Abstract: The present invention overcomes existing problems by the provision of a lifting device below the lowest shanks and endwards of the platform. The lift stroke of the highest scissor obtains thereby a many times longer stroke relative to the very short stroke of the lifting device. In another preferred arrangement of the invention, two columns of scissors are mounted parallel laterally of each other for synchronized operation. The highest scissor-shanks then connect to top arms which bear holder shafts on which holders are kept to extend downwards from the holder shafts. The holders then carry on their lower ends the platform, whereby the platform can become sank down for meeting the level of the ground for an easy loading of the platform. The holders with the platform can become replaced by a cabin. The lifting device of the invention requires thereby only small space for instalment in a house or a hall.

Abstract: The invention proposes a fluid handling device, which may be a pump, in which arrangements are provided to make the device able to handle high pressure of more than one thousand atmospheres and able to seal at such high pressure for a considerably long life time of the device. For the obtainment of such a performance, a piston shoe arrangement has a part-ball formed portion with an outer face which is guided on a cylindrical inner face, while the piston shoe at the same time pivots around a center which is located in the pistons-head. Sealing means are provided to faces of plates, membranes or pistons to reduce leakage or to reduce the negative effects of deformations under high pressures. In this relation a thrust body may be axially moveably provided in a thrust chamber and obtain thereby a novel and effective sealing of membranes and faces.

Abstract: In a membrane pump for very high pressure, an axially moveable control member is provided in a body which borders a fluid handling chamber to form a narrow annular clearance around the control member and to form at the axial movement of the control member a cross-sectional area for big flow-through fluid quantities and temporarily a very narrow clearance for the prevention of deflection of portions of the membrane over the flow-through fluid passage.

Abstract: A double piston engine has a medial shaft between two pistons which reciprocate in opposed cylinders. From the pistons extend outer piston shafts which serve as control shafts. The outer ends of the cylinders are provided with inlet ports and control recesses while the control shafts have also control recesses and the meeting of the control recesses defines the inlet of the fluid into the cylinders. More details serve to combine a plurality of double piston engines to work in unison in timed relation, to increase the power per a given weight or to use the engine as a hydrofluid conveying combustion engine as well as the prevention of dead spaces by specific valves or configurations and locations. A piston may form a first piston portion and a plurality of secondary piston portions with the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the secondary piston portions equal to the cross-sectional area of the first piston portion.

Abstract: A solid fuel preferred to be prepared from cleaned and pressed coal powder to a high density is led into a combustion chamber. Air is compressed to a high temperature which exceeds the self ignition temperature of the mentioned solid fuel. This compressed air is also led into the combustion chamber to meet there the tip of the solid fuel sheet and to ignite and burn the fuel in the hot air in the combustion chamber. The hot burned gas can then be led into an expander and the expander can drive a compressor for the supply of the mentioned hot air. The device then forms a combustion engine with continuous combustion in an external combustion chamber. In my parental U.S. Pat. No. 4,809,503 the solid fule is a fuel bar. This present application deals mainly with a solid fuel sheet or tape which is wider than it is thick. Thereby it is secured that the fuel portions meet exactly the required amounts of hot air locally at a wide meeting and burning place.

Abstract: A fluid machine such as a pump, compressor, engine, motor or transmission has working chambers in a rotor and a concentric rotor - hub is provided in the rotor for the reception of a control body therein. The control body has control ports for the control of flow of fluid into and out of the working chambers of the rotor. Pressure fields form in the clearance between the rotor hub and the control body especially around the control ports. Leakage flows from the pressure fields through portions of the clearance between the rotor - hub and the control body which reduces the efficiency of the machine. Therefore, means are provided in the rotor or in the control body to press those portions of the faces of the rotor hub and of the control body, which have those local pressure fields, together, or to narrow the clearance between these faces in the respective areas where those pressure fields are located, in order to reduce the leakage through the clearance between the faces of the rotor hub and the control body.

Abstract: A pump has in a housing a revolvable shaft which drives a piston stroke guide body. Drive pistons are provided with piston shoes which run on the guide face of the piston stroke guide body and drive fluid supply pistons of smaller diameter. The pump preferably has a fluid separator between lubricating and non-lubricating fluid, like for example between oil and water, whereof one of the fluids flows through an inner chamber which is provided with inlet and outlet valves while the other fluid acts in an outer chamber which is open toward the cylinder wherein the fluid supply piston reciprocates. Dead space fillers are provided to prevent losses by compression of fluid and seal means are assembled to prevent leakage of fluid from one into the other of the chambers. The fluid separator may be compressible and expandable within the elasticaly deformable range of the material whereof it is made.

Abstract: This snap ring has outer and inner fingers which extend slightly from the ring. Thereby it becomes possible to embrace the ends of the fingers by a plier from the outside to press the ends of the fingers towards each other and thereby to widen the inner diameter of the snap ring in a limited extent for moving the ring over a respective bar. The inner face of the ring may be circular or of angular configuration. An accessory shows especially suitable pliers for the use of handling the snap ring.

Abstract: When pumping chambers were provided between tapered discs of axial compressibility and expandability, the discs worked perfect in the subcritical pressure range. But in the supercritical pressure range the high pressure in fluid would depart the discs away from each other and open a gap between the discs because the force of pressure in fluid in the chamber between the tapered discs was higher than the internal strength of the material of which the respective coned element was made. The invention now discovers that it is possible to provide a means which prevents the departure of a coned ring from a neighbored ring. The invention obtains this by providing a means which presses under actions of pressure in surrounding fluid the neighboring coned ring elements at all times together for a close and perfect sealing between them.

Abstract: An aircraft has a pair of wing portions with propellers of a propeller pair which are driven and synchronized by a fluid transmission between the power plant and the propellers. A fluid line structure keeps most components of the craft together and consists preferredly of three pipes which are also utilized to carry the driving fluid to and from the motors, to hold the motors and to hold the wings. The take over of a plurality of functions by the interior pipe structure reduces weight and secures safe and economic operation of the craft. The pipe structure can be pivoted in respective bearings to effect the pivotal movement of the propellers and wing portions for either vertical take off and landing or for horizontal flight. The pipe structure is built by pipes without bends in order to make the cleaning of the interiors of the pipes from dirt and from remainders of welding possible.

Abstract: A member oscillates on a face and another member pivots on a bed of the first member. Passages are provided through the members to lead a lubrication fluid under pressure into a fluid pocket between the mentioned face and one of the members. The fluid pressure in the pocket carries a major portion of the load of one of the members on the face. The oscillation of the members has one stroke under higher load and one under less load. The pivotal movement of the other member controls the flow of fluid through the passages to provide high pressure in the fluid pocket at the stroke under higher load and lower pressure in the pocket at the stroke under less load. The arrangement is especially suitable to be provided on pistons and piston shoes of radial piston machines. But it can also serve to carry load on other members of machines or vehicles, wherein at least two movements are taking place and a source of supply of fluid under pressure is available.

Abstract: An aircraft has a pair of wing portions with propellers of a propeller pair which are driven and synchronized by a fluid transmission between the power plant and the propellers. A fluid line structure keeps most components of the craft together and consists preferredly of three pipes which are also utilized to carry the driving fluid to and from the motors, to hold the motors and to hold the wings. The take over of a plurality of functions by the interior pipe structure reduces weight and secures safe and economic operation of the craft.The pipe structure can be pivoted in respective bearings to effect the pivotal movement of the propellers and wing portions for either vertical take off and landing or horizontal flight. The pipe structure is built by pipes without bends in order to make the cleaning of the interiors of the pipes from dirt and remainders of weldings possible. Ribs and holding portions are provided on the structure for assembly and/or disassembly of the wing portions to the pipe structure.

Abstract: The invention provides an aircraft with propellers with vertical and horizontal axes in combination with pivotable wing portions. At vertical take off and landing the propellers with vertical axes bear the craft while the wing portions are set with their chord parallel to the airstreams through the lifting propellers. When the aircraft flies forward with enough speed, driven by the propeller(s) with the horizontal axis (axes), the lift propellers are set to rest parallel to the forward flight direction of the craft while the wing portions then pivot under the airflow over them into a horizontal position with their chords, at which they are prevented from further pivoting by stoppers in order that the wing portions then carry the craft at the forward flight.

Abstract: An air-borne craft is provided with at least two pairs of propellers with substantially vertical axes. One pair of the propellers is provided on the front portion of the craft, the other pair on the rear portion with one propeller of each pair on the left side and the other propeller of the same pair on the right side of the body of the craft. The propellers are provided on their rear directions with flaps which can open and close relative to the profiles of the propellers. The arrangement of at least four propellers secures an economical operation in case of emergency landing and at flight. In case of an engine failure the craft has still a forwardly directed speed. This speed will open the flaps and the flow of air against the flaps will revolve the propellers. Thereby at least one arm of each of the propellers remains acting like a helicopter blade and the four propellers can carry the craft in a gliding procedure, flying forwardly with an angle of descent, towards the ground for the emergency landing.

Abstract: A double piston engine has a doubly acting piston reciprocably provided in a cylinder arrangement to form two working chambers which periodically increase and decrease their volumes. The invention provides inlet means with supply means for a cleaning flow through the working chambers and inlet means and supply means for a loading flow in excess of atmospheric pressure to the respective chambers. Means are further provided to secure that the loading flow enters the respective working chamber after the closing of the inlet for the cleaning flow. By this arrangement of the invention it becomes possible to operate two cycle engines with turbo-chargers or other loaders. A very powerful engine at compact space and low weight is obtained, while the poisenous gases of two stroke engines are prevented to a high degree.

Abstract: Pumps for nonlubricating fluid can use membranes for the separation of different fluids. Suitable membranes can be used for pressures up to several thousand atmospheres in the fluids. Such membranes are, however, subjected to difficult problems like stresses in the material of the membrane, compression of the material of the membrane and the like. These problems prevented long life of the membranes or it restricted the membranes to such short strokes that the deliveries of the pumps were small at a given size and weight. The present invention improves the life time and the delivery capacities of membranes by creating most suitable configurations of the membranes and of the adjacent parts. Pumps or compressors for relative big delivery quantities, and also for high pressures up to several thousand atmospheres in cases of pumps, are thereby obtained.

Abstract: In a vehicle or device a fluid motor is employed to drive rotary members, such as wheels, propellers, tracks. The motor is provided with an arrangement which includes a control means and an axially moveable member. By utilizing the control means, for example, by a flow of fluid, the axially moveable member is used to apply an action, which is not common to the usual operation of fluid motors. The arrangement may be used to arrest the rotor of the motor from rotation when no pressure is in the driving fluid line. It may also be used to control the pitch of propellers with variable pitch arrangements. Also possible is to use the arrangement to automatically obtain an auto-rotation of rotor blades on vertical axes of vertically take off and landing vehicles, when the pressure in the fluid line to the motors for driving the motors drops below a predetermined minimum of pressure.The speciality of the preferred embodiment which is shown in FIGS.

Abstract: In an axial piston motor or pump the cylinder barrel is mounted on a medial shaft which has a shoulder which axially bears against the front end of the rotor barrel. The rear end of the medial shaft is radially borne in a housing portion. The front portion of the medial shaft is provided with a bearing member of an axial thrust bearing for support on a respective axial thrust bearing member in the housing. On the rear end of the rotary barrel an axially selfthrusting control body is provided to seal the flow of fluid to and from the cylinders of the rotary barrel. The control body presses against the rotary barrel, the rotary barrel presses against the shoulder of the medial shaft and the thrust bearing member of the shaft bears on the thrust bearing member of the housing. As a result thereof the cylinders in the rotary barrel can be straight through bores. The manufacturing of the rotor barrel is thereby simplified and the flow acceleration losses of former bore type cylinders are prevented.

Abstract: A control arrangement to control the flow of fluid through pumps, motors, transmissions, engines has an eccentric shoulder assembled into a respective thrust chamber in a portion of the housing to be pressed against the rotary seal face of the rotor of the device. Such arrangements are known from some of my earlier patents and have served satisfactorily, but with the desire to improve the pressures further, it has been found, that arrangements are required to prevent the control body from slight rotation, under which it otherwise would stick. The arrangement provides the means to prevent the rotation and sticking by defining a relationship between eccentricities and gravity centers in order to reduce the tendency to stick. Pins and pins with eccentric and adjustable portions are also used to prevent the tendency to stick and so are pluralities of eccentrically arranged individual thrust chambers and control body portions.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a compressor, an expander and a combustion chamber for burning fuel in hot air. The fuel is preferred to be a prepared block of powdered, cleaned and compressed coal. The fuel blocks may consist of cleaned powder of coal which is after cleaning pressed to conveniently sized blocks of high density. The coal fuel blocks will then have a density much higher than the density of coal powder, whereby a high amount of heat value in the coal fuel blocks can be provided for use in a convenient fuel container. A transportation means is provided to transport the respective fuel block to a cutter or powderization device for re-transformation of the solid fuel blocks into fast burning small powder-like particles. The so repowdered coal fuel burns in the combustion chamber whereby the expander is driven, which drives the compressor and supplies the power out of the engine.