Abstract: A device for gripping, holding, and releasing objects of varying sizes and shapes, which comprises an elongated torus (30) enclosing a fluid material (31), an external control rod (40), and an internal control rod (38). Torus (30) may be made of a flexible membrane and able to seal in fluid material (31). Fluid material (31) can be a gas, liquid, solid particles, semisolid particles, or mixtures of these. Central channel (34) of torus (30) is collapsed due to pressure of fluid material (31) within torus (30). Both control rods are securely attached to torus (30), with rod (38) attached to the interior portion of the torus along collapsed central channel (34), and rod (40) attached to the exterior portion of the torus on outer surface (32). Gripping action is achieved by differential linear motion of control rods (38) and (40) along the longitudinal (elongated) axis of torus (30). This causes front portion (36) of the torus to slide radially inward or outward to grip objects.

Abstract: The wafer clamping mechanism comprises a linkage mechanism and a wafer contact point coupled to the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a four-bar linkage having: a first link having a first fixed pivot and a first floating pivot remote from the first fixed pivot; a second link having a second fixed pivot and a second floating pivot remote from the second fixed pivot; and a third link having a first coupling pivot rotatably coupled to the first floating pivot, and having a second coupling pivot rotatably coupled to the second floating pivot. In use motion of the linkage mechanism causes the wafer contact point to clamp a wafer.

Abstract: A robot control system is provided for facilitating coordination amongst various robotic machines. The robot control system includes a plurality of robot controllers, such that each robot controller having an associated motion system adapted to control at least one robotic machine and the associated motion system is adapted to receive motion control commands from more than one robot control program. The robot control system further includes a remote instruction source that supplies motion control commands to the robot controllers, and a mutual exclusion mechanism residing on either the remote program instruction source or one of the robot controllers, where the mutual exclusion mechanism prevents simultaneous access by more than one robot control program to a given robotic machine. In operation, motion control commands are propagated from the remote program instruction source over a computer network to a selected group of the robot controllers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robotic gripper mechanism. The invention comprises gripping jaws and a wedge that moves along angled groove between the gripping jaws. The angled grooves are connected to the gripping jaws, and the wedge moves the gripping jaws together and apart as it slides backward and forward along the angled grooves. The wedge also keeps the gripper jaws parallel to each other as they open and close. A motor moves the wedge backward and forward, and guiding surfaces attached to the base prevent the jaws from moving horizontally relative to the base.

Abstract: The present invention provides grasping mechanisms, gripper apparatus/systems, and related methods. Grasping mechanisms that include stops, support surfaces, and height adjusting surfaces to determine three translational axis positions of a grasped object are provided. In addition, grasping mechanisms that are resiliently coupled to other gripper apparatus components are also provided.

Abstract: An I/O minienvirornent including a port door within an I/O port, and a system for removing the port door and pod door coupled thereto, and setting down the pod and port doors at a convenient location within the I/O minienvironment. After wafer processing has been completed and the wafers have been transferred back through the I/O port to the SMEF pod, the system may retrieve the port and pod doors, and return the port door to their sealing positions within the I/O port and cassette, respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the system for gripping and transporting the port and pod doors may be located on the back end of the end effector of the wafer handling robot within the I/O minienvironment. The back end of the end effector is the end of the end effector opposite that used to transport the wafers and/or cassette.

Abstract: A power switching mechanism for selectively connecting a robotic system having two-degrees-of-freedom power input to a robot tool having a plurality of actuators. The two-degrees-of-freedom power input comprises a translation power input and a power shaft rotation input. The switching mechanism comprises an axially displaceable connector mounted to the power shaft rotation input for rotating therewith. An indexing mechanism is connected to the power shaft rotation input and is axially movable sequentially between a neutral position and an actuator engaging position for each actuator. The axially displaceable connector engages any one of the actuators in response to movement of the axial translation of the two-degrees-of-freedom power input.

Abstract: A robotic tool picks and places a clinging part in an assembly. Two gripper jaws each have gripper fingers spaced apart from each other by a central spacing. The gripper jaws are movable between a grip position and a release position. The robotic tool also has an ejector. The ejector has a part pusher that is cling resistant and movable in the central spacings between a retracted position, and an eject position in which the cling resistant part pusher ejects the clinging part.

Abstract: A device for manually maneuvering a handling unit, includes a mounting structure for attachment to a handling unit which is operated through actuation of a control mechanism connected to the mounting structure. A handle frame is connectable to the mounting structure and includes a cross member and a pair of elongate grip elements detachably coupled to the axial ends of the cross member which is releasably attached to the mounting structure. The cross member and the grip elements can be selected from a plurality of cross members and grip elements of varying lengths to thereby establish a construction kit that allows construction of handle frames of varying configuration.

Abstract: A gripper apparatus for grasping an object such as a specimen holder. The gripper apparatus comprises two arms. In one embodiment the arms are pivotable, and in a second embodiment, each arm includes a pivotable member. The arms are moveably coupled to each other and are structured to grasp the object therebetween.

Abstract: A robot operation teaching method and apparatus includes a three-dimensional measuring system that can measure spatial coordinates corresponding to points designated on camera images, a display able to show a space image from a camera or cameras overlaid by an image of a geometric model corresponding to the space image. A pointing device having at least two degrees of freedom is used to define work trajectories by preparing, in a model space, simple geometric elements corresponding to the actual space image. By using parametric modelling to supply definitions of geometric elements in advance, the geometric elements can be adapted for other tasks by modifying some of the geometric element assignments and parameters associated with the definitions.

Abstract: A robotic containerization and palletizing system having a multiple-fingered end effector. The system includes a frame that defines one or more cells. Each cell has one gantry-type robot, which is mounted in a set of tracks on top of the frame. The robot is movable along two axes and has an arm to which the end effector is mounted. The end effector is designed to grasp trays, tubs, and similar items from a conveyor system running through the cell and load them in a cart or on a pallet. The items are gripped by two sets of fingers. One set of fingers may be mounted to a first plate and another set of fingers may be mounted to a carriage that moves in a horizontal direction, either toward or away from the first set of fingers. Each finger has a main shaft and a bent tip. The shafts are rotatable such that the tips can be moved underneath or out from under a load, depending upon whether a pick-up or drop-off operation is being performed.

Abstract: A media rework tool for discs and/or a spindle motor carrying a disc pack is disclosed that has a slider plate mounted on a base for lateral movement between a retracted position and an extended position. The slider plate holds a spindle motor with a disc pack mounted on it, and moves between the two positions. The tool includes a gripper assembly having a plurality of opposing arms for grasping predetermined discs within a disc pack on the spindle motor when the slider plate is in the retracted position. The gripper assembly raises the predetermined discs and any intermediate spacer rings upward for temporary storage on a media guide to allow the remainder of the disc pack to be reworked, such as for replacement of a defective disc or spindle motor when the slider plate is laterally moved to the extended position. Following reworking of the remainder of the disc pack, the spindle motor is returned to its centered position relative to the media guide and the gripper assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods used for handling semiconductor wafers or similar articles. In particular, the apparatus disclosed is capable of flexibly gripping items of various shapes and sizes in a manner that substantially reduces or eliminates the likelihood of damage thereto. The apparatus is particularly suited to being used as a robotic end effector for handling wafers using edge-gripping techniques.

Abstract: A robot-related information held at a robot user ad data held at a robot manufacturer as well as to enhance the user's sense of attachment to the robot. Each of personal terminal devices (31A to 31D) has both a function to send information on a robot 1 to a telecommunication line (39) and a function to receive answer information sent from a server (38) to the robot user via the telecommunication line, and the server (38) generates answer information on the basis of robot-related information sent from the personal terminal devices (31A to 31D) via the telecommunication line and reference information previously stored in an information storage device and corresponding to the robot-related information and sends the answer information to the personal terminal devices (31A to 31D) via the telecommunication line. The answer information is a diagnostic report on the robot.

Abstract: A chuck body has a first surface for fixing to a support body and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the second surface of the chuck body is provided with a pair of chuck members for chucking a workpiece and a guide rail for guiding an open and close operation of these chuck members. Further, a plurality of stationary holes for fixing the chuck body to the support body is formed at a position overlapping with the chuck members of the guide rail so as to communicate with the first surface, and each of the chuck members is provided with a work hole for inserting a screw into these stationary holes.

Abstract: This invention provides an actuation system for a highly underactuated gripping mechanism with ten degrees of freedom, which requires only two actuators, one for actuating the opening and closing of three fingers and the other for the orientation of two rotatable fingers with synchronization. Underactuation between the fingers is provided by a one-input/three-output differential which is associated with an orientation mechanism so that an orientation-fixed finger is deactivated when the two orientatable fingers are rotated to face each other for a pinch grasp. Each finger is enabled to be self-locked in its closing and opening action when the power is off. This feature is important, especially for the fingers actuated by a differential mechanism for the underactuation between the fingers. In one embodiment of the invention, planetary gearing system is used for the differential.

Abstract: An end-effector with integrated cooling features comprises heat transferring mechanisms that transfer heat energy away from the end-effector. The end-effector advantageously minimizes the cooling overhead of a processed substrate as it is transported from a process module to a low-cost storage cassette. The reduced cooling overhead of the processed substrate, as a consequence, improves substrate throughput. In the preferred embodiments, the heat transferring mechanisms include a high surface area heat sink connecting the substrate-supporting paddle with a robot arm. Cooling fins can enhance surface area and thus enhance heat dissipation from the heat sink. Cooling channels can extend through paddle and heat sink, either containing circulating fluid for carrying heat beyond the end-effector or a phase changing material in an enclosed heat pipe.

Abstract: A computerized method/system is provided for planning motion of a robot within a free space confined by obstacles, from an initial position to a goal position. In executing the method/system, a plan is generated so that the robot can hold and maneuver a workpiece throughout a sequence of bending operations to be performed by a bending apparatus. A plurality of proposed movements to be made by the robot are proposed for an mth movement within a sequence of movements, and at least a portion of the robot and the obstacles that confine the free space are modeled. A determination is made as to whether a collision will occur between the robot and an obstacle for each proposed movement, and a plan is generated including the sequence of movements by choosing for each movement in the sequence of movements, a proposed movement that will not result in a collision and that will bring the robot closer to the goal position.

Abstract: The wafer handling and support system disclosed herein does not use tape and is adapted for use in conjunction with a number of work stations. The wafer handling and support system includes a chuck plate comprised of a non-porous section surrounding a porous section and a robotic arm for transporting a chuck plate/wafer combination under vacuum. The chuck plate is sized to be carried by a wafer chuck and the porous section of the chuck plate is configured to support a wafer. The wafer may be held in place on the chuck plate by the application of a vacuum.

Abstract: A workstation has a transfer device with a gripper which is suitable for gripping sample tubes by a gripper clamp and for moving them from a sample tube rack to a sample tube bucket, for example for centrifuging. The transfer device has a receiving device (23) which can be gripped on a cylindrical upper handling part (25) by the gripper and removed from a holder (24) in which it has been placed in a defined position. It has an intermediate part (33) with, on its lower end, four hooks (37) which are arranged at the apices of a rectangle and can engage eyes in the sample tube buckets. After use, the receiving device (23) is replaced in the holder (24).

Abstract: A gripping device for positioning a component (47) on a substrate, comprising three fingers (1, 2, 3) arranged in a triangle (7), and a drive device for moving the fingers along parallel paths (4, 5, 6) relative to each other to grip or release a component. A middle finger (2) is movable in opposite directions with respect to the outer fingers (1, 3).

Abstract: A robot controller having a function of monitoring abnormality of a robot operation to prevent an accident by stopping supply of energy or operational substance to an operational tool when the operational tool is abnormally stopped. Motion command pulses for a robot motion are obtained by computing operations when a motion statement of the operation program is read out and stored in a shared memory. Motors for driving respective robot axes are driven based on the motion command pulses. When an I/O output command is issued on a signal line to actuate an arc welder, the operation control software demands to set a predetermined waiting time period to a timer. The managing software demands to start a countdown of the timer and informs the operation control software of an elapse of the set waiting time period.

Abstract: A basket storage and retrieval apparatus and method has spaced parallel rows of storage racks with multiple horizontal tiers having aisles between the storage racks. Guides are connected to the aisle and a stacker retriever is connected to the guides. The stacker retriever has at least one vertical member. A carriage is mounted on the vertical member for moving up and down the vertical member and for aligning with storage rack tiers on opposite sides of the aisle. Carriers are mounted on the carriage for moving into horizontal tiers and for lowering baskets within the tiers for resting on the tiers and raising baskets from the tiers for moving the raised baskets toward the carriage. A robotic input lane extends through the storage racks. A robotic output lane extends through the storage racks. An input transfer conveyor is connected to the robotic input lane and an output transfer conveyor is connected to the robotic output lane.

Abstract: A cartridge transferring robot for use in a library apparatus includes a pair of upper and lower hand members made to vertically come into contact with a cartridge to grip the cartridge, a pair of left and right direct-acting beatings for fitting the hand members to a hand base so that they are vertically slidable, and an opening and closing mechanism for making the hand members take opening and closing actions. The hand members are independently guided by the direct-acting bearings, and the fitting portions of the hand members to the direct-acting bearings are made not to interfere with each other in a state where the hand members are in a closed condition. This invention is applicable to a library apparatus storing a large number of cartridges such as magnetic tape cartridges and optical disk cartridges.

Abstract: A process for guiding an instrument in space, in which the instrument is arranged at the free end of an articulated arm whose arm sections are caused to pivot and/or travel with respect to each other by drive units. The instrument is caused to travel in a limited movement region under the control of a control device. For predetermination of the movement region for points that are situated in the movement region, a respective pivot angle and/or travel position between the respective arm sections is set. The respective position and attitude of the instrument is sensed by at least a first measuring device. For hand-controlled guiding of the instrument, an actuating force exerted on the instrument and/or the articulated arm is sensed by a second measuring device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for loading products into a pneumatic tube carrier. The apparatus having a support with a linear truster mounted thereto. A rotary actuator is mounted at the lower end of the linear thruster for rotating action. A connecting arm is mounted on the lower end of the rotary actuator having a dual rod cylinder mounted thereon. A gripper is mounted at the end of the dual rod cylinder for gripping products. A logic controller is used for controlling and monitoring the loading of the products into the carrier.

Abstract: An automated system for performing an operation on a component within a manufacturing workstation is disclosed. The system includes a robot controller having seven axes of motion control. A robotic manipulator is connected to the robot controller and has six axes of motion. The robotic manipulator includes tooling for grasping the component upon which the operation is performed. A fixed location tool is provided for performing the operation, and a servo mechanism is provided for operating the fixed location tool. The servo mechanism is controlled by one of the seven axes of motion control of the robot controller, whereby the robotic manipulator moves the component with respect to the fixed location tool for performing the operation.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a robot that can transfer two workpieces, such as silicon wafers, simultaneously and at increased speeds and accelerations and decelerations. More particularly, the present invention provides a robot wrist associated with the robot arm for mechanically clamping a workpiece to a workpiece handling member attached to the arm. The wafer clamp selectively applies sufficient force to hold the workpiece and prevent slippage and damage to the workpiece during rapid rotation and linear movement of the handling member. In one embodiment, a clamp for securing silicon wafers uses two clamp fingers connected to a single flexure member to position and hold the wafer with minimal particle generation and wafer damage. The clamp is designed so that wafers are normally clamped except near fall extension of the workpiece handling member to deliver or pick up a wafer.

Abstract: A device for mechanically picking and palletizing rectangular objects of various sizes for attachment to a robotic arm. The device includes a pair of rails having a plurality of longitudinally spaced, elongated L-shaped grips extending there through. The distance between the respective rails can be adjusted to accommodate various width containers. The L-shaped grips are capable of pivotal rotation such that their grip ends rotate under the object for picking and palletizing. A pair of pallet hooks having suction cups attached thereto is also provided on the device.

Abstract: An apparatus is automatically conveying cartridges reliably and correctly without causing errors, making it possible to enhance the operation efficiency and performance of the apparatus. The apparatus is automatically conveying cartridges disposed adjacent to a recording/reproducing apparatus, and is comprised of a cell mechanism having racks, an accessor mechanism having an accessor, and a conveyance control unit for controlling the conveyance of the cartridges by controlling the accessor mechanism, wherein the accessor is provided with catcher hands, a catcher hand drive mechanism, an open detector mechanism for detecting the open state of said catcher hands, and a closed detector mechanism for detecting the closed state of said catcher hand.

Abstract: A gripper assembly with an integrated heat shield. The integrated heat shield is in the form of a shell having one or more openings through which a gas may flow into and out of in order to create a cooling current flow. Two axially aligned and opposed cylinders, each having a main portion, are individually mounted to the shell and the shell substantially surrounds the main portion of each cylinder. Each cylinder has a piston and each piston has a piston rod. Each piston rod is coupled to a jaw and each jaw is supported by one or more guide rods slidably received in one or more sleeves mounted to the shell. The jaws are positioned substantially parallel to one another and operable to grasp and release objects of interest. Motion of the jaws is synchronized by a synchronization mechanism.

Abstract: A voluntary close mechanical grasping device suitable for use in robotics or as a prehensor for body-power prosthetic equipment provides an energy efficient two stage process for sizing and gripping an object and a holding assist capability for assisting a wearer in maintaining his or her grip on the object. During the first stage, the device sizes an object but does not apply a force against the object sufficient to grasp the object securely. During the second stage, the device exerts a force against the object sufficient to grasp the object securely. After the object has been grasped, the device provides a mechanical holding assist capability to help hold the object securely while the input energy supplied by the wearer is reduced.

Abstract: In an apparatus for operating a robotic device (1), preferably in minimally-invasive surgery and/or robotics, at least one movable robotic part (11; 12) of the robotic device (1) is connected to a first holding part (60) by way of a first, flexible connecting part (51.sub.1) of a hinge joint (5.sub.1) Moreover, the movable robotic part (11; 12) is connected to a second holding part (61) by way of a second, flexible connecting part (52.sub.1) of the hinge joint (5.sub.1). This connection is produced in such a way that, when the first holding part (60) moves relative to the second holding part (61) or vice versa, the robotic device (1) pivots the first holding part out of its initial position, and when the part (60 or 61) that has been moved relative to the other part has been brought back, the device restores the part to its initial position.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a robot that can transfer a workpiece, such as a silicon wafer, at increased speeds and accelerations/decelerations. More particularly, the present invention provides a robot wrist for mechanically clamping a workpiece to a workpiece handling member of an extendable robot arm. The wafer clamp selectively applies sufficient force to center the workpiece and prevent slippage and damage to the workpiece during rapid rotation and radial movement of the handling member. In one embodiment, a clamp for securing silicon wafers uses two independent clamp fingers to position and hold the wafer with minimal particle generation and wafer damage. The clamp is designed so that wafers are normally clamped except during full extension of the wafer handling member to deliver or pickup a wafer.

Abstract: A workpiece gripper has a housing part on which is arranged a gripper element actuated by external force for gripping workpieces. Also provided is a joining part, for attaching the workpiece gripper to a tool holder, that can be transferred by means of a tool changing device between a magazine position on a machine tool and a working position on a receptacle in a spindle. Provided on the housing part is a connecting element that, when a tool holder is present in the receptacle, is in engagement with a joining element, to deliver energy for actuation of the gripper element, in such a way that the housing part is held nonrotatably with respect to the spindle head. An adapter is provided which is rotatably mounted on the housing part and to which the gripper element can be attached.

Abstract: A robot position teaching system and method including a robot controller to control a robot, a visual sensor to measure a three-dimensional position, an image processing device to measure a position by processing and analyzing an image recognized by the visual sensor, and a position teaching unit provided with a grasping portion having a size which can be grasped by a hand of an operator, and an index which can visually be recognized by the visual sensor, and is disposed at a distal end of a rod-type body extending from the grasping portion. The operator turns on a moving switch of the position teaching unit such that the robot controller moves the robot toward a position of the index recognized by a camera. When an approach teaching switch of the position teaching unit is turned on after movement of the robot is stopped, data of a current position of the index recognized by the camera is stored as teaching position data.

Abstract: A robotic system that moves a surgical instrument in response to the actuation of a control panel that can be operated by a surgeon. The robotic system has an end effector that is adapted to hold a surgical instrument such as an endoscope. The end effector is coupled to a robotic arm assembly which can move the endoscope relative to a patient. The system includes a computer which controls the movement of a robotic arm in response to input signals received from the control panel. The robotic system is mounted to a cart which can be wheeled to and from an operating table. The cart has a clamping mechanism which attaches the cart to the table. The system also contains a spring loaded mount plate that allows the robotic arm to be rotated and adjusted relative to the cart and the patient. Both the robotic arm and the control panel are encapsulated by protective bags that prevent the system from being contaminated.

Abstract: A method is provided for assembling objects using programmable robots. The robots are each operable with three or more degrees of freedom and the method includes grasping a first object with at least one of the robots, grasping a second object with at least one other robot, robotically placing the first object in a correct location with respect to the second object, and assembling the first and second objects. The objects can also be positioned in fixtures and the correct location of one object with respect to the other can be determined with respect to the fixture. The positions of both of the robots can be determined and suitable control commands provided to these robots to affect the assembling of the objects.

Abstract: An automated storage library includes a robotic picker which moves linearly between linear and/or carousel storage shelves to transport data storage cassettes between the shelves and a data transfer device. The picker arm can swing in a vertical arc to access the tape stores on either side of its linear path. The arm also has at least one rotatable wrist and a pair of end effectors. A data storage cassette may be extracted from a data transfer device, the wrist rotated 180.degree., and a new cassette inserted. This reduces the number of times the robot has to visit the tape stores. The vertical arc movement of the picker arm provides for accurate orientation of the effectors with respect to the shelves and the data transfer devices.

Abstract: A robot apparatus includes a robot arm, a robot hand, an electrical/electronic device mounted on the robot hand for operating the robot hand, and a hand attaching/detaching device, arranged between the robot arm and the robot hand, for detachably mounting the robot hand on the robot arm. A signal transmission path, is connected to an external robot controller at one end thereof and to the electrical/electronic device at the other end thereof, extends through the hand attaching/detaching device, and is able to be disconnected between the robot hand side and the robot arm side in the hand attaching/detaching device.

Abstract: A robot hand apparatus includes a hand base mounted on a shaft extending from the leading end of a robot main body, a rotary base rotatably held by the hand base, an electric contact provided on a contact surface of the hand base, an electric contact ring provided on a rotary contact surface of the rotary base, a plurality of chucks provided on the rotary base, a first signal converting device positioned on the robot main body side, and a second signal converting device positioned on the rotary base side. The first signal converting device converts parallel signals outputted from a robot control section into a serial signal so as to transmit the serial signal to the second signal converting device via contact between the electric contact and the electric contact ring, and converts a serial signal outputted from the second signal converting device into parallel signals so as to transmit the parallel signals to the robot control section.

Abstract: A method and apparatus 10 are disclosed for allowing exercise of an appendage of patient 22 by means of a series of objects 42. More specifically, patient 22 is directed to receive or grasp a series of objects 42 in a manner which will exercise the impaired appendage and which will provide statistical data to a trained occupational therapist and which will enable the therapist to gauge the current dysfunction of the affected appendage as well as to track improvement over a series of exercises.

Abstract: The present invention, by manually operating a robot and memorizing a position of the extremity of the robot, teaches a reference point representing a representative position and orientation on a moving path and a relative position of an operating position of a robot extremity in operation from the above-mentioned reference point, and designate a path of a moving position of the robot extremity in operation by an array of the reference points, and teachings of the moving path and a gripping position can be separated each other, and an accurate and easy teaching is enabled.

Abstract: An end effector for use with robotic arms and like devices that utilizes a flexible band to draw an object against an anvil having a concave surface. One typical convex surface is created by a V-block, with an apex of the V being centrally located. If an object to be grasped is fragile, the contour of the concave surface closely matches the surface of the object. Typically the movement of the band is effected by a linear actuator, with the anvil remaining fixed relative to a support base. Several embodiments are described that utilize variations in drawing the band toward the anvil, with one of these embodiments described in detail in the form of a fabricated unit. One embodiment includes a cover element that can be moved over an object after the grasping thereof, with this cover potentially serving various functions. Movement of the cover can be effected with a second linear actuator.

Abstract: An actuator unit in which an actuator section including a chuck pawl for adjusting a dial knob of a product on a line conveyer is moved in an X-Y plane by an X-Y axis servo mechanism, and the torque of the chuck pawl is adjusted by a torque adjusting mechanism while the operation of the torque actuator section is controlled by a control device which receives input data concerning the product that has been introduced onto the line conveyer. The actuator section is set to a position suitable for adjusting the product on the line conveyer, and further, the torque of the chuck pawl is adjusted to a suitable value for turning the dial knob of the product.

Abstract: The continuous operation robotic hand mechanism of the present invention is used in a robotic object handling system and makes use of a crank mechanism attached to the gripper mechanism carriage in order to enable the drive motor to continuously operate throughout the entire carriage movement and object retrieval operations. This apparatus is configured to minimize the acceleration and deceleration required to operate the carriage mechanism as well as provide a pause of predetermined duration once the carriage has reached its furthest extent of travel in order to provide sufficient time for the finger gripper mechanism to be activated to grasp the object stored in a selected object storage location. This entire operation takes place without interrupting the operation of the drive motor to thereby minimize the power consumption, increase the speed of operation of the hand mechanism, and reduce the wear on the motor and associated components.

Abstract: An apparatus for taking residual solid matter out of an extrusion head of an extruder includes a grasping device for grasping residual solid matter in the extrusion head, and a moving device for moving the grasping device between a grasping position in the extrusion head and an exhausting position on one side of the extrusion head. In order to remove the residual solid matter from the grasping device even if the solid matter firmly adheres to the grasping device, the apparatus further includes a disengaging device for urging the residual solid matter to disengage it from the grasping device when the grasping device has arrived at the exhausting position and released the residual solid matter. A control device is provided for controlling the grasping device, the moving device and the disengaging device.

Abstract: A method for conveying a sample container from a sample tray which has a designated location for supporting the container. The container is placeable on the tray at a location separated from the designated location such that the container will have an orientation which differs from a desired orientation.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder assembly is equipped with means for determining and validating the piston position of that assembly part of a robot. A piston 1 slides axially in a cylinder 2, and moves a permanent magnet 13. The resulting magnetic field is sensed by a Hall effect transistor. A member 12 is controlled by a program of analog signals coming from the sensor. When the run of piston 1 is stopped, the position of that piston is one of the positions that have been previously determined and memorized by control member 12.