mouse. The system initially provides a score window containing various types of execution icon layers onto which execution icons are attached and arranged in conformity with a progression of a musical tune on a screen of the display. The system provides an icon modify window that allows the user to modify parameters of a specific icon which is selected from among the execution icons attached onto the score window by double clicks of the mouse. Herein, the score window shows a part of a musical score (or a staff notation with notes), while the icon modify window shows an edited portion of the musical score by magnification, wherein a range of execution-related data being edited on the icon modify window is automatically indicated on the musical score of the score window.

Abstract: An acoustic signal producing apparatus wherein various musical effects are applied to a musical tone signal and an acoustic signal respectively produced at an internal tone generator and supplied from an external device such as a microphone, an electronic musical instrument or the like in such a manner that an applying state of the musical effects can be changed in accordance with various effect control parameters applied thereto.

Abstract: A mount by which a component is non-destructively mounted on a musical instrument includes a receptacle and one or more abutment members, such as resilient clips, which do not screw into the instrument but engage the instrument to hold the mount on the instrument. A component is secured to the mount to install the component on the instrument. One such component provides digital control of an analog tone adjustment circuit. The digital control can include selectable preset conditions. Another such component provides on-board effects processing, such as a chorus effect. An output electrical coupling is provided with a switch used to energize the circuit of the component with which it is used.

Abstract: The invention presents a rendition control apparatus that not only reduces processing so that processing is neither complicated nor complex, but also reduces the used storage region. The rendition control apparatus allows for differences in the timing over the passage of time when reproducing and rendering a continuous sound waveform, and renders sound waveforms naturally and with good rhythm, while making it possible to change the reproduction tempo freely.

Abstract: A digital signal processing device (e.g., DSP), employed by electronic musical instruments and the like, is designed to perform a variety of digital signal processings. The digital signal processing device contains an arithmetic unit which is configured by at least an adder and a multiplier. There are provided first and second microprograms, each of which consists of microinstructions and each of which is designed to perform a specific kind of digital signal processing. The first and second microprograms are alternatively selected in accordance with a preset sequence of processing; and consequently, data supplied to the arithmetic unit are changed in response to the microprogram selected. Thus, the arithmetic unit performs arithmetical operations, using the data selectively supplied thereto, in accordance with the microprogram selected. By changing the sequence of processing, it is possible to easily change a manner of digital computing performed by the digital signal processing device.

Abstract: When a low-pass filter 204 cuts a loud tone component from a waveform signal that soft and loud tone components are synthesized, and outputs a soft tone component signal, and a high-pass filter 205 cuts a soft tone component from the waveform signal that soft and loud tone components are synthesized, and outputs a loud tone component signal, the outputs at this time are switched on the basis of tone information (touch information, pitch information, tone color information, and the like).

Abstract: A music apparatus is constructed for generating a music tone at a specified pitch while freely contracting and expanding the music tone along a time axis. In the music apparatus, a waveform memory memorizes a music tone in the form of waveform data composed of a sequence of waveform units arranged in cycles along the time axis. Each waveform unit has a normalized cycle length. A read address generator generates a read address which successively increments at a rate corresponding to the specified pitch, thereby reading out the waveform data from the waveform memory according to the read address. A tone generator processes the read waveform data to generate the music tone at the specified pitch. A virtual address generator generates a virtual address effective to freely contract and expand the time axis of the waveform data.

Abstract: A music apparatus is constructed for introducing a music sound into an acoustic space, and is equipped with an acoustic feedback system for introducing a reflection sound into the acoustic space. In the music apparatus, an input device sequentially provides performance information. A sound source generates a music signal representative of the music sound in response to the performance information provided from the input device. A plurality of channels of the acoustic feedback system are provided in the music apparatus, and are spatially separate from each other.

Abstract: A succession of performance sounds is sampled, and the sampled performance sounds are divided into a plurality of time sections of variable lengths in accordance with respective characteristics of performance expression therein, to extract waveform data of each of the time sections as an articulation element. The waveform data of each of the extracted articulation elements are analyzed in terms of a plurality of predetermined tonal factors to thereby create template data of the individual tonal factors, and the thus-created template data are stored in a data base. Tone performance to be executed is designated by a time-serial sequence of a plurality of articulation elements, in response to which the respective waveform data of the individual articulation elements are read out from the data base to thereby synthesize a tone on the basis of the waveform data. Thus, it is possible to freely execute editing, such as replacement, modification or deletion, of the element corresponding to any desired time section.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is constructed by various devices for collectively executing a task. The electronic apparatus uses at least one electronic circuit device containing a plurality of circuit elements which are reconfigurable into a desired connection mode so as to perform an allotted function during the course of executing the task. Further, in the electronic apparatus, a communication device operates when the allotted function of the electronic circuit device is to be altered. The communication device downloads, from a communication network, circuit design information effective to determine the connection mode of the circuit elements contained in the electronic circuit device. A control device reconfigures the connection mode of the circuit elements in accordance with the downloaded circuit design information to thereby alter the allotted function of the electronic circuit device.

Abstract: A microphone signal is branched into a microphone sound effect generation signal path and a direct sound signal path via a microphone volume controller. The microphone signal branched to the microphone sound effect generation signal path is level-adjusted by a microphone sound effect volume controller, and then supplied to a microphone sound effect generating circuit, so that a microphone sound effect signal is generated. The microphone sound effect signal and a music signal supplied from a music signal input terminal are additively combined together by combining circuits and are output from a music signal output terminal. The microphone sound branched to the direct sound signal path is output from a microphone signal output terminal, independently of the microphone sound effect signal, improving the separation between the microphone sound signal and a microphone sound effect signal.

Abstract: A karaoke apparatus accompanies a vocal performance with a karaoke accompaniment reproduced according to karaoke data. In the karaoke apparatus, an input device separately converts a plurality of singing voices vocalized by different singers into respective ones of initial voice signals. At least one pitch sifter is utilized to shift a pitch of the initial voice signal to create a modified voice signal representative of a harmony voice made consonant to the singing voice. A distributor operates according to control information contained in the karaoke data to selectively distribute at least one of the initial voice signals to the pitch sifter so as to create the modified voice signal corresponding to the distributed initial voice signal. An output device selectively mixes the initial voice signals and the modified voice signal to reproduce the vocal performance composed of selected ones of the singing voices and the harmony voice in synchronization with the karaoke accompaniment.

Abstract: An electronic keyboard musical instrument stores first key touch data codes representative of a first reaction component and grouped into first data groups by a key velocity, second key touch data codes representative of a second reaction component and grouped into second data groups by a key position and third key touch data codes representative of a third reaction component and grouped into third data groups by the key position, and produces a digital key position signal representative of current key position, a digital key velocity signal representative of current key velocity and a digital key acceleration signal representative of current key acceleration so that a solenoid-operated actuator generates a resistance against the key motion on the basis of the first key touch data code selected by using the digital key position signal and the digital key velocity signal, the second key touch data code selected by using the digital key velocity signal and the digital key position signal and the third key touch

Abstract: An automatic player piano has a released key velocity estimator for modifying the constant released key velocity of a piece of music data information to a target released key velocity; a memory stores relation between the target key velocity estimator and other key-touch factors such as a final hammer velocity and a time interval between an impact timing and a key release timing, the released key velocity estimator supplies the key-touch factors to the memory so as to read out the target key velocity estimator, and modifies the piece of music data information so as to indicate the target released key velocity.

Abstract: There are provided a tone source for generating tone signals in plural channels independently and effect impartment sections, provided in corresponding relations to the channels, for imparting individual effects to the tone signals of the channels generated by the tone source. Each of the effect impartment sections, in accordance with tone control information unique to the tone signal of the corresponding channel, controls a parameter of the effect to be imparted. In a case where any of the effect impartment sections uses a signal delaying memory to impart an effect, when a damping (or truncating process) is performed in any of the channels, the storage area to be used for the channel is switched to another unused storage area so as to prevent any preceding tone's is delayed signal from being undesirably mixed into the signal of a new tone.

Abstract: An initial note series is collected from a real-time source of musical input material such as a keyboard or a sequencer playing back musical data, or extracted from musical data stored in memory. The initial note series may be altered to create variations of the initial note series using various mathematical operations. The resulting altered note series, or other data stored in memory is read out according to one or more patterns. The patterns may have steps containing pools of independently selectable items from which random selections are made. A pseudo-random number generator is employed to perform the random selections during processing, where the random sequences thereby generated have the ability to be repeated at specific musical intervals. The resulting musical effect may additionally incorporate a repeated effect, or a repeated effect can be independently performed from input notes in the musical input material.

Abstract: A mount by which a component is non-destructively mounted on a musical instrument includes a receptacle and one or more abutment members, such as resilient clips, which do not screw into the instrument but engage the instrument to hold the mount on the instrument. A component is secured to the mount to install the component on the instrument. One such component provides digital control of an analog tone adjustment circuit. The digital control can include selectable preset conditions. Another such component provides on-board effects processing, such as a chorus effect. An output electrical coupling is provided with a switch used to energize the circuit of the component with which it is used.

Abstract: In executing a music performance on the basis of supplied performance data, a feeling of swing can be imparted to the performance by delaying tone-generation start time of a tone, based on the performance data, at each predetermined beat such as upbeat. In this case, if an original tone-generation end time of the tone to be delayed is ahead of tone-generation start time of a next tone, control is executed to automatically change a duration of the tone in such a manner that actual tone-generation end time of the delayed note comes ahead of the tone-generation start time of the next tone. In this manner, the delay control can be properly executed on staccato performance data without losing characteristics of staccato.

Abstract: A MIDI-compatible gesture synthesizer is provided for use with a conventional music synthesizer to create musically realistically sounding gestures. The gesture synthesizer is responsive to one or more user controllable input signals, and includes several transfer function models that may be user-selected. One transfer function models properties of muscles using Hill's force-velocity equation to describe the non-linearity of muscle activation. A second transfer function models the cyclic oscillation produced by opposing effects of two force sources representing the cyclic oppositional action of muscle systems. A third transfer function emulates the response of muscles to internal electrical impulses. A fourth transfer function provides a model representing and altering virtual trajectory of gestures. A fifth transfer function models visco-elastic properties of muscle response to simulated loads. The gesture synthesizer outputs MIDI-compatible continuous pitch data, tone volume and tone timbre information.

Abstract: A MIDI-compatible gesture synthesizer is provided for use with a conventional music synthesizer to create musically realistically sounding gestures. The gesture synthesizer is responsive to one or more user controllable input signals, and includes several transfer function models that may be user-selected. One transfer function models properties of muscles using Hill's force-velocity equation to describe the non-linearity of muscle activation. A second transfer function models the cyclic oscillation produced by opposing effects of two force sources representing the cyclic oppositional action of muscle systems. A third transfer function emulates the response of muscles to internal electrical impulses. A fourth transfer function provides a model representing and altering virtual trajectory of gestures. A fifth transfer function models visco-elastic properties of muscle response to simulated loads.