Abstract: A measuring system for photoelectrically scanning measurement points of a measurement object includes a lighting channel (21-24) for applying illuminating light to the measurement object (M) disposed in a measurement plane (MP) and a measuring channel (11-13) for capturing and photoelectrically converting the measurement light reflected by the measurement points of the measurement object M. The lighting channel and/or the measuring channel is configured so as to detect the reflection properties of the measurement points in several wavelength bands. The lighting channel (21-24) has a spatial light modulator controlled by an electronic control unit (40) for generating a spatial lighting pattern which causes illuminating light to be selectively applied to measurements points (25) of interest of the measurement object (M).

Abstract: In a pattern measuring unit installed in a coating and developing treatment system, the height of a pattern formed on a substrate is measured using the Scatterometry method. Based on the measured height of the pattern, an appropriate number of rotations of the substrate during application of a coating solution is calculated, so that the rotation of the substrate during the application is controlled by the calculated number of rotations of the substrate. Since the number of rotations of the substrate when the coating solution is applied to the substrate is controlled, it is unnecessary to stop the system which performs photolithography processing on the substrate, resulting in improved productivity of the substrate.

Abstract: With a measuring instrument for measuring sample particles moving in a cuvette, for example for measuring a zeta potential or the Brownian size the particles, with a filling device for filling and an emptying device for emptying the cuvette mounted on the ends thereof and with devices for irradiating and for monitoring the particles, it is problematical always to position the cuvette correctly or in a defined manner relative to the direction of radiation and to the monitoring device. To resolve this problem, it is proposed that the cuvette member is mounted by means of a cuvette bearing and the filling and the emptying device are fastened exclusively to the cuvette in such a way that the position of the cuvette relative to the surroundings thereof is determined and defined exclusively by the cuvette bearing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an exemplary photoelectric sensor having an emitting portion for emitting light toward a target and a receiving portion for receiving, through a receive lens, reflected light that is at least some of the emitted light that is reflected by the target. The sensor further includes a refraction block having a block first surface and a block second surface wherein the reflected light received from the receive lens is refracted by at least one of the block first surface and the block second surface as it passes through the refraction block. The sensor also includes a photodetector for receiving the reflected light refracted by the refraction block and provides a detection signal indicative of the reflected light received.

Abstract: According to the invention, to measure an object (32), for example a hollow, translucent or transparent sphere with respect to a visible light, using Snell-Descartes laws, relating to the propagation of light through the object, an equation is established which associates optogeometric parameters of the object with the result of an observation performed directly on an image of the object, said image being acquired by observing said object, by single-view optical shadowgraphy, said image is acquired, the observation is performed, and at least one geometric or optical parameter of the object is determined using the equation and the result of the observation.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for scanning a circuit structure. The apparatus has a linear sensor (16) for detecting light intensity as a function of position along the sensor. A transport mechanism (12) moves a circuit structure (10), such as a PCB or a wafer relative to the sensor. The circuit structure is illuminated with an illumination system (14) that comprises a hollow cylinder (144) with a mainly diffusively and/or specularly reflecting inner wall surface. The cylinder is arranged in parallel with the sensor and has a first slit (40) and a second slit (42) located so that a virtual plane runs through the sensor, the first and second slit to a location for the circuit structure under inspection. The illumination system furthermore comprises a linear light source (146) in the cylinder or the inner wall of the cylinder. In an embodiment the illumination system comprises a splitting mirror (22) in the cylinder to reflect light to the circuit structure.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an encoder in a lithographic apparatus, the encoder including a sensor and a grating, the encoder configured to measure a position of a moveable support of the lithographic apparatus, the method including measuring a position of the moveable support using an interferometer; and calibrating the encoder based on the position of the moveable support measured by the interferometer.

Abstract: A gas sensor for measuring at least one gas concentration, in particular for a vehicle climate control system, having a substrate, an IR radiation source fastened on the substrate, an IR detector fastened on the substrate, a measurement chamber for receiving a gas having the gas concentration that is to be measured, a shielding device situated in the measurement chamber between the IR radiation source and the IR detector, for shielding a direct transmission of IR radiation from the IR radiation source to the IR detector along an optical axis, and a reflective surface that has a concavely curved first mirrored area for receiving the IR radiation emitted by the IR radiation source, and that has a concavely curved second mirrored area that reflects the IR radiation to the IR detector, the measurement chamber being formed between the reflective surface and the substrate.

Abstract: An optical measuring device is provided. The optical measuring device irradiates a sample flowing in a channel with light, and detecting light emitted from the sample, wherein the light is applied while scanned at least from one side wall to another side wall of the channel in a direction of width of the channel, and scattered light at a preset threshold value or higher is detected as scattered light from edge parts in the direction of width of the channel.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein may include devices and methods of manufacturing sensors for monitoring physiological parameters of a patient. Specifically, embodiments disclose the use of conductive and nonconductive coating materials to increase comfort of sensor and increase accuracy of the parameters measured. The sensor may include a flexible circuit and an optical device with an active face. A generally opaque, nonconductive coating may be disposed over the optical device, except for the active face, which allows for passage of light to the active face. The nonconductive coating may comprise a medical grade silicone of a specified thickness. A second conductive layer may be disposed on a portion of the conductive layer, to provide a Faraday shield for the optical device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measurement of the stress in and thickness of the walls of glass containers is disclosed that uses fluorescence to quickly and accurately ascertain both the thickness of the stress layers and the wall thickness in addition to the stress curve in glass containers. The apparatus and method may be used to quickly and accurately measure both the stress in and the thickness of the side walls of glass containers throughout the circumference of the glass containers. The apparatus and method are adapted for large scale glass container manufacturing, and are capable of high speed measurement of the stress in and the thickness of the side walls of glass containers.

Abstract: Methods for providing compensation for non-uniform response of a light source and wavelength detector subsystem of a chromatic point sensor (CPS) are provided. Light from the light source is input into an optical path that bypasses the measurement path through a CPS optical pen and provides the bypass light to the wavelength detector to provide a raw intensity profile distributed over the pixels of detector. The resulting set of raw intensity profile signals are analyzed to determine a set of error compensation factors for wavelength-dependent intensity variations that occur in the raw intensity profile signals. Later, the error compensation factors may be applied to reduce distortions and asymmetries that may otherwise occur in the shape of the signals in the peak region of CPS distance measurement profile signal data. The disclosed methods may provide enhanced accuracy, robustness, field-testing, and interchangeability for CPS components, in various embodiments.

Abstract: A foreign-matter inspection apparatus is implemented which allows the stable detection sensitivity to be maintained. A laser beam emitted from a laser apparatus is applied to a beam irradiation sample via an irradiation unit and a mirror. Then, the laser beam is captured into a beam-capturing camera via an image-forming lens and a beam-direction switching mirror. Based on the captured beam image, an image computational processing unit judges inclination of the laser beam, then adjusting the irradiation unit thereby to correct the inclination of the laser beam. Also, the beam is captured into the beam-capturing camera in specified number-of-times while focus of the laser beam is being changed by an arbitrary amount by the irradiation unit. Based on the captured beam, the focus of the laser beam is corrected by adjusting the irradiation unit.

Abstract: A reagentless whole-blood analyte detection system that is capable of being deployed near a patient has a source capable of emitting a beam of radiation that includes a spectral band. The whole-blood system also has a detector in an optical path of the beam. The whole-blood system also has a housing that is configured to house the source and the detector. The whole-blood system also has a sample element that is situated in the optical path of the beam. The sample element has a sample cell and a sample cell wall that does not eliminate transmittance of the beam of radiation in the spectral band.

Abstract: A surface inspection apparatus capable of acquiring scattered light intensity distribution information for each scattering azimuth angle, and detecting foreign matters and defects with high sensitivity. A concave mirror for condensation and another concave mirror for image formation are used to cope with a broad cubic angle. Since mirrors for condensation and image formation are used, a support for clamping the periphery of a lens is unnecessary, and an effective aperture area does not decrease. A plurality of azimuth-wise detection optical systems is disposed and reflected light at all azimuths can be detected by burying the entire periphery without calling for specific lens polishing. A light signal unification unit sums digital data from a particular system corresponding to a scattering azimuth designated in advance in the systems for improving an S/N ratio.

Abstract: A total transmission spectroscopy system for use in determining the analyte concentration in a fluid sample comprises a sample cell receiving area, a light source, a collimating lens, a first lens, a second lens, and a detector. The sample cell receiving area is adapted to receive a sample to be analyzed. The sample cell receiving area is constructed of a substantially optically clear material. The collimating lens is adapted to receive light from the light source and adapted to illuminate the sample cell receiving area with a substantially collimated beam of light. The first lens is adapted to receive regular and scattered light transmitted through the sample at a first angle of divergence. The first lens receives light having a first angle of acceptance. The first lens outputs light having a second angle of divergence. The second angle of divergence is less than the first angle of divergence.

Abstract: This invention provides a coaxial regressive reflection type photoelectronic sensor capable of enhancing detection accuracy. A sensor head includes a light emitting diode for emitting a detection light; a lens for converting the detection light to a parallel light and projecting the parallel light to an exterior as an external detection light; a half mirror for separating an optical path of the detection light and an optical path of a return light from the regressive reflection plate; and a photodiode for receiving the return light from the half mirror. The lens includes a convex surface formed to convert a signal light to a parallel light, and a plane tilted from a perpendicular direction with respect to the parallel light or an axis connecting a light emitting diode chip and a center portion of the convex surface. The reflected light of an external signal light at the plane passes a path different from that of the return light so as to be avoided from entering the photodiode chip.

Abstract: A jig for measuring an object shape includes a plate having a first surface and a second surface opposed to the first plate and two reference balls fixed to the plate, each ball surface being exposed on both the first and second surfaces. A reference plane is fixed to the plate, the reference plane having a first plane and a second plane that are parallel to each other, the first and second planes being exposed on the first and second surfaces of the plate, respectively. An object-holding portion is fixed to the plate, the object-holding portion having a hole passing through the plate, the object-holding portion being able to hold an object in the hole with the front and back surfaces of the object being exposed on the first and second surfaces of the plate, respectively.

Abstract: Methods for evaluation of fish oil, oils, omega-3 fatty acid compositions, and dietary supplements containing omega-3 essential fatty acids and other fats are provided herein. The relative purity and/or concentration of oil-containing aliquots can be determined by cooling approximately equal volumes of two or more aliquots to a temperature near or below 0 degrees Celsius. When cooled, the most opaque aliquots are the least pure. The invention also provide a method for determining whether an omega-3 fatty acid supplement is greater than 90% pure, which includes cooling the supplement to less than 0 degrees Celsius and a determining that the supplement is 90% pure if its appearance is essentially unchanged from its appearance and room temperature.

Abstract: An optical sample is mounted on a spatial-acquisition apparatus that is placed in or on an enclosure. An incident beam is irradiated on a surface of the sample and the specular reflection is allowed to escape from the enclosure through an opening. The spatial-acquisition apparatus is provided with a light-occluding slider that moves in front of the sample to block portions of diffuse scattering from the sample. As the light-occluding slider moves across the front of the sample, diffuse light scattered into the area of the backside of the light-occluding slider is absorbed by back side surface of the light-occluding slider. By measuring a baseline diffuse reflectance without a light-occluding slider and subtracting measured diffuse reflectance with a light-occluding slider therefrom, diffuse reflectance for the area blocked by the light-occluding slider can be calculated.