Abstract: An Apparatus for purifying a feed stream containing carbon dioxide in which the feed stream, after having been compressed and dried, is partly cooled and then used to reboil a stripping column. Thereafter, the feed stream is further cooled and expanded to a lower operational temperature of the stripping column. A carbon dioxide product stream composed of the liquid column bottoms of the stripping column is expanded at one or more pressures to generate refrigeration, then fully vaporized within the main heat exchanger and compressed by a compressor to produce a compressed carbon dioxide product. Refrigeration is recovered in the main heat exchanger from a column overhead stream extracted from the stripping column within the main heat exchanger either directly or indirectly by auxiliary processing in which carbon dioxide is further separated and optionally recycled back to the main compressor used in compressing the feed stream.

Abstract: Apparatuses for controlling a humidity level within an enclosed volume storage device and methods for using same. The apparatus, in one embodiment, comprises a container having outer walls defining an inner volume, at least one of the outer walls, preferably an lid wall, having perforations therein. The apparatus further comprises a composition capable of adsorbing and desorbing water and contained in the inner volume of the container. The composition is hydrated to a hydration level less than about 0.13 mL water per gram of the composition. The methods include a step of hydrating the composition in an apparatus of the invention to a hydration level less than about 0.13 mL water per gram of composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low power consumption desorption apparatus, which utilizes a pair of electrodes coupled to an absorbing material to provide an electric current flowing through the absorbing material so as to desorb the substances absorbed within the absorbing material. By means of the desorption apparatus of the present invention, the absorbing material is able to enhance the desorbing efficiency and reducing power consumption during desorption. The present invention further provides a dehumidifier using the low power consumption desorption apparatus for providing a continuous dry air flow to desorb and regenerate the moisture from the absorbing material so that the dehumidifier is capable of removing moisture in the air repeatedly to reduce the humidity.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a first drier and a second drier adapted to receive a fluid including at least one reactant; and a reaction zone communicating with the first drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant and with the second drier to receive the regenerant. Generally, the first drier operates at a first condition to dry the fluid including at least one reactant and the second drier operates at a second condition during regeneration with a regenerant. The regenerant is displaced from the drier using a down-flow regenerant displacement assembly.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a first drier and a second drier adapted to receive a fluid including at least one reactant; and a reaction zone communicating with the first drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant and with the second drier to receive the regenerant. Generally, the first drier operates at a first condition to dry the fluid including at least one reactant and the second drier operates at a second condition during regeneration with a regenerant. The regenerant can pass through a fluid tapering device for regulating the flow of the regenerant to the reaction zone.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a vessel containing a fluid including at least one reactant; a fluid transfer device receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the vessel; at least one drier receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the fluid transfer device; and a reactor communicating with the at least one drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant. In addition, the at least one drier may communicate with the vessel at least by sending the fluid including at least one reactant or the regenerant through a fluid tapering device for at least one of regulating the flow and reducing the pressure of the regenerant to the vessel.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing an ozone destructor are disclosed herein. Generally, these systems and methods include an ozone destructor that has a housing defining an air passage duct. In some cases, this air passage duct includes a first chamber and a second chamber that are arranged so that air is able to flow into the first chamber, through the second chamber, and out of the destructor. In some cases, an air drying mechanism is disposed in the first and/or the second chamber. Additionally, in some cases, the ozone destructor further includes multiple mechanisms that reduce ozone to oxygen. In light of these features, the ozone destructor is capable of incrementally drying and reducing air and ozone, respectively, as they pass through the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: A method of reducing moisture in a fluorine-containing gas is described. The method may include the steps of providing a purifier material that includes elemental carbon, and flowing the unpurified fluorine-containing gas having an unpurified moisture concentration over or through the carbon-based purifier material. At least a portion of the moisture is captured in the purifier material so that a purified fluorine-containing gas that emerges downstream of the purifier material has a reduced moisture concentration that is about 50% or less of the unpurified moisture concentration.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an electronic device which may include an interior compartment housing at least one electronic component that may be reactive to target impurities. The electronic component may include at least a cathode and an anode. A purifier material may be interspersed within a conducting polymer layer between the cathode and the anode. The purifier material may decrease target impurities within the interior compartment of the electronic device from a first level to a second level.

Abstract: A filter material for use in an electronic enclosure. The filter material includes a mixture of carbon and calcium chloride. In some embodiments, the filter material further includes a polyolefin binder, and optionally other ingredients. In one embodiment, the filter material includes 5 to 15 percent calcium chloride, and in another embodiment, the filter material includes 10 percent calcium chloride.

Abstract: In a method for removing moisture from an optical system at high altitude, the improvement comprises using the difference in flow resistance between the desiccant path and the optical cavity path to enable airflow through the desiccant unit and not through the optical path.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon which includes a first drier and a second drier; and a reaction zone communicating with at least the first drier. The first drier operates at a first condition to dry the reactant and the second drier operates at a second condition during regeneration. The used regenerant remaining in the second drier after regeneration can (1) pass through a vent-to-flare assembly in a batch-wise manner; (2) pass through a downflow-depressure-to-low-pressure-device assembly in a batch-wise manner; (3) pass through a cross-over piping purge assembly to minimize upsets in the reaction and fractionation zones when the second drier is placed back in operation; or any combination of (1) (2) and/or (3) to minimize upsets in the reaction and fractionation zones when the second drier is placed back in operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agglomerated zeolite adsorbent containing at least one polymer matrix that is greatly laden with at least one zeolite adsorbent. The invention also relates to the method for preparing such an adsorbent and to the uses thereof, particularly as an adsorbent of moisture, odors, volatile organic components, and the like.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for desorption and a dehumidifier are provided in the present invention, in which an electrical potential is applied to electrodes disposed on both ends of an absorbing material so as to desorb the substances absorbed within the absorbing material whereby the absorbing material is capable of being maintained for cycling the absorbing operation. By means of the method and the apparatus of the present invention, the desorbing efficiency can be enhanced and the energy consumption can be reduced during desorption.

Abstract: A compressed air supply device for a commercial vehicle is provided. The compressed air supply device includes a valve housing and an air-drying cartridge connected releasably to the valve housing. The valve housing and the air-drying cartridge are connected to each other via a bayonet fastening arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying a feedstock gas flow including a main compound, water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as well as so-called secondary impurities, that comprises: a) feeding the feedstock gas flow into at least one 2-grid radial adsorber comprising as a single adsorption bed an activated alumina or silica gel bed on which H2O is preferably adsorbed; b) feeding the gas resulting from step a) into at least one 2-grid radial adsorber comprising as a single adsorption a molecular sieve bed on which CO2 and secondary impurities are preferably adsorbed; and c) recovering a gas resulting from step b) enriched with the main compound and suitable for cryogenic distillation.

Abstract: Pressure swing adsorption process for producing oxygen comprising (a) providing at least one adsorber vessel having a first layer of adsorbent adjacent the feed end of the vessel and a second layer of adsorbent adjacent the first layer, wherein the surface area to volume ratio of the first layer is in the range of about 0.75 to about 1.8 cm?1; (b) introducing a pressurized feed gas comprising at least oxygen, nitrogen, and water into the feed end, adsorbing at least a portion of the water in the adsorbent in the first layer, and adsorbing at least a portion of the nitrogen in the adsorbent in the second layer, wherein the superficial contact time of the pressurized feed gas in the first layer is between about 0.08 and about 0.50 sec; and (c) withdrawing a product gas enriched in oxygen from the product end of the adsorber vessel.

Abstract: NO2 may be removed from a carbon dioxide feed gas comprising NOx and at least one “non-condensable” gas as contaminants by passing the feed gas at a first elevated pressure through a first adsorption system that selectively adsorbs at least NO2 to produce at least substantially NO2-free carbon dioxide gas. The adsorption system is at least partially regenerated using a carbon dioxide-rich gas recovered from the substantially NO2-free carbon dioxide gas after purification. The invention has particular application in removing NOx and water from flue gas generated by oxyfuel combustion.

Abstract: A compressed air supply device for a commercial vehicle is provided. The compressed air supply device includes a valve housing and an essentially axially symmetrical, exchangeable air-drying cartridge which is connected to the valve housing. The valve housing and the air-drying cartridge are connected via an essentially circular seal which lies in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the air-drying cartridge. The valve housing and the air-drying cartridge can be coupled to each other by being brought together in an axially parallel manner. The valve housing and the air-drying cartridge have features which permit a leak-proof connection between the valve housing and the air-drying cartridge at one or more angular positions of the air-drying cartridge relative to the valve housing.

Abstract: The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent layer that can act as an moisture sensitive fuel shut-off valve, absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. The web of the invention can comprise a super absorbent fabric or layer made of a superabsorbent particle or fiber. The web can comprise a nanofiber layer having dispersed within the nanofiber layer a super absorbent particulate and optionally a second particulate material that can act as an absorbent, adsorbant or reactant. Fluid, gas or liquid, that flows through or by the assemblies of the invention can have any gas, liquid or solid material dispersed or dissolved in the fluid interact with the super absorbent particulate. If needed these materials can also react with, be absorbed by, or adsorbed onto, the active particulate within the nanofiber layer.

Abstract: The off-gas from the still and flash tank of an existing glycol-based dehydration unit (containing water vapor, methane, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), VOCs (volatile organic compounds)) is sent directly to a gas separation membrane system for dehydration. The gas separation membrane has a high selectivity for water over organic compounds (for example, the membrane described in WO2005/007277A1). The driving force for water permeation is established by applying a vacuum on the permeate side of the membrane unit or by flowing a sweep gas, for example warm, dry air through the permeate side of the unit.

Abstract: Composite porous hydrophobic membranes are prepared by forming a perfluorohydrocarbon layer on the surface of a preformed porous polymeric substrate. The substrate can be formed from poly(aryl ether ketone) and a perfluorohydrocarbon layer can be chemically grafted to the surface of the substrate. The membranes can be utilized for a broad range of fluid separations, such as microfiltration, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration as membrane contactors for membrane distillation and for degassing and dewatering of fluids. The membranes can further contain a dense ultra-thin perfluorohydrocarbon layer superimposed on the porous poly(aryl ether ketone) substrate and can be utilized as membrane contactors or as gas separation. membranes for natural gas treatment and gas dehydration.

Abstract: There are described composite absorbers for sealed medical devices, which comprise an active species dispersed in a polymeric matrix having an H2O transmission comprised between 0.05 g mm ?2 d?1 and 5.4 g mm m?2 d?1 at 25° C. and 100% RH, and a method for H2O removal from the sealed medical devices by means of said composite absorbers.

Abstract: In a method for removing moisture from an optical system at high altitude, the improvement comprises using the difference in flow resistance between the desiccant path and the optical cavity path to enable airflow through the desiccant unit and not through the optical path.

Abstract: The water droplet generating system includes a vessel, an opening/closing valve, a moisture absorbent member, and a condenser portion. The vessel has an opening portion. The opening/closing valve opens and closes the opening portion. The water absorbent member absorbs and releases water vapor depending on a change of humidity. The condenser portion is communicated with the inside of the vessel and cools water vapor released from the moisture absorbent member to be at a dew point of water vapor or less. When the opening portion is opened, the moisture absorbent member absorbs water vapor in atmosphere. When the opening portion is closed, the moisture absorbent member releases water vapor, and the condenser portion condenses water vapor, which is released from the moisture absorbent member, to generate a water droplet.

Abstract: Compressor device having a compressor (2) with an inlet (3) and an outlet (4); a compressed air line (5) which connects the outlet (4) of the compressor (2) to a user network (6); a drier (7) which is incorporated in the compressed air line (5) and which includes at least two air receivers (13-16) which are each provided with an inlet (14) and an outlet (15) and which are filled with desiccant or drying agent, which air receivers (13-16) work alternately, such that while one air receiver (13) is drying the compressed gas, the other air receiver (16) is regenerated; and a blow-off device (28) for blowing off at least a part of the gas compressed by the compressor when the compressor (2) works in no-load or in partial load, characterized in that mechanisms are provided which make it possible to guide the part of the compressed gas which is blown off via the blow-off device (28) through the regenerating air receiver (13).

Abstract: Apparatuses for controlling a humidity level within an enclosed volume storage device and methods for using same. The apparatus, in one embodiment, comprises a container having outer walls defining an inner volume, at least one of the outer walls, preferably an lid wall, having perforations therein. The apparatus further comprises a composition capable of adsorbing and desorbing water and contained in the inner volume of the container. The composition is hydrated to a hydration level less than about 0.13 mL water per gram of the composition. The methods include a step of hydrating the composition in an apparatus of the invention to a hydration level less than about 0.13 mL water per gram of composition.

Abstract: Guard layers are employed in the adsorbent beds of rapid cycle pressure swing adsorption (RCPSA) devices to protect the adsorbent therein from certain contaminants (e.g. water vapour). Conventional PSA devices typically pack the guard layer with as much guard material as is practical. In RCPSA devices however, the performance of the guard layer can be improved by using a reduced amount of guard material and increasing access to it. Such embodiments are characterized by guard layers with a channel fraction of greater than 50%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to zeolitic compositions of at least one A, X, Y zeolite and/or chabazite and at least one clinoptilolite type of zeolite. These zeolitic compositions can be used in adsorption methods for removing H2O and/or CO2 and/or H2S present in gas or liquid mixtures, particularly for purifying natural gas, acid gases, alcohols and mercaptans.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a high-molecular polyester from a solidified polyester prepolymer by solid phase polycondensation. The polycondensation cleavage products of the solid phase polycondensation reaction are extracted from the product by means of a process gas, and the process gas is then cleaned and essentially recycled. According to the invention, the process gas is cleaned by means of an aqueous washing liquid. The invention also relates to an installation for carrying out the inventive method, said installation containing a crystallisation appliance (1) and a reaction appliance (2). A gas outlet (2d) of the reaction appliance (2) is directly or indirectly connected to a gas inlet (3c) in a gas cleaning system (3), and a gas outlet (3d) of the gas cleaning system (3) is connected to a gas inlet (2c) of the reaction appliance (2).

Abstract: The method allows liquefaction of a dry natural gas comprising water and heavy hydrocarbons containing more than five carbon atoms. The following stages are carried out: a) passing the dry natural gas through a water-adsorbent solid so as to obtain a water-depleted natural gas and a water-laden adsorbent solid, b) passing the water-depleted natural gas through a solid adsorbing heavy hydrocarbons comprising at least five carbon atoms so as to obtain a heavy hydrocarbon-depleted natural gas and a heavy hydrocarbon-laden adsorbent solid, c) liquefying the heavy hydrocarbon-depleted natural gas at a pressure above 40 bar abs so as to obtain a liquid natural gas under pressure, d) expanding the liquid natural gas under pressure obtained in stage c) to atmospheric pressure so as to obtain a liquid natural gas and a gas fraction.

Abstract: A method for the purification of a feed gas stream containing CO2 and water and at least one impurity chosen from NOx and SOx, comprising the incorporation of a purification step for the preferential elimination of water is provided.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for the extraction of water from air incorporated into a wall of a building has a cavity formed in the wall. The cavity has an air inlet and an air outlet. A condensing surface is disposed within the cavity and is adapted to direct condensed water to a water storage unit. In another aspect of the present invention, the cavity is formed between two different building walls.

Abstract: The invention relates to a product for transformation of a toxic corrosive or environmentally-noxious product into a non-corrosive or non-noxious residue, comprising at least one amphoteric agent, at least one lipophilic absorbent, at least one hydrophilic absorbent and at least one binary colored indicator, selected from the group of the following mixtures: Nile blue/alizarin red, alizarin yellow/alizarin red, thymolphthalein/methyl red, phenolphthalein/methyl red and tropaeolin OO/thymol blue and optionally an additive selected from the group comprising charge agents, granulation agents, anti-static agents and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This gas purifying process removes trace constituents from a mixed gas that includes a rare gas and nitrogen as main components, and at least one from among hydrogen, nitrogen and hydrogen reaction products, and water vapor as the trace constituent. This process sequentially carries out an adsorbing step for removing water vapor and nitrogen and hydrogen reaction products; a hydrogen oxidation step for converting the hydrogen into water vapor by means of a hydrogen oxidation catalytic reaction in the presence of oxygen; and a drying step for removing water vapor generated in the hydrogen oxidation step. When nitrogen oxides are included as a trace constituent, then a denitration step is carried out prior to the adsorbing step, to convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water vapor by means of a catalytic denitration reaction in the presence of a reducing substance.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) removal system includes a first sorbent bed and a second sorbent bed. Each of the first and second sorbent beds has a molecular sieve sorbent for adsorbing or desorbing CO2. One of the sorbent beds adsorbs CO2 and the other of the sorbent beds desorbs CO2. The first and second sorbent beds are thermally connected to transfer heat between the sorbent beds.

Abstract: A process for dehydration of a water rich stream, the process comprising providing a process stream to a first temperature controlled adsorber that is undergoing adsorption, where the first temperature controlled adsorber has one or more adsorption flow passages containing an adsorptive material coating and one or more heat transfer flow passages and producing a dehydrated effluent stream. The process stream is passed through the one or more adsorption flow passages, where water is adsorbed by the adsorptive material coating, and a heat of adsorption is generated. The heat of adsorption is removed by passing a cooling fluid through the one or more heat transfer flow passages. The process stream can be a process stream for producing motor fuel grade ethanol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying a supply gaseous flow containing at least 5 vol. % of N2O and oxygen, in which: (a) the gaseous flow is contacted with a main adsorbent (3) including at least one zeolite exchanged at more than 50% by one or more metal cations and having an N2O adsorption capacity, as measured under 1 bar and at 200° C., of more than 80 Ncm/g in order to adsorb at least a portion of the N2O from said flow and to produce a purified gaseous flow; and (b) recovering a purified gaseous flow having an N2O content lower than the N2O content of the supply gaseous flow contacted with the main adsorbent during step (a).

Abstract: A desiccant comprises a mixture of a polymeric salt and a nonpolymeric salt.

Abstract: Method of purifying a feed stream containing carbon dioxide wherein the feed stream after having been compressed and dried is partly cooled and then used to reboil a stripping column. Thereafter, the feed stream is further cooled and expanded to a lower operational temperature of the stripping column. A carbon dioxide product stream composed of the liquid column bottoms of the stripping column is expanded at one or more pressures to generate refrigeration, then fully vaporized within the main heat exchanger and compressed by a compressor to produce a compressed carbon dioxide product. Refrigeration is recovered in the main heat exchanger from a column overhead stream extracted from the stripping column within the main heat exchanger either directly or indirectly by auxiliary processing in which carbon dioxide is further separated and optionally recycled back to the main compressor used in compressing the feed stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for the purification of binary halide fluid. The process and apparatus purifies the binary halide fluid by selectively removing Bronsted acid impurities and/or volatile oxygen containing impurities present in the binary halide. A regenerable adsorbent polymer is utilized to remove the Bronsted acid impurities from the binary halide fluid and a volatile oxide adsorbent having a specific adsorption capacity for the volatile oxide impurity is utilized to remove the volatile oxide from the binary halide when in gaseous form.

Abstract: A protective liner includes a body formed from disposable and porous material and has planar top and bottom surfaces respectively. Such a body is removably positioned within an existing refrigerator drawer such that the body covers an entire bottom surface of the existing refrigerator drawer. The body has an outer layer provided with a uniform thickness extending along the top and bottom surfaces respectively. Such an outer layer is formed from paper material and the core member is formed from cotton. The body further has a unitary core member intercalated between the outer layer and is statically nested therebetween. Such a core member is formed from water-absorbent material for soaking up and trapping moisture from the foodstuff.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the separation of gases which comprises putting a mixture of gases in contact with a zeolite of the ESV type to obtain the selective adsorption of at least one of the gases forming the gaseous mixture. The present invention also relates to particular zeolitic compositions suitable as adsorbents.

Abstract: Methods of purifying hydrogen-containing materials are described. The methods may include the steps of providing a purifier material comprising silica. The silica may be heated at temperature of about 100° C. or more in a dry atmosphere to form activated silica. The activated silica may be contacted with a starting hydrogen-containing material, where the activated silica reduces a concentration of one or more impurity from the starting hydrogen-containing material to form the purified hydrogen-containing material, and where the activated silica does not decompose the purified hydrogen-containing material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide multiple consecutive purges of an air dryer in a vehicle compressed air system. A dryer throughput sensor has an output indicative of the amount of compressed air that is passed through the dryer. In response, a CPU determines the number of purges needed to purge the dryer; and a valve is operated by the CPU to initiate multiple purges of the dryer when the compressor is unloaded.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for decarbonating gas streams polluted by CO2, which consists in contacting them with an adsorbent consisting of an agglomerate of zeolite X with an Si/Al ratio of 1 to 1.15, highly sodium-exchanged comprising not more than 20% of inert binder, to eliminate at least the carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A method of reducing moisture in a fluorine-containing gas is described. The method may include the steps of providing a purifier material that includes elemental carbon, and flowing the unpurified fluorine-containing gas having an unpurified moisture concentration over or through the carbon-based purifier material. At least a portion of the moisture is captured in the purifier material so that a purified fluorine-containing gas that emerges downstream of the purifier material has a reduced moisture concentration that is about 50% or less of the unpurified moisture concentration.

Abstract: A filter assembly for use in sidestream gas sampling assembly. The filter assembly of the present invention includes a hydrophilic member that is constructed from a porous material and is situated such that gas entering the filter assembly passes through at least a portion the hydrophilic member. In a further embodiment, the filter includes a hydrophobic member positioned downstream of the hydrophilic member. The hydrophobic member acts as a second line of defense against moisture reaching the sensing mechanism in the gas sampling assembly.

Abstract: This invention provides novel devices and methods for manipulation of moisture/fluid levels in and/or upon objects and is used to, e.g., safely dry wet books and documents with minimal deleterious side effects or to add humidity to such books/documents or other objects or areas.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for the extraction of water from air incorporated into a wall of a building has a cavity formed in the wall. The cavity has an air inlet and an air outlet. A condensing surface is disposed within the cavity and is adapted to direct condensed water to a water storage unit. In another aspect of the present invention, the cavity is formed between two different building walls.