Abstract: In a method for estimating an entrance angle of a V-ribbed belt from a flat pulley to a V-ribbed pulley, the entrance angle is estimated easily at a stage of pulley layout design. The V-ribbed belt 10 forms a track which enters at an entrance angle of approximately zero degree (substantially perpendicular to a plane that includes an axis 3a of rotation) into the flat pulley 3, is wound along the outer peripheral face of the flat pulley 3 without deviating in the axial direction thereof, and extends substantially linearly from a winding end point c at the flat pulley 3 to a winding start point d at a drive pulley 1. The entrance angle ? of the V-ribbed belt 10 from the flat pulley 3 to the drive pulley 1 is obtained on the basis of the track of the V-ribbed belt by, for example, a three-dimensional CAD or the like.

Abstract: Current density in an insulated gate bipolar transistor (L-IGBT) may be increased by adding a second gate, and the corresponding MOS transistors, to the source area, which increases the base current compared to a L-IGBT with a single MOS gate. The current density may be further increased by extending the base of the bipolar transistor in the L-IGBT vertically to the bottom surface of the silicon on insulator (SOI) film in which the L-IGBT is fabricated. Adding a buffer diffused region around the sinks in the source improves the base current spatial uniformity, which improves the safe operating area (SOA) of the L-IGBT. A L-IGBT of either polarity may be formed with the inventive configurations. A method of forming the inventive L-IGBT is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. The apparatus generally comprises a photoreceptive region and a circuit region formed in a substrate. A multilayer wiring region is then formed on the substrate over at least a portion of the circuit region. The multilayer wiring region includes a wiring layer and a light-blocking layer. The wiring layer is coupled to the circuit region, and the light-blocking wall has a metal layer that is arranged along at least a portion of the perimeter of the photoreceptive region and that is formed in the same process step as the wiring layer.

Abstract: [Problems to be Solved] By lowering the degree of close contact between a flat belt and the pulley surface of a pulley, it is possible to avoid production of separation noises, which sound “ji ji”. By increasing the coefficient of friction of the flat belt, it is possible to realize low-load transmission. [Means for Solution] The flat belt (1) consists of an upper rubber layer (2), a core layer (3), and an under rubber layer (4) which are laminated in order. The core layer (3) consists of adhesive rubber (3a) and a core cord (3b) which is wound spirally in the rubber. The upper belt surface (2a) and the under belt surface (4a) as belt transmission surfaces are rough rubber surfaces with fine irregularities. The rough rubber surfaces are formed by means of a vulcanization mold (11) or a vulcanization molding rubber sleeve (18) which has a shotblasted molding surface (sleeve surface), without post-working after the vulcanization molding.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a thyristor SCR with reduced turn-off time. A third semiconductor region of the second conductivity type (anode AN) and a fourth semiconductor region of the first conductivity type (anode gate AG) are formed in the top layer of a first semiconductor region; fifth semiconductor region of the first conductivity type (cathode CA) and sixth semiconductor region of the second conductivity type (cathode gate CG) are formed in the top layer of a second semiconductor region; a gate insulating film and gate electrode MG are formed on the second semiconductor region. When the thyristor is turned off from the on state, a higher potential than that on the anode is applied to the anode gate, and a diode made up of the anode and the anode gate inside the thyristor is made to conduct so as to control the potential of the anode during driving.

Abstract: The objective of this invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a thyristor that can shorten the turn-off time. A first electroconductive type first semiconductor region 20 is formed on a substrate, and a second electroconductive type second semiconductor region 22, a second electroconductive type third semiconductor region 23, designated as an anode, and a first electroconductive type fourth semiconductor region 24, designated as an anode gate, are formed on the surface layer part of the first semiconductor region. Also, a first electroconductive type fifth semiconductor region 26, designated as a cathode, and a second electroconductive type sixth semiconductor region 25, designated as a cathode gate, are formed on the surface layer part of the second semiconductor region.

Abstract: In a method for estimating an entrance angle of a V-ribbed belt from a flat pulley to a V-ribbed pulley, the entrance angle is estimated easily at a stage of pulley layout design. The V-ribbed belt 10 forms a track which enters at an entrance angle of approximately zero degree (substantially perpendicular to a plane that includes an axis 3a of rotation) into the flat pulley 3, is wound along the outer peripheral face of the flat pulley 3 without deviating in the axial direction thereof, and extends substantially linearly from a winding end point c at the flat pulley 3 to a winding start point d at a drive pulley 1. The entrance angle ? of the V-ribbed belt 10 from the flat pulley 3 to the drive pulley 1 is obtained on the basis of the track of the V-ribbed belt by, for example, a three-dimensional CAD or the like.

Abstract: A system and method for evaluating a material body by a scattered light observation system which observes a gel state or a gel-formable sol state material body illuminated with a coherent light through a two dimensional image recognizing means, including measuring a gel state or a change in sol-gel state of said material body using a light section formed on an image forming surface or conditions of a speckle pattern.

Abstract: A power transmission belt is formed so that the back face side of a belt body is covered with a reinforced fabric woven with warps and wefts. In the reinforced fabric, the direction of warps and the direction of wefts make equal angles with the belt widthwise direction, and each of two directions of consecutive yarn intersections of the warps and wefts formed to stand out from the belt surface makes a certain angle with the belt widthwise direction.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to solve the problems regarding the quality control of processed products (including packaged products and intermediate products during production processes) by establishing a non-destructive and non-contact type method for the measurement of gel state of a material body and a change in sol-gel state of the material body, and thereby to provide a quick automatic inspection system by which 100% inspection can be carried out easily and inexpensively on the production line. The problem is solved by observing an image formation or speckle pattern of a light section formed on the surface or observing face of the material body, using a light scattering observation system in which a coherent light (e.g.

Abstract: A method and system for charging a customer for repeated use of a digital content item. The system charges the customer for each use of the item until the total charge for the item reaches a predetermined charge limit. Once the total charge has reached the charge limit, the system grants the customer unlimited use of the item and waives further charges to the customer.

Abstract: A power transmission belt is formed so that the back face side of a belt body is covered with a reinforced fabric woven with warps and wefts. In the reinforced fabric, the direction of warps and the direction of wefts make equal angles with the belt widthwise direction, and each of two directions of consecutive yarn intersections of the warps and wefts formed to stand out from the belt surface makes a certain angle with the belt widthwise direction.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a method of manufacturing diodes, said method being a method of manufacturing semiconductor devices whereby an insulating film as the upper layer of the diode can be removed without causing film peeling or leakage. A photodiode is formed by forming a semiconductor layer of a second conduction type 12 upon the surface layer of a semiconductor layer of a first conduction type 11, and next forming a removable mask layer 30 which has etching selectivity with respect to the semiconductor layer of a second conduction type, or alternately, forming an anti-reflection film AR upon the top layer of the semiconductor layer of a second conduction type and then forming a removable mask layer which has etching selectivity with respect to the anti-reflection film. Next, a removable insulating layer I which has etching selectivity with respect to the mask layer is formed upon the top layer of the mask layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a belt tooth portion 11 of a toothed belt 8 incorporated in a toothed belt power transmission apparatus for use in equipment for business use. The belt tooth portion 11 comprises tooth root portions 12 formed of circularly arcuate surfaces which are arranged symmetrically with each other in respect to a centerline C2 in the tooth width direction, power transmission portions 13 formed of circularly arcuate surfaces of convex profile which contiguously adjoin the tooth root portions 12 and are arranged symmetrically with each other in respect to the tooth width direction centerline C2, tooth tip portions 14 formed of circularly arcuate surfaces which contiguously adjoin the power transmission portions 13 and are arranged symmetrically with each other in respect to the tooth width direction centerline C2, and a tooth crest surface 15 formed of an approximately flat surface which interconnects the tooth tip portions 14.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a method of manufacturing diodes, said method being a method of manufacturing semiconductor devices whereby an insulating film as the upper layer of the diode can be removed without causing film peeling or leakage. A photodiode is formed by forming a semiconductor layer of a second conduction type 12 upon the surface layer of a semiconductor layer of a first conduction type 11, and next forming a removable mask layer 30 which has etching selectivity with respect to the semiconductor layer of a second conduction type, or alternately, forming an anti-reflection film AR upon the top layer of the semiconductor layer of a second conduction type and then forming a removable mask layer which has etching selectivity with respect to the anti-reflection film. Next, a removable insulating layer I which has etching selectivity with respect to the mask layer is formed upon the top layer of the mask layer.

Abstract: The tension member for a belt of this invention is made from a glass cord. First twist yarns of this glass cord are obtained by paralleling and twisting a plurality of fiber bundles, each including a large number of glass filaments, by a predetermined first twist number. The fiber bundles are previously soaked with a treatment liquid including a mixture of rubber latex and an initial condensation product of resorcinol and formalin as a main component and then heated. The glass cord is fabricated by paralleling a predetermined number of the first twist yarns and twisting them by a predetermined final twist number, so as to squeeze and substantially eliminating spaces among the first twist yarns. Accordingly, the belt including this glass cord as the tension member can achieve good water resistance because externally intruding water is prevented from being held within the belt.

Abstract: An energy supply system for supplying, in system interconnection, power received at a power receiving equipment from a power plant and power generated by a fuel cell to a power consuming installation, and supplying heat generated by the fuel cell to a heat consuming installation. This system includes an operation amount computing device for computing an amount of operation of the fuel cell to minimize an equation y=aXL+bXM+cXN, in response to an energy demand of the power consuming installation and heat consuming installation. A control device controls the fuel cell to satisfy the amount of operation computed. The system supplies energy in optimal conditions with respect to the cost borne by an energy consumer, consumption of primary energy, and release of environmental pollutants. Energy is effectively used from the standpoint of the energy consumer and a national point of view.