Abstract: A film feeding device for a camera uses first and second electric motors associated with first and second planetary gearing mechanisms, respectively. In one embodiment, the first motor and first planetary gearing mechanism drive a spool shaft of a film cartridge to supply film to a winding spool. The winding spool is driven by the second motor and second planetary gearing mechanism to wind film onto the winding spool, at which time the first motor is stopped and the first planetary gearing mechanism is automatically disconnected from the spool shaft. For rewinding, the second motor is operated in reverse and the second planetary gearing mechanism is automatically disconnected from the winding spool and connected to the spool shaft of the film cartridge.

Abstract: An eye examination apparatus comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for transmitting ultrasonic wave radiation to an area around an eye to be examined, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving the reflected wave radiation of the ultrasonic wave radiation, and a judging device for judging whether the eye to be examined is the right eye or the left eye based on the result of the reception by the ultrasonic receiver.

Abstract: In order to provide an electric power steering apparatus which can be made compact as well as reduced in cost and can be improved in reliability, a control circuit and a drive circuit are provided on a deformable flexible circuit substrate. The circuit substrate is provided on the housing of a reduction gear mechanism while being deformed so as to cover a portion of the outer surface of the housing along the shape of the outer surface.

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus employs light in two different wavelength bands for exposure of a photosensitive substrate and for alignment of the substrate with a mask, respectively. The mask has a window through which alignment light is passed to an alignment mark on the substrate and has a shield for preventing illumination of the alignment mark by exposure light. In one embodiment the position of the shield relative to the window is determined by magnification chromatic aberration of a projection optical system with regard to the alignment light. In another embodiment the path of the alignment light through the window is inclined relative to a line perpendicular to the mask and passes through a pupil of the projection optical system at a point deviated from the center of the pupil.

Abstract: An inclination detecting apparatus has an irradiating optical system for illuminating a substrate to be measured with parallel light flux diagonally, a condensing optical system for condensing the parallel light flux reflected by the substrate, a photoelectric detecting device for generating detection signals corresponding to a position of the parallel light flux condensed by the condensing optical system, a relative scanning device for scanning the parallel light flux emitted from the irradiating optical system to the substrate and the substrate relatively and a calculating circuit for obtaining information corresponding to an inclination of an average plane of a surface of the substrate by performing a statistical processing for the detection signals taken from the photoelectric detecting device in accordance with a relative scanning position of the parallel light flux and the substrate.

Abstract: This specification discloses an image movement correcting device for a photographing apparatus for appropriately judging a variation in the amount of image movement correction by the difference in the position of the center of rotation, and effecting accurate image movement correction. Any angular fluctuation of the optical axis of the photographing apparatus is detected by angular displacement detecting device, and when on the basis of the angular fluctuation, image movement correction on a photographing image field is effected by image movement correcting device, the amount of image movement correction by the image movement correcting device is varied in conformity with the position of the center of rotation discriminated by rotation center position discriminating device for discriminating the position of the center of rotation of the angular fluctuation during the photographing by the photographing apparatus.

Abstract: In an image edit apparatus for editing an image and outputting the edited image, an image can be easily edited without lowering the resolution of a printed image when the edited image is printed. A control portion controls the size of an image in correspondence with the resolution of a color printer when the image is pasted in an edit area. When an image stored in an image library is pasted on the edit area, the control portion performs conversion of the size (Lx, Ly) of the image to be pasted based on the numbers of pixels (Px, Py) of the image, the resolution (Ro) of the color printer, and the resolution (Rd) of an indication device.

Abstract: A scanning exposure method is arranged to illuminate a mask with light pulses and to synchronously scan the mask and a photosensitive substrate so as to effect scanning exposure of a pattern image of the mask on the photosensitive substrate, and comprises detecting energy amounts of light pulses illuminating the mask during the scanning exposure, successively calculating an integrated amount of light of the last N pulses (N is an integer more than one) for every unit pulse number, based on the energy amounts thus detected and adjusting an exposure dose on the photosensitive substrate in accordance with a sequence of integrated amounts of light thus calculated.

Abstract: A miniaturized ultrasonic motor comprises a stator having an elastic body on which a travelling oscillatory wave is generated and which is supported on a fixing unit in a manner that prevents rotation of the elastic body but permits axial movement of the elastic body. The travelling oscillatory wave rotates a rotor that contacts protruding portions of the elastic body, and the rotor rotates a driven body therewith. The driven body engages the rotor in a manner that constrains the driven body to rotate with the rotor but that permits relative axial movement of the driven body and the rotor body.

Abstract: In a roller type one-way clutch before an inner race contacts with rollers, the inner race is centered by a pad bearing, whereby it becomes unnecessary to use a special assembling jig and also the working property of assembly can be improved without increasing the number of steps of assembling the one-way clutch.

Abstract: A vibration driven motor can be driven with high torque at high rotation, and has a simple structure that can be manufactured easily. The motor may comprise a stator in a cylindrical form, a rotor disposed on the end surface of the stator and a pressing member for pressing the rotor on the stator with pressure, the stator may include a first piezoelectric electro-mechanical converting element for generating torsional vibration around the axis of the stator, a second electro-mechanical converting element for generating longitudinal vibration in the axial direction of the stator, and a pair of substantially semi-cylindrical vibration members, and the first or second piezoelectric element may be one or more plate-like members sandwiched by the vibration members of the stator.

Abstract: A zoom lens is composed of a first lens group of a negative refractive power, a second lens group of a positive refractive power and a third lens group of a positive refractive power, in which, in the zooming operation from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the distance between the first and second lens groups decreases and the distance between the second and third lens groups varies.

Abstract: An alignment device which may include an objective optical system for detecting the light from a first mark formed, for alignment, in a first mark area on a substrate and the light from a second mark formed, for alignment, in a second mark area, a first detection optical system having a first detection area within the viewing field of the objective optical system and adapted to detect the light from the first mark through the objective optical system, a second detection optical system having a second detection area, different from the first detection area, within the viewing field of the objective optical system and adapted to detect the light from the second mark through the objective optical system, and a focus detection system for detecting the deviation of the first mark area with respect to the focal plane of the first detection optical system and the deviation of the second mark area with respect to the focal plane of the second detection optical system, by irradiating the first and second detection are

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus has an illumination optical system for illuminating a mask, on which a predetermined pattern is formed, with light from a light source, a projection optical system for forming an image of the pattern of the mask on a photosensitive substrate, a mask stage for holding the mask and moving the mask within a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection optical system, a substrate stage for moving the photosensitive substrate within a plane conjugate to the plane with respect to the projection optical system, and imaging characteristic correction device for correcting an imaging characteristic of the projection optical system. The apparatus synchronously moves the mask and the photosensitive substrate along the optical axis of the projection optical system so as to expose the entire pattern surface of the mask.

Abstract: An automatic-focus camera has a focus lock system that stores focus adjusting information so that a photo-taking lens may be kept focused on an object during one or more exposures. The camera has a self timer, an automatic exposure system with different program modes, and has continuous as well as single-frame operating modes. The focus lock system, which has different focus lock modes, influences the manner in which various operations of the camera are performed.

Abstract: For a toroidal type continuously variable transmission, the end portion of a radial needle bearing provided for a trunnion is protruded from the inner face of the trunnion. Also, the inner face of the trunnion is made substantially flat. Therefore, the processing of the trunnion is made easy, and the holder of the thrust needle bearing can be easily positioned simultaneously. Also, the structure is arranged to enable the recess formed on the trunnion to engage with the extrusion formed on the holder, thus preventing any plane pressure from being exerted excessively on the rolling surface of the needles of the thrust needle bearing, as well as preventing the needles from falling out of the pockets of the holder.

Abstract: An image data recording method in a digital still video camera capable of selecting one of the single shot mode for photographing and recording only a single image and the sequential shot mode for sequentially photographing and recording a plurality of images comprises the steps of distinguishing whether a recorded image was photographed in the single shot mode or in the sequential shot mode, giving a file name correspondingly to the photographed image, and recording the photographed image. File names for each single shot image may be stored at a given hierarchy level. A name (e.g., a subdirectory name) representative of a plurality of sequential shot images may be stored at the same level as the single shot file names and file names of the sequential shot images stored under the representative name at a different hierarchy level.

Abstract: Recent UV-lithography is required to provide a fine and sharp pattern with a line width of 0.5 .mu.m or less. The present invention provides a silica glass member adapted for use as an optical element for UV-lithography, by giving consideration to the RMS value of wave front aberration and the slant element of refractive index, which have not been considered in the art. Also, there is provided a silica glass member excellent in durability to the ultraviolet irradiation, by introduction of hydrogen molecules at the synthesis of the silica glass, instead of using a secondary treatment for hydrogen introduction.