Abstract: There is provided a light emitting module including: a circuit board; at least one light source part disposed on the circuit board; a wavelength conversion part coupled with the circuit board, the wavelength conversion part covering alight emitting surface of the light source part and converting a wavelength of light; and a coupling part coupling the wavelength conversion part to the circuit board.

Abstract: Method for treating thermoplastic to make a surface thereof superhydrophobic. The method includes exposing the thermoplastic to a specific solvent for a selected time period. It is preferred that the treatment time be in the range of one minute to approximately five hours and more preferably in the range of one minute to 15 minutes. Thermoplastics and solvents having a similar solubility parameter interact with one another to form hydrophobic hierarchical surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the presence of a target molecule is disclosed which includes a conductive nanostructure, a non-conductive polymer coating on at least a portion of the nanostructure, and a cavity formed in the polymer coating having a shape corresponding to the shape of the target molecule. A property of the nanostructure depends on the presence of the target molecule at the cavity.

Abstract: A novel silica which is in the form of ultrafine particles having mesopores and has a regular structure; and a process for producing the silica. The silica is a self-organized nanoparticulate silica characterized in that the average particle diameter is 4 to 30 nm, preferably 6 to 20 nm, and these particles are regularly arranged so as to form a primitive cubic lattice. The self-organized nanoparticulate silica is produced by mixing an alkoxysilane with an aqueous solution of a basic amino acid, reacting the mixture at 40 to 100° C., and subjecting the reaction mixture to drying and preferably to subsequent burning. Also provided is a process for producing fine silica particles having a particle diameter of 4 to 30 nm, which comprises mixing a solution of an alkoxysilane compound having 1 to 4 alkoxy groups with a solution of a basic amino acid and reacting the mixture at 20 to 100° C. to cause hydrolysis and condensation polymerization.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film electrode (FE), all-organic electroactive device systems fabricated with the SWNT-FE, and methods for making same. The SWCNT can be replaced by other types of nanotubes. The SWCNT film can be obtained by filtering SWCNT solution onto the surface of an anodized alumina membrane. A freestanding flexible SWCNT film can be collected by breaking up this brittle membrane. The conductivity of this SWCNT film can advantageously be higher than 280 S/cm. An electroactive polymer (EAP) actuator layered with the SWNT-FE shows a higher electric field-induced strain than an EAP layered with metal electrodes because the flexible SWNT-FE relieves the restraint of the displacement of the polymeric active layer as compared to the metal electrode. In addition, if thin enough, the SWNT-FE is transparent in the visible light range, thus making it suitable for use in actuators used in optical devices.

Abstract: The invention teaches electrospun light-emitting fibers made from ionic transition metal complexes (‘iTMCs”) such as [Ru(bpy)3]2+(PF6?)2]/PEO mixtures with dimensions in the 10.0 nm to 5.0 micron range and capable of highly localized light emission at low operating voltages such as 3-4 V with turn-on voltages approaching the band-gap limit of the organic semiconductor that may be used as point source light emitters on a chip.

Abstract: There is provided a conductive film forming method including disposing a material 2 containing a fiber-shaped conductive substance 2a and having fluidity between a substrate 3 and a mold 1 having thereon prominences and depressions 1a; reducing the fluidity of the material 2; and separating the mold 1 from the material 2.

Abstract: Matrixes doped with semiconductor nanocrystals are provided. In certain embodiments, the semiconductor nanocrystals have a size and composition such that they absorb or emit light at particular wavelengths. The nanocrystals can comprise ligands that allow for mixing with various matrix materials, including polymers, such that a minimal portion of light is scattered by the matrixes. The matrixes can also be utilized in refractive index matching applications. In other embodiments, semiconductor nanocrystals are embedded within matrixes to form a nanocrystal density gradient, thereby creating an effective refractive index gradient. The matrixes can also be used as filters and antireflective coatings on optical devices and as down-converting layers. Processes for producing matrixes comprising semiconductor nanocrystals are also provided.

Abstract: Control beads are disclosed that allow for improved quantitation of analytes in multiplexed bead assays. The control beads have a range of concentrations of calibration moieties that provide for the preparation of a titration curve. The titration curve can be used to quantify the concentration of the analytes. The titration curve can be used to correlate the signal obtained from a bead with the concentration (or absolute number of molecules) of the analyte bound to the bead.

Abstract: A nanothermocouple detector includes a nanowire coupled across two electrodes. The two electrodes are electrically connected to an amplifier. The two electrodes generally have a separation of about five micrometers to about thirty micrometers across which the nanowire is coupled. A focusing element is disposed to admit photons that fall on the focusing element onto the nanowire to heat it. A voltage change across the nanowire caused by the heating of the nanowire by the light is detected by the amplifier. The voltage change corresponds to the energy absorbed from the light by the nanowire. The color of a single photon can be detected using such device. An array of such devices can be used for sensing light on a two-dimensional scale, thereby providing an image showing small variances in the energies of the light impinging upon the detector array.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods that can be used immunize a subject against influenza. Generally, the compositions and methods include polypeptides obtained or derived from human influenza A virus hemagglutinin.

Abstract: A method for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy uses interdigitated electrodes functionalized with a first species and nanoparticles functionalized with a second species that preferentially attaches to the first species. The nanoparticles are composed of a material with a dielectric constant (k value) greater than 2. The chemically functionalized electrodes are then exposed to a solution containing the chemically functionalized nanoparticles which then become immobilized on the electrodes through the attachment of the first species to the second species. The impedance spectrum is measured and an amount of the first species is then determined from the measured spectrum. Because the high-k dielectric nanoparticles increase the double-layer capacitive impedance, the sensitivity of determining the amount of the first species attached to the second species is enhanced.

Abstract: An asphalt concrete pavement containing a wave absorbing material and a maintenance process thereof are provided. The asphalt concrete pavement includes: 1. a coarse materials consisted of small stone with a grain size of 10-15 mm, macadam with a grain size of 5-10 mm and stone chip with a grain size of 0.1-5 mm; 2. fine materials consisted of sand; 3. a mineral powder containing a wave absorbing material which accounts for 10%-100% of the mineral powder by weight percentage. Furthermore, an asphalt concrete material for making asphalt concrete pavement, a mineral powder containing a wave absorbing material, and a use of the mineral powder or wave absorbing material in making the asphalt concrete pavement are provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure having: an electrically and thermally conductive layer disposed on one surface of the semiconductor structure; an electrically and thermally conductive heat sink; a electrically and thermally conductive carrier layer; a plurality of electrically and thermally nano-tubes, a first portion of the plurality of nano-tubes having proximal ends disposed on a first surface of the carrier layer and a second portion of the plurality of nano-tubes having proximal ends disposed on an opposite surface of the carrier layer; and a plurality of electrically and thermally conductive heat conductive tips disposed on distal ends of the plurality of nano-tubes, the plurality of heat conductive tips on the first portion of the plurality of nano-tubes being attached to the conductive layer, the plurality of heat conductive tips on the second portion of the plurality of nano-tubes being attached to the heat sink.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a material having nanoscale pores is provided. In one embodiment, the method of fabricating a material having nanoscale pores may include providing a single crystal semiconductor. The single crystal semiconductor layer is then patterned to provide an array of exposed portions of the single crystal semiconductor layer having a width that is equal to the minimum lithographic dimension. The array of exposed portion of the single crystal semiconductor layer is then etched using an etch chemistry having a selectivity for a first crystal plane to a second crystal plane of 100% or greater. The etch process forms single or an array of trapezoid shaped pores, each of the trapezoid shaped pores having a base that with a second width that is less than the minimum lithographic dimension.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile memory device includes a lower electrode layer, a nanomaterial assembly layer, and an upper electrode layer. The nanomaterial assembly layer is provided on the lower electrode layer and includes a plurality of micro conductive bodies assembled via a gap. The upper electrode layer is provided on the nanomaterial assembly layer. The portion of the micro conductive bodies is buried at least in a lower part of the upper electrode layer.

Abstract: Particles and particle films are provided. In certain examples, particles produced from a single phase process may be used to provide industrial scale synthesis of particles for use in devices such as printed wiring boards.

Abstract: Poly(anilineboronic acid)/phosphate nanoparticle dispersions are produced in high yields using the reactivity of the boronic acid moiety with phosphate in the presence of fluoride. The poly(anilineboronic acid)/phosphate dispersions have been characterized using spectroscopic, microscopic and electrochemical techniques. According to 11B NMR studies, the formation of anionic tetrahedral boronate group in phosphoric acid in the presence of fluoride forms the basis of self-doped, stabilized PABA nanoparticle dispersion. Transmission electron microscope images show that 25-50 nm diameter PABA nanoparticles are formed under these conditions. UV-vis, FT-IR-ATR spectroscopic and cyclic voltammetric results confirm the formation of the conducting form of PABA.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to strategies and methods of amplifying short target sequences and removing flanking sequences from target nucleic acids to remove background signal when detecting hybridizations events using sensitive detection biosensors, such as biosensors based on nanowires, carbon nanotubes, nanopores etc, that may be capable of detecting molecules at small molar concentrations (fM and less), or even at the single molecule level. Furthermore, by cropping and therefore standardizing the size of the target sequences to be detected, when detecting many target sequences in an array, the signals across each biosensor can be compared and the hybridization conditions standardized easily.

Abstract: A process for operating a cooling tower (10), said process comprising: introducing a feed solution into a cooling tower, evaporating solvent from the feed solution to produce a concentrated solution, removing a portion of the concentrated solution as blow-down, passing at least a portion of the blow-down through a first membrane in a nanofiltration unit (14), such that at least some of the solute in the blow-down are retained as a concentrated blow-down solution on the retentate-side of the first membrane, contacting at least a portion of the concentrated blow-down solution (42) with one side of a second membrane (12) and contacting a solution having a lower solute concentration than the combined concentrated blow-down solution and the return from the cooling tower with the opposite side of the second membrane, such that solvent flows across the second membrane to dilute the concentrated blow down solution by direct osmosis, and re-introducing the diluted blow-down solution to the cooling tower.

Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene including 0.001 to 10 weight % of refractory particles, wherein the refractory particles have an average particle size (D50) below 300 nm. The average particle size is at least 5 nm, in particular at least 10 nm, and/or at most 150 nm, in particular at most 100 nm, more in particular at most 80 nm. The particles are of transformation toughened zirconia.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn toward a chemical or biological sensor that can comprise a semi-conducting nanowire and a chemical or biological sensing molecule tethered to the semi-conducting nanowire through a spacer group including a hydrophilic reactive group. In one embodiment, the semi-conducting nanowire can be part of an array of like or similar semi-conducting nanowires. Electrical leads can provide an electrical current to the array, and a signal measurement apparatus can be electrically coupled to the array, and can be configured for detecting changes in the electrical current of the array.

Abstract: Orientation degree and smoothness of a substrate surface better than those of conventional ones are provided in a textured substrate for epitaxial thin film growth. The present invention is a textured substrate for epitaxial film formation, including a crystal orientation improving layer made of a metal thin film of 1 to 5000 nm in thickness on the surface of the textured substrate for epitaxial film formation having a textured metal layer at least on one surface, wherein differences between orientation degrees (?? and ??) in the textured metal layer surface and orientation degrees (?? and ??) in the crystal orientation improving layer surface are both 0.1 to 3.0°. Further, when another metal different from the metal constituting this textured substrate crystal orientation improving layer is added equivalent to a thin film which is 30 nm or less, and subsequently is subjected to heat treatment, the smoothness of that surface can be improved.

Abstract: Methods of preparing pre-engineered surfaces using various nanolithography techniques to generate, isolate, and multiply homogeneous cell populations. Surfaces can be treated by etching before exposure to biological systems like cells. Stem cell applications are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to textile fibers at least partially covered with a nanometric-sized semiconducting material having photocatalytic properties for degrading chemical compounds, in particular chemical or biological agents, wherein said semiconducting material is in the form of nanostructure or nanocomposites with a one-dimensional morphology. The textile fibers can be used for application in the military, medical, and civilian domains, etc. The curves 60 and 62 respectively show the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds at the surface of textile fibers covered with nanostructures or nanocomposites having a one-dimensional morphology according to the invention, and nanoparticles having a granular morphology according to the prior art. The nanostructures are nanocomposites of the invention 60 are more efficient.

Abstract: The disclosure provide hollow nanospheres and methods of making and using the same. The methods and compositions of the disclosure are useful for drug delivery and gene transfer.

Abstract: Provided are a light emitting device and a light emitting device package. The light emitting device includes a transparent substrate, a light emitting structure, and a first reflection layer. The light emitting structure includes a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer that are disposed on a top surface of the substrate. The first reflection layer is disposed on a bottom surface of the substrate. The bottom surface of the substrate has a surface roughness of about 1 nm to about 15 nm in root mean square (RMS) value.

Abstract: A product has solid stable water clusters including a plurality of water molecules connected with one another by electrical dipole interaction via internal electric field of ions and having a permanent electric dipole moment with an electrical field surrounding the solid stable water clusters.

Abstract: The present invention provides partially fluorescent nanoparticles and methods of making and using the partially fluorescent nanoparticle having a nanoparticle with a matrix and a fluorescent dye dispersed in or about the matrix, wherein at least a portion of the fluorescent dye has been anisotropically bleached.

Abstract: A light emitting device package of the embodiment includes a body; an insulating layer on a surface of the body; at least one electrode layer on the insulating layer; and a light emitting device on the at least one electrode layer. The electrode layer includes a thermal diffusion layer and a reflective layer on the thermal diffusion layer, and the thermal diffusion layer has a thickness thicker than a thickness of the reflective layer by at least twenty times.

Abstract: Methods and mixtures for providing a composition of interest to a plant cell are provided. Methods using a mixture of particles are provided, wherein the mixture includes at least one nanoparticle associated with a microparticle via a lipid compound. Methods include methods for plant cell transformation, methods to increase transformation frequency, methods to increase gene targeting, and methods for plastid transformation. The nanoparticle comprises at least one composition of interest. Also provided are transformed plant cells, plants, and seeds produced using the methods and mixtures described herein. Further provided are the methods of making and using the mixtures of particles.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for cancer cell biomarkers, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell biomarkers, and binding molecules for diagnosis and treatment of cancer, e.g., PDAC. Methods of identifying “accessible” proteomes are disclosed for identifying cancer biomarkers, such as plectin-1, a PDAC biomarker. Additionally, imaging compositions are provided comprising magnetofluorescent nanoparticles conjugated to peptide ligands for identifying PDACs.

Abstract: This invention provides novel super-liquidphobic nanofibers and structures comprising such nanofibers, as well as methods and uses for such nanofibers.

Abstract: A filtration device including a filtration medium having a plurality of nanofibers of diameters less than 1 micron formed into a fiber mat in the presence of an abruptly varying electric field during electrospinning of the plurality of nanofibers. The nanofibers retain charge in the filtration medium from the electrospinning. The filtration device includes a support attached to the filtration medium and having openings for fluid flow therethrough. A method for making a filter material. The method provides a support having openings for fluid flow therethrough, electrospins nanofibers across an entirety of the openings, abruptly varies an electric field at the collector at least once during electrospinning of the fibers, and retains charge on the nanofibers after formation of the filtration medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an array of nanostructures grown on a conducting substrate. The array of nanostructures as provided herein is suitable for manufacturing electronic devices such as an electron beam writer, and a field emission device.

Abstract: Graded artificial dielectrics using nanostructures, such as nanowires, are disclosed. The graded artificial dielectric includes a material (typically a dielectric) with a plurality of nanostructures, such as nanowires, embedded within the dielectric material. One or more characteristics of the nanostructures are spatially varied from a first region within the dielectric to a second region within the dielectric to produce permittivity of the graded artificial dielectric that is spatially varied. The characteristics that can be varied include, but are not limited to, nanostructure density, nanostructure length, nanostructure aspect ratio, nanostructure oxide ratio, and nanostructure alignment. Methods of producing graded artificial dielectrics are also provided. A wide range of electronic devices such as antennas can use graded artificial dielectrics with nanostructures to improve performance.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanoparticle and semiconductor nanorod that have optical characteristics (luminescence intensity and emission lifetime) superior to those of conventional core/shell nanosized semiconductors. There are provided a triple-layer semiconductor nanoparticle, and triple-layer semiconductor nanorod, having an average particle diameter of 2 to 50 nm and comprising a core layer, an interlayer and a shell layer, wherein the layers are composed of different crystals, and wherein the crystal constructing the shell layer exhibits a band gap greater than that of the crystal constructing the core layer, and wherein the crystal constructing the interlayer has a lattice constant assuming a value between those of the crystal constructing the core layer and the crystal constructing the shell layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing a cathode active material for a lithium battery, and a cathode active material obtained by the method. The method includes forming a precursor of a one-dimensional nanocluster manganese dioxide with a chestnut-type morphology, inserting lithium into the formed precursor and synthesizing a one-dimensional nanocluster cathode active material particle with a chestnut morphology, coating a water-soluble polymer on a surface of the cathode active material particle, adsorbing a metal ion to the surface of the cathode active material particle coated with the water-soluble polymer, and sintering the cathode active material particle to obtain the one-dimensional nanocluster cathode active material with a chestnut morphology.

Abstract: Methods for producing echogenic polymer microcapsules and nanocapsules for use in diagnostic imaging and delivery of bioactive compounds as well as targeted imaging and delivery to selected tissues and cells are provided. Compositions containing these echogenic polymer microcapsules and nanocapsules for use in diagnostic imaging and delivery of bioactive agents are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for analysis of nucleic acids, including, methods and compositions for genotyping, haplotyping, sequencing and performing other genetic and epigenetic analyses on nucleic acids, for example. In some embodiments, methods and compositions suitable for whole-genome sequencing on single molecules of nucleic acid are provided. In some embodiments, analysis of single molecules of nucleic acid are performed in conjunction with nanopores and/or nanopore devices.

Abstract: Novel conjugates of nanoparticles are provided and have particular utility in the detection of latent fingerprints by their ability to bind to a fingerprint residue. The conjugate comprises a nanoparticle attached to a linker group having a terminal reactive moiety, wherein said nanoparticle comprises a core of a first semiconductor material having a first luminescence and a shell of a second material which at least partially surrounds the core. The conjugated nanoparticle can bind to the fingerprint residue and can be detected using fluorescence.

Abstract: Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coated nanoprobes and methods for fabricating such nanoprobes are provided. The nanoprobes provide hard, wear-resistant, low friction probes for use in such applications as atomic force microscopy, nanomachining, nanotribology, metrology and nanolithography. The diamond-like carbon coatings include a carbon implantation layer which increases adhesion of a deposited DLC layer to an underlying nanoprobe tip.

Abstract: An electroactive material comprises multiple layers of electroactive composite with each layer having unique dielectric, electrical and mechanical properties that define an electromechanical operation thereof when affected by an external stimulus. For example, each layer can be (i) a 2-phase composite made from a polymer with polarizable moieties and an effective amount of carbon nanotubes incorporated in the polymer for a predetermined electomechanical operation, or (ii) a 3-phase composite having the elements of the 2-phase composite and further including a third component of micro-sized to nano-sized particles of an electroactive ceramic incorporated in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: Toughened curable compositions are described. The curable compositions include a curable resin, surface-modified nanoparticles, and rubber nano-domains. Both core-shell rubber nano-domains, and nano-rubber domains arising from self-assembled block co-polymers are disclosed. Toughened, cured resin compositions, and articles comprising such cured compositions are also discussed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel composites that incorporate carbon nanospheres into a polymeric material. The polymeric material can be any polymer or polymerizable material compatible with graphitic materials. The carbon nanospheres are hollow, graphitic nanoparticles. The carbon nanospheres can be manufactured from a carbon precursor using templating catalytic nanoparticles. The unique size, shape, and electrical properties of the carbon nanospheres impart beneficial properties to the composites incorporating these nanomaterials.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods of melamine detection and quantification. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure include the detection of very low concentrations of melamine using silver nanorod array substrates fabricated by oblique angle deposition (OAD) technique.

Abstract: A vision assistance device includes a lens based on a transparent material, a conductive transparent thin film contacting the lens and containing carbon nanotubes, electrodes electrically connected to the conductive transparent thin film, and a portable power supply electrically connected to the electrodes. The vision assistance device prevents fogging and retains heat.

Abstract: Method of making a light emitting semiconductor nanowire device includes providing a plurality of spaced light emitting semiconductor nanowires on a growth substrate; applying a dielectric material disposed between the semiconductor nanowires producing a layer of embedded semiconductor nanowires having a top surface opposed to a bottom surface, wherein the bottom surface is defined by the interface with the growth substrate; depositing a first electrode over the top surface in electrical contact with the nanowires; joining the first electrode to a device substrate; removing the growth substrate and exposing the bottom surface of the layer of embedded nanowires; depositing a second electrode on the bottom surface of the nanowires so that it is in electrical contact with the nanowires; and wherein either the first or second electrode is transparent to permit light to be transmitted from the light emitting semiconductor nanowires through the transparent electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a nanocomposite including a layered inorganic material and a random copolymer containing a hydrophobic monomer and a hydrophilic monomer, a polymer composition including the nanocomposite, and a method for preparing the polymer composition. The random copolymer can be prepared at a low cost in a simple process and function as a compatibilizer in small amounts to maintain excellent properties of the nanocomposite including excellent mechanical characteristics such as abrasion resistance, hardness, tensile modulus and tear resistance, excellent thermal characteristics, high liquid and gas permeability, and low flammability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dehydrated nanoparticles comprising chitosan and a nucleic acid. Preferably, the nucleic acid is a siRNA. Dehydrated nanoparticles of the invention have improved storage characteristics. The particles may be used in screening methods, e.g. where they have been dried onto a solid support, such as the surface of a culture well. The nanoparticles may also be dried onto implants for tissue engineering scaffolds, where they enable transfection of cells growing on the scaffold. Moreover, the particles have therapeutic relevance.