Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region extending on a substrate in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate; a gate structure extending on the fin-type active region and extending in a second direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate and different from the first direction; and source/drain regions in a recess region extending from one side of the gate structure into the fin-type active region, the source/drain regions including an upper semiconductor layer on an inner wall of the recess region, having a first impurity concentration, and including a gap; and a gap-fill semiconductor layer, which fills the gap and has a second impurity concentration that is greater than the first impurity concentration.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a spinner configured to hold a wafer, a nozzle configured to supply a liquid chemical onto an upper surface of the wafer, and a laser module configured to heat the wafer by radiating a laser beam to a lower surface of the wafer while the nozzle supplies the liquid chemical onto the upper surface of the wafer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include first and second fins formed side by side on a substrate, a first elevated doped region formed on the first fin and having a first doping concentration of impurities, a second elevated doped region formed on the second fin, and a first bridge connecting the first elevated doped region and the second elevated doped region to each other. Methods of manufacturing such a semiconductor device are also disclosed.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region extending on a substrate in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate; a gate structure extending on the fin-type active region and extending in a second direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate and different from the first direction; and source/drain regions in a recess region extending from one side of the gate structure into the fin-type active region, the source/drain regions including an upper semiconductor layer on an inner wall of the recess region, having a first impurity concentration, and including a gap; and a gap-fill semiconductor layer, which fills the gap and has a second impurity concentration that is greater than the first impurity concentration.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first region having a first active pattern with first protrusion portions and first recess portions, and a second region having a second active pattern with second protrusion portions and second recess portions. First gate patterns are on the first protrusion portions. Second gate patterns are on the second protrusion portions. A first source/drain region is on one of the first recess portion of the first active pattern between two of the first gate patterns. The first source/drain region has a first reinforcing epitaxial layer at an upper portion thereof. A second source/drain region is on one of the second recess portions of the second active pattern between two of the second gate patterns. The second source/drain region has a second reinforcing epitaxial layer having an epitaxial growth surface that is shaped differently than a first epitaxial growth surface of the first reinforcing epitaxial layer.

Abstract: A dry cleaning apparatus includes a chamber, a substrate support supporting a substrate within the chamber, a shower head arranged in an upper portion of the chamber to supply a dry cleaning gas toward the substrate, the shower head including an optical window transmitting a laser light therethrough toward the substrate support, a plasma generator generating plasma from the dry cleaning gas, and a laser irradiator irradiating the laser light on the substrate through the optical window and the plasma to heat the substrate.

Abstract: A wet etching apparatus includes a process bath having an internal space configured to receive an etchant and having a support unit, on which a wafer is disposed to be in contact with the etchant. A laser unit is disposed above the process bath and is configured to direct a laser beam to the wafer and to heat the wafer thereby. An etchant supply unit is configured to supply the etchant to the internal space of the process bath.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active fin on a substrate, a gate electrode and intersecting the active fin, gate spacer layers on both side walls of the gate electrode, and a source/drain region in a recess region of the active fin at at least one side of the gate electrode. The source/drain region may include a base layer in contact with the active fin, and having an inner end and an outer end opposing each other in the first direction on an inner sidewall of the recess region. The source/drain region may include a first layer on the base layer. The first layer may include germanium (Ge) having a concentration higher than a concentration of germanium (Ge) included in the base layer. The outer end of the base layer may contact the first layer, and may have a shape convex toward outside of the gate electrode on a plane.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a fin-type active region extending on a substrate in a first direction that is parallel to an upper surface of the substrate; and a source/drain region in a recess region extending into the fin-type active region, wherein the source/drain region includes: a first source/drain material layer; a second source/drain material layer on the first source/drain material layer; and a first dopant diffusion barrier layer on an interface between the first source/drain material layer and the second source/drain material layer.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device capable of enhancing short channel effect by forming a carbon-containing semiconductor pattern in a source/drain region. The semiconductor device includes a first gate electrode and a second gate electrode spaced apart from each other on a fin-type pattern, a recess formed in the fin-type pattern between the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode, and a semiconductor pattern including a lower semiconductor film formed along a profile of the recess and an upper semiconductor film on the lower semiconductor film, wherein the lower semiconductor film includes a lower epitaxial layer and an upper epitaxial layer sequentially formed on the fin-type pattern, and a carbon concentration of the upper epitaxial layer is greater than a carbon concentration of the lower epitaxial layer.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region extending on a substrate in a first direction parallel to a top surface of the substrate; a gate structure extending on the fin-type active region and extending in a second direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate and different from the first direction; and source/drain regions in a recess region extending from one side of the gate structure into the fin-type active region, the source/drain regions including an upper semiconductor layer on an inner wall of the recess region, having a first impurity concentration, and including a gap; and a gap-fill semiconductor layer, which fills the gap and has a second impurity concentration that is greater than the first impurity concentration.

Abstract: In a method of cleaning a substrate, a protecting liquid may be sprayed to a surface of the substrate from a first position in a first spray direction. Cleaning droplets may be injected on to the surface of the substrate. The protecting liquid may be sprayed to the surface of the substrate from a second position different from the first position in a second spray direction. For example, the protecting liquid may be always sprayed from the central portion toward the edge portions in the substrate so that the protecting liquid on the substrate may have a uniform thickness.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include first and second fins formed side by side on a substrate, a first elevated doped region formed on the first fin and having a first doping concentration of impurities, a second elevated doped region formed on the second fin, and a first bridge connecting the first elevated doped region and the second elevated doped region to each other. Methods of manufacturing such a semiconductor device are also disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first region having a first active pattern with first protrusion portions and first recess portions, and a second region having a second active pattern with second protrusion portions and second recess portions. First gate patterns are on the first protrusion portions. Second gate patterns are on the second protrusion portions. A first source/drain region is on one of the first recess portion of the first active pattern between two of the first gate patterns. The first source/drain region has a first reinforcing epitaxial layer at an upper portion thereof. A second source/drain region is on one of the second recess portions of the second active pattern between two of the second gate patterns. The second source/drain region has a second reinforcing epitaxial layer having an epitaxial growth surface that is shaped differently than a first epitaxial growth surface of the first reinforcing epitaxial layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include first and second fins formed side by side on a substrate, a first elevated doped region formed on the first fin and having a first doping concentration of impurities, a second elevated doped region formed on the second fin, and a first bridge connecting the first elevated doped region and the second elevated doped region to each other. Methods of manufacturing such a semiconductor device are also disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first fin type pattern on a substrate, a second fin type pattern, parallel to the first fin type pattern, on the substrate, and an epitaxial pattern on the first and second fin type patterns. The epitaxial pattern may include a shared semiconductor pattern on the first fin type pattern and the second fin type pattern. The shared semiconductor pattern may include a first sidewall adjacent to the first fin type pattern and a second sidewall adjacent to the second fin type pattern. The first sidewall may include a first lower facet, a first upper facet on the first lower facet and a first connecting curved surface connecting the first lower and upper facets. The second sidewall may include a second lower facet, a second upper facet on the second lower facet and a second connecting curved surface connecting the second lower and upper facets.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the semiconductor device including a channel pattern on a substrate, the channel pattern extending in a first direction; a gate pattern on the substrate, the gate pattern extending in a second direction crossing the first direction and surrounding the channel pattern; and an interface layer between the channel pattern and the gate pattern, the interface layer being formed on at least one surface of an upper surface and a lower surface of the channel pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the semiconductor device including a channel pattern on a substrate, the channel pattern extending in a first direction; a gate pattern on the substrate, the gate pattern extending in a second direction crossing the first direction and surrounding the channel pattern; and an interface layer between the channel pattern and the gate pattern, the interface layer being formed on at least one surface of an upper surface and a lower surface of the channel pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first active fin and a second active fin on the substrate, respectively, a plurality of first epitaxial layers on the first active fin and on the second active fin, respectively, a plurality of second epitaxial layers on the plurality of first epitaxial layers, a bridge layer connecting the plurality of second epitaxial layers to each other, and a third epitaxial layer on the bridge layer.

Abstract: A graphics processing unit (GPU) for determining whether to perform tessellation on a first model according to a control of a central processing unit (CPU) is provided. The GPU reads the first model from a memory, which stores prepared models having different complexities; calculates a complexity of the first model; compares the calculated complexity with a reference complexity; and determines whether to perform a tessellation operation on the first model according to a comparison result.