Abstract: A developing unit includes a developing unit body having a toner inlet and a developing roller mounted in the developing unit body. A toner feeding unit for feeding is provided to feed the toner from the toner inlet to the developing roller. A doctor blade is integrally formed with the developing unit body for controlling the thickness of the toner supplied to the developing roller.

Abstract: A developing device has a sealing unit that seals a gap between an inner wall of a housing that stores developer and a blade that controls a thickness of developer attached on a developing roller. The sealing unit of the developing device includes a first sealing member inserted into a gap between the inner wall of the housing and an end portion of the blade, a second sealing member placed on the blade to contact the first sealing member, and a pressing member that presses the first and second sealing members so as to prevent gaps between the first and second sealing members. Therefore, the gap between the blade and the inner wall of the housing can be blocked efficiently without damaging the developing roller, and a stable and efficient developing process can be performed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for manufacturing a thin-film type solar cell and a thin-film type solar cell obtained thereby that uses a direct printing method and reduces the frequency of a cutting process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sharing assistance data between an Assisted Global Positioning System (A-GPS) terminal and a Global Positioning System (GPS) terminal are provided. The method includes establishing a connection with an A-GPS terminal, transmitting an assistance data request message to the A-GPS terminal, receiving an assistance data response message including assistance data from the A-GPS terminal, and performing position determination by using the assistance data and GPS position information received from a GPS artificial satellite. Accordingly, position determination can be achieved faster.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for testing mechanical endurance of a surface of an optical disc is disclosed, which includes a rotating plate on which the optical disc is fixed to generate scratch thereon, and rotating the fixed optical disc; and a plurality of abrasion wheels disposed in perpendicular to the rotating plate, and being in contact with the surface of the optical disc, to generate the scratch on the surface of the optical disc, wherein, the scratches generate when the optical disc rotates a predetermined turn, e.g. below ten turns for applying a predetermined load generated from the abrasion wheel on the optical disc.

Abstract: A method of treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea or papulopustular rosacea in a subject comprises exposing the subject's skin in need thereof to narrow-band infrared radiation at a wavelength(s) in a range of between 790 nm and 900 nm and having a band width of between 0 nm and 20 nm, in an effective dose to treat erythematotelangiectatic rosacea or papulopustular rosacea and essentially not to cause photothermolysis of the skin. Alternatively, a method of treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea or papulopustular rosacea in a subject comprises exposing the subject's skin in need thereof to narrow-band infrared radiation at a wavelength(s) in a range of between 790 nm and 900 nm and having a band width of between 0.1 nm and 20 nm, in an effective dose to treat erythematotelangiectatic rosacea or papulopustular rosacea.

Abstract: A method for evaluating an anti-contamination level on a surface of optical recording medium is disclosed. The method includes forming an artificial fingerprint on the surface by contacting a stamp having an artificial material adhered thereto on an optical recording medium, and measuring a symbol error rate (SER) of the formed artificial fingerprint, to determine a sensitivity of the fingerprint and determining whether the optical recording medium is of good quality or bad quality depending upon the measured SER.

Abstract: A method of reducing appearance of melanin on the skin of a subject comprises exposing the skin to red narrow-band radiation at a wavelength(s) in a range of between 620 nm and 750 nm and having a band width of between 0 nm and 20 nm, in an effective dose to cause the appearance of the skin melanin to diminish and essentially not to cause photothermolysis of the skin. Alternatively, a method of reducing appearance of melanin on the skin of a subject comprises exposing the skin to non-coherent red narrow-band radiation at a wavelength(s) in a range of between 620 nm and 750 nm and having a band width of between 0.1 nm and 20 nm, in an effective dose to cause the appearance of the skin melanin.

Abstract: A toner cartridge horizontally installed in an electrophotographic printer having a photoreceptor drum where an electrostatic latent image is formed by charging and exposure, and contributing to toner supply and development by being fixedly coupled to in the electrophotographic printer. The toner cartridge includes a housing filled with toner of a predetermined color, a development roller rotatably installed on the housing to face the photoreceptor drum and to supply the toner to the photoreceptor drum to develop an image by a difference in electrical potential, a supply roller rotatably installed in the housing in contact with the development roller and to control the toner to adhere to the development roller, and a guide member coupled to the housing to be disposed under the supply roller and to guide supply of the toner. When a diameter of the development roller is D2, the diameter D2 satisfies an inequality that 10.4?D2?22.1 mm.

Abstract: A method for evaluating an anti-contamination level on a surface of optical recording medium is disclosed. The method includes forming an artificial fingerprint on the surface by contacting a stamp having an artificial material adhered thereto on an optical recording medium, and measuring a symbol error rate (SER) of the formed artificial fingerprint, to determine a sensitivity of the fingerprint and determining whether the optical recording medium is of good quality or bad quality depending upon the measured SER.

Abstract: A toner cartridge and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the same are provided. The toner cartridge includes: a toner bottle air-tightly storing a toner; a first shutter sliding in a longitudinal direction of the toner bottle; and a second shutter sliding in a circumferential direction of the toner bottle to open and close a toner outlet.

Abstract: An ink cartridge and a wet-type electrophotographic image forming apparatus having the ink cartridge, wherein the ink cartridge is detachably mounted with respect to an image forming apparatus body and supplies a developing unit with ink. The ink cartridge includes a housing including an inflow inlet into which the ink flows, and an inflow inlet opening and closing unit for operating together with the image forming apparatus body such that when the housing is mounted in the image forming apparatus body the inflow inlet is opened, and when the housing is removed from the image forming apparatus body the inflow inlet is closed.

Abstract: An optical recording medium records information in a mechanism of generating new material, having reflectance different from that of others in information recording layer, when laser beam is projected thereonto. The optical recording medium includes a substrate, and a reflective layer positioned on the substrate to reflect an entering laser beam and having an information recording layer. The information recording layer includes a first information recording layer containing one or more elements selected from a group of Si, Ge, and Sb, and a second information recording layer containing one or more elements selected from a group of Si, Sb, Te, and Al. Data can be recorded in high density and the optical recording medium provides high recording stability and recording sensitivity.

Abstract: A toner cartridge horizontally installed in an electrophotographic printer having a photoreceptor drum where an electrostatic latent image is formed by charging and exposure, and contributing to toner supply and development by being fixedly coupled to in the electrophotographic printer. The toner cartridge includes a housing filled with toner of a predetermined color, a development roller rotatably installed on the housing to face the photoreceptor drum and to supply the toner to the photoreceptor drum to develop an image by a difference in electrical potential, a supply roller rotatably installed in the housing in contact with the development roller and to control the toner to adhere to the development roller, and a guide member coupled to the housing to be disposed under the supply roller and to guide supply of the toner. When a diameter of the development roller is D2, the diameter D2 satisfies an inequality that 10.4?D2?22.1 mm.

Abstract: A toner cartridge horizontally installed in an electrophotographic printer having a photoreceptor drum where an electrostatic latent image is formed by charging and exposure, and contributing to toner supply and development by being fixedly coupled to in the electrophotographic printer. The toner cartridge includes a housing filled with toner of a predetermined color, a development roller rotatably installed on the housing to face the photoreceptor drum and to supply the toner to the photoreceptor drum to develop an image by a difference in electrical potential, a supply roller rotatably installed in the housing in contact with the development roller and to control the toner to adhere to the development roller, and a guide member coupled to the housing to be disposed under the supply roller and to guide supply of the toner. When a diameter of the development roller is D2, the diameter D2 satisfies an inequality that 10.4?D2?22.1 mm.

Abstract: A fusing device of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The fusing device includes a fusing roller that is heated to be a predetermined temperature, and a pressing roller that presses a sheet of paper passing between the fusing roller and the pressing roller toward the fusing roller. In addition, the fusing roller includes a cylindrical roller having a predetermined diameter, a heater positioned inside the cylindrical roller to heat the cylindrical roller, a rubber member that is formed on a center portion of an outer circumference on the cylindrical roller, and heat resistance portion that is formed on both end portions of the cylindrical roller.

Abstract: A mixed-mode semiconductor memory includes a memory bank array, an analog/digital converter, a digital/analog converter, a plurality of digital buses and a control unit. The memory bank array includes a plurality of memory banks that are each composed of a plurality of pieces of single port memory. The analog/digital converter converts an input analog signal into digital information to store data corresponding to the input analog signal in the memory of the memory bank. The digital/analog converter converts a designated memory address of the memory bank into an analog signal to output the memory address in analog signal output form. The plurality of digital buses transmits the address and the digital information. The control unit sets the analog/digital converter and the digital/analog converter to store and output the digital information and the analog information and supplying an address signal to the memory bank.

Abstract: A voltage supply device for developing devices of a color image forming apparatus has a printed circuit board (PCB) connected with a high voltage supply source, a plurality of fixed contact point terminals provided at one end of the respective color developing devices, and a plurality of voltage changeover units for selectively connecting the PCB and the fixed contact point terminals to selectively supply the voltage from the high voltage supply source to the respective color developing devices. With the voltage supply device, contact point changeover is enabled without having to move the developing device, by using a relay part of a relatively simple structure during the change of developing device. Accordingly, deterioration of printing quality due to shock from the contact with the developing device is avoided, and the reliability of high voltage contact point changeover is improved.

Abstract: A developing device has a sealing unit that seals a gap between an inner wall of a housing that stores developer and a blade that controls a thickness of developer attached on a developing roller. The sealing unit of the developing device includes a first sealing member inserted into a gap between the inner wall of the housing and an end portion of the blade, a second sealing member placed on the blade to contact the first sealing member, and a pressing member that presses the first and second sealing members so as to prevent gaps between the first and second sealing members. Therefore, the gap between the blade and the inner wall of the housing can be blocked efficiently without damaging the developing roller, and a stable and efficient developing process can be performed.

Abstract: A developing unit includes a developing unit body having a toner inlet and a developing roller mounted in the developing unit body. A toner feeding unit for feeding is provided to feed the toner from the toner inlet to the developing roller. A doctor blade is integrally formed with the developing unit body for controlling the thickness of the toner supplied to the developing roller.