Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to recognition tunneling systems, methods and devices, and more particularly, to chemical reactions for selectively labeling proteins and peptides and placing protein and/or peptides into, or onto a nanopore formed in a solid support and threading such in and/or through the nanopore, with such nanopores, in some embodiments, including a molecular motor to pull or otherwise force the protein/peptide through the nanopore.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a compound 5(6)-mercapto-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-carboxamide (“BIA”) which yields enhanced signals for recognition tunneling. Other embodiments are directed toward methods for producing such compounds as well as apparatuses and systems which utilize such compounds for recognition tunneling for molecule identification/sequencing (for example).

Abstract: The invention includes compositions, devices, and methods for analyzing a polymer and/or polymer unit. The polymer may be a homo or hetero-polymer such as DNA, RNA, a polysaccharide, or a peptide. The device includes electrodes that form a tunnel gap through which the polymer can pass. The electrodes are functionalized with a reagent attached thereto, and the reagent is capable of forming a transient bond to a polymer unit. When the transient bond forms between the reagent and the unit, a detectable signal is generated and used to analyze the polymer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, systems and devices, for analyzing the molecules. For example, in some embodiments, a system is provided which includes a first volume of conducting fluid, a second volume of conducting fluid, an orifice in communication with said first and second volumes of fluid, and means for applying an electric potential difference between said first and second volumes of fluid. In some such embodiments, a conjugate product is provided which comprises charged polymers each having attached thereto at least one first molecule for analysis, where the product carries a predetermined charge greater than the charge on the first molecule, and upon dissolving a product in the first volume of fluid, the product is directed into the orifice.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions, devices, and methods for analyzing a polymer and/or polymer unit. The polymer may be a homo or hetero-polymer such as DNA, RNA, a polysaccharide, or a peptide. The device includes electrodes that form a tunnel gap through which the polymer can pass. The electrodes are functionalized with a reagent attached thereto, and the reagent is capable of forming a transient bond to a polymer unit. When the transient bond forms between the reagent and the unit, a detectable signal is generated and used to analyze the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems, devices and methods for identifying biopolymers, such as strands of DNA, as they pass through a constriction such as a carbon nanotube nanopore. More particularly, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which a newly translocated portion of the iopolymer forms a temporary electrical circuit between the nanotube nanopore and a second electrode, which may also be a nanotube. Further, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which the constriction is provided with a transnaionilized unit which, together with a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer, forms a temporary electrical circuit that can be used to characterize the portion of the biopolymer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to recognition tunneling methods, systems and devices for the detection of carbohydrates by measuring tunneling currents of sugars which give distinct electronic signals in a tunnel gap functionalized respectively with, for example, in some embodiments, 4(5)-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1H imideazole-2-carboxamide and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid molecules on at least one, and preferably each electrode.

Abstract: A device for reading the sequence of a polymer, consisting of a first electrode and a second electrode, each electrode being functionalized with a reader molecule strongly bonded to the electrodes, but forming weak bonds with a molecule to be sequenced. In particular, the reader molecule is designed to form bonds with at least two points on the target molecule such that the target molecule is trapped between a first reader molecule on one electrode and a second reader molecule on the second electrode, with the overall size of the molecular complex being small enough to permit significant electric current to flow.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for analyzing the composition of a heteropolymer comprising a carbon nanotube through which the heteropolymer is driven by electrophoresis. The carbon nanotube also serves as one electrode in a reading circuit. One end of the carbon nanotube is held in close proximity to a second electrode, and each end of the carbon nanotube is functionalized with flexibly-tethered chemical-recognition moieties, such that one will bind one site on the emerging polymer, and the second will bind another site in close proximity, generating an electrical signal between the two electrodes when the circuit is completed by the process of chemical recognition.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to amino acid, modified amino acid, peptide and protein identification and sequencing, by means of, for example, electronic detection of individual amino acids or small peptides.

Abstract: The present invention provides finite, addressable, and self-assembling nucleic acid tiling arrays, and methods for their use.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems, devices and methods for identifying biopolymers, such as strands of DNA, as they pass through a constriction such as a carbon nanotube nanopore. More particularly, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer forms a temporary electrical circuit between the nanotube nanopore and a second electrode, which may also be a nanotube. Further, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which the constriction is provided with a functionalized unit which, together with a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer, forms a temporary electrical circuit that can be used to characterize that portion of the biopolymer.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices, and systems for sequencing nucleic acid polymers that utilize palladium (Pd), for example, at least in part, as an electrode material that is (i) functionalized with one or more adaptor molecules and (ii) capable for use to sense one or more chemical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems, devices and methods for identifying biopolymers, such as strands of DNA, as they pass through a constriction such as a carbon nanotube nanopore. More particularly, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer forms a temporary electrical circuit between the nanotube nanopore and a second electrode, which may also be a nanotube. Further, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which the constriction is provided with a functionalized unit which, together with a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer, forms a temporary electrical circuit that can be used to characterize that portion of the biopolymer.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions, devices, and methods for analyzing a polymer and/or polymer unit. The polymer may be a homo- or hetero-polymer such as DNA, RNA, a polysaccharide, or a peptide. The device includes electrodes that form a tunnel gap through which the polymer can pass. The electrodes are functionalized with a reagent attached thereto, and the reagent is capable of forming a transient bond to a polymer unit. When the transient bond forms between the reagent and the unit, a detectable signal is generated and used to analyze the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for analyzing the composition of a heteropolymer comprising a carbon nanotube through which the heteropolymer is driven by electrophoresis. The carbon nanotube also serves as one electrode in a reading circuit. One end of the carbon nanotube is held in close proximity to a second electrode, and each end of the carbon nanotube is functionalized with flexibly-tethered chemical-recognition moieties, such that one will bind one site on the emerging polymer, and the second will bind another site in close proximity, generating an electrical signal between the two electrodes when the circuit is completed by the process of chemical recognition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems, devices and methods for identifying biopolymers, such as strands of DNA, as they pass through a constriction such as a carbon nanotube nanopore. More particularly, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer forms a temporary electrical circuit between the nanotube nanopore and a second electrode, which may also be a nanotube. Further, the invention is directed to such systems, devices and methods in which the constriction is provided with a functionalized unit which, together with a newly translocated portion of the biopolymer, forms a temporary electrical circuit that can be used to characterize that portion of the biopolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides finite, addressable, and self-assembling nucleic acid tiling arrays, and methods for their use.

Abstract: The present invention provides self-assembling, finite nucleic acid tiling arrays, and methods for their synthesis and use, which overcome a major hurdle in self-assembled DNA nanostructures, and therefore have numerous potential applications for nanofabrication of complex structures and useful devices, as further disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and methods for the electrical detection of molecular interactions between a probe molecule and a protein or peptide target molecule, but without requiring the use of electrochemical or other reporters to obtain measurable signals. The methods can be used for electrical detection of molecular interactions between probe molecules bound to defined regions of an array and protein or peptide target molecules which are permitted to interact with the probe molecules.