Abstract: A position measuring apparatus includes a radiation source mounted on an isolated reference frame and a two-dimensional radiation detector mounted adjacent the radiation source. The object whose position is to be detected has a retro-reflector mounted on it so as to reflect light emitted from the radiation source along a return path that is parallel to but displaced from the incident light path. The amount of displacement is dependent on the position of the object and is measured by the two-dimensional detector. Three such apparatus can be combined in a system to measure the position of the object in all six degrees of freedom.

Abstract: An audio system has a plurality of capabilities for processing an audio signal with visual indication of the capabilities by labels. In the audio system, an audio device such as amplifier and effector selectively provides the capabilities of processing an audio signal. A first storage device provisionally stores display data representative of labels corresponding to the capabilities. An editing device is operated to edit the display data so that the labels can be customized in association with the capabilities. A second storage device stores the edited display data. A selecting device selects one of the capabilities. A display device displays the label corresponding to the selected capability according to the display data stored in either of the first storage device and the second storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the isolation of polysaccharides, in particular for the separation of endotoxins from capsule polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria. The polysaccharides isolated by this method are preferably used for the production of polysaccharide vaccines. The invention furthermore relates to vaccines containing polysaccharides isolated by the method described in this invention.

Abstract: Rubber mixtures which contain an organosilane of the general structure 1R2R3Si—R4—Z (I), wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently of one another are H, (C1-C4)alkyl, (C1-C4)alkoxy or halogen and the number of alkyl groups is ?1; R4 is a linear or branched (C1-C18)alkylidene group; and Z=H, halogen, SCN, SH or Sx—R4—SiR1R2R3, where x is 2 to 10. The rubber mixtures are useful in molding compositions particularly for tires and tire treads.

Abstract: A wafer or substrate alignment system for a lithographic apparatus, capable of exhibiting reduced tilt sensitivity, is presented herein. In particular, the substrate alignment system detects a position of a substrate relative to a position of a patterning device and includes a source configured to generate an incoming optical beam, at least one grating, provided on the substrate, having a diffracting length, in which the at least one grating is configured to generate at least one diffraction order of constituent diffracted beams based on an interaction with the incoming optical beam over the diffracting length. The system further includes an optical device, configured to image the at least one diffracted order on a sensor device, and includes aperture at a predetermined location to allow the constituent diffracted beams to pass through.

Abstract: A laminated electronic component comprising: a plurality of parallel first conductive patterns, which are laminated via a magnetic layer to a plurality of parallel second conductive patterns, the first and second conductive patterns being alternately connected to each other via through-holes, thereby forming a spiral coil inside a laminated body, the axis of the spiral coil being parallel to a mount face; wherein the magnetic layer, provided between the plurality of first conductive patterns and the plurality of second conductive patterns, comprises non-magnetic sections which are provided at positions corresponding to ends of the conductive patterns and extend parallel to the axis of the coil, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes the steps of forming a first insulation film on a substrate by a spin-on process, applying a curing process to the first insulation film at a temperature of 380-500° C. over a duration of 5-180 seconds, and forming a second insulation film on the first insulation film by a spin-on process.

Abstract: An alternate method of designing and manufacturing a semiconductor pressure sensor inherently allows for significantly improved sensitivity, thereby allowing miniaturization of the sensor. As a result, the design lends itself to arranging the pressure sensors using this method in a two dimensional array, and measuring pressure distributions with very high lateral resolution. Furthermore, the design eliminates some of the processing complexities associated with the designs taught in the prior art, specifically those related to processes for manufacturing the plates of the parallel plate capacitor, or the piezoresistive strain elements. The invention allows the manufacture a two dimensional array of pressure sensors with very fine lateral resolution, which provides a much improved means over the prior art of recording fingerprints and the like.

Abstract: A biologically active lipid mobilizing agent for use in therapy is disclosed which has the properties and characteristics of a Zn-?2-glycoprotein, or of a fragment thereof having an apparent molecular mass Mr greater than 6.0 kDa as determined by gel exclusion chromatography. Methods of isolation and purification from biological material are also disclosed together with uses of the material for making up pharmaceutical compositions, especially pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating mammals to achieve weight reduction or for controlling obesity. In addition, uses of the material for developing diagnostic agents and for identifying inhibitors of lipolytic activity for therapeutic purposes are disclosed.

Abstract: A memory section stores values of the runout component, which are obtained in respective predetermined radial positions on the disk. A determining section selects, from the memory section, a value of the runout component corresponding to a target position. A runout detector uses, as an initial value for adaptive learning, the value of the runout component selected by the determining section, and calculates, by the adaptive learning, a value of the runout component contained in a position error between a head position and the target position. A feedforward controller calculates a feedforward value used to suppress the runout component calculated by the runout detector. A feedback controller calculates a feedback value from the position error. An adder generates, from the feedback value and the feedforward value, a control amount used to position the head in the target position.

Abstract: A lamp lighting device is arranged such that the optimum specifications of discharge lamps that may be mounted are integrated or entered in advance into a control circuit and the type of a discharge lamp mounted is manually or automatically presented to a microcomputer. This allows any of the discharge lamps to be driven under the optimum conditions at all times. As a result, lamp makers and lamp power can be selected relatively freely, making it possible to select discharge lamps by purpose. Furthermore, the cost, color, outgoing luminous flux and noise caused by a cooling fan can be set to user's better likings.

Abstract: A sensor for identifying fingerprints or other skin textures includes an array of cells each including a membrane switch. Each switch includes a fixed lower electrode disposed on a chip substrate, and a flexible membrane disposed over the lower electrode and capable of flexing downward to establish electrical contact between the lower electrode and an upper electrode. The upper electrode can form the membrane itself or a layer of the membrane, or can be attached to other membrane layers. Switches situated underneath skin ridges change state (e.g. are closed) by the applied pressure, while switches underneath skin valleys remain in their quiescent state (e.g. open). Adjacent switch chambers are connected by fluid tunnels which allow the passage of air between the chambers. Each chamber is substantially closed to the exterior of the sensor, such that particles from the environment cannot contaminate the switch contact surface defined between the switch electrodes.

Abstract: A system for automatically collecting and separating whole blood into its components is described. The system includes a console, which contains all motors, pumps, sensors, valves and control circuitry, and a unique disposable set that includes a cassette supporting a centrifuge with an improved design, pump interfaces with an improved design, component and solution bags, and tubing. Various processes are implemented using a specific disposable set for each process which allows automatic identification of the process to be performed the console.

Abstract: A system for making interconnections between an input/output module and a first device and a second device wherein the system uses standard cables and connectors. The input/output module includes a standard first connector for making connection with a standard first transmission line cable for conveying signals between the module and the first device, and at least one second connector, with such second connector connecting to a first end of a second standard cable. A second end of the second standard cable includes a standard cable connector for making connection to a corresponding connector of the second device. The input/output module is configured to contain programmable logic for making the required connections between the module and the first and second devices.

Abstract: A gasket includes a molded product containing a hydrocarbon-based organic elastic material and a fluorine-based resin having a vapor pressure of 1.3×10?8 Pa to 1.3 kPa at 100° C.

Abstract: A system and method for making an optical quality silicon surface on optical systems, including integrated optical waveguide device structures, is provided. A rough surface is formed through a dry etching process. Thermal oxide is grown on the surface either by a wet or dry oxidation process. A HF based solution is used to etch the grown oxide, reducing the surface roughness. The process may be performed repeatedly in order to obtain the desired amount of smoothness.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated nucleic acids encoding TfR2 polypeptides, or fragments thereof, and isolated TfR2 polypeptides encoded thereby. Further provided are vectors containing the nucleic acids of the present invention, host cells transformed therewith, antisense oligonucleotides thereto and compositions containing antibodies that specifically bind to invention polypeptides. Methods of detecting TfR2 protein in a cell are also provided.

Abstract: A coil for use in an actuator in a lithographic projection apparatus. The coil is formed of a strip of electrically conducting sheet-material that is wound round a winding axis. Respective turns of the strip of sheet-material are separated by an electrically non-conducting layer.