Abstract: A foam production method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with a foaming material to produce foam. A gas is produced in situ from liquid nitrogen. As the ratio of the volume of the gas produced by gasification of liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen is relatively high, when a large gas supply flow is needed to generate a large foam flow, a liquid nitrogen storage device of a small volume can be used instead of bulky air supply devices such as high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, air compressor sets and the like, reducing the volume of the air supply device. In addition, the liquid nitrogen used in foaming will release nitrogen gas after the foam blast, such that the nitrogen is also able to inhibit combustion on the surface of burning materials, accelerating the extinguishing of the fire.

Abstract: A split-type friction stir welding head with an adjustable stirring pin length includes a stirring head housing, where a clamping handle and a detachable stirring pin are successively mounted in the stirring head housing towards a welding direction, the clamping handle is provided with external threads on a periphery thereof and in drive connection with an adjusting plate through threads, the adjusting plate is limited, fixed and mounted in the stirring head housing, and a pore-diameter-adjustable aperture shoulder is mounted between a bottom of the stirring head housing and the detachable stirring pin in order to compensate for an outside gap between a stirring pin channel of the stirring head housing and the detachable stirring pin.

Abstract: The present application relates to computer-based preoperative planning technology, and discloses a preoperative planning method for multimodal ablation treatment and apparatus thereof, which can automatically provide objective, scientific, and quantitative multimodal ablation planning information. In this method, acquiring parameters of an volume to be ablated; calculating property changes of the tissue caused by performing freezing on the volume according to the parameters of the volume to be ablated, and acquiring a first planning data required for the property changes of the tissue to satisfy a first predetermined condition; further calculating property changes of the tissue caused by performing heating on the volume to acquire a second planning data required for the property changes of the tissue to satisfy a second predetermined condition based on the properties satisfying the first predetermined condition; outputting the first planning data and the second planning data.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a micron silver particle-reinforced 316L stainless steel matrix composite, including a 316L stainless steel matrix and silver particles uniformly distributed in the 316L stainless steel matrix. The silver particles have a weight 1% to 5% of the total weight of the composite; and the composite has a density of 7.9 g/cm3 to 8.2 g/cm3 and a relative density of more than 98%. The composite is prepared by the following method: mixing raw materials of a spherical silver powder and a spherical 316L stainless steel powder; subjecting a resulting mixture to mechanical ball milling to obtain a mixed powder; sieving the mixed powder and adding a resulting powder to a powder cylinder of an SLM forming machine; and charging an inert protective gas for printing to obtain the composite.

Abstract: An airflow sensing seat comprises a seat body (1), an airbag (2), a sensing assembly (3), and a micro control unit (4). The airbag (2) is provided in the seat body (1). A deformable support structure (21) is provided in the airbag (2). The support structure (21) is used to maintain an appropriate amount of gas in the airbag (2). A transmission mechanism (5) is provided between the airbag (2) and the sensing assembly (3). The transmission mechanism (5) is used to transmit gas disturbance in the airbag (2) to the sensing assembly (3). The sensing assembly (3) is used to generate a corresponding analog electrical signal according to the gas disturbance. The sensing assembly (3) is electrically connected to the micro control unit (4). The sensing assembly (3) transmits the analog electrical signal to the micro control unit (4). The micro control unit (4) is used to perform analysis and computation on the analog electrical signal so as to acquire a biological signal of a user.

Abstract: A bottle preform heating apparatus includes a cavity, a top cover and multiple heating lamps. A first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity are formed in the cavity. The first receiving cavity is cylindrical. The second receiving cavity is connected to a side surface of the first receiving cavity. Each heating lamp includes a lamp tube and a lamp base. The lamp tube includes an arc portion and two connection portions. An end of each connection portion is connected to the lamp base. Another end of the each connection portion is connected to an end of the arc portion. The arc portion is disposed in the first receiving cavity. The two connection portions and the lamp base are disposed in the second receiving cavity. The top cover is disposed on top of the cavity. The top cover is provided with a first through hole.

Abstract: A heat treatment device for a PET bottle preform with an integral handle includes an air-cooling knife, a heating furnace, and a transport mechanism. The air-cooling knife is disposed on an outlet side of the heating furnace, the bottle preform is transported into the heating furnace through the transport mechanism, heated in the heating furnace, and transported to the air-cooling knife, and the air-cooling knife jets airflow to and cools a lower end of a handle of the bottle preform, appropriately reducing the temperature at junction of the lower end of the handle and a bottle body so that a gentle transition between the temperature of the bottle body and the temperature of the handle is achieved, and the handle is not easily deformed after the bottle preform is blown, thereby effectively improving the quality of the bottle preform after blown.

Abstract: A low friction inlet nozzle for a turbo expander including a nozzle cover ring, wherein the nozzle cover ring includes a face, a set of nozzle blades, wherein each nozzle blade includes a face, a set of pressure springs, and a set of axial loading bolts is provided. The axial loading bolts may be configured to accept all or at least a portion of the force which the set of pressure springs induces between the nozzle cover ring and the face of the nozzle blades, thereby locating the first face of the nozzle blade at a predetermined distance away from the face of the nozzle cover ring. The predetermined distance may be between 0.02 and 0.04 mm.

Abstract: A low friction inlet nozzle for a turbo expander including a nozzle cover ring, wherein the nozzle cover ring includes a face, a set of nozzle blades, wherein each nozzle blade includes a face, a set of pressure springs, and a set of axial loading bolts is provided. The axial loading bolts may be configured to accept all or at least a portion of the force which the set of pressure springs induces between the nozzle cover ring and the face of the nozzle blades, thereby locating the first face of the nozzle blade at a predetermined distance away from the face of the nozzle cover ring. The predetermined distance may be between 0.02 and 0.04 mm.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic absolute rotary encoder, comprising a rotation shaft, multiple rotating wheels that can rotate along the rotation shaft, multiple encoding units that correspond to the multiple rotating wheels one-to-one, and one or more permanent magnet assemblies that provide the magnetic bias to the multiple encoding units. Each encoding unit comprises a magnetically permeable encoder disc, the structure thereof enabling the magnetic permeability thereof to be different according to the different positions of the rotation shaft, and comprises multiple sensor units that comprise multiple magnetic sensors. The sensor units are used to sense the magnetic permeability of the magnetically permeable encoder disc and to output the sensor signals that characterize the relative position of the magnetically permeable encoder disc.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic absolute rotary encoder, comprising a rotation shaft, multiple rotating wheels that can rotate along the rotation shaft, multiple encoding units that correspond to the multiple rotating wheels one-to-one, and one or more permanent magnet assemblies that provide the magnetic bias to the multiple encoding units. Each encoding unit comprises a magnetically permeable encoder disc, the structure thereof enabling the magnetic permeability thereof to be different according to the different positions of the rotation shaft, and comprises multiple sensor units that comprise multiple magnetic sensors. The sensor units are used to sense the magnetic permeability of the magnetically permeable encoder disc and to output the sensor signals that characterize the relative position of the magnetically permeable encoder disc.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for calibrating a data processing circuit. For example, a method for calibrating a data processing circuit is discussed that includes providing a digital filter, providing a detector circuit, and providing an analog filter. Operation of the digital filter is at least in part governed by filter taps that correspond to a filter tap constraint value. Operation of the detector circuit is at least in part governed by a target parameter. Operation of the analog filter is at least in part governed by an analog parameter that is one of a plurality of analog parameters. The methods further include selecting a target parameter, and calculating the filter tap constraint value based on the target parameter. Combinations of the target parameter, the calculated filter tap constraint value, and each of the plurality of analog parameters are applied to identify the analog parameter.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide apparatuses and methods for filtering a digital signal with a Nyquist constrained digital finite impulse response filter. For example, an apparatus for filtering digital data is disclosed that includes a digital finite impulse response filter having a plurality of taps. The apparatus also includes a tap weight controller connected to the digital finite impulse response filter, operable to adjust a tap weight for each of a subset of the taps such that a magnitude of a Nyquist response of the digital finite impulse response filter remains within a constraint range.

Abstract: A method and device for determining frequency error to extend the pull-in range of a timing recovery circuit for a storage device such as an optical disc drive. A code associated with a storage format of the storage device is detected, and the distance between occurrences of the code is determined. The calculated distance is compared with the expected distance to determine the difference. Based on the difference, the frequency error is determined.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a method. The method includes boosting a portion of frequency components of a digital signal that is converted from an analog signal based on a clock signal, generating a decision signal based on the boosted digital signal, generating a timing error signal based on the boosted digital signal and the decision signal, and filtering the timing error signal to generate a voltage signal to control a voltage controlled oscillator to generate the clock signal.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for data processing. For example, a data processing circuit is disclosed that includes first and second data detectors and an error cancellation circuit. The first data detector is operable to perform a data detection process on a first signal derived from a data input to yield a detected output. The second data detector circuit is operable to perform a data detection process on a second signal derived from the data input to yield a second detected output. The error cancellation circuit is operable to combine a first error signal derived from the detected output with a second error signal derived from the second detected output to yield a feedback signal. The feedback signal is operable to modify the data input during a subsequent period.

Abstract: A method in a signal processor includes equalizing, with an equalizer of the signal processor, a signal corresponding to data read from a storage medium to generate an equalized signal, determining a signal level of the equalized signal, determining an expected signal level of the equalized signal, performing a comparison between the signal level of the equalized signal and the expected signal level, adjusting, after the equalized signal is output from the equalizer, an amplitude of the equalized signal by an amount determined based on the comparison of the signal level of the equalized signal and the expected signal level, and decoding the equalized signal after adjusting the amplitude of the equalized signal.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for detecting land pre-pits. The method includes detecting, based on a land pre-pit threshold, a land pre-pit data stream from a signal responsive to land pre-pits on an optical medium, comparing a characteristic of the detected land pre-pit data stream in a specific number of wobble periods with a pre-determined land pre-pit characteristic in the specific number of wobble periods, and adjusting the land pre-pit threshold based on the comparison.

Abstract: A circuit includes a converter that samples a signal read from a storage medium to generate a sample. The signal includes a physical address of data read from a track on the storage medium. A timing control device generates a clock signal based on a deviation of the track from a reference line. A scaling device generates a scale factor based on the clock signal. A multiplier multiplies the sample by the scale factor to generate a scaled sample. An integrator integrates the scaled sample over a period of the clock signal to generate a resultant value. A comparator compares the resultant value to a threshold to generate an output. The output indicates whether no phase imperfection exists in the scaled sample. A decoder, based on the output of the comparator, decodes the resultant value to obtain the physical address of the data.