Abstract: A covering element for a floor covering comprising an upper surface having a relief structure, wherein the relief structure comprises excavations having a depth decreasing towards at least one perimetric edge of the covering element.

Abstract: A support structure for a heating or cooling system comprises a base; and a plurality of projections that extend from said base and are capable of retaining one or more thermal elements positioned adjacent thereto; wherein each of said projections comprises a wall extending from said base, at least part of said wall having an oscillating form to increase the crush resistance of the support structure. During installation, many potential sources of pressure that can crush and/or damage the structure. For example, an installer may stand on the structure while inserting the thermal elements, or heavy equipment may apply a concentrated load upon the structure. The walls of the structure are largely responsible for crush resistance of the structure, wherein an oscillating wall has an effective thickness greater than its actual thickness and enhances crush resistance of the structure without a large increase in material.

Abstract: A double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having excellent impact resistance, excellent reworkability, and excellent alcohol resistance. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape includes: a base material layer; and pressure-sensitive adhesive layers arranged on both surface sides of the base material layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers are each formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a monomer component (m) and a polymer component (P) obtained by polymerizing the monomer component (m), wherein the monomer component (m) contains 50 wt % or more of butyl (meth)acrylate, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the base material layer to a total thickness of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is less than 35%, and wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has a force, which is generated at 100% strain at 23° C.

Abstract: A universal membrane is configured to be installed between a subfloor and floor tiles to allow movement of the floor tiles relative to the subfloor. The universal membrane includes a base layer, a plurality of studs projecting from the base layer, and a plurality of sidewalls projecting from the base layer and disposed between adjacent ones of the plurality of studs. Each sidewall of the plurality of sidewalls forming a perimeter of a pocket. The base layer forms a bottom wall of the pocket.

Abstract: A double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having excellent impact resistance, excellent reworkability, and excellent alcohol resistance. The double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape includes: a base material layer; and pressure-sensitive adhesive layers arranged on both surface sides of the base material layer, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers are each formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a monomer component (m) and a polymer component (P) obtained by polymerizing the monomer component (m), wherein the monomer component (m) contains 50 wt % or more of butyl (meth)acrylate, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the base material layer to a total thickness of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is less than 35%, and wherein the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape has a force, which is generated at 100% strain at 23° C.