Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a drain, a source, a gate electrode, and a nanowire between the source and drain. The nanowire has a first section with a first thickness and a second section with a second thickness greater than the first thickness. The second section is between the first section and at least one of the source or drain. The first nanowire includes a channel when a voltage is applied to the gate electrode.

Abstract: The image sensor includes a first analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a first analog pixel signal output from a first pixel in a row into first digital signals, a second analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a second analog pixel signal output from a second pixel in the row into second digital signals, a first output circuit configured to output a first bit value at a first position in the first digital signals in response to a first enable control signal, and a second output circuit configured to output a second bit value at a second position in the second digital signals in response to a second enable control signal, the second position in the second digital signals corresponding to the first position in the first digital signals, wherein the second enable control signal is activated with a delay from the activation of the first enable control signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor device are provided. The semiconductor substrate includes a base substrate, a first silicon germanium layer on the base substrate and a second silicon germanium layer on the first silicon germanium layer. A germanium fraction of the second silicon germanium layer decreases in the direction away from the base substrate, and a germanium fraction of a lowermost part of the second silicon germanium layer is greater than a germanium fraction of an uppermost part of the first silicon germanium layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a fin-type active area, nanosheets, a gate, a source/drain region, and insulating spacers. The fin-type active area protrudes from a substrate in a first direction. The nanosheets are spaced from an upper surface of the fin-type active area and include channel regions. The gate is over the fin-type active area. The source/drain region is connected to the nanosheets. The insulating spacers are in the fin-type active area and between the nanosheets. Air spaces are between the insulating spacers and the source/drain region based on positions of the insulating spacers.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image processing apparatus including: a storage configured to store model information regarding a boundary of a person area in an image; and a controller configured to determine a boundary of a target area in an area to be processed, and to control the target area to undergo image processing for the person area if it is determined, based on the model information stored in the storage, that the determined boundary of the target area matches the boundary of the person area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for marking, by using a laser marker, a plurality of wafer dice divided by a wafer dicing process. The disclosed marking method for wafer dice comprises the steps of: setting a plurality of scan regions having a mutually overlapping portion on a wafer including the wafer dice; scanning the scan regions of the wafer a plurality of times by using a line scan camera; collecting position information of each of wafer dice located in regions in which the scan regions do not overlap; collecting, through image synthesis, position information of each of wafer dice located in regions in which the scan regions overlap; and marking, by using the laser marker, each of all the wafer dice of which the position information has been collected.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus and a control method thereof are provided. The method for controlling the imaging apparatus includes acquiring images having a same focal length by performing continuous imaging in a predetermined time when a user's imaging command is input, calculating motion vectors using the images and separating a foreground and a background of a first image among the images based on the calculated motion vectors and color information of the first image, and performing out focusing based on the separated foreground and the separated background.

Abstract: A sugar chain-containing polymer that enables targeting to the lesion area of liver fibrosis and is useful for imaging, diagnosis and therapy of liver fibrosis; and a sugar chain-containing polymer complex comprising the polymer as a carrier for an anionic substance useful fix therapy and the like; are provided. The polymer is a sugar chain-containing polymer which is a cationic polymer comprising an amine, which polymer comprises N-acetylglucosamine bound thereto. The polymer preferably has a disulfide bond. The polymer preferably has a structure in which polyethyleneimine is linked via a disulfide bond.

Abstract: A light emitting device can include a supporting layer; a semiconductor structure including: an active layer between first-type and second-type semiconductor layers, a first top surface and a first bottom surface, and a side surface between the first top and bottom surfaces, which is inclined; a first electrode between the supporting and semiconductor layers; a connection metal layer having a first portion between the first electrode and the supporting layer, which includes a stepped portion having a upper portion contacting the first electrode, and a second portion of the connection metal layer extends beyond the semiconductor structure; and a passivation layer extending from the second portion of the connection metal layer to the side surface of the semiconductor structure, which includes a second bottom surface contacting the second portion of the connection metal layer; and a second top surface opposite to the second bottom surface.

Abstract: An LED having vertical topology and a method of making the same is capable of improving a luminous efficiency and reliability, and is also capable of achieving mass productivity. The method includes forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate; forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer; forming a supporting layer on the first electrode; generating an acoustic stress wave at the interface between the substrate and semiconductor layer, thereby separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer; and forming a second electrode on the semiconductor layer exposed by the separation of the substrate.

Abstract: The image sensor includes a first analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a first analog pixel signal output from a first pixel in a row into first digital signals, a second analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a second analog pixel signal output from a second pixel in the row into second digital signals, a first output circuit configured to output a first bit value at a first position in the first digital signals in response to a first enable control signal, and a second output circuit configured to output a second bit value at a second position in the second digital signals in response to a second enable control signal, the second position in the second digital signals corresponding to the first position in the first digital signals, wherein the second enable control signal is activated with a delay from the activation of the first enable control signal.

Abstract: A method of operating an image sensor includes: generating a pixel signal according to intensity of incident light; and generating a digital pixel signal based on a comparison between the pixel signal and at least one reference current. Accordingly, a current output from a 1T pixel in the image sensor is sensed such that the influence of noise is reduced and a pixel signal is sensed more precisely.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting an object includes a filter for filtering a current input image and a background model generated based on a previous input image, a homography matrix estimation unit for estimating a homography matrix between the current input image and the background model, an image alignment unit for converting the background model by applying the homography matrix to a filtered background model and aligning a converted background model and a filtered current input image, and a foreground/background detection unit for detecting a foreground by comparing corresponding pixels between the converted background model and the filtered current input image.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor device are provided. The semiconductor substrate includes a base substrate, a first silicon germanium layer on the base substrate and a second silicon germanium layer on the first silicon germanium layer. A germanium fraction of the second silicon germanium layer decreases in the direction away from the base substrate, and a germanium fraction of a lowermost part of the second silicon germanium layer is greater than a germanium fraction of an uppermost part of the first silicon germanium layer.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory cell includes first and second interlayer insulating films which are separated from each other and are stacked sequentially, a first electrode which penetrates the first interlayer insulating film and the second interlayer insulating film, a resistance change film which is formed along a side surface of the first electrode and extends parallel to the first electrode, and a second electrode which is formed between the first interlayer insulating film and the second interlayer insulating film. The second electrode includes a conductive film which is made of metal and a diffusion preventing film which prevents diffusion of a conductive material contained in the conductive film.

Abstract: A sugar chain-containing polymer that enables targeting to the lesion area of liver fibrosis and is useful for imaging, diagnosis and therapy of liver fibrosis; and a sugar chain-containing polymer complex comprising the polymer as a carrier for an anionic substance useful fix therapy and the like; are provided. The polymer is a sugar chain-containing polymer which is a cationic polymer comprising an amine, which polymer comprises N-acetylglucosamine bound thereto. The polymer preferably has a disulfide bond. The polymer preferably has a structure in which polyethyleneimine is linked via a disulfide bond.

Abstract: A method of operating an image sensor includes generating a plurality of sub pixel signals using a sub pixel group. The sub pixel group includes a plurality of sub pixels and corresponds to a single pixel. The method further includes generating a pixel signal having a plurality of bits based on a result of comparing the sub pixel signals with a reference voltage. Each of the sub pixels is a 1-transistor (1T) pixel that detects at least one photogenerated charge and includes only one transistor.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device is provided wherein a lower molding layer is formed on a substrate; a first horizontal interconnection is formed on the lower molding layer; an upper molding layer is formed on the first horizontal interconnection; a pillar is formed connected to the substrate by vertically passing through the upper molding layer, the first horizontal interconnection and the lower molding layer. The pillar has a lower part and an upper part, wherein the lower part is disposed on the same level as the first horizontal interconnection and has a first width and the upper part is disposed on a higher level than the first horizontal interconnection and has a second width different from the first width.

Abstract: A method of operating an image sensor includes: generating a pixel signal according to intensity of incident light; and generating a digital pixel signal based on a comparison between the pixel signal and at least one reference current. Accordingly, a current output from a 1T pixel in the image sensor is sensed such that the influence of noise is reduced and a pixel signal is sensed more precisely.

Abstract: An LED having vertical topology and a method of making the same is capable of improving a luminous efficiency and reliability, and is also capable of achieving mass productivity. The method includes forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate; forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer; forming a supporting layer on the first electrode; generating an acoustic stress wave at the interface between the substrate and semiconductor layer, thereby separating the substrate from the semiconductor layer; and forming a second electrode on the semiconductor layer exposed by the separation of the substrate.