Abstract: A method for replacing the address of some bad bytes (bad columns) of the data area and the spare area to the good address of bytes (good columns) in non-volatile storage system is disclosed. The steps of the method are: waiting for a command from a host; judging if there is still some data to be processed; if no, go back to the previous step; if yes, go to next step; judging if a bad column is used; if no, process data access and go back to the step of judging if there is still some data to be processed; and if yes, process data accessing as original operation and increase the address by one.

Abstract: A method for improving performance of a few data access on a large area in non-volatile storage device is disclosed. The steps are: dividing data stored in a storage buffer to a L side with size of L-byte, a M side with size of M-byte, and a dummy with a predetermined size; The controller reads out the M side and storing in the RAM corresponding to the M side; updating a new data at the L-side from a host; combining the new dada and the data at M-side to become a present data; sending the present data to the storage buffer; and combining the present data and the data at the dummy side to become a final data, and programming the final data.

Abstract: A package having ESD (electrostatic discharge) and EMI (electromagnetic interference) preventing functions includes: a substrate unit having a ground structure and an I/O structure disposed therein; at least a semiconductor component disposed on a surface of the substrate unit and electrically connected to the ground structure and the I/O structure; an encapsulant covering the surface of the substrate unit and the semiconductor component; and a metal layer disposed on exposed surfaces of the encapsulant and side surfaces of the substrate unit and electrically insulated from the ground structure, thereby protecting the semiconductor component against ESD and EMI so as to improve the product yield and reduce the risk of short circuits.

Abstract: A method for performing block management is provided. The method is applied to a controller of a Flash memory, where the Flash memory includes a plurality of blocks. The method includes: adjusting a dynamic threshold according to at least one condition; and comparing a valid/invalid page count of a specific block of the plurality of blocks with the dynamic threshold to determine whether to erase the specific block. An associated memory device and a controller thereof are also provided, where the memory device includes the Flash memory and the controller. In particular, the controller includes a read only memory (ROM) arranged to store a program code, and further includes a microprocessor arranged to execute the program code to control access to the Flash memory and manage the plurality of blocks, where under control of the microprocessor, the controller operates according to the method.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transmit-receive (TR) front end. The TR front end comprises a low-noise amplifier (LNA); a power amplifier (PA); a transformer, coupled to the PA, for increasing a voltage swing and a power transmission of the PA; and a TR switch, coupled to the transformer at a first end and coupled to the LNA at a second end, wherein the second end is capable of being coupled to an antenna; wherein the LNA is single ended and there is no transformer between the LNA and the TR switch.

Abstract: A transceiver includes: a first transforming network arranged for using a first input impedance to receive a first modulated signal and using a first output impedance to output a first transformed signal during a transmitting mode of a first communication standard, and for using the first input impedance to receive a second modulated signal and using a second output impedance to output a second transformed signal during the transmitting mode of a second communication standard; a second transforming network arranged for using a second input impedance to receive the second transformed signal and using a third output impedance to output a first RF signal to a connecting port of the transceiver during the transmitting mode of the second communication standard; a power amplifier, arranged to generate a second RF signal; and a switching circuit for selectively coupling the second transformed signal to the second transforming network.

Abstract: A scramble random seed prediction method with the storage device built-in data copy back procedure is disclosed. The method may predict a scramble random seed before first time programming. The data may be programmed with the scramble random seed based on the pager number of the block B, not block A, before programming data to block A. After data is moved from block A to block B with the storage device built-in data copy back procedure, the data in block B may be have the best scramble random seed. Therefore, compared to the conventional method of scrambling data or data movement, the moved data of this invention may be much more stable with the storage device data copy back procedure.

Abstract: A data storage device with flash memory and a flash memory control method are disclosed, which upload the physical-to-logical address mapping information of one block to the flash memory section by section. A microcontroller is configured to allocate a flash memory to provide a first run-time write block. Between a first write operation and a second write operation of the first run-time write block, the microcontroller updates a logical-to-physical address mapping table in accordance with just part of a first physical-to-logical address mapping table. The logical-to-physical address mapping table is provided within the flash memory. The first physical-to-logical address mapping table is established in the random access memory to record logical addresses corresponding to physical addresses of one block.

Abstract: A data storage device with flash memory and a flash memory control method are disclosed, in which the flash memory includes multi-level cells (MLCs) and single-level cells (SLCs). A microcontroller is configured to use the random access memory to cache data issued from the host before writing the data into the flash memory. The microcontroller is further configured to allocate the blocks of the flash memory to provide a first run-time write block containing multi-level cells and a second run-time write block containing single-level cells. Under control of the microcontroller, each physical page of data uploaded from the random access memory to the first run-time write block contains sequential data, and random data cached in the random access memory to form one physical page is written into the second run-time write block.

Abstract: A data storage device with flash memory and a flash memory control method are disclosed, in which the flash memory includes multi-level cells (MLCs) and single-level cells (SLCs). A microcontroller is configured to establish a first physical-to-logical address mapping table (F2H table) in a random access memory (RAM) for a first run-time write block containing MLCs. The microcontroller is further configured to establish a second F2H table in the RAM for a second run-time write block containing SLCs. When data that was previously stored in the first run-time write block with un-uploaded mapping information in the first F2H table is updated into the second run-time write block, the microcontroller is configured to update a logical-to-physical address mapping table (H2F table) in accordance with the first F2H table. The H2F table is provided within the flash memory.

Abstract: A data storage device and a flash memory control method with high efficiency are disclosed. The random access memory of the data storage device is allocated to provide a collection and update area for logical-to-physical address mapping tables that correspond to logical addresses recorded into the physical-to-logical address mapping table. When recording a logical address corresponding to a new logical-to-physical address mapping table that has not appeared in the collection and update area into the physical-to-logical address mapping table, the microcontroller of the data storage device is configured to collect the new logical-to-physical address mapping table into the collection and update area and perform an update of the new logical-to-physical address mapping table within the collection and update area.

Abstract: A data storage device and a flash memory control method with a power recovery design. A microcontroller is configured to allocate a flash memory to provide a first block from the blocks to work as a run-time write block for reception of write data. During a power recovery process due to an unexpected power-off event that interrupted write operations on the first block, the microcontroller is configured to allocate the flash memory to provide a second block from the blocks for complete data recovery of the first block and to replace the first block as the run-time write block.

Abstract: A data storage device and a flash memory control method with high erasing efficiency are disclosed. A microcontroller is configured to maintain a plurality of logical-to-physical address mapping tables and a link table on a flash memory to record mapping information between a host and the flash memory. The link table indicates positions of the plurality of logical-to-physical address mapping tables, and each entry in the link table corresponds to one logical-to-physical address mapping table. When erasing user data of logical addresses corresponding to N logical-to-physical address mapping tables, the microcontroller is configured to invalidate N entries corresponding to the N logical-to-physical address mapping tables in the link table, where N is an integer.

Abstract: A method for replacing the address of some bad bytes (bad columns) of the data area and the spare area to the good address of bytes (good columns) in non-volatile storage system is disclosed. The steps of the method are: waiting for a command from a host; judging if there is still some data to be processed; if no, go back to the previous step; if yes, go to next step; judging if a bad column is used; if no, process data access and go back to the step of judging if there is still some data to be processed; and if yes, process data accessing as original operation and increase the address by one.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transmit-receive (TR) front end. The TR front end includes a low-noise amplifier (LNA); a power amplifier (PA); a transformer, coupled to the PA, for increasing a voltage swing and a power transmission of the PA; and a TR switch, coupled between the transformer and the LNA. The LNA is single ended and there is no transformer between the LNA and the TR switch.

Abstract: A semiconductor package is provided, including: a substrate having at least a conductive pad; a semiconductor element disposed on the substrate; a conductive adhesive formed on top and side surfaces of the semiconductor element and extending to the conductive pad; and an electronic element disposed on the conductive adhesive. The conductive adhesive and the conductive pad form a shielding structure so as to prevent electromagnetic interference from occurring between the semiconductor element and the electronic element.

Abstract: A corneal cover or corneal implant to be placed within or onto the surface of the cornea is made of bony fish scales and a contact lens is made of bony fish scales.

Abstract: A transceiver includes: a first transforming network arranged for using a first input impedance to receive a first modulated signal and using a first output impedance to output a first transformed signal during a transmitting mode of a first communication standard, and for using the first input impedance to receive a second modulated signal and using a second output impedance to output a second transformed signal during the transmitting mode of a second communication standard; a second transforming network arranged for using a second input impedance to receive the second transformed signal and using a third output impedance to output a first RF signal to a connecting port of the transceiver during the transmitting mode of the second communication standard; a power amplifier, arranged to generate a second RF signal; and a switching circuit for selectively coupling the second transformed signal to the second transforming network.

Abstract: An electronic package is provided, which includes: a substrate; at least an electronic element disposed on the substrate; an antenna structure disposed on the substrate; and an encapsulant formed on the substrate for encapsulating the electronic element and the antenna structure. Therein, the antenna structure has an extension portion and a plurality of support portions connected to the extension portion for supporting the extension portion over the substrate so as to save the surface area of the substrate, thereby meeting the miniaturization requirement of the electronic package.

Abstract: An electronic package structure is provided, including a substrate, a package encapsulant disposed on the substrate, and an antenna structure corresponding to a disposing area of the package encapsulant and having a first extension layer, a second extension layer disposed on the substrate, and a connection portion disposed between and electrically connected to the first extension layer and the second extension layer. Through the formation of the antenna structure on the disposing area of the package encapsulant, the substrate is not required to be widen, and, as such, the electronic package structure meets the miniaturization requirement.