Abstract: The ATM exchange of the present invention comprises an input line interface and an output line interface. The input line interface comprises an FRM extractor for deciding whether each ATM cell sent from a first communication terminal to a switch is an FRM cell or a non-FRM cell, an FRM cycle monitor for using this decision result to monitor the FRM cell proportion among the ATM cells and deciding whether said proportion is normal or abnormal, and a first cell processor for discarding the non-FRM cells when the proportion is abnormal. The output line interface comprises a BRM extractor for deciding whether each ATM cell sent from a communication terminal to a switch is a BRM cell or a non-BRM cell, a BRM cycle monitor for using this decision result to monitor the BRM cell proportion among the ATM cells and deciding whether said proportion is normal or abnormal, and a second cell processor for discarding the non-BRM cells when the proportion is abnormal.

Abstract: The feeder circuit to which the present invention pertains comprises means for regulating which serves to feed an electric current to a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; means for feeding electric current which serves to feed an electric current to the means for regulating; means for regulator control which serves to control the electric current output from the means for regulating; a first resistance located between the negative terminal of the means for feeding electric current and the positive output terminal; and a second resistance located between the positive terminal of the means for feeding electric current and the negative output terminal.

Abstract: An system and method for interactively choosing a selection from a database, including a media database containing movies, videos and graphical offerings, is disclosed. The invention uses a physical metaphor to represent the database and icons to represent selections. A preferred embodiment for a video-on-demand environment uses a globe or torus to represent a video database, which is displayed on a user's television at the user's location. Superimposed on the globe is a grid of pictorial icons representing the video selections stored in the video database. The video selections are arranged by category and alphabetically on the globe. The user may employ a remote control to issue search commands.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit related to the present invention comprises a logic circuit, and a mode-switching circuit. The logic circuit has a multiplicity of logic elements, which are driven by a driving voltage applied from a dummy power supply line. The mode-switching circuit, during an active mode, supplies to the dummy power supply line a first electric potential for driving a logic element, and, during a sleep mode, supplies to the dummy power supply line a second electric potential, which is higher than zero volts, and lower than a first electric potential. In a first preferred embodiment, a second electric potential is set to a value such that it is possible to reduce logic circuit OFF leakage current during a sleep mode, and to shorten the time for transitioning from a sleep mode to an active mode.

Abstract: An LED is provided with a p-type semiconductor region in the shape of an island being buried in an n-type semiconductor region from the surface of it, and forms a pn junction at the interface between these n-type region and p-type region. The pn junction has a bottom junction at the bottom of the n-type region and a side junction at the peripheral side face. The bottom junction comprises a first subjunction being deep and constant in junction depth and a second subjunction varying continuously in junction depth. The depth of the second subjunction is shallower than the depth of the first subjunction. The p-type region portion above the second subjunction is thinner in thickness than the p-type region portion above the first subjunction. A light passing through the p-type region portion of the former is less in absorption and more in optical power of the output light. The total power of the output light of the whole LED is increased correspondingly to reduction in thickness of the p-type region.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip having an edge and having a surface with a plurality of electrodes. A film is mounted over the surface of the semiconductor chip, the film has first and second surfaces and has a device hole. The first surface of the film is oriented toward the surface of the semiconductor chip and so that the device hole exposes the electrodes of the semiconductor chip. Connecting conductors are disposed at the first surface of the film and extend into the device hole to the electrodes. Electrode pad holes are provided in the film, at positions between the device hole and the edge of the semiconductor chip to expose the conductors.

Abstract: A process controller 130 and clock controller 190 are used to detect transfer rates when performing data write and read operations involving memories 180-1 to 180-n for recording data. The clock controller 190 frequency-divides clock signals generated by an oscillator unit 191, thereby generating a plurality of frequency-divided clocks having different frequencies. One of the frequency-divided clocks is selected, according to the transfer rate detection results, and used as the operating clock for an interface unit 110, the process controller 130, a buffer unit 140, and a transfer controller 150. By altering the operating speeds of the circuits 110, 140, and 150, according to the data transfer rate, power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: A ferroelectric memory device capable of high-speed drive having a word line to which a plurality of memory cells is connected, wherein the plurality of memory cells is divided into at least two memory cell groups, the memory cells configuring one memory cell group are connected to a common plate line, the plate line is activated or deactivated by a plate driver provided for each memory cell group, each of those plate drivers is connected to a word line, and at least one of those plate drivers is provided between memory cell groups that are provided adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having an input circuit for effectively preventing breakdown caused by an electrostatic surge is provided. A first NMOS transistor is connected between an input terminal and an internal node, and a gate electrode of the first NMOS transistor is connected to a power supply line via a PMOS transistor that is always in an ON state. Therefore, the first NMOS transistor is also always in the ON state. Further, a second NMOS transistor, which is always in an OFF state, is connected between the internal node and a ground line. Even when an electrostatic surge voltage is applied to the input terminal, the electrostatic surge voltage is not directly applied to the gate electrode of the first NMOS transistor. Thus, breakdown of a gate oxide film of the gate is prevented.

Abstract: The present invention seeks to increase the number of wavelengths capable of being handled while reducing the sub peak and beat noise. A wave router acording to the invention has three acoustooptical filter elements; two wavelength division multiplicity reduction elements; and two wavelength division multiplexers. The wavelength division multiplicity reduction elements have three output ports and one input port, and the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal input to this input port is de-multiplexed and thereafter output from the three output ports. The acoustooptical filter elements are connected to the output ports of the wavelength division multiplicity reduction element, and the optical signal contained in the output light from thee output ports are selectively output in accordance with the wavelength.

Abstract: A first guard ring formed by high concentration ion diffusion is established around the transistor formation region of the semiconductor substrate. A second guard ring is established around the first guard ring with a prescribed gap therebetween. A metal film is formed opposing to each guard ring with an insulating film interposed therebetween; these metal films are connected to the opposing guard rings by interlayer wires. The metal films are each connected to external terminals providing a standard potential by individual metal wires from their respective electrodes.

Abstract: A separate parison separation assembly for each parison in a multiple parison blow molding apparatus. Each assembly has a shear plate secured in a recess machined into the mold in order to provide a positive and repeatable location of the shear plate. The shear plate is square and provides eight cutting edges; each of the four sides of the shear plate by rotating the shear plate as an edge wears, and by turning it over. The shear plate has a useful life up to eight times that of the prior art designs. The cut-off knife for each assembly is secured to the other half of the mold, directly on its surface, with a compression pocket cut into the face of this half of the mold to contain and to compress the parison between the mold halves. The design eliminates open space at the edge where the flash forms, reducing the mass of polymer at the edge and thus the temperature of the flash edge.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to improve the efficiency of collection of solidification constituents and solids in exhaust gas and to prevent early blockage of the filter without damaging the vacuum pump. In an exhaust path 48a, a vacuum pump and exhaust gas filtration device are provided. This exhaust gas filtration device is constituted by a trap device, pre-filter and filter. The pre-filter reduces the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the interior of the exhaust path by controlling the exhaust gas flow path in the vessel. The aforesaid exhaust path is constituted by connecting this vacuum pump, trap device, pre-filter and filter which are arranged in this order from the side of airtight vessel and connected through piping if required.

Abstract: An antiseptic cleansing composition comprising an antimicrobial agent, an effective amount of an alkylpolysaccharide surfactant, at least one alkyl alcohol and at least on aryl alcohol. Suitable surfactant alkylpolysaccharides may contain one or more sugar units selected from the group consisting of maltose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, gulose, idose, talose, allose, altrose, sucrose, fructose, sorbose, levulose, lactose, allulose, tagatose, alloheptulose, sedoheptulose, glucoheptulose, mannoheptulose, guloheptulose, idoheptulose, galactoheptulose, taloheptulose and derivatives thereof. Suitable antimicrobial agents include chlorohexidine, chlorohexidine salt, chlorophenol derivative, octenidindihydrochloride (CH3—(CH2)7—NHOH—(CH2)10—NO—NH(CH2)7—CH3) or any salt thereof, and quaternary ammonium compounds.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting wrinkling of sheets of material is provided. A change in an angle the sheet forms with a reference line can be detected. When the change in the angle exceeds a threshold value, wrinkling of the sheet can be detected. In an exemplary embodiment, ultrasound signals may be used to detect wrinkling. As ultrasound passes through a sheet of material, for example, paper, there is both a phase shift and an amplitude reduction to that ultrasound signal. As the angle of the sheet changes with respect to the ultrasound signal due to wrinkling of the sheet, the phase shift and amplitude of the signal after it passes through the sheet changes. Thus, as the sheet begins to wrinkle, there is a change in the phase shift and amplitude of the signal. These changes can be used to detect the start of a document jam or wrinkling of a sheet of material.